Pilgrimage of Grace 297
Pitt the Elder, William 428–30, 431, 432, 433–4, 437, 439
Pitt the Younger, William 441, 443
Pitt, Hester 428
Pitt, Thomas ‘Diamond’ 428, 429
Plantagenet, house of 151–2, 157, 165–6, 170, 171, 172, 173–274
Plautius, Aulus 7–8
Pliny the Younger 4
Poitiers, battle of (1356) 232
Pole, Michael de la 238
Ponet, John 311, 313, 318, 319
Pont de l’Arche, William de 155
Pontefract Castle 244
Pope, Alexander 42
Popish Plot (1678) 371–3, 375, 376, 380
Presbyterianism 323, 327, 334, 343, 344, 345, 348, 355, 356, 361, 412
Preston, battle of (1648) 344, 345, 417
Pride, Colonel Thomas 345
Prince’s Charities 500
Prince’s Trust 500
Privy Council 89, 299, 318, 371, 375, 381–2, 405
Protectorate 351, 353, 356
Protestant Kirk 322, 323, 324, 333, 334, 337, 349
Protestant Reformation 287, 299, 301, 303, 306, 334, 340, 360, 399, 493
Protestantism 287, 299, 301–28, 331–4, 340, 342, 360, 361, 362, 367, 368, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 380, 383, 384, 385, 386, 388, 389, 391, 394, 395, 396, 400, 406, 408–11, 421, 445, 452
‘Provisions of Oxford’ 210, 211
Prussia 430, 447, 467
Pugin, Augustine 462
Purcell, Henry 379
Puritans 326, 327, 333–4, 337, 339, 341, 344, 351, 443, 473
Pym, John 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 341
Quebec, battle of (1759) 431, 432
Radcot Bridge, battle of (1387) 240
Raleigh, Sir Walter 429
Ralph ‘the Staller’ 113
Ralph of East Anglia, Earl 113
Ralph of Mantes 81
Ramillies, battle of (1706) 408
Ranulf of Chester, Earl 160–1, 167
Redwald of East Anglia, bretwalda of England, King 26–7, 33, 34, 37
Reflections on the Revolution in France (Edmund Burke) 442, 443
Reform Act (1832) 455–6, 459, 477, 496
Reform Act, Second (1867) 467
regicide/murder 41, 129–30, 225, 244, 272, 317–19, 340, 346–8, 360
Reginald, Earl of Cornwall 159, 172
Regnans in Excelsis (1570) (Papal Bull) 318, 319
Reith, John 483
Restoration (1660) 354, 355, 359–77, 378, 400, 401, 473
Rich, Edmund, Archbishop of Canterbury 205, 207
Richard I, (‘Coeur de Lion’), King 194, 195, 196–8, 199, 206
Richard I of Normandy, Duke 68, 72
Richard II, King 84, 234, 235–43, 244, 246, 250, 264
Richard III of Normandy, Duke 101–2
Richard III, King 266, 270–4
Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York 252, 253, 254–5, 256, 263, 264, 266
Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York 267, 270–2, 276, 277
Ridel, Geoffrey 187
Robert, Earl of Northumbria 107–8
Robert, Archbishop of London 81, 83, 85, 86
Robert of Mortain, Count 106
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester 150–1, 155, 156, 157–8, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 165, 166, 170
Robert, 2nd Earl of Leicester 167, 172
Robertson, Lizzie 479
Roches, Peter des, Bishop of Winchester 204, 205, 207
Roger of Hereford, Earl 113, 114, 115
Roger of Salisbury, Bishop 141–3, 149, 152, 155, 158, 159, 166, 174
Roman Empire 3–4, 5–12, 14, 15, 20–1, 28, 30, 39, 40, 43
Rome, sacked, AD 410 11–12, 20
Royal Albert Hall 468
Royal Exchange 424, 429
Royal Forests 128, 155–6
Royal Naval Hospital, Greenwich 402, 416
Royal Navy 451
Royal Supremacy, Act of (1534) 295
Ruin of Britain, The (Gildas) 12–13, 15–17, 19, 28
Runnymead 201
Russian Revolution (1917) 478, 479
Sancroft, William, Archbishop of Canterbury 386–7
Sandringham 462, 482, 483
Savoyards 207
Saxe-Coburg, house of 458
Saxon Conquest 14–21, 24, 43
Saxon Shore 12, 14, 15, 20
Scawsby Leys, battle of (1536) 297
Scott, Sir Walter 449–50, 452
