‘You say true, Deborah,’ said Mrs. Bridget, ‘if the Girl had been one of those vain Trollops, of which we have too many in the Parish, I should have condemned my Brother for his Lenity towards her. I saw two Farmers Daughters at Church, the other Day, with bare Necks. I protest they shock’d me. If Wenches will hang out Lures for Fellows, it is no matter what they suffer. I detest such Creatures; and it would be much better for them, that their Faces had been seamed with the Small-Pox; but I must confess, I never saw any of this wanton Behaviour in poor Jenny; some artful Villain, I am convinced, hath betrayed, nay perhaps forced her; and I pity the poor Wretch with all my Heart.’
Mrs. Deborah approved all these Sentiments, and the Dialogue concluded with a general and bitter Invective against Beauty, and with many compassionate Considerations for all honest, plain Girls, who are deluded by the wicked Arts of deceitful Men.
CHAPTER IX.
Containing Matters which will surprize the Reader.
Jenny returned home well pleased with the Reception she had met with from Mr. Allworthy, whose Indulgence to her she industriously made public; partly perhaps as a Sacrifice to her own Pride, and partly from the more prudent Motive of reconciling her Neighbours to her, and silencing their Clamours.
But though this latter View, if she indeed had it, may appear reasonable enough, yet the Event did not answer her Expectation; for when she was convened before the Justice, and it was universally apprehended, that the House of Correction would have been her Fate; tho’ some of the young Women cry’d out, ‘it was good enough for her,’ and diverted themselves with the Thoughts of her beating Hemp in a Silk Gown;1 yet there were many others who began to pity her Condition: But when it was known in what manner Mr. Allworthy had behaved, the Tide turned against her. One said, ‘I’ll assure you, Madam hath had good Luck.’ A second cry’d, ‘See what it is to be a Favourite.’ A third, ‘Ay, this comes of her Learning.’ Every Person made some malicious Comment or other, on the Occasion; and reflected on the Partiality of the Justice.
The Behaviour of these People may appear impolitic and ungrateful to the Reader, who considers the Power, and the Benevolence of Mr. Allworthy: But as to his Power, he never used it; and as to his Benevolence, he exerted so much, that he had thereby disobliged all his Neighbours: For it is a Secret well known to great Men, that by conferring an Obligation, they do not always procure a Friend, but are certain of creating many Enemies.
Jenny was, however, by the Care and Goodness of Mr. All-worthy, soon removed out of the Reach of Reproach; when Malice, being no longer able to vent its Rage on her, began to seek another Object of its Bitterness, and this was no less than Mr. Allworthy himself; for a Whisper soon went abroad, that he himself was the Father of the foundling Child.
This Supposition so well reconciled his Conduct to the general Opinion, that it met with universal Assent; and the Outcry against his Lenity soon began to take another Turn, and was changed into an Invective against his Cruelty to the poor Girl. Very grave and good Women exclaimed against Men who begot Children and then disowned them. Nor were there wanting some, who, after the Departure of Jenny, insinuated, that she was spirited away with a Design too black to be mentioned, and who gave frequent Hints, that a legal Inquiry ought to be made into the whole Matter, and that some People should be forced to produce the Girl.
These Calumnies might have probably produced ill Consequences (at the least might have occasioned some Trouble) to a Person of a more doubtful and suspicious Character than Mr. Allworthy was blessed with; but in his Case they had no such Effect; and, being heartily despised by him, they served only to afford an innocent Amusement to the good Gossips of the Neighbourhood.
But as we cannot possibly divine what Complexion our Reader may be of, and as it will be some time before he will hear any more of Jenny, we think proper to give him a very early Intimation, that Mr. Allworthy was, and will hereafter appear to be, absolutely innocent of any criminal Intention whatever. He had indeed committed no other than an Error in Politics, by tempering Justice with Mercy, and by refusing to gratify the good-natured Disposition of the Mob,* with an Object for their Compassion to work on in the Person of poor Jenny, whom, in order to pity, they desired to have seen sacrificed to Ruin and Infamy by a shameful Correction in a Bridewell.
