Hitler's Foreign Executioners

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Hitler's Foreign Executioners Page 60

by Christopher Hale


  9 See I. Altman & J. Rubenstein (2009), pp. xixff.

  10 See R. Florian, ‘Resurging anti-semitism in Romania’, in Society, Vol. 35, No 1 (November, 1997). http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:NPtGFyDg_PoJ:www.antisemitism.ro/uploads/251/2003-report-on-anti-semitism-in-romania-eng.pdf+modern+romania+anti-semitism&cd=10&hl=de&ct=clnk&gl=de

  11 Judt (2005), pp. 41ff.

  12 Earl (2009), pp. 25ff.

  13 Quoted by Bower (1981, 1995).

  14 Main sources: Margolian (2000), pp. 131ff.; and Cesarani (1992, 2001), pp. 74ff.

  15 Cesarani (1992), pp. 79–81.

  16 Tom Bower, interview for BBC Newsnight, 11 December 1989.

  17 NA UK, FO371/66605.

  18 Bower (1981, 1995), pp. 258ff.

  19 UK NA, FO 371/65754.

  Sources

  Archives (with abbreviations used in Notes)

  Bundesarchiv Berlin-Lichterfelde (BA)

  NS 7

  SS-und Polizeigerichtsbarkeit

  NS 19

  Persönlicher Stab ReichsFührer-SS

  NS 31

  SS-Hauptamt

  NS 34

  SS-Personalhauptamt

  R59

  Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle

  R 70 Belgien

  Polizeidienstellen im Berich des Militäbefehlshabers Belgien und Nordfrankreich

  RS

  Rasse-und Siedlungshauptamt

  Politisches Archiv des Auswärtigen Amtes, Berlin-Mitte (AA/PA)

  Inland II – D

  Angelegenheiten der Waffen-SS

  Inland 11 g

  Verbindung zum Reichsführer-SS

  Handakten Ettel

  Handakten des Staatssekretärs Keppler

  Büro des Staatssekretärs im Auswärtigen Amt

  Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv Freiburg im Breisgau (BA-MA)

  RS 3 1 1. SS-Panzer-Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler

  RS 3 11 11. SS-Freiwilligen-Panzer-Grenadier-Division ‘Nordland’

  RS 3 13 13. Waffen-Gebirgs-Division der SS Handschar

  RS 3 14 14. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (galizische Nr. 1)

  RS 3 15 15. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lettische Nr. 1)

  RS 3 19 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lettische Nr. 2)

  RS 3 2 2. SS-Panzer-Division Das Reich

  RS 3 20 20. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (estnische Nr. 1)

  RS 3 21 21. Waffen-Gebirgs-Division der SS Skanderberg

  RS 3 23 23. SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Division Nederland

  RS 3 25 25. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS Hunyadi (ungarische Nr. 1)

  RS 3 3 3. SS-Panzer-Division Totenkopf

  RS 3 5 5. SS-Panzer-Division ‘Wiking’

  RS 3 6 6. SS-Gebirgs-Division Nord

  RS 3 7 RS 3–7. SS-Freiwilligen-Gebirgs-Division ‘Prinz Eugen’

  RS 3 8 8. SS-Kavallerie-Division ‘Florian Geyer’

  RS 6. Befehlshaber der Waffen-SS

  RS 4 Brigaden, Legionen, Standarten sowie Kampfgruppen und Einheiten der Waffen-SS

  RH 6 Reichminsiterium für die besetzten Ostgebiete

  RS 4 Indische Legion, (Indisches) Infanterie-Regiment 950

  Bundesarchiv-Koblenz (BAK)

  Allg.Proz.21

  Prozesse gegen Deutsche in euopäischen Ausland

  Bundesarchiv Ludwigsburg: Zentrale Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltung (ZStL)

  Records of criminal prosecutions:

  Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski and Warsaw Uprising

  Viktors Arājs

  SS Cavalry Brigades

  Schutzmannschaftsbataillon

  Vojensky Historical Archive, Prague (VHA)

  Btl.d.W-SS z.b.V

  Bataillon der Waffen-SS zur besonderen Verfügung

  Centre for Historical Research on War and Contemporary Society (CEGES-SOMA)

  Archives et Documents de formations de collaboration militaire

  Archives et documents du gouvernement militaire allemand, d’institutions allemande civile et concernant la Wehrmacht

  National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Maryland (NARA) Collection of Captured German Records

  T–77 OKW

  T–78 OKH

  T–120 Auswärtiges Amt

  T–454 Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories

  T–175 Himmler materials

  T 501 Reeder Tätigkeitsberichten, Légion Wallonie

  National Archives of the United Kingdom (NAUK)

  Riga Ghetto Case, FO 1060/598

  German foreign Ministry archives, the Grand Mufti, GFM 33/437

  Disposal of Ukranians, FO 371/57880

  Imperial War Museum, Enemy Document Section, HFD

  HFD. Papers of the Reichsführer-SS: H/10/1 – H/10/81 (Himmler File Document).

