by Martin Booth
Kintex/KoKintex
Koechlin, Consul-general
Kokang district
Kolb, Dr Lawrence
Kong island
Koo, Mme Wellington
Koreans
Kowloon
Kriangsak, General
Kronprinzessin Cecilie (ship)
Kung, Prince bis
Kunming
Kuomintang (KMT)
passim
Kurdish areas
Kut Sang, SS
Kwangtung province
Kweichow
Kyi, Aung San Suu
Kyrgyzstan
La Marr, Barbara
La Motte, Ellen
The Ethics of Opium
Ladies’ Sanitary Association
Lafargue, Dr
Lagos
Lahore
Lahu tribe
Lahu National Liberation Army (LNLA)
Laloy, Louis
Le Livre de la Fumée
Lancet, The
Lang Son area
Lanrick (clipper)
Lansky, Meyer
lanthopine
Lao Development Air Service
Laos
see also Golden Triangle, notably
Laotian Opium Administration
Laredo
Larne, HMS (sloop)
Las Vegas
Lascars
Latin America/ns
laudanine
laudanosine
laudanum
compared with morphine
types
Battley’s drops
Josephi Michaelis
Paracelsus’s
Sydenham’s
users, famous
La Verne, Dr Albert A.
League of Nations
Advisory Committee on … Opium
Lebanon passim, bis
‘Lebanese Gold’ (hashish)
Lee, Christopher
Lee, Harper
To Kill a Mockingbird
Lee Sing Company
Leigh, John
Experimental inquiry into the properties of opium
Lester, Muriel
Levant Company
Levinstein, Dr Edward
Die Morphiumsucht (The Morbid Craving for Morphia)
levomethadyl acetate
Lewin, Professor Louis
Phantastica
Li Mah (gangster)
Li Ting
The Introduction to Medicine
Li Wen-huan, General
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lima
Lin Chien-pang (gangster)
Lin Mingxian (communist leader)
Lin Tse-hsu (commissioner)
Lin Wei-hsi (peasant)
Linnaeus
linolic acid
Lintin Island (Neilingding Dao)
Lintin (ship)
Liquifruita Medica
Lisu tribe
Little, E.S.
Liverpool
Lo Hsing-han (warlord)
Lo Hsing-min (warlord)
Lockerbie bombing
‘Loimaw bandits’ see Mong Tai Army
London
London Pharmacopoeia (1788)
London, Professor Edythe
Ling Binh
Long Sutton
Long Tieng
Longfellow, Henry
lorchas (sailing vessels)
Los Angeles
Louisa (cutter)
Lowe Countries
Lowe, Dr Christopher
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
Luciano, Charles ‘Lucky’ (Salvatore C. Luciana)
Ludlow, Fitzhugh
Lugard, Sir Frederick
Lui Lok, Sergeant
Luxembourg
Lysis
Lytton, Bulwer
M50/50 (Revivon)
M99 (Immobilon)
Ma Sik-chun (‘Golden Ma’)
Ma Sik-yu (‘White Powder Ma’)
Macartney, Lord
Macau
foundation of colony
in colonial times
money laundering
opium smoking
opium smuggling
McCarthy, Senator
McCoy, Alfred W.
The Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia
Macedonia
Macfarlan Smith & Co.
MacKay, Captain
Madagascar
Madhya Pradesh
Madras
Madrid
Mafia
American
associates of
money laundering by
smashing of
in Armenia
in Australia
in Balkans
in Russia and CIS
Italian
Ndrangheta
Sacra Corona Unita
Sicilian
Sicilian Connection
Magellan, Ferdinand
Magendie, François
Formulary for … Several New Remedies
Mahaban Mountains
Maimi
Malacca
malaria
Malaya/Malaysia
addiction cure
coolie immigrants in Malay peninsula
legislation
Malayan in De Quincey’s dreams
revenue
Triads in
Mallinckrodt Laboratories
Malta
Malwa
Manchester bis
Manchester Guardian
Manchu Penal Code
Manchuria
Mang Tang Wu (village)
Manila
Mao Zedong, Chairman
Maratha states
Marcus Aurelius
marijuana
Marseilles
Martinique
Massacre of Innocents, The (tract)
Matheson, Donald
Matheson, James
Mauritius
May, Earl of
Mayer, Surgeon Major Nathan
Mazatlan
Mazeppa (clipper)
Mecone (city of poppies)
meconic acid
meconidine
meconion
Medellin cartel
Melbourne
Merck (chemist)
Merope (ship)
mescaline
Mesopotamia
methadone
methedrine
Mexico
crop eradication
‘Mexican federation’ (drug barons)
Mexicans in Guatemala
money laundering
opium output
quality and types of Mexican drugs
smuggling to USA
Miami
Middle East
Milan
missionaries
Christians linked to opium
Jackie Pullinger
Jesuits
Karl Gutzlaff
others
Misuse of Drugs Act (UK 1971)
Mitcham
Mithridates
mithridatum
Mogul Empire
Mon tribe
Mon National State Army (MNSA)
money laundering
Britain
Bulgaria
Cali cartels
Eastern Europe
‘Fast Eddie’
Lebanon
Milan
Pakistan
Puerto Rico
USA
world legislation
Yugoslavia, former
Mong Tai Army (MTA)
Mongolia
monopolies
Montauk
Moore, Dr William J.