So far from complying with this their Inclination, by which all Hopes of Reformation would have been abolished, and even the Gate shut against her, if her own Inclinations should ever hereafter lead her to chuse the Road of Virtue, Mr. Allworthy rather chose to encourage the Girl to return thither by the only possible Means; for too true I am afraid it is, that many Women have become abandoned, and have sunk to the last Degree of Vice by being unable to retrieve the first Slip. This will be, I am afraid, always the Case while they remain among their former Acquaintance; it was therefore wisely done by Mr. Allworthy, to remove Jenny to a Place where she might enjoy the Pleasure of Reputation, after having tasted the ill Consequences of losing it.
To this Place therefore, wherever it was, we will wish her a good Journey, and for the present take Leave of her, and of the little Foundling her Child, having Matters of much higher Importance to communicate to the Reader.
CHAPTER X.
The Hospitality of Allworthy; with a short Sketch of the Characters of two Brothers, a Doctor, and a Captain, who were entertained by that Gentleman.
Neither Mr. Allworthy’s House, nor his Heart, were shut against any Part of Mankind, but they were both more particularly open to Men of Merit. To say the Truth, this was the only House in the Kingdom where you was sure to gain a Dinner by deserving it.
Above all others, Men of Genius and Learning shared the principal Place in his Favour; and in these he had much Discernment: For though he had missed the Advantage of a learned Education, yet being blest with vast natural Abilities, he had so well profited by a vigorous, though late Application to Letters, and by much Conversation with Men of Eminence in this Way, that he was himself a very competent Judge in most Kinds of Literature.
It is no Wonder that in an Age when this Kind of Merit is so little in Fashion, and so slenderly provided for, Persons possessed of it should very eagerly flock to a Place where they were sure of being received with great Complaisance; indeed where they might enjoy almost the same Advantages of a liberal Fortune as if they were entitled to it in their own Right; for Mr. Allworthy was not one of those generous Persons, who are ready most bountifully to bestow Meat, Drink, and Lodging on Men of Wit and Learning, for which they expect no other Return but Entertainment, Instruction, Flattery, and Subserviency; in a Word, that such Persons should be enrolled in the Number of Domestics, without wearing their Master’s Cloaths, or receiving Wages.
On the contrary, every Person in this House was perfect Master of his own Time: And as he might at his Pleasure satisfy all his Appetites within the Restrictions only of Law, Virtue and Religion; so he might, if his Health required, or his Inclination prompted him to Temperance, or even to Abstinence, absent himself from any Meals, or retire from them whenever he was so disposed, without even a Solicitation to the contrary: For indeed, such Solicitations from Superiors always savour very strongly of Commands. But all here were free from such Impertinence, not only those, whose Company is in all other Places esteemed a Favour from their Equality of Fortune, but even those whose indigent Circumstances make such an eleemosynary Abode convenient to them, and who are therefore less welcome to a great Man’s Table because they stand in need of it.
Among others of this Kind was Dr. Blifil, a Gentleman who had the Misfortune of losing the Advantage of great Talents by the Obstinacy of a Father, who would breed him to a Profession he disliked. In Obedience to this Obstinacy the Doctor had in his Youth been obliged to study Physic, or rather to say he studied it; for in reality Books of this Kind were almost the only ones with which he was unacquainted; and unfortunately for him, the Doctor was Master of almost every other Science but that by which he was to get his Bread; the Consequence of whic
h was, that the Doctor at the age of Forty had no Bread to eat.
Such a Person as this was certain to find a Welcome at Mr. Allworthy’s Table, to whom Misfortunes were ever a Recommendation when they were derived from the Folly or Villany of others, and not of the unfortunate Person himself. Besides this negative Merit, the Doctor had one positive Recommendation. This was a great Appearance of Religion. Whether his Religion was real, or consisted only in Appearance, I shall not presume to say, as I am not possessed of any Touchstone, which can distinguish the true from the false.
