by Chris Fowler
Childe, V. G. 1958. The dawn of European civilization. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Clark, J.G.D. 1965a. Radiocarbon dating and the spread of farming economy. Antiquity 39(1), 45–48.
Clark, J.G.D. 1965b. Radiocarbon dating and the expansion of farming culture from the Near East over Europe. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 31, 58–73.
Colledge, S., Conolly, J., and Shennan, S. 2004. Archaeobotanical evidence for the spread of farming in the eastern Mediterranean. Current Anthropology 45, Supplement, 35–58.
Coon, C.S. 1939. The races of Europe. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Coward, F., Shennan, S., Colledge, S., Conolly, J., and Collard, M. 2008. The spread of Neolithic plant economies from the Near East to northwest Europe: a phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 35, 42–56.
Craig, O.E., Chapman, J., Heron, C., Willis, L.H., Bartosiewicz, L., Taylor, G., Whittle, A., and Collins, M. 2005. Did the first farmers of central and eastern Europe produce dairy foods? Antiquity 79, 882–894.
Derenko, M., Malyarchuk, B., Denisova, G., Wozniak, M., Grzybowski, T., Dambueva, I., and Zakharov, I. 2007. Y-chromosome haplogroup N dispersals from south Siberia to Europe. Journal of Human Genetics 52, 763–770.
Evershed, R.P., Payne, S., Sherratt, A.G., Copley, M.S., Coolidge, J., Urem-Kotsu, D., Kotsakis, K., Özdoğan, M., Özdoğan, A.E., Nieuwenhuyse, O., Akkermans, P.M.M.G., Bailey, D., Andeescu, R.-R., Campbell, S., Farid, S., Hodder, I., Yalman, N., Özbaşaran, M., Bıçakcı, E., Garfinkel, Y., Levy, T., and Burton, M.M. 2008. Earliest date for milk use in the Near East and south-eastern Europe linked to cattle herding. Nature 455(25), 528–531.
Farbstein, R. 2011. The significance of social gestures and technologies of embellishment in Paleolithic portable art. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 18, 125–146.
Farbstein, R., Radić, D., Brajković, D., and Miracle, P.T. 2012. First Epigravettian ceramic figurines from Europe (Vela Spila, Croatia). PLoS ONE 7(7), e41437.
Garašanin, M. 1979. Centralnobalkanska zona. Praistorija jugoslovenskih zemalja II. Neolitsko doba. Akademija Nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, 79–212. Sarajevo: Centar za Balkanološka ispitivanja.
Garašanin, M. and Radovanović, I. 2001. A pot in house 54 at Lepenski Vir I. Antiquity 75(287), 118–125.
Gerbault, P., Moret, C., Currat, M., and Sanchez-Mazas, A. 2009. Impact of selection and demography on the diffusion of lactase persistence. PLoS One 4(7), e6369.
Goldstein, D.B. and Chikhi, L. 2002. Human migrations and population structure: what we know and why it matters. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 3, 129–152.
Haak, W., Forster, P., Bramanti, B., Matsumura, S., Brandt, G., Tänzer, M., Villems, R., Renfrew, C., Gronenborn, D., Werner Alt, K.W., and Burger, J. 2005. Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites. Science 310(5750), 1016–1018.
Haak, W., Balanovsky, O., Sanchez, J.J., Koshel, S., Zaporozhchenko, V., Adler, C.J., Der Sarkissian, C.S.I., Brandt, G., Schwarz, C., Nicklisch, N., Dreseley, V., Fritsch, B., Balanovska, E., Villems, R., Meller, H., Alt, K.W., Cooper, A. and the Genographic Consortium 2010. Ancient DNA from European Early Neolithic farmers reveals their Near Eastern affinities. PLoS Biology 8(11), 1–16.
Hansen, S. 2007. Bilder vom Menschen der Steinzeit. Untersuchungen zur anthropomorphen Plastik der Jungsteinzeit und Kupferzeit in Südosteuropa. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.
Itan, Y., Powell A., Beaumont, M.A., Burger, J., and Thomas, M.G. 2009. The origins of lactase persistence in Europe. PLoS Computational Biology 5(8), e1000491.