Scotland 5, 9, 10, 12, 15, 33, 34, 60, 64; Charles I and 334–9, 344; Charles II and 348, 349, 354, 356; Cromwell and 340; Edward I and 213, 215, 216, 217–18, 219, 220; Edward II and 222, 223–5; Edward II and 222, 223–4, 225; Edward III and 228–9, 232; Henry I and 153; Henry II and 174, 176, 178; Henry VII and 279; James I and 322–9; James II and 380, 409–11, 416, 417, 450–1; Perkin Warbeck and 276; Privy Council 334; Protestant Kirk 322, 323, 324, 333, 334, 337, 349; Stephen and 156, 157, 164, 166, 169, 170; Stone of Scone 218, 220; union of England and 322–9, 419–13, 415, 416, 428, 450; William II and 117, 123–4, 125 see also under individual Scottish king name
Scottish Parliament 334, 410
Scottish Poundbury 499
seal 89–90, 179, 352, 359, 392
Second World War (1939–45) 485–6
Security, Act of (1703) 410, 411
Sedbar, Adam 297
Sedgemoor, battle of (1685) 380–1
‘A Sermon of Repentance’ 356
Settlement, Act of (1701) 409, 40, 416
Seven Years War (1756–63) 433, 437, 438
Seward of Northumbria, Earl 113
Seymour, Jane 298, 300
Shakespeare, William 90, 234, 247, 266, 450
sheriff, post of 102, 114, 144–5, 156, 189
sheriff’s aid 189
Sheriffmuir, battle of (1715) 417
Shire Court 50, 68, 114, 118, 169
shires 50, 51, 55, 61, 73, 90, 118
A Short Treatise of Politike Power (John Ponet) 311
Shrewsbury, battle of (1403) 244–5
Simpson, Wallis 483, 484, 496
Siward of Northumbria, Earl 90, 103
Sixtus V, Pope 321
slave trade 414, 424
socialism 479
Sophie, Electress of Hanover, Princess 409, 414, 416
South Sea Bubble 424
Spain 282, 284, 286, 308, 325, 326, 331, 363, 367, 406, 414, 424
Spanish Armada (1588) 320, 321, 331, 332, 391
Spurs, battle of the (1513) 283
St Albans 207, 208, 254, 255; first battle of (1455) 254; second battle of (1461) 255, 263
St Augustine’s Abbey, Canterbury 33
St Denis Abbey 242
St Edward’s Crown 473, 476, 489
St Giles Cathedral, Edinburgh 334, 410
St James’s Palace 388, 389, 423, 447
St Martin’s, Canterbury 29, 31, 33
St Paul’s Cathedral 223, 287, 377, 398, 399, 412, 413, 469, 471, 482, 493, 495
St Stephen Crown of Hungary 88; union of Scottish and English 327–8, 330
St Thomas’s Hospital 468
St George 228, 236, 239, 257, 347
Staffordshire Hoard 35
Stamford Bridge, battle of (1066) 95, 96, 103
Stamp Act (1765) 434–5, 442
Standard, battle of the (1137) 157
Stephen, King 149–51, 154–60, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167–8, 169, 170, 171–2, 174, 175, 176, 183, 184, 256
Stephen of Blois, Count 149
Stigand, Archbishop 72, 82, 85, 93, 105, 112
Stowe, Buckinghamshire 426–7, 428, 429, 431–2, 439
Streona, Eadric 68–9, 70, 71, 75
Stuart, house of xvi-xvii, 321, 322–416, 417, 419, 421, 427
Succession, Act of 295, 301, 307, 410–11, 414
Supremacy, Act of Royal (1534) 295–9, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 333, 337, 355, 360, 370, 378, 379, 395, 396, 397
Sutton H
oo 26–7, 33, 35, 37, 38
Swein, Earl 80, 81, 82, 87
Swein, King of Denmark 95, 108
Swinford, Catherine 252
Tacitus 7–8, 9, 22–3, 24
taxes 66, 69, 71, 73, 118, 178, 180, 198, 199, 238; Æthelred and 66, 69; Alfred the Great and 54; American 435–6; Anglo-Saxon 54, 66, 69, 71, 73, 88, 89, 114, 118; Charles II and 370; Cromwell and 340, 351; customs 401; ‘decimation’ 351; direct 230; Edward I and 218–19; Edward III and 230, 235; export duties 230; ‘Free Gift’ 332; geld (land tax) 88, 89, 114, 118, 119, 123; George V and 477; Henry III and 206; heregeld (‘army tax’) 73, 83, 88; indirect 230, 329, 401; John and 199, 205; Labour Party and 486, 489; Magna Carta and 2–5; monetagium (levy on coining of silver pennies) 131; murdrum (murder) fine 131–2; normalization of 230; Parliament and 218–19, 230, 256, 259, 269, 270, 275–6, 277, 281–2, 283, 331–2, 335, 351, 395, 402, 402, 412; Peasants’ Revolt and 236–7; poll taxes 236–7; rebellions 236–7, 276–7, 286; Roman 16; ship money 332–3, 335, 337
