46. The Pentagon, September 11, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
47. Donald Rumsfeld, the Pentagon, September 12, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
48. Donald Rumsfeld, September 12, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
49. Doug Feith, Gen. Jim Jones, Donald Rumsfeld, President George Bush, Condi Rice, Gordon England, Gen. Hugh Shelton, Gen. Jack Keane, Adm. Vern Clark, et al., the Pentagon, September 12, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
50. Gen. Dick Myers, Donald Rumsfeld, et al., press briefing room, the Pentagon, c. 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
51. Donald Rumsfeld, Ground Zero, New York City, November 14, 2001. (Photograph by Karen Ballard)
52. Vice President Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld, and Reggie, Rumsfeld residence, Washington, D.C., October 6, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
53. Steve Cambone, Paul Wolfowitz, Larry Di Rita, Donald Rumsfeld, and Torie Clarke, office of the Secretary of Defense, the Pentagon, October 7, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
Third Insert
54. Afghan Northern Alliance fighters at Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan, December 16, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
55. Abandoned Soviet-made aircraft at Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan, December 16, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
56. Hamid Karzai and Donald Rumsfeld, Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan, December 16, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
57. Ismail Khan, Donald Rumsfeld, and Zalmay Khalilzad, Herat Airport, Afghanistan, April 27, 2002. (Department of Defense photograph by Robert D. Ward)
58. Donald Rumsfeld, President George Bush, and Gen. Tommy Franks (on SVTS), situation room, the White House, October 25, 2001. (Photograph by Eric Draper, courtesy of the George W. Bush Presidential Center)
59. Larry Di Rita, Donald Rumsfeld, Ambassador Zalmay Khalilzad, Gen. David Barno, et al., Mazar-e-Sharif, December 4, 2003. (Photograph by Karen Ballard)
60. Combatant commanders and members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff with the President, cabinet room, the White House, February 28, 2002. (Photograph by Eric Draper, courtesy of the George W. Bush Presidential Center)
61. Donald Rumsfeld, et al., town hall meeting in Camp Buehring, Kuwait, December 8, 2004. (Department of Defense photograph by Master Sgt James M. Bowman, U.S. Air Force)
62. Donald Rumsfeld and L. Paul Bremer, Baghdad Airport, Iraq, December 6, 2003. (Photograph by Karen Ballard)
63. President George Bush, Donald Rumsfeld, and Secretary of State Colin Powell, Istanbul, Turkey, June 28, 2004. (Getty Images)
64. Vice Adm. Jim Stavridis, Donald Rumsfeld, Larry Di Rita, Gen. George Casey, and Bill Luti, American embassy, Baghdad, Iraq, February 11, 2005. (David Hume Kennerly)
65. Gen. Ray Ordierno, Donald Rumsfeld, et al., Kirkut Air Base, Iraq, December 6, 2003. (Photograph by Karen Ballard)
66. Gen. David Petraeus, Donald Rumsfeld, et. al., Baghdad, Iraq, July 27, 2005. (Joe Raedle/Pool/Corbis Images)
67. Torie Clarke, Marc Theissen, Doug Feith, Donald Rumsfeld, Vice Adm. Ed Giambastiani, Delonnie Henry, et al., onboard a C-17 en route to Uzbekistan, October 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
68. Donald Rumsfeld, Sultan Qaboos, et al., Oman, October 4, 2001. (David Hume Kennerly)
69. Donald Rumsfeld with Kazakh officials, Astana, Kazakhstan, April 28, 2002. (Rumsfeld Collection)
70. Donald Rumsfeld and “Montana,” Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, October 22, 2005. (Department of Defense photograph by Master Sgt. James M. Bowman, U.S. Air Force)
71. Republic of Korea Minister of Defense Yoong Kwang Ung, Gen. Dick Myers, Richard Lawless, Donald Rumsfeld, et al., the Pentagon, October 22, 2004. (Department of Defense photograph by Master Sgt. James M. Bowman, U.S. Air Force)
72. Donald Rumsfeld and Russian Minister of Defense Sergei Ivanov, the Pentagon, January 11, 2005. (Department of Defense photograph by Helene C. Stikkel)
73. PRC Vice Foreign Minister Dai Bingguo, Robert Rangel, Peter Rodman, Donald Rumsfeld, Gen. Gene Renuart, et al., the Pentagon, December 8, 2005. (Department of Defense photograph)
74. Gen. Peter Pace, Donald Rumsfeld, and Lady Margaret Thatcher, office of the Secretary of Defense, the Pentagon, September 12, 2006. (Department of Defense photograph by Staff Sgt. D. Myles Cullen)