Jobling, M.A., Hurles, M.E. and Tyler-Smith, C. 2004. Human Evolutionary Genetics: Origins, Peoples and Disease. New York: Garland Science.
Jordan, P. and Zvelebil, M. 2009. Ex Oriente Lux: the prehistory of hunter-gatherer ceramic dispersals. In P. Jordan and M. Zvelebil (eds), Ceramics before farming: the dispersal of pottery among prehistoric Eurasian hunter-gatherers, 33–89. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press.
Jovanović, B. 1968. Istorijat keramičke industrije u neolitu i ranom eneolitu Centralnog Balkana. Neolit Centralnog Balkana. Narodni muzej Beograd. Beograd: 107–176.
King, R. and Underhill, P.A. 2002. Congruent distribution of Neolithic painted pottery and ceramic figurines with Y-chromosome lineages. Antiquity 76(293), 707–714.
King, R.J., Özcan, S.S., Carter, T., Kalfoğlu, E., Atasoy, S., Triantaphyllidis, C., Kouvatsi, A., Lin, A.A., Chow, C-E. T., Zhivotovsky, L.A., Michalodimitrakis, M., and Underhill, P.A. 2008. Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic. Annals of Human Genetics 72, 205–214.
Kossinna, G. 1911. Die Herkunft der Germanen. Zur Methode der Siedlungsarchäologie. Mannus-Bibliothek, Band 6, Würzburg.
Krauß, R. 2010. Erneute Gedanken zur regionalen Gliederung des balkanischen Frühneolithikums. In J. Šuteková, P. Pavúk, P. Kalábková, and B. Kovár (eds), Panta Rhei. Studies on the chronology and cultural development of South-Eastern and Central Europe in earlier prehistory presented to Juraj Pavúk on the occasion of his 75th Birthday, 35–58. Bratislava: Comenius University in Bratislava and Archaeological Centre Olomouc.
Krauß, R. 2011. On the ‘monochrome’ Neolithic in southeast Europe. In R. Krauß (ed.), Beginnings—new research in the appearance of the Neolithic between northwest Anatolia and the Carpathian Basin, 109–125. Rahden: Verlag Marie Leidorf.
Kreuz, A., Marinova, E., Schäfer, E., and Wiethold, J. 2005. A comparison of early Neolithic crop and weed assemblages from the Linearbandkeramik and the Bulgarian Neolithic cultures: differences and similarities. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 14, 237–258.
Lacan, M., Keyser, C., Ricaut. F.-X., Brucato, N., Duranthon, F., Guilaine, J., Crubézy, E., and Ludes, B. 2011. Ancient DNA reveals male diffusion through the Neolithic Mediterranean route. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108(24), 9788–9791.
Leonardi, M., Gerbault, P., Thomas, M.G., and Burger, J. 2012. The evolution of lactase persistence in Europe. A synthesis of archaeological and genetic evidence. International Dairy Journal 22, 88–97.
Lichardus-Itten, M. and Lichardus, J. 2003. Strukturelle Grundlagen zum Verständnis der Neolithisierungsprozesse in Südost- und Mitteleuropa. In E. Jerem and P. Raczky (eds), Morgenrot der Kulturen. Frühe Etappen der Menschheitsgeschichte in Mittel- und Südosteuropa. Festschrift für Nándor Kalicz zum 75. Geburstag, 61–81. Budapest: Archaeolingua.
Lichter, C. 2005. Western Anatolia in the Late Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic: the actual state of research. In C. Lichter (ed.), How did farming reach Europe? Anatolian-European relations from the second half of the 7th through the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC. Proceedings of the International Workshop Istanbul, 20–22 May 2004, 59–74. Istanbul: Yayinlari.
Linderholm, A. 2011. The genetics of the Neolithic transition: new light on differences between hunter-gatherers and farmers in Southern Sweden. In R. Pinhasi and J.T. Stock (eds), Human bioarchaeology of the transition to agriculture, 385–402. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Marjanović, B. 2009. Crno Vrilo 1. Sveučilište u Zadru. Zadar.
McDonald, J.D. 2005. World Haplogroups Maps. Available at www.scs.uiuc.edu/~mcdonald/.
