See Gregory VII.
Hildegarde, wife of Foulques III.,
Count of Anjou.
Holy Land, the position of the Christians there at the last Crusade,
its colonization by the Latins unsuccessful.
Holy Roman Empire, the, its foundation,
Charlemagne the first Emperor,
its extent, France falls away from it.
Hospitallers and Templars, their jealousy of each other,
valor of the Hospitallers at the fall of the Acre,
their settlement at the Isle of Rhodes.
Houghton, Lord, his poem on the fate of the Templars.
Howell Dha, the Lawgiver of Wales.
Hugh the White, Count of Paris,
his daughter betrothed to Richard the Fearless.
Hugh the Wolf, Earl of Chester, his friendship for Anselm,
retires to a monastery,
his conduct as a Lord Marcher.
Ingelger, the legend of, becomes first Count of Anjou.
Ingulf of Croyland, his recollections of Queen Edith.
Innocent III., Pope, nominates Stephen Langton Abp. of Canterbury,
places England under an interdict,
annuls Magna Charta,
interferes against the crown of England being given to Louis the Lion,
his death.
Innocent IV., Pope, his exactions on England,
contests with Frederick II.,
his exactions on the clergy,
interference with the English Church,
quarrel with the English Barons respecting Church patronage,
Bp. Grosteste opposes his encroachments,
his death.
Inquisition into estates by Edward I..
Interdict, the, of England, by Pope Innocent III..
Ireland, depredations of the pirates in,
the slave-trade with,
stopped by Bps. Wulstan and Lanfranc,
confusion of its early history,
its conversion to Christianity,
inroads of the Northmen,
Pope Adrian IV. grants it to Henry II.,
invaded by Strong bow,
submission of, to Henry II.,
regulations for the Church,
granted to John Lackland as his inheritance,
invasion of, by Edward and Robert Bruce.
Isabelle of Angouleme engaged to Hugh de Lusignan,
marries King John,
her contempt for her husband,
marries Hugh de Lusignan,
her reputation for sorcery.
Isabel of France, her marriage to Edward II.,
her complaints against Gaveston,
report of her aiding the escape of the younger Mortimer,
complains to the King of France of her treatment;
goes to the French court;
her affection for Mortimer;
invades England;
her successes against her husband;
her conduct with Mortimer;
cruelty to the Earl of Kent;
her pleading for Mortimer; despair at his execution;
her death.
Italian clergy thrust into the English Church;
hatred of the English to these.
Ivo de Grantmesnil, friend of Robert Courtheuse.
Ivo Taillebois, Lord of Spalding; his overbearing conduct;
his expeditions against Hereward;
taken prisoner by him;
his outrages on Croyland Abbey;
banished by William Rufus.
Jerusalem, Robert the Magnificent at;
emotion of the first Crusaders at beholding it;
the slaughter there,
at its capture from the infidels;
King Richard's grief at his inability to take it.
Jews, the persecution of, under Henry III;
their treatment by Edward I.
Joan, sister of Richard I.,
Queen of Sicily,
dispute with King Tancred about;
takes charge of Berengaria;
dies, and is buried with her brother.
Joan of Acre, birth of;
marriage of, to Gilbert de Clare;
her second marriage to Ralph de Monthermer;
character;
her sudden death.
John Lackland, Ireland given him as his inheritance;
his unworthy conduct there;
reason of his name;
his father's affection for him;
turns traitor to his father;
his conduct respecting Richard's captivity;
Richard's generous pardon to him;
bequeaths him the crown;
his marriage to Isabelle of Angouleme;
his promises respecting Prince Arthur;
imprisons him at Falaise;
his parley with him there and attempted cruelty;
murders Prince Arthur;
summoned by Philippe Auguste to answer for this;
his French fiefs declared forfeit;
conquered from him by Philippe;
his Queen's contempt for him;
his dispute with the Pope about the election to
the See of Canterbury;
his reply to the threat of an interdict;
excommunicated; deposed;
his embassy to the Emir of Cordova;
submission to the Pope;
yields himself a vassal to Rome;
his outrageous exactions;
the Barons revolt against these;
promises to grant the Great Charter;
attempts to cajole the Barons;
signs the Charter;
his rage, and efforts to annul it;
his war with the Barons;
contest with Louis the Lion and the Barons;
loss of his treasure at the Wash;
his despair and death.
Joinville, Sieur de, accompanies Louis IX. on his crusade;
his bravery at Mansourah;
is taken prisoner;
opposes Louis's second crusade;
his notices of Louis IX.
Joppa, the Crusaders at.
Judith, wife of Earl Waltheof; her perfidy to her husband.
Jumieges, Abbey of, restored by William Longsword.
Kelts, the history of.
Kent, Edmund, Earl of, Queen Isabel's treachery and cruelty to.