  The Hoover Institution Archives (HI)

  East European Collection

  Germany Collection

  Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression: Office of the United States Chief of Counsel for Prosecution of Axis Criminality (NCA)

  Green Series in 4 volumes, including Einsatzgruppen trial.

  Red Series in 6 volumes available online at: http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_Nazi-conspiracy.html

  United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM)

  Military-Historical Institute (Prague) records, 1941–1944: manuscript RG–48.004M

  RG–11.001M.85. Historical Commission of the Reichsführer-SS, Berlin (Fond 701)

  RG–11.001M.85. Historical Commission of the Reichsführer-SS, Berlin (Fond 701)

  RG–06.027. ‘Latvian State Archives KGB Records from Fond 1986 Relating to War Crime Investigations and Trials in Latvia, 1941–1995’

  RG–11.001M.90. Alfred Rosenberg, Nazi ideologue (Fond 641)

  RG–06. War Crimes Investigations and Prosecutions

  Bibliography

  Primary Sources

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  Arad, Y., Shmuel Krakowski, Schmuel Spector & Stella Schossberger, The Einsatzgruppen Reports: Selections from the Dispatches of the Nazi Death Squad’s Campaign against the Jews in the Occupied Territories of the Soviet Union, July 1941–January 1943 (York, 1989).

  Auswartiges Amt, Akten zur deutschen Auswärtigen Politik 1918–1945, Serie D, E (Göttingen, 1974–79).

  Baade, F. (ed.), Unsere Ehre heißt Treue:Kriegstagebuch des Kommandostabes Reichsführer SS, Tätigkeitsberichte d. 1. u. 2. SS-Inf.-Brigade, d. 1. SS-Kav.-Brigade u. von Sonderkommandos d. SS Erschienen, (Europa Verlag, Wien, Frankfurt, 1965).

  Berger, G., Auf dem Wege zum Germanischen Reich: Drei Aufsätze (Berlin, 1943).

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  Brautigam, O., So Hat Es Sich Zugetragen (Verlag Holzner, Wurzburg, 1968).

  Ciano, G., Diary: 1939–1943, trans. R.L. Miller (Phoenix Press, London, 1947).

  Degrelle, L., La Guerre en Prison (Les Editions Ignis, Brussels, 1941).

  ———, Hitler: Born at Versailles (Institute for Historical Review, 1969).

  ———, Letter to the Pope on his Visit to Auschwitz (Historical Review Press, 1979).

  ———, Campaign in Russia: the Waffen SS on the Eastern Front (Crecy, Bristol, 1985).

  ———, Lettres à mon Cardinal: message aux Belge par Otto Skorzeny (1975).

  ———, Meine Abenteuer in Mexiko (Literarisches Institut P. Haas & Cie, Augsburg, 1937).

  ———, J’accuse M. Segers. J’accuse le minister Segres d’être un cumlard, un bankster, un pillard d’épargne et un lâche (Kessel, 1935).

  Dobroszycki, L. & Jeffrey S. Gurock, The Holocaust in the Soviet Union: studies and resources on the destruction of the Jews in the Nazi occupied territories of the USSR, 1941–1945 (New York, 1993).

  Domarus, M. (ed.), Hitler, A., Speeches and Proclamations,
1932–1945 (Wauconda III, Bolchazy-Carducci, 1990).

  Friedlander, H. & Sybil Milton, Archives of the Holocaust: an international collection of selected documents (New York, 1995).

  Gigliotti, S. & B. Lang (eds), The Holocaust: a Reader (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, London, 2005).

  Halder, F., The Halder War Diary 1939–1942, ed. Charles Burdick & Hans-Adolf Jacobsen (Greenhill, London, 1988).

  Himmler, H., Der Dienstkalender Heinrich Himmlers: 1941–1942 (Christians, Hamburg, 1999).

  ———, Geheimreden 1933 bis 1945 und andere Ansprachen, ed. Bradley F. Smith & Agnes Peterson (Propyläen Verlag, 1974).

  ———, Die Schutzstaffel als antibolshewistische Kampforganisation (Zentral Verlag der NSDAP, München, 1936).

  ———, Festgabe für Heinrich Himmler (Wittich Verlag, Darmstadt, 1941).

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  ———, Hitler’s War Directives, 1939–1945, ed. H. Trevor-Roper (Sidgwick & Jackson, London, 1964).