Müller, J. 1994. Das ostadriatische Frühneolithikum. Die Impresso-Kultur und die Neolithisierung des Adriaraumes. Berlin: Wissenschaftsverlag Volker Spiess.
Milojčić, V. 1949. Chronologie der jüngeren Steinzeit Mittel- und Südosteuropas. Berlin: Mann.
Milojčić, V. 1960. Praekeramisches Neolithikum auf der Balkanhalbinsel. Germania 38(3/4), 320–335.
Milojčić-Von Zumbusch, J. and Milojčić, V. 1971. Die deutschen Ausgrabungen auf der Otzaki-Magula in Thessalien I. Das frühe Neolithikum. Bonn: Rudolf Habelt.
Nagy, D., Tömöry, G., Csányi, B., Bogácsi-Szabó, E., Czibula, Á., Priskin, K., Bede, O., Bartosiewicz, L., Downes, C.S., and Raskó, I. 2011. Comparison of lactase persistence polymorphism in ancient and present
-day Hungarian populations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 145, 262–269.
Nandris, J. 1970. The development and relationships of the earlier Greek Neolithic. Man N. S. 5, 192–213.
Nieuwenhuyse, O.P. Akkermans, P. M.M.G., and van der Plicht, J. 2010. Not so coarse, nor always plain—the earliest pottery of Syria. Antiquity 84(323), 71–85.
O’Rourke, D.H. 2003. Anthropological genetics in the genomic era: a look back and ahead. American Anthropologist 105(1), 101–109.
Özdoğan, M. 2008. An alternative approach in tracing changes in demographic composition. The westward expansion of the Neolithic way of life. In J.-P. Bocquet-Appel and O. Bar-Yosef (eds), The Neolithic demographic transition and its consequences, 139–178. New York: Springer.
Özdoğan, M. 2009. Earliest use of pottery in Anatolia. In D. Gheorghiu (ed.), Early farmers, late foragers, and ceramic traditions: on the beginning of pottery in the Near East and Europe, 22–43. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Özdoğan, M. 2011. Archaeological evidence on the westward expansion of farming communities from Eastern Anatolia to the Aegean and the Balkans. Current Anthropology 52(S4), 415–430.
Parzinger, H. 1993. Studien zur Chronologie und Kulturgeschichte der Jungstein-, Kupfer- und Frühbronzezeit zwischen Karpaten und Mittlerem Taurus. Mainz: P. von Zabern.
Pavlu, I. 1989. Early Neolithic white painted pottery in South-east Europe. Varia Archaeologica Hungarica II, 217–222.
Perić, S. 2002. Der kulturelle Charakter und die Chronologie der Starčevo-Elemente im Neolithikum der westlichen Balkanregionen. Starinar LI, 9–40.
Perlès, C. 2001. The early Neolithic in Greece. The first farming communities in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Piggott, S. 1965. Ancient Europe from the beginnings of agriculture to Classical Antiquity. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Pinhasi, R. and Von Cramon-Taubadel, N. 2009. Craniometric data supports demic diffusion model for the spread of agriculture into Europe. One 4(8), e6747. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006747
Pinhasi, R., Thomas, M.G., Hofreiter, M., Mathias, M., Currat, M., and Burger, J. 2012. The genetic history of Europeans. Trends in Genetics 28(10), 496–505.
Pyke, G. and Yiouni, P. 1996. Nea Nikomedeia I: The Excavation of an Early Neolithic Village in Northern Greece 1961-1964. The Excavation and the Ceramic Assemblage. Supplementary Volume No. 25. Athens: British School at Athens.
Quinn, P., Day P., Kilikoglou, V., Faber, E., Katsarou-Tzeveleki, S., and Sampson, A. 2010. Keeping an eye on your pots: the provenance of Neolithic ceramics from the Cave of the Cyclops, Youra, Greece. Journal of Archaeological Science 37, 1042–1052.
Reingruber, A. 2011a. Early Neolithic settlement patterns and exchange networks in the Aegean. Documenta Praehistorica 38, 291–305.
Reingruber, A. 2011b. Rethinking the ‘Preceramic Period’ in Greece 50 years after its definition. In R. Krauß (ed.), Beginnings—New research in the appearance of the Neolithic between Northwest Anatolia and the Carpathian Basin. Papers of the International Workshop 8th–9th April 2009, 127–137. Rahden: Verlag Marie Leidorf.