Kent, the men of, their treaty with William the Conqueror.
Kings lost in battle, legends of their survival.
Kirkpatrick, his share in the murder of the Red Comyn.
Knut, husband of Emma, daughter of Richard the Fearless;
legends respecting his murder of Ulf.
Lacy, Hugo, made Governor of Ireland;
his murder.
Lacy, Hugo de (2d), made Governor of Ireland by King John;
his treachery to De Courcy.
Lancaster, Earl of, Gaveston's nickname for;
unites with other nobles against Gaveston;
his part in the downfall and death of Gaveston;
his discontent toward Edward II;
his proceeding against the Despensers;
his arrest and execution;
his character.
Lanfranc, the first rise of;
his reputation at Rome;
becomes Abp. of Canterbury;
his esteem for Wulstan;
William the Conqueror's friendship for;
commanded by William the Conqueror to
crown Rufus King of England;
favors the views of Gregory VII;
his death.
Langley, Walter, Bp. of Lichfield,
reproves Edward of Caernarvon;
his imprisonment.
Langston, Simon, brother of the abp.
Langton, Stephen, nominated by the Pope Abp. of Canterbury;
refused by King John; acknowledged by John;
takes possession of the see;
forbids John's vio
lence;
his support of Magna Charta against the Pope;
gets the Barons to adopt it;
his mission to Rome on behalf of it and the Barons.
Lateran Council, the, exactions of.
Laws of England, adhered to by the Norman Kings;
ignored by Henry II;
their violation by King John;
Edward I's code of.
Lay investiture of bishops, disputes about their settlement,
Leofric, Earl of Mercia,
assists Edward the Confessor against Godwin,
his death,
Leofric, father of Hereward, .
Leofwyn, his advice to his brother Harold,
death at Hastings,
Leopold of Austria at the siege of Acre,
his banner insulted by Richard,
his quarrel with Richard at Ascalon,
seizes Richard on his return,
Lewes, the battle of,
its results,
Lillebonne, the parliament at,
Limoges, meeting of Henry II. and his sons at,
Lincoln, the fair of,
Linlithgow, the capture of, from the English,
Lion, anecdote of its faithfulness,
Lockhard, origin of the name of,
London, becomes the Royal residence under the Danes,
preserves its rights at the Norman Conquest,
submits to William the Conqueror,
Longchamp, William, Bp. of Ely, chancellor,
arrogant character of,
his disgrace,
Longespee, William, son of Fair Rosamond,
history of,
his death,
Longespee, William, the second son of the above,
joins Richard Plantagenet's crusade,
gets a grant from the Pope for it,
joins the crusade of St. Louis,
his advice to Robert d'Artois,
killed at Mansourah,
Lords Marchers of Wales, the,
Lorn, John of, Bruce's combat with,
his pursuit of Bruce,
is captured and imprisoned,
Lothaire, son of Louis IV.,
companion of Richard the Fearless,
becomes hostage for his father,
succeeds to the throne of France,
his treachery to Richard the Fearless,
Richard's victory over him,
Louis l'eveille of France sheltered by Henry I.,
Louis IV. of France,
carries off Richard the Fearless,
declares war against the Normans,
is taken prisoner,
his death,
Louis VI., le Jeune, why so named,
Louis VII., divorced from Eleanor of Aquitaine,
his support of Becket,
turns against him at Montmirail,
their reconciliation,
his tributes to Becket's memory,
excites Henry II.'s sons to rebellion.
Louis IX., becomes King of France,
takes the cross,
his embarkation,
arrival at Damietta,
at the battle of Mansourah,
his encampment there,
taken captive by the Saracens,
his conduct to the Memelukes,
release and return,
the dispute between Henry III.
and his Barons referred to him,
again takes the Cross,
joined by Prince Edward of England,
his expedition against Tunis,
his expedition against Tunis,
his disasters at Carthage,
his sickness there,
last hours and death,
his character,
Louis Philippe's chapel on this spot of his death,
Louis the Lion, his marriage to Blanche of Castile,
the crown of England offered to him,
interference of the Pope against this,
his invasion of England,
the Barons' suspicious of him,
his various contests,
concludes a peace and
returns home, 285.
Lusignan, Guy de, King of Jerusalem,
Lusignan, Hugh de, Count de la Marche,
engaged to Isabelle of Angouleme,
takes part with Prince Arthur,
imprisoned by King John,
marries Isabelle after John's death,
Lusignan, de, legend of the house of,
the family favored by Henry III., See Valence de.
Lyons, council of,
the English deputies at,
deposes Frederick II.,
Macmorogh Dermod, King of Leinster,
his outrage and reverses,
gets assistance from Strongbow and others,
Madoc, the story of,
Mad Parliament, the,
meeting of, at Oxford,
its acts declared void by Louis IX.,
Magna Charta. See Charta.