If this Part of his Character pleased Mr. Allworthy, it delighted Miss Bridget. She engaged him in many religious Controversies; on which Occasions she constantly expressed great Satisfaction in the Doctor’s Knowledge, and not much less in the Compliments which he frequently bestowed on her own. To say the Truth, she had read much English Divinity, and had puzzled more than one of the neighbouring Curates. Indeed her Conversation was so pure, her Looks so sage, and her whole Deportment so grave and solemn, that she seemed to deserve the Name of Saint equally with her Namesake, or with any other Female in the Roman Kalendar.1
As Sympathies of all Kinds are apt to beget Love; so Experience teaches us that none have a more direct Tendency this Way than those of a religious Kind between Persons of different Sexes. The Doctor found himself so agreeable to Miss Bridget, that he now began to lament an unfortunate Accident which had happened to him about ten Years before; namely, his Marriage with another Woman, who was not only still alive, but what was worse, known to be so by Mr. Allworthy. This was a fatal Bar to that Happiness which he otherwise saw sufficient Probability of obtaining with this young Lady; for as to criminal Indulgencies, he certainly never thought of them. This was owing either to his Religion, as is most probable, or to the Purity of his Passion, which was fixed on those Things, which Matrimony only, and not criminal Correspondence, could put him in Possession of, or could give him any Title to.
He had not long ruminated on these Matters, before it occurred to his Memory that he had a Brother who was under no such unhappy Incapacity. This Brother he made no doubt would succeed; for he discerned, as he thought, an Inclination to Marriage in the Lady; and the Reader perhaps, when he hears the Brother’s Qualifications, will not blame the Confidence which he entertained of his Success.
This Gentleman was about 35 Years of Age. He was of a middle Size, and what is called well built. He had a Scar on his Forehead, which did not so much injure his Beauty, as it denoted his Valour (for he was a half-pay Officer.) He had good Teeth, and something affable, when he pleased, in his Smile; though naturally his Countenance, as well as his Air and Voice, had much of Roughness in it, yet he could at any Time deposite this, and appear all Gentleness and good Humour. He was not ungenteel, nor entirely void of Wit, and in his Youth had abounded in Sprightliness, which, though he had lately put on a more serious Character, he could, when he pleased, resume.
He had, as well as the Doctor, an Academic Education; for his Father had, with the same Paternal Authority we have mentioned before, decreed him for holy Orders; but as the old Gentleman died before he was ordained, he chose the Church Military, and preferred the King’s Commission to the Bishop’s.
He had purchased the Post of Lieutenant of Dragoons, and afterwards came to be a Captain; but having quarrelled with his Colonel, was by his Interest obliged to sell; from which Time he had entirely rusticated himself, had betaken himself to studying the Scriptures, and was not a little suspected of an Inclination to Methodism.2
It seemed therefore not unlikely that such a Person should succeed with a Lady of so Saint-like a Disposition, and whose Inclinations were no otherwise engaged than to the married State in general; but why the Doctor, who certainly had no great Friendship for his Brother, should for his Sake think of making so ill a Return to the Hospitality of Allworthy, is a Matter not so easy to be accounted for.
Is it that some Natures delight in Evil, as others are thought to delight in Virtue? Or is there a Pleasure in being accessary to a Theft when we cannot commit it ourselves? Or lastly, (which Experience seems to make probable) have we a Satisfaction in aggrandizing our Families, even tho’ we have not the least Love or Respect for them?
Whether any of these Motives operated on the Doctor we will not determine; but so the Fact was. He sent for his Brother, and easily found Means to introduce him at Allworthy’s as a Person who intended only a short Visit to himself.
The Captain had not been in the House a Week, before the Doctor had Reason to felicitate himself on his Discernment. The Captain was indeed as great a Master of the Art of Love as Ovid was formerly.3 He had besides received proper Hints from his Brother, which he failed not to improve to the best Advantage.
CHAPTER XI.
Containing many Rules, and some Examples, concerning falling in love: Descriptions of Beauty, and other more prudential Inducements to Matrimony.
It hath been observed by wise Men or Women, I forget which, that all Persons are doomed to be in Love once in their Lives. No particular Season is, as I remember, assigned for this; but the Age at which Miss Bridget was arrived, seems to me as proper a Period as any to be fixed on for this Purpose: It often indeed happens much earlier; but when it doth not, I have observed, it seldom or never fails about this Time. Moreover, we may remark that at this Season Love is of a more serious and steady Nature than what sometimes shews itself in the younger Parts of Life. The Love of Girls is uncertain, capricious, and so foolish that we cannot always discover what the young Lady would be at; nay, it may almost be doubted, whether she always knows this herself.