Reingruber, A. and Thissen, L. 2009. Depending on 14C data: chronological frameworks in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic of south-eastern Europe. Radiocarbon 51(2), 751–770.
Renfrew, C. 2000. Towards a population prehistory of Europe. In C. Renfrew and K. Boyle (eds), Archaeogenetics: DNA and the population prehistory of Europe, 3–12. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeology.
Renfrew, C., Forster, P., and Hurles, M. 2000. The past within us. Nature Genetics 26, 253–254.
Richards, M. 2003. The Neolithic invasion of Europe. Annual Review of Anthropology 32, 135–162.
Rodden, R.J. 1965. An Early Neolithic village in Greece. Scientific American 212(4), 82–92.
Rosser, Z.H., Zerjal, T., Hurles, M.E., Adojaan, M., Alavantic, D., Amorim, A., Amos, W., Armenteros, M., Arroyo, E., Barbujani, G., Beckman, G., Beckman, L., Bertranpetit, J., Bosch, E., Bradley, D.G., Brede, G., Cooper, G., Côrte-Real, H.B., de Knijff, P., Decorte, R., Dubrova, Y.E., Evgrafov, O., Gilissen, A., Glisic, S., Gölge, M., Hill, E.W., Jeziorowska, A., Kalaydjieva, L., Kayser, M., Kivisild, T., Kravchenko, S.A., Krumina, A., Kucinskas, V., Lavinha, J., Livshits, L.A., Malaspina, P., Maria, S., McElreavey, K., Meitinger, T.A., Mikelsaar, A.V., Mitchell, R.J., Nafa, K., Nicholson, J., Nørby, S., Pandya, A., Parik, J., Patsalis, P.C., Pereira, L., Peterlin, B., Pielberg, G., Prata, M.J., Previderé, C., Roewer, L., Rootsi, S., Rubinsztein, D.C., Saillard, J., Santos, F.R., Stefanescu, G., Sykes, B.C., Tolun, A., Villems, R., Tyler-Smith, C., and Jobling, M. 2000. Y-chromosomal diversity in Europe is clinal and influenced primarily by geography, rather than by language. The American Journal of Human Genetics 67, 1526–1543.
Rootsi, S., Zhivotovsky, L.A., Baldovič, M., Kayser, M., Kutuev, I.A., Khusainova, R., Bermisheva, M.A., Gubina, M., Fedorova, S.A., Ilumäe, A.-M., Khusnutdinova, E.K., Voevoda, M.I., Osipova, L.P., Stoneking, M., Lin, A.A., Ferak, V., Parik, J., Kivisild, T., Underhill P.A., and Villems, R. 2007. A counter-clockwise northern route of the Y-chromosome haplogroup N from South-east Asia towards Europe. European Journal of Human Genetics 15, 204–221.
Salque, M., Bogucki, P.I., Pyzel, J., Sobkowiak-Tabaka, I., Grygiel, R., Szmyt, M., and Evershed, R.P. 2013. Earliest evidence for cheese making in the sixth millennium BC in northern Europe. Nature 493, 522–525.
Sampietro, M.L., Lao, O., Caramelli, D., Lari, M., Pou, R., Martí, M., Bertranpetit J., and Lalueza-Fox, C. 2007. Palaeogenetic evidence supports a dual model of Neolithic spreading into Europe. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 274, 2161–2167.
Sanev, V. 2004. Some characteristics of the Anzabegovo-Vršnik cultural group in Macedonia. In S. Perić (ed.), The Neolithic in the Middle Morava Valley 1, 35–48. Beograd: Archaeological Institute SANU.
Schachermeyr, F. 1976. Die Ägäische Frühzeit I. Die vormykenische Periode des griechischen Festlandes und der Kykladen. Wien: Verlag der Österreichishen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Schubert, H. 1999. Die bemalte Keramik des Frühneolithikums in Südosteuropa, Italien und Westanatolien. Rahden: Marie Leidorf.
Schubert, H. 2005. Everyone’s black box: where does the European ornamentation come from? In C. Lichter (ed.), How did farming reach Europe? Anatolian–European relations from the second half of the 7th through the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC. Proceedings of the International Workshop Istanbul, 20–22 May 2004, 239–254. Istanbul: Yayinlari.