Magnus, King of Norway,
gives his kingdom to Harold Hardrata,
Mahometans, contract between the Saracenic and Turkish,
Malachy, King of Meath, legends of,
Malcolm III. of Scotland,
his kindness to the Etheling family,
his marriage to Margaret,
his character and reverence for his wife,
manner of his death,
troubles in Scotland after this,
Malek el Afdal, Saladin's brother, his
courtesy to Richard I.,
Malek el Kamel, sultan, opposes the Egyptian Crusaders,
his generosity,
Mamelukes, the, revolt of,
in St. Louis's crusade,
Mansourah, contests at,
in the first Egyptian crusade,
battle of,
in St. Louis's crusade,
horrors of encampment there,
Mantes, the insurrection at, William
the Conqueror's fatal accident at,
March of Wales, the, under the Normans,
Margaret, daughter of Edward the Etheling;
marries Malcolm III. of Scotland;
her beneficial influence on Scotland and
the Scottish Church;
her death.
Margaret, the infant Queen of Scotland, death of.
Marguerite of Provence, Queen of France,
character of;
accompanies St. Louis on his crusade;
her sad position at Damietta.
Marguerite of France, her marriage to Edward I.;
her character.
Marlborough, the parliament of.
Marmion of Fontenaye,
William the Conqueror's champion at his coronation.
Maine, loss of, by England to Philippe Auguste.
Martin, abbot of Jumieges,
his advice to William Longsword.
Matilda of Anjou, married to William the Etheling;
retires to a nunnery.
Matilda of Boulogne, wife of Stephen of Blois.
Matilda of Flanders,
her marriage to William the Conqueror;
founds the Abbaye aux Dames at Caen;
her help toward the invasion of England;
works the Bayeux tapestry;
her coronation;
character;
her affection for Robert Courtheuse;
her death;
her husband's tender love for.
Matilda of Huntingdon, married to David I. of Scotland.
Matilda, daughter of William the Conqueror,
betrothed to Edwin;
her touching death.
Matilda, daughter of Henry I.,
marries Henry V., of Germany.
See Maude.
Maude, the good queen, her support of Abp. Anselm;
her character and death.
Maude, or Matilda, daughter of Henry I.;
married to Henry V., of Germany;
He
nry declares her his heir;
married secondly to Geoffrey Plantagenet;
her pride and haughtiness;
deprived by Stephen of the English crown;
her cause increases in strength;
proclaimed queen;
her disdainful manners;
her reverses at Winchester;
besieged by Stephen at Oxford;
escapes over the snow;
retires to Anjou.
Maulac, Pierre de,
aids in the murder of Prince Arthur;
his further cruelties.
Melisende, Princess of Jerusalem;
marries Foulques V. of Anjou.
Melusine of Lusignan, legend of.
Mercia, earldom of.
Mertoun, the Synod of.
Messina, Richard Coeur de Lion at.
Methven, battle of.
Milesians, the, myths concerning.
Mirabeau, siege of, by Prince Arthur.
Mitton, the Chapter of, the combat so called.
Molay, Jacques de, grand master of the Templars;
his trial;
his cruel treatment and death.
Monteil, Adhemar de, Bp. of Puy,
takes the Cross at the Council of Clermont.
Montfort, Guy, lawless conduct of;
murders Henry d'Almayne;
his excommunication and subsequent fate.
Montfort, Henry, lawless conduct of;
his death at the battle of Evesham;
ballad lore version of his fate.
Montford, Simon, the elder, history of;
his death.
Montford, Simon, the younger,
marries a sister of Henry III.;
his popularity;
the king's jealousy of him;
his dispute with the king;
his conduct in taking the oath to the Acts of Oxford;
in the Barons' war;
his behavior in prosperity;
violence and lawlessness of his sons;
his death at the battle of Evesham;
his noble character;
fate of his family.
Montford, Simon (3d),
his conduct at the siege of Northampton;
his lawless conduct;
sacks Winchester;
his escape from Kenilworth;
murders Henry D'Almayne.
Montgomery, Roger,
messenger of Duke William of Normandy.
Monthermer, Ralph de, his marriage to Joan of Acre.
Montmirail,
conference between Henry II. and Becket at.
Morkar, the grandson of Leofric;
the enemy of Harold;
submits to William the Conqueror;
joins the Camp of Refuge;
ends his life in captivity.
Morogh O'Brien, King of Ireland;
sends William Rufus oak for Westminster Hall.
Mortimer, Roger, at the battle of Lewes;
aids the escape of Prince Edward from Hereford.
Mortimer, Roger, senior and junior,
join the Barons against the Despensers;
Cameos from English History, from Rollo to Edward II Page 56