75. Donald and Joyce Rumsfeld, Falcon Stadium, United States Air Force Academy, May 31, 2006. (Department of Defense photograph by Petty Officer 1st Class Chad J. McNeeley, U.S. Navy)
76. Joyce Rumsfeld, fire department, Vail, Colorado, March 4, 2006. (Department of Defense photograph by Petty Officer 1st Class Chad J. McNeeley, U.S. Navy)
77. Joyce and Donald Rumsfeld, the Pentagon, December 2004. (Department of Defense photograph by Helene C. Stikkel)
78. Gen. Peter Pace and Donald Rumsfeld, outside the Oval Office, the White House, October 23, 2006. (Photograph by Eric Draper, courtesy of the George W. Bush Presidential Center)
79. Donald Rumsfeld with World War II veterans, Naval Air Station North island, Coronado, California, August 30, 2005. (Department of Defense photograph by Tech Sgt. Kevin J. Gruenwald, U.S. Air Force)
80. Lt. Gen. Russel Honoré, Maj. Gen. Bill Caldwell, Donald Rumsfeld, Adm. Tim Keating, et al., New Orleans International Airport, September 4, 2005. (Department of Defense photograph by Tech Sgt. Kevin J. Gruenwald, U.S. Air Force)
81. Rob Portman and combatant commanders, Old Europe restaurant, Washington, D.C., September 2006. (Department of Defense photograph by Staff Sgt. D. Myles Cullen, U.S. Air Force)
82. Donald Rumsfeld, President George W. Bush, Vice President Dick Cheney, and Gen. Peter Pace, the Pentagon, December 15, 2006. (Photograph by Karen Ballard)
83. Nick, Valerie, Donald, Joyce, and Marcy Rumsfeld, the Pentagon, December 15, 2006. (David Hume Kennerly)
84. Mia Rumsfeld, Valerie Rumsfeld-Richard, Sofia and Rachel Richard, the Pentagon, June 25, 2010. (Department of Defense photograph by Cherie Cullen)
Notes
A large selection of the documents referenced in this book are available at www.rumsfeld.com. Readers can both browse the endnotes by chapter and search a broader archive of related personal papers by keyword and subject.
Unless otherwise noted, primary documents are housed in Donald Rumsfeld’s personal collection, at the National Archives and Records Administration, at the U.S. Department of Defense, at the U.S. Department of State, or on deposit at the Library of Congress.
AUTHOR’S NOTE
1. Thomas Schelling, foreword, in Roberta Wohlstetter, Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1962), p. viii.
2. Carl von Clausewitz, On War, edited and translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984).
3. Plato, The Apology, Phaedo and Crito of Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett (New York: P. F. Collier & Son, 1909), pp. 7–8.
PART ONE Lessons in Terror
1. “rumsfeld handshake proves popular,” Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2006.
2. Rumsfeld to Shultz, State Department cable, “Rumsfeld One-on-One Meeting with Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz,” December 21, 1983.
3. Rumsfeld to Shultz, State Department cable, “Rumsfeld Mission: December 20 Meeting with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein,” December 21, 1983.
4. George P. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), p. 238.
5. Rumsfeld to Shultz, State Department cable, “Rumsfeld Mission: December 20 Meeting with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein,” December 21, 1983.
6. Rumsfeld to Shultz, State Department cable, “Rumsfeld Mission: December 20 Meeting with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein,” December 21, 1983.
CHAPTER 1 Smiling Death
1. Nicholas Blanford, “The Lasting Impact of 1983 Beirut Attack,” Christian Science Monitor, October 23, 2008.
2. John Roberts, “Marine Barracks Bombing,” CNN Presents, CNN, August 13, 2006.
3. Ronald Reagan, An American Life: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990), p. 437.
4. John Roberts, “Marine Barracks Bombing,” CNN Presents, CNN, August 13, 2006.
5. Tom Clancy with General Carl Stiner (Ret.) and Tony Koltz, Shadow Warriors: Inside the Special Forces (New York: Berkley Publishing Group, 2002), pp. 254–55.
6. Ronald Reagan, remarks, “The Appointment of Donald Rumsfeld as Middle East Envoy,” November 3, 1983.
7. Rumsfeld to Shultz, “The Swamp,” November 23, 1983.
8. Ronald Reagan, remarks, “The Appointment of Donald Rumsfeld as Middle East Envoy,” November 3, 1983.
9. Ronald Reagan, radio address, “The Situation in Lebanon,” December 10, 1983.
10. Caspar Weinberger, Fighting for Peace: Seven Critical Years in the Pentagon (New York: Warner Books, Inc., 1991), pp. 167–68.
11. George H. W. Bush, All the Best, George Bush: My Life in Letters and Other Writings (New York: Scribner, 1999), pp. 330–31.
12. Rumsfeld to Shultz, State Department cable, “Rumsfeld Mission: December 20 Meeting with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein,” December 21, 1983.