Now we are never at a Loss to discern this in Women about Forty; for as such grave, serious and experienced Ladies well know their own Meaning; so it is always very easy for a Man of the least Sagacity to discover it with the utmost Certainty.
Miss Bridget is an Example of all these Observations. She had not been many Times in the Captain’s Company before she was seized with this Passion. Nor did she go pining and moping about the House, like a puny foolish Girl, ignorant of her Distemper: She felt, she knew, and she enjoyed, the pleasing Sensation, of which, as she was certain it was not only innocent but laudable, she was neither afraid nor ashamed.
And to say the Truth, there is in all Points, great Difference between the reasonable Passion which Women at this Age conceive towards Men, and the idle and childish Liking of a Girl to a Boy, which is often fixed on the Outside only, and on Things of little Value and no Duration; as on Cherry Cheeks, small Lily-white Hands, sloe-black Eyes, flowing Locks, downy Chins, dapper Shapes, nay sometimes on Charms more worthless than these, and less the Party’s own; such are the outward Ornaments of the Person, for which Men are beholden to the Taylor, the Laceman, the Perriwig-maker, the Hatter, and the Milliner, and not to Nature. Such a Passion Girls may well be ashamed, as they generally are, to own either to themselves or to others.
The love of Miss Bridget was of another Kind. The Captain owed nothing to any of these Fop-makers in his Dress, nor was his Person much more beholden to Nature. Both his Dress and Person were such as, had they appeared in an Assembly, or a Drawing room, would have been the Contempt and Ridicule of all the fine Ladies there. The former of these was indeed neat, but plain, coarse, ill-fancied, and out of Fashion. As for the latter, we have expressly described it above. So far was the Skin on his Cheeks from being Cherry-coloured, that you could not discern what the natural Colour of his Cheeks was, they being totally overgrown by a black Beard, which ascended to his Eyes. His Shape and Limbs were indeed exactly proportioned, but so large, that they denoted the Strength rather of a Ploughman than any other. His Shoulders were broad, beyond all Size, and the Calves of his Legs larger than those of a common Chairman.1 In short, his whole Person wanted all that Elegance and Beauty, which is the very reverse of clumsy Strength, and which so agreeably sets off most of our fine Gentlemen; being partly owing to the high Blood of their Ancestors, viz. Blood made of rich Sauces and generous Wines, and partly to a
n early Town Education.
Tho’ Miss Bridget was a Woman of the greatest Delicacy of Taste; yet such were the Charms of the Captain’s Conversation, that she totally over-looked the Defects of his Person. She imagined, and perhaps very wisely, that she should enjoy more agreeable Minutes with the Captain than with a much prettier Fellow; and forewent the Consideration of pleasing her Eyes, in order to procure herself much more solid Satisfaction.
The Captain no sooner perceived the Passion of Miss Bridget, in which Discovery he was very quick-sighted, than he faithfully returned it. The Lady, no more than her Lover, was remarkable for Beauty. I would attempt to draw her Picture; but that is done already by a more able Master, Mr. Hogarth himself, to whom she sat many Years ago, and hath been lately exhibited by that Gentleman in his Print of a Winter’s Morning, of which she was no improper Emblem, and may be seen walking (for walk she doth in the Print) to Covent-Garden Church, with a starved Foot-boy behind carrying her Prayer-book.2
The Captain likewise very wisely preferred the more solid Enjoyments he expected with this Lady, to the fleeting Charms of Person. He was one of those wise Men, who regard Beauty in the other Sex as a very worthless and superficial Qualification; or, to speak more truly, who rather chuse to possess every Convenience of Life with an ugly Woman, than a handsome one without any of those Conveniencies. And having a very good Appetite, and but little Nicety, he fancied he should play his Part very well at the matrimonial Banquet, without the Sauce of Beauty.
The History of Tom Jones (Penguin Classics) Page 11