Morocco
Morpheus (god of sleep)
morphine
999 trademark
addiction
bacterium that eats it
comparisons
morphine content of types of opium
morphine and other alkaloids
morp
hine and other drugs
controls
description
discovery
heroin preferred to
medicinal use
methods of taking
in ‘cocktails’
injection
pills
name
poisoning by
preferred to opium
production
products used in cutting
quantities produced
smuggling
supposed cure for opium addiction
Morrison, Robert
Moses
movies see film industry
Mowqua (merchant)
Mrs Winslow’s Soothing Syrup
mui tsai (sale of girls)
Mujaheddin
mule trains
‘mules’ (people) see couriers
Mundelein, Cardinal
The Danger of Hollywood: A Warning to Young Girls (pamphlet)
Munich
Muslims/Islam
Mussolini, Benito
Myanmar see Burma
N-methylcyclopropylnorxymorphone
naloxone
Namoa
Nangarhar province
Napier, Lord William
narceine
Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act (US 1922)
narcotine (noscapine)
National Anti-Opium Bureau/Opium Suppression Committee (China)
National Institute of Drug Abuse (USA)
National Narcotics Intelligence Consumers Committee (USA)
National Socialist Council of Nagaland
NATO
Ndrangheta (Mafia)
Ne Win, President (of Burma)
Nembutal
Nepal
nepenthe
Nero
Nerval, Gerard de
Netherlands/Dutch
Nevada
New Delhi
New Hampshire
New York
addiction
Chinese and Japanese gangs
opium dens (1920s)
Pleasant Avenue Connection
smuggling into
New Zealand
Newman, Dr J.P.
Newsweek (magazine)
Ng Sik-ho (‘Limpy Ho’)
Ng-a-Choy (speaker against opium)
Ngo Dinh Diem, Prime Minister
Nicaragua
nicotine
Nigeria
Ningpo
nitrous oxide
Nixon, President
Nonsuch (ship)
Noriega, General Manuel
Normand, Mabel
North-West Frontier Province
Northern Ireland
noscapine (narcotine)
Nottingham
Nye (merchant)
Nyswander, Marie
Oakland, California
Offences Against the Person Act (UK 1861)
Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement (USA)
Office for Drug Abuse Prevention (USA)
Office of National Narcotics Intelligence (USA)
Okpebie, Sabinus Knem (Ibbinije Obasa Nepoleon)
Old Delhi
Old Man of the Mountain (Persian myth)
oleic acid
Oliphant & Co.
Omega (ship)
On Leong triad
Operation X (French Indo–China)
opiates
chemically defined
‘cocktails’
semi-synthetic
synthetic
opioids
opium
see also addiction, poppies
composition and derivatives
cultivation and processing
divans (dens)
effects
alters perception
calmness
dreams/visions
sexual
desire/potency allegedly increased
desire suppressed
orgasmic sensation
shortens life expectancy
‘soul rubbed down with silk’
wasting away
‘white opium night’
history
early use
15th–18th centuries
Romantic period
17th-early 19th centuries
19th–20th centuries
Britain
China and Hong Kong
Opium Wars
USA
‘Jesus-Opium’
means of taking
early experiments
eating
eating vs smoking
injection
passive consumption
smoking
smoking with tobacco
medicinal uses
ancient world passim
anaesthetic/pre-surgery
diarrhoea and dysentery
painkiller
patent medicines
myths
the switch to heroin
Opium Ordinance (Hong Kong)
Opium Suppression of Shanghai (aeroplane)
Opium War, First
Opium War, Second
Oporinus
Orient Express
Ormsby Gore, Alice
Osgood, Dr D.W.
