26. A FATHER IS BEATEN TO DEATH
1. Sigmund Freud, “A Child Is Being Beaten” (1919), Penguin Freud Library, vol. 10, On Psychopathology, trans. James Strachey, ed. Angela Richards (London: Penguin, 1993), 159–94.
2. Sigmund Freud, Totem and Taboo, trans. James Strachey (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1999), 1912.
3. “Urfantasien.” Cf. “Un cas de paranoïa qui contredisait la théorie psychanalytique de cette affection” (1915), in Revue Française de Psychanalyse 8, no. 1 (1935): 2–11.
4. John 14:7–12.
5. Cf. Friedrich Nietzsche, The Anti-Christ, trans. H. L. Mencken, (1920; Tucson: Sharp, 1999).
6. Testimonies, 52, CW 1:414.
7. Testimonies, 29, CW 1:401.
8. Cf. Gilles Deleuze, “Coldness and Cruelty,” in Masochism, trans. Charles Stivale (New York: Zone, 1989).
9. Cf. Julia Kristeva, “The Two-Faced Oedipus,” in Colette, trans. Jane Marie Todd, European Perspectives: A Series in Social Thought and Cultural Criticism (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005), 408–19.
10. Charles Baudelaire, “Recueillements,” in Les fleurs du mal. “Sous le fouet du Plaisir, ce bourreau sans merci” is rendered most literally in William Aggeler’s translation (The Flowers of Evil, Fresno, Calif.: Academy Library Guild, 1954): “under the scourge / Of Pleasure, that merciless torturer.”
11. John of the Cross, “Spiritual Canticle” and “More Stanzas Applied to Spiritual Things on Christ and the Soul,” in The Collected Works of St. John of the Cross, trans. Kieran Kavanaugh and Otilio Rodriguez (Washington, D.C.: Institute of Carmelite Studies, 1973), 712, 723.
12. Pierre Klossowski, Such a Deathly Desire, trans. Russell Ford (State University of New York Press, 2007), 67: “a transgression of language by language”; see also Roberte ce soir and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, trans. Austryn Wainhouse (Urbana, Ill.: Dalkey Archive Press, 2002).
13. Mark 15:34.
14. Paul of Tarsus: “Christ died for us” (Rom. 5:8); “Christ died for our sins” (1 Cor. 15:3).
15. Deleuze, “Coldness and Cruelty,” 116.
16. G. W. F. Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion, ed. Peter Hodgson (Oxford: 2006), 3:219.
17. Nietzsche, Anti-Christ, 5.
18. Cf. “Le hiatus comme ultime Parole de Dieu,” in André-Marie Ponnou-Delaffon, La théologie de Baltasar (Les Plans sur Bex, Switzerland: Parole et Silence, 2005), 129–32; and Urs von Balthasar, La gloire et la croix, vol. 3, part 2, La Nouvelle Alliance (Paris: Aubier, 1975).
19. Meister Eckhart, The Complete Mystical Works of Meister Eckhart, trans. and ed. Maurice O’C. Walshe (New York: Crossroad, 2009), 424.
20. Benedict de Spinoza, The Ethics (1677), part V, proposition 35, translated from the Latin by R. H. M. Elwes, projectgutenberg.org/files/3800/3800-h/3800-h.htm. Released February 1, 2003. Accessed April 3, 2012.
21. Philippe Sollers, Guerres secrètes (Paris: Carnets Nord, 2007): “D’après la révolution opérée par la Contre-Réforme…”
27. A RUNAWAY GIRL
1. Louise Bourgeois, “Entretien entre Louise Bourgeois, Suzanne Pagé, Béatrice Parent,” in Louise Bourgeois, Sculptures, environnements, dessins, 1938–1995, catalog of Musée d’Art Moderne, Paris, 1995 (my translation—LSF); various quotations also taken from Louise Bourgeois, Destruction of the Father/Reconstruction of the Father: Writings and Interviews, 1923–1997, ed. Hans-Ulrich Obrist and Marie-Laure Bernadac (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1998).
2. Christopher Marlowe, Hero and Leander, I, 167–68, in Complete Works (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973), 2:435.
3. Julia Kristeva, The Female Genius, II: Melanie Klein, trans. Ross Guberman (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004).
4. Julia Kristeva, Murder in Byzantium, trans. C. Jon Delogu (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005).
5. John of the Cross, Ascent of Mount Carmel, book 2, chap. 31, trans. and ed. E. Allison Peers (Tunbridge Wells, U.K.: Burns & Oates, 1983), 205: “It is as if Our Lord were to say formally to the soul: ‘Be thou good’; it would then substantially be good.”
6. Life, 15:8, CW 1:143–44.
7. William Blake, Complete Writings (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972), 71: “To Nobodaddy.”
8. Robert Storr, Paulo Herkenhoff, and Allan Schwartzman, Louise Bourgeois (London: Phaidon, 2003), 24.
9. Cf. Marcel Proust, “Time Regained,” in In Search of Lost Time, trans. and with an introduction and notes by Peter Collier, ed. Christopher Prendergast (London: Penguin, 2002), 6:292–321.
28. “GIVE ME TRIALS, LORD; GIVE ME PERSECUTIONS”
1. Letter 253, to Juana de Ahumada, August 8, 1578, CL 2:89.
2. Way, 12:1, CW 2:81.
3. Medit., 7:8, CW 2:259.
4. Ibid.
5. Testimonies, 46, CW 1:412; Seville, second half of 1575. Michel de Goedt writes: “Christ treated her as a spouse and a sovereign, and granted her the freedom to make use of his own property, the most precious good of all, his Passion” (“La prière de l’école de Thérèse d’Avila aujourd’hui,” in Recherches et expériences spirituelles, lectures edited by the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris, 1982). Note that in Spanish, the terms chosen by the writer are laden with sensuality. Thus señorío means “mastery over something,” as though one were a seigneur, lord or owner. “Power,” “conquest,” “taming,”—señorío is the “dominion” I exercise over you as much as the “demesne belonging to a feudal lord.” Likewise, alivio denotes “the relief or cure for an illness,” the “alleviation of fatigue, of bodily sickness, of spiritual affliction”; the result of an “elimination of a burden or trouble.” Alivio conveys “easing,” “abatement,” “solace.”
6. Medit., 7:1, CW 2:256.
7. For the testimonies gathered as evidence for the beatification and canonization of St. Teresa, see Gillian Alghren, Teresa of Avila and the Politics of Sanctity (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998), 154 et seq.
8. Way, 7:8, CW 2:70: “I would not want you to be like women.”
9. Way, 38:8, CW 2:181 (paraphrased): “And so as to reign more sublimely it understands that the above-mentioned way [suffering] is the true way.”
10. For the cucumber anecdote, see Marcelle Auclair, La vie de sainte Thérèse d’Avila (Paris: Seuil, 1950), 140.
11. Letter 92, to Jerome Gratian, October 1575, CL 1:233.
12. Ibid., 234.
13. Letter 248, to Mother María de San José, June 4, 1578, CL 2:80.
14. Found., 7:4, CW 3:135–36. The original passage in its entirety runs as follows: “Si no bastaren palabras, sean castigos; si no bastaren pequeños, sean grandes; si no bastare un mes de tenerlas encarceladas, sean cuatro: que no pueden hacer mayor bien a sus almas. Porque, como queda dicho y lo torno a decir (porque