Taylor, Sir Herbert 456
Test Act (1673) 370–1, 384–5, 386
Tewdwr, Rhys ap, Prince 125
Tewkesbury, battle of (1471) 265, 268, 270
Thatcher, Margaret 480
Theobald of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury 160, 162, 174, 180
Theobald III of Blois, Count 149, 156–7
Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury 184, 185, 186
Theodosius the Elder 10
Thomas of York, Archbishop 112
Thornhill, James 417, 418
Thurstan of York, Archbishop 157
Tinchebrai, battle of (1106) 133, 134
Tirel, Walter 129
Toki 116
Tories 375–6, 377, 379, 380, 381, 382, 385, 387, 390, 393–4, 396, 401, 409, 413, 414, 415, 416, 420, 421, 423, 424, 427, 444, 451, 454, 455–6, 457, 459, 460, 468, 469, 477, 480, 499
Tostig, Earl 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 103
Toulouse 178, 180
Tower of London 126, 168, 237, 240, 253, 266, 267, 268, 271, 281, 295, 297, 308, 312, 356, 374, 384, 416, 424
Towton, battle of (1461) 255, 263
Traci, William de 192
Trajan, Emperor 4
treason 5, 113, 216, 219, 241, 252, 265, 294, 295, 304, 312, 316, 338, 341, 345, 346, 360, 376–7, 445
Trew Law of Free Monarchies, The (George Buchanan) 323, 325, 328
Triennial Act (1694) 402
Trooping the Colour 492
Troyes, Treaty of (1420) 247, 248
Tudor Rose 274
Tudor, Edmund 262
Tudor, Jasper 255, 262, 265
Tudor, Owen 250, 255
Tudor, house of xiv-xv, 250, 255, 261–325, 399
Tyler, Wat 237
Tyndale, William 290, 291
Uniformity, Act of 304, 370
Union, Act of, 1707 450
Urban II, Pope 127
Utrecht, Peace of (1713) 414, 416, 420, 424
Vacarius (Lombard jurist) 184
Vanburgh, Sir John 423
Vere, Robert de 238, 240
Vereeniging, Treaty of (1902) 474
Vexin 177–8
Victor IV, anti-pope 178
Victoria, Marie Louise, Duchess of Kent 456–7
Victoria, Queen 226, 456–62, 465, 466–71, 485, 490, 491
Vikings 5, 42, 43–4, 46–8, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66–74, 95, 256
Villiers, Elizabeth 369
Visigoths 20
Vitalis, Orderic 120, 137, 138, 139, 140, 148, 161
Voltaire 439
Vortigern 15, 16, 17
Wales: Edward I and 213, 215–16, 220, 222, 242; Edward II and 213, 220, 222; Edward the Elder and 60, 64; Henry I and 153, 176–7, 178; Henry IV and 244, 245; Lancastrian army in 255; Llwelyn, Gruffudd ap and 88, 91; Norman expansion into 125, 153; Offa campaigns against 39
Wallace, William 219–20
Walpole, Horace 431
Walpole, Sir Robert 423–6, 428, 431, 432
Walsingham Chronicle 232
Walter, Lucy 374
Waltheof, Earl 103, 105, 108, 113–14
Warbeck, Perkin 276, 277
Warham, William, Archbishop of Canterbury 281, 282
Wars of the Roses 252–5, 257, 262–8, 269, 270–4, 282, 297, 298, 324, 325, 339, 428
Warwick, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of 254, 255, 264, 265, 267
Washington, George 437–8, 439
Waterloo, battle of (1815) 446–7, 462
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of 446–7, 458, 462
Wells, H.G. 478
Wessex x, xii, 4–5, 18, 33, 36, 37, 42, 43–59, 61, 68, 70, 74, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 87–8, 93, 133, 150, 166, 256
Wessex, house of x-xi, xii-xiii, 42, 43–71, 78, 79–97