Osler, Sir William
Ottoman Empire
oxynarcotine
Pacific Rim
Paderborn
Pakistan/is
money laundering
opium output
rejects Paris Protocol
in USA
Palermo
Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO)
Palestinians
Pall Mall Gazette
Palmerston, Lord
palmitic acid
Panama
Papaver bracteatum (poppy)
Papaver setigerum (poppy)
Papaver somniferum (opium poppy)
papaverine
Papyrus of Ebers
Paracelsus
paracetamol
Paraguay
Pardo-Bolland, Salvador
paregoric
Paris
Paris Protocol (1948)
Parsees
patent medicines
Pathans
Pathet Lao militia bis, bis
Patna
Pearl River
peasant farmers
Peking
Beijing Conference
Peking and Tiensin Times
Pelletier, Pierre Joseph
Penang
Pepsi-Cola
Pereira, Dr Jonathan
Perkins & Company
Permanent Central Opium Board (UN)
Persia
ancient
19th–20th centuries
quality of Persian opium
Persian Gulf
Peru
pethidine
peyote
Phaktiphat, General Thanat
Phao, General
pharmaceutical industry
Pharmacy Act (UK 1868)
Philippines
Philippines Opium Commission
philonium
Phnom Penh
Phouma, Souvanna, son of
Picasso, Pablo
Pierce, F.M.
pipes
heroin
opium
piracy
Pizza Connection
Plassey
Platerus of Basle
Pleasant Avenue Connection
Pliny the Elder
Pneumatic Institution
Poe, Edgar Allen
poisoning by drugs
Poisons and Pharmacy Act (UK 1868)
Poland
police
British
Gibraltar
Hong Kong
USA
Polo, Marco
Pomet (druggist to Louis XIV)
poppies
botanical classification
culinary use
poppy-head tea
cultivation
g
rowing
harvesting
in Britain
in Colombia
in Golden Triangle
eradication/crop substitution
Burma
CIS
Laos
Mexico
Mongolia
Thailand
UN projects
legal production
as symbol
poppy acid see meconic acid
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
Portuguese
postal services used in smuggling
Pottinger, Sir Henry bis
Poulenc, Francis
Powhattan, USS
Pravaz, Charles-Gabriel
Prem, General
Presidential Commission on Narcotic and Drug Abuse (US 1963)
President’s Commission on Organised Crime (US)
Presley, Elvis
prices and profits
see also money laundering
Burma
China
Far East
French Indo–China passim
Hong Kong
India
Japan
Mexico
Pakistan
Peru
Philippines
Turkey, compensation paid to
USA
DEA statistics
world
prickly ash bark
Prince de Neufchatel (clipper)
prisons
Prospero Alpino
prostitutes
protocols against drugs
protopine
prussic acid
pseudo-morphine
Pseudomonas putida M10 (bacterium)
psychotherapy for addicts
Pu Yi, Elizabeth (Empress Wan Jung)
Pu Yi, Henry (Emperor Hsuan Tung)
Public Health Service (US)
Puerto Rico/Ricans
Pullinger, Jackie
Punta Diamante
Purchas, Samuel
Purchas His Pilgrimage
Pure Food and Drugs Act (US 1906)
pyridine-phenanthrene alkaloids
Quakers
Joseph Rowntree
Quang, General Dang Van
racism
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organisations (RICO) statute
Radiguet, Raymond
Rafsanjani, President Hashemi
Ragged Rag-Time Girls
Rajasthan
Randolph, John
Rangoon
Rattikone, General Ouane
Rattler, HMS
Red Rover (clipper)
Reed, Lou
Reid, Florence
Reid, Wallace
Revivon (M50/50)
Rhazes
rhoeadine
Richard, Keith
RICO statute
Rimbaud, Arthur
Rio Grande
Robinson, Sir George
Robiquet (chemist)
rock musicians
Rodriguez-Orejuela, Gilberto and Miguel
Rohmer, Sax (Arthur Ward)
Rolleston, Sir Henry/Rolleston Committee
Rollinat, Maurice
Rolling Stones (pop group)
Romania/ns
Romantic Revival
Rome
ancient
modern
Roosevelt, President
Rosal, Maurice
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel
Rousseau’s Black Drops
‘Route 66’ (song)
Rowntree, Joseph
Royal Commission on Opium in India (UK 1895)
Royal Laotian Army
Royal Navy
Rubens, Alma
Russell & Co.
Russell, Dr
History of Aleppo
Russia/ns
see also USSR
addiction
and Afghanistan bis
and Declaration of Basle