  ———, Monologue im Führerhauptquartier 1941–1944: Die Aufzeichnungen Heinrich Heims, ed. W. Jochmann (Hamburg, 1980).

  ———, Hitler’s Table Talk, 1941–1944, trans. Norman Cameron (Phoenix Press, London, 2000).

  ———, Hitlers Briefe und Notizen. Sein Weltbild in handschriftlichen Dokumenten, ed. Stocker Maser (Graz, 2002).

  Hopp, G., Mufti-Papiere. Briefe, Memoranden, Reden und Aufrufe Amin al Husainis aus dem Exil, 1940–1945, ed. G. Hopp (Klaus Schwarz Verlag, Berlin, 2001).

  Klee, E., W. Dressen & Volker Riess, Those were the Days: the Holocaust as Seen by the Perpetrators and Bystanders, trans. Deborah Burnstone (London, 1988).

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  Neitzel, Sönke, Tapping Hitler’s Generals: Transcripts of Secret Conversations, 1942–45 (Barneley, St Paul, Ms., 2007).

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  Rubenstein, Joshua & Ilya Altman (eds), The Unknown Black Book: The Holocaust in Soviet occupied Territories (Indiana University Press, Bloomington IN, 2008).

  Sauer, K., Die Verbrchen der Waffen-SS, Eine Dokumentation der VVN-Bund der Antifaschisten (Röderberg-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1997).

  Schellenberg, W., The Memoirs of Walther Schellenberg (Harper & Bros, New York, 1956).

  Silgailis, A., The Latvian Legion (R. James Bender Publishing, 1986).

  Steding, C., Das Reich und die Krankheit der europäischen Kultur (Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt, Hamburg, 1942).

  Selected Secondary Sources

  Abshagen, K., Canaris (Hutchinson, London, 1956).

  Ailsby, C., Hitler’s Renegades: Foreign Nationals in the Service of the Third Reich (Spellmount, Staplehurst, Kent, 2004).

  Alexander, S., The Triple Myth: A Life of the Archbishop Alojzije Stepinac (Columbia University Press, East European Monographs, Boulder, New York, 1987).

  Almond, M., Europe’s Backyard War (London, 1994).

  Altschuler, M., Soviet Jewry on the Eve of the Holocaust: A Social and Demographic Profile (Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 1998).

  Aly, G., Final Solution: Nazi Population Policy and the Murder of the European Jews, trans. A.B. Belinda Cooper (Oxford University Press, New York, 1999).

  Andreyev, C., Vlasov and the Russian Liberation Movement: Soviet Reality and Emigre Theories (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987).

  Arad, Y., Bełżec, Sobibór, Treblinka: the Operation Reinhardt Death Camps (Indiana University Press, 1999).

  ———, Ghetto in Flames: the Struggle and Destruction of the Jews in Vilna in the Holocaust (Yad Vashem Jerusalem, 1980).

  Armstrong, J., Ukrainian Nationalism (Columbia University Press, New York, London, 1955).

  Aron, I., Fallen Leaves: Stories of the Holocaust and the Partisans (Shengold, New York, 1981).

  Ashton, H.S., The Netherlands at War (Routledge, London, 1941).

  Bankier, David & Israel Gutman, Nazi Europe and the Final Solution (Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 2003).

  Barros, J. & R. Gregor, Double Deception: Stalin, Hitler and the Invasion of Russia (Northern Illinois University Press, DeKalb, 1995).

  Bartov, O., The Eastern Front: 1941–1945: German Troops and the Barbarisation of Warfare (New York, 1985).

  Bartov, O., Atina Grossmann & Mary Nolan (eds), Crimes of War: Guilt and Denial in the 20th Century (The New Press, New York, 2002).

  Bellamy, C., Absolute War: Soviet Russia in the Second World War (Macmillan, London, 2007).

  Berkhoff, K., Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in the Ukraine under Nazi Rule (Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 2004).

  Berkhoff, K. & M. Carynnyk, ‘The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and Its Attitude towards Germany and Jews: Iaroslav Stets’ko’s 1941 Zhyttiepys’, in Harvard Ukrainian Studies, Vol. XXIII, No 3/4 (1999), pp. 149–84.

  Biber, D., ‘The Yugoslav Coup d’Etat, 27th March 1941’, in J. Erickson & D. Dilks (eds), Barbarossa: The Axis and the Allies (Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1994).

  Biddiscombe, P., The SS Hunter Battalions: the Hidden History of the Nazi Resistance Movement 1944–45 (Tempus, Stroud, 2006).

  Birn, R.B., ‘Collaboration with Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe: the Case of the Estonian Security Police’, in Contemporary European History, Vol. 10, No 2 (2001).