Westminster Abbey 64, 77, 86–7, 93, 104, 107, 121, 126, 131, 133, 164, 172, 190, 204, 205, 207, 212, 218, 220, 246, 248, 249, 251, 271, 272, 278, 279, 293, 302, 330, 340, 356, 379, 387, 395, 405, 448, 449, 473, 481, 495
Westminster Hall 126–7, 219, 243, 245, 296, 320, 346, 352, 356, 379, 387, 456, 476, 488, 497
Westminster Palace 85, 86–7, 141, 145, 172, 205, 218, 229–30, 338, 360, 453, 456, 462, 466
West Saxons 18, 47, 60, 61, 64
Whigs 375, 376, 377, 380, 381, 387, 390, 393, 394, 396, 401, 409, 413, 414, 416, 420, 421, 423, 424, 427, 435, 436, 442, 443–4, 451, 454, 455, 457, 458
White Ship 147–8, 151
Whitehall Palace 378, 392, 395, 396–7, 402, 411
Whitgift, William, Archbishop of Canterbury 321–2, 324
Wigot of Wallingford 116
Wilhelm II, Kaiser 465
William I, King of Scotland 193–4
William I, the Conqueror, King xix, 50, 83, 91–2, 94–7, 101–15, 116–21, 123, 128, 129, 131, 132, 378, 393
William II, King 116, 117, 120–30, 131, 136
William III, King 359, 367–8, 399, 407, 408, 422, 432
William IV, King 451–2, 454–7
William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland 427, 428
William of Orange, King 368–9, 374, 375, 378, 388–9, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395–7, 399–405, 406, 407, 420, 427, 473
William of St Calais, Bishop of Durham 123
William Æthling 133, 139, 147–8, 151
William the Clito 138–9, 140, 147
William the Silent 367
William, Prince 493
Wilton Diptych 239
Winchester 54, 62–3, 68, 69, 75, 76, 80, 86, 87, 89, 108, 111, 114, 129, 130, 131, 145, 146, 149, 154, 177, 377
Winchester Cathedral 275, 308
Winchester, Treaty of (1153) 175
Windsor Castle 234, 466, 468, 476
Windsor, house of xviii, 465–500
witan (Anglo-Saxon council) 47, 50, 56, 58, 66, 71, 73, 75, 76, 77, 82, 85, 87, 104, 117, 130
Woden 18, 27, 28, 44
Wolfe, General James 431, 432
Wolsey, Cardinal Thomas 141, 142, 159, 175, 283–5, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290
Worcester, battle of (1651) 348
Wren, Sir Christopher 373, 453
writ 90, 179
Wulfstan, Bishop 70, 73, 112, 122
Wyatt, James 453
Wyatt, Sir Thomas 308, 312
York, house of xiv-xv, 252–5, 257, 262–74, 275, 276
York Minster 251
Yorktown, battle of (1781) 439
ALSO BY DAVID STARKEY
Elizabeth: Apprenticeship
The Reign of Henry VIII: Personalities and Politics
Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII
The Monarchy of England: Volume I, The Beginnings
Monarchy: From the Middle Ages to Modernity
Henry: Virtuous Prince
Copyright
Published by HarperPress in 2010
Copyright © Jutland 2010
The Monarchy of England: Volume I, The Beginnings first published by Chatto and Windus, a division of Random House, 2004
© Jutland 2004
&nbs
p; Monarchy: From the Middle Ages to Modernity first published by HarperPress 2006
© David Starkey 2006
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1
David Starkey asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
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HB ISBN 978-0-00-730770-8
TPB ISBN 978-0-00-730771-5
EPub Edition © 2010 ISBN: 9780007424825
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* The odd form ‘almight’ is to give a rhyme with ‘right’.
Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Family Trees
Houses of Godwin and Wessex
Houses of Normandy, Anjou and the Plantagenets
Houses of York, Lancaster and Tudor
Houses of Tudor, Stuart and the Hanoverians
House of Windsor
Foreword
PART I - BEGINNINGS
Chapter 1 - The Shadow of Rome
Chapter 2 - Christian Kingship
Crown & Country: A History of England Through the Monarchy Page 63