Skoglund, P., Malmström, H., Raghavan, M., Storĺ, J., Hall, P., Willerslev, E., Gilbert, M.T.P., Götherström, A. and Jakobsson, M. 2012. Origins and Genetic Legacy of Neolithic Farmers and Hunter-Gatherers in Europe. Science 336(466), 466–469.
Soares, P., Achilli, A., Semino, O., Davies, W., Macaulay, V., Bandelt, H.-J., Torroni, A., and Richards, M.B. 2010. The archaeogenetics of Europe. Current Biology 20(4), R174–R183.
Spataro, M. 2011. A comparison of chemical and petrographic analyses of Neolithic pottery from South-eastern Europe. Journal of Archaeological Science 38, 255–269.
Stefanović, S. and Borić, D. 2008. The newborn infant burials from Lepenski Vir: In pursuit of contextual meanings. In C. Bonsall, V. Boroneant, and I. Radovanović (eds), The Iron Gates in Prehistory: New Perspectives, 131–169. Oxford: Archaeopress.
Theocharis, D. 1967. I augi tis Thessalikis proistorias. Volos.
Theocharis, R.D. 1973. Neolithic Greece. Athens: National Bank of Greece.
Thissen, L. 2000. Early village communities in Anatolia and the Balkans, 6500–5000 cal BC. Studies in chronology and culture contact. Leiden: PhD thesis, Universitet Leiden.
Thissen, L. 2005. Coming to grips with the Aegean in Prehistory: an outline of the temporal framework 10,000–5500 cal BC. In C. Lichter (ed.), How did farming reach Europe? Anatolian–European relations from the second half of the 7th through the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC. Proceedings of the International Workshop Istanbul, 20–22 May 2004, 29
–40. Istanbul: Yayinlari.
Thissen, L. 2009. First ceramic assemblages in the Danube catchment, SE Europe—a synthesis of the radiocarbon evidence. Buletinul muzeului Judeţean Teleorman. Seria Arheologie 1, 9–30.
Thissen, L. Özbal, H., Türkekul Bıyık, A., Gerritsen, F., and Özbal, R. 2010. The land of milk? Approaching dietary preferences of Late Neolithic communities in NW Anatolia. Leiden Journal of Pottery Studies 26, 157–172.
Todorova, H. 1998. Der balkano-anatolische Kulturbereich vom Neolithikum bis zur Frühbronzezeit. In M. Stefanovich, H. Todorova and H. Hauptmann (eds), In the steps of James Harvey Gaul. Vol. 1, 27–54. Sofia.
Tomkins, P., Day, P.M., and Kilikoglou, V. 2004. Knossos and the early Neolithic landscape of the Herakleion Basin. In G. Cadogan, E. Hatzaki, and A. Vasilakis (eds), Knossos: palace, city, state. Proceedings of the Conference in Herakleion organised by the British School at Athens and the 23rd Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion, in November 2000, for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evans’s Excavations at Knossos, 51–59. London: British School at Athens.
Vajsov, I. 1998. The typology of the anthropomorphic figurines from northeastern Bulgaria. In M. Stefanovich, H. Todorova, and H. Hauptman (eds), James Harvey Gaul. In Memoriam. In the steps of James Harvey Gaul, Vol. 1, 107–142. Sofia.
Van Andel, H.T. and Runnels, N.C. 1995. The earliest farmers in Europe. Antiquity 69(264), 481–500.
Verpoorte, A. 2001. Places of art, traces of fire. Leiden/Brno: University of Leiden & Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
Vybornov, A.A., Kulkova, M., Goslar, T., and Possnert, G., 2013. The problem of the Neolithisation process chronology in Povolzhye. Documenta Praehistorica 40, 13–20.
Zaitseva, G., Skripkin, V., Kovaliukh, N., Possnert, G., Dolukhanov, P., and Vybornov, A. 2009. Radiocarbon dating of Neolithic pottery. Radiocarbon 51(2), 795–801.
Zakh, V.A. 2006. Periodization of the Neolithic in the Tobol-Ishim Forest Zone, Archaeology. Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia 1(25), 70–83.