  Blackbourn, D., The Conquest of Nature: Water, Landscape and the Making of Modern Germany (Cambridge, 2006).

  Blau, G.E., The German Campaign in Russia: Planning and Operations 1940–42 (Department of the Army, Washington, 1955).

  Bloch, M, Ribbentrop (Abacus, 1994).

  Blood, Philip W., Hitler’s Bandit Hunters: the SS and the Nazi occupation of Europe (Potomac Books Inc., Washington DC, 2006).

  Bloxham, D., Genocide on Trial: War Crimes Trials and the Formation of Holocaust History and Memory (Oxford, 2001).

  Boog, H., Gerhard Krebs & Detlef Vogel, Germany and the Second World War, Vol 4: The Attack on the Soviet Union (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990) (Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt).

  Bower, T., Blind Eye to Murder: Britain, America and the Purging of Nazi Germans – A Pledge Betrayed (London 1981, 1995).

  Braham, R., The Politics of Genocide: The Holocaust in Hungary (New York, 1993).

  Brandon, R. & Wendy Lower (eds), The Shoah in Ukraine: History, Testimony, Memorialization (Indiana University Press and USHMM, 2008).

  Brebeck, W.E. & K. Huser, Wewelsburg 1933–1945: A Cult and Terror Centre of the SS, trans. R. Benson (Landesbildstelle Westfalen, Münster, 2000).

  Breitman, R., The Architect of Genocide: Himmler and the Final Solution (Knopf, New York, 1991).

  Browder, George C., Foundations of the Nazi Police State: the Formation of Sipo and SD (Lexington, 1990).

  ———, Hitler’s Enforcers: The Gestapo and the SS Security Service in the Nazi Revolution (New York, Oxford, 1996).

  Browning, C.R., The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939–March, 1942 (University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 2004).

  ———, Collected Memories: Holocaust History and Post-war Testimony (University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, 2003).

  ———, The Final Solution and the German Foreign Office: a Study of Referat DIII of Abteilung Deutschland (New York, 1978).

  ———, ‘The Wehrmacht in Serbia Revisited’, in Bartov et al. (2002)
.

  Bruyne, E. & M. Rikmenspoel, For Rex and for Belgium: Leon Degrelle and the Walloon Political and Military Collaboration 1940–1945 (Helion & Co., London, 2003).

  Brozsat, M., Anatomy of the SS State (New York, 1968).

  Burgers, N., Holland under the Nazi Heel (Stockwell, 1958).

  Burleigh, M., Germany Turns Eastward: A study of Ostforschung in the Third Reich (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988).

  ———, The Third Reich (London, 2002).

  Burleigh, M. & W. Wippermann, The Racial State: Germany 1933–1945 (Cambridge, 1991).

  Buss, P. & A. Mollo, Hitler’s Germanic Legions: an Illustrated History of the Western European Legions with the SS, 1941–1943 (Macdonald & Jane’s, London, 1978).

  Butnaru, I.C., The Silent Holocaust: Romania and its Jews (Greenwood Press, New York, 1992).

  Carp, M., Holocaust in Romania: Facts and Documents on the Annihilation of Romania’s Jews 1940–1944, trans. S. Murphy (Simon Publications, Safety Harbor, Fl., 2000).

  Carrell, P., Hitler Moves East, 1941–1944 (Little, Brown, Boston, 1964).

  Cecil, R., The Myth of the Master Race: Alfred Rosenberg and Nazi Ideology (B.T. Batsford Ltd, London, 1972).

  Cesarani, D., Justice Delayed: How Britain became a Refuge for Nazi War Criminals (Mandarin, London, 1992).

  ——— (ed.), The Final Solution: Origins and Implementation (London, 1994).

  Clark, A., Barbarossa: The Russian German Conflict 1941–1945 (Cassell, London, 1965).

  Conway, M., Collaboration in Belgium: Leon Degrelle and the Rexist Movement 1940–1944 (Yale University Press, Newhaven, London, 1993).

  Cookridge, E., Gehlen: Spy of the Century (London, 1972).

  Cooper, M., The Phantom War: the German Struggle against Soviet Partisans (London, 1979).

  ———, The German Army 1933–1945: Its Political and Military Failure (Scarborough House, Lanham MD, 1990).

  Cowgill, A., The Repatriations from Austria: the Report of an Enquiry (London, 1990).

  Cüppers, M., Wegbereiter der Shoah: Die Waffen-SS, der Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS und die Judenvernichtung 1939–1945 (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 2005).

  Czerniakov, A., The Warsaw Diary of Adam Czerniakov (London, 1999).

 

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