CHAPTER 2 Into the Swamp
1. Rumsfeld to Shultz, “The Swamp,” November 23, 1983.
2. Rumsfeld to Shultz, “The Swamp,” November 23, 1983.
3. Rumsfeld to Shultz, “The Swamp,” November 23, 1983.
4. Rumsfeld to Shultz, “The Swamp,” November 23, 1983.
5. Tom Clancy with General Carl Stiner (Ret.) and Tony Koltz, Shadow Warriors: Inside the Special Forces (New York: Berkley Publishing Group, 2002), pp. 235–36.
6. U.S. Department of Defense, Report of the DoD Commission on Beirut International Airport Terrorist Act, October 23, 1983 (Long Commission Report), December 20, 1983.
7. Ronald Reagan, remarks and question-and-answer session with reporters, “On the Pentagon Report on the Security of United States Marines in Lebanon,” December 27, 1983.
8. Ronald Reagan, remarks and question-and-answer session with reporters, “On the Pentagon Report on the Security of United States Marines in Lebanon,” December 27, 1983.
9. John Roberts, “Marine Barracks Bombing,” CNN Presents, CNN, August 13, 2006.
10. Saul Friedman, “Reagan Pressured,” Knight-Ridder News Service, January 4, 1984.
11. Rumsfeld to Shultz, “The Swamp,” November 23, 1983.
12. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years (New York: HarperCollins, 1993), p. 327.
13. State Department cable, “Middle East Mission Meeting with Mrs. Thatcher,” January 20, 1984.
14. Rumsfeld, “Lebanese Strategy,” undated.
15. Ronald Reagan, radio address, “On the Budget deficit, Central America, and Lebanon,” February 4, 1984.
16. Rumsfeld to Shultz, State Department cable, “Next Steps in Lebanon,” January 31, 1984.
17. Lou Cannon, President Reagan: The Role of a Lifetime (New York: Public Affairs, 2000), pp. 399–400.
18. McFarlane to Rumsfeld, cable, “Implementation of NSDD-123,” February 4, 1984.
19. Rumsfeld to American Embassy Beirut, State Department cable, “Rumsfeld Report, 2/8/84,” February 10, 1984.
20. Ronald Reagan, “Statement on the Situation in Lebanon,” February 7, 1984.
21. George P. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), p. 231.
22. Rick Hampson, “25 Years Later, Bombing in Beirut Still Resonates,” USA Today, October 15, 2008.
23. Osama bin Laden, transcript of Al Jazeera tape, Reuters, October 29, 2004; Mohamad Bazzi, “‘A Thousand New bin Ladens,’” Newsday, July 31, 2006.
24. Rumsfeld, remarks, “On the Awarding of the George Catlett Marshall Medal,” October 17, 1984.
25. George Shultz, address, “Terrorism and the Modern World,” New York, Park Avenue Synagogue, October 25, 1984.
PART TWO An American, Chicago Born
1. Saul Bellow, The Adventures of Augie March (New York: Knopf, 1995), p. 5.
2. KTU radio broadcast, Honolulu, Hawaii, NBC Radio Blue Network (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, December 7, 1941), disk 21920, cut A2.
3. Louis M. Lyons, “Kennedy Says Democracy All Done in Britain, Maybe Here; Pinch Coming in Loss of Trade,” Boston Sunday Globe, November 10, 1940.
4. NBC radio broadcast (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, December 7, 1941), box C48-E41-85, disc 21918B, box C48-E41-85, cut A1; News flashes with Baukhage (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, December 7, 1941), box E41, disc 21930, cut A3.
5. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, “Address to Congress Requesting a Declaration of War,” December 8, 1941.
CHAPTER 3 The Last of Spring
1. William Manchester, The Glory and the Dream: A Narrative History of America, 1932–1972 (New York: Bantam Books, 1975), p. 32.
2. Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor, American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley—His Battle for Chicago and the Nation (Boston: Little, Brown, 2000), p. 55.
3. Rumsfeld, “My Autobiography,” January 11, 1946.
4. Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor, American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley—His Battle for Chicago and the Nation (Boston: Little, Brown, 2000), p. 14.
5. Lincoln Steffens, The Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens (Berkeley: Heyday Books, 2005), p. 428.
6. Jeannette Rumsfeld, letter to George Rumsfeld, November 14, 1944.
7. George Rumsfeld, letter to Jeannette Rumsfeld, August 11, 1944.
8. Jeannette Rumsfeld, letter to George Rumsfeld, October 17, 1944.
9. Jeannette Rumsfeld, letter to George Rumsfeld, March 10, 1945.
10. Donald Rumsfeld, letter to George Rumsfeld, March 11, 1945.
11. George Rumsfeld, letter to Jeannette Rumsfeld, August 10, 1945.
12. Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal, letter to George Rumsfeld, October 31, 1945.
13. Rumsfeld, senior thesis, “The Steel Seizure Case of 1952 and Its Effects on Presidential Powers,” Princeton University, April 26, 1954.
14. Adlai E. Stevenson, address at the Senior Class Banquet, Princeton Class of 1954, March 22, 1954.
CHAPTER 4 The Longest of Long Shots
1. Donald Rumsfeld, letter to Jeannette Rumsfeld, March 16, 1962.
2. Editorial, “Rumsfeld for Congress,” Chicago Sun-Times, January 27, 1962.
3. Campaign advertisement, “Marion E. Burks for Congress,” Evanston Review, April 5, 1962.
4. Richard T. Stout, “GOP’s New Star—Donald Rumsfeld: Recent Political Unknown in Sweeping Win Over Burks,” Chicago Daily News, April 11, 1962.
5. Robert L. Peabody, The Ford-Halleck Minority Leadership Contest, 1965 (Rutgers: 1966), pp. 3–4.
PART THREE The U.S. Congress: From Camelot to Quagmire
1. Rumsfeld, “Draft of Comments on the briefing at The White House on Friday, February 25, 1966,” February 25, 1966.
2. Congressman John Anderson, “Impressions of briefing held at The White House on February 25, 1966,” March 10, 1966.
3. Rumsfeld, “Draft of Comments on the briefing at The White House on Friday, February 25, 1966,” February 25, 1966.
4. Rumsfeld, “Draft of Comments on the briefing at The White House on Friday, February 25, 1966,” February 25, 1966.
5. Rumsfeld, “Draft of Comments on the briefing at The White House on Friday, February 25, 1966,” February 25, 1966.
6. Rumsfeld, “Draft of Comments on the briefing at The White House on Friday, February 25, 1966,” February 25, 1966.
7. Rumsfeld voting record, “Southeast Asia—H. J. Res. 1145, 88th Cong., 2d sess.,” August 7, 1964.
8. Rumsfeld, “Draft of Comments on the briefing at The White House on Friday, February 25, 1966,” February 25, 1966.
CHAPTER 5 “Here, Sir, the People Govern”
1. John F. Kennedy, “Special Message to the Congress on Urgent National Needs,” May 25, 1961.
2. Rumsfeld, “Space and the Cold War,” Washington Report, American Security Council, November 18, 1963.
3. “Wernher von Braun: Rocket
Man for War and Peace, Part 1,” In Focus, DW-TV Europa, October 4, 2007.
4. “Wernher von Braun: Rocket Man for War and Peace, Part 1,” In Focus, DW-TV Europa, October 4, 2007.
5. Rumsfeld, letter to Lowenstein, December 20, 1965.
6. Lowenstein, letter to Rumsfeld, March 10, 1962.
7. “Top Nixon Aide Voices ‘Respect’ for Lowenstein,” Long Island Press, October 14, 1970.
8. “Key Nixon Adviser Defends Lowenstein,” Long Island Press, October 14, 1970.
9. Lady Bird Johnson, A White House Diary (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970), p. 734.
10. “Consent by Injunction,” Chicago Tribune, February 20, 1964; “Lopsided Law,” Chicago Tribune, February 27, 1964.
11. “Lopsided Law,” Chicago Tribune, February 27, 1964.
12. “Civil Rights,” Congressman Donald Rumsfeld Reports, vol. 1, no. 4., November 22, 1963.
13. Rumsfeld voting record, “Civil Rights—HR 7152, 88th Cong., 2d sess.”, February 10, 1964.
14. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “James Farmer’s GOP Candidacy Born at Kenyon College Conference,” Washington Post, July 22, 1968.
15. William McGaffin, “How Rumsfeld Aided Candidate,” Chicago Daily News, May 23, 1968; “Farmer Tells Why GOP Endorsed Him,” New York Post, May 20, 1968.
16. “Caucuses Begin Today for Hill Leadership,” Washington Post, January 2, 1969.
17. Richard Nixon, RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1978), p. 245.
18. Nixon, letter to Rumsfeld, November 16, 1962.
19. Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., afterword, in Barry M. Goldwater, The Conscience of a Conservative (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007), p.123.
20. “Running Mate,” Time, July 24, 1964.
21. John Chamberlain, “A Vote for Goldwater,” Washington Post, October 30, 1964.
22. Barry M. Goldwater, speech, acceptance of Republican presidential nomination, twenty-eighth Republican National Convention, July 16, 1964.
23. Barry M. Goldwater, speech, acceptance of Republican presidential nomination, twenty-eighth Republican National Convention, July 16, 1964.
24. “The Record Rep. Rumsfeld Made for You,” Committee to Elect Lynn A. Williams to the U.S. Congress, undated.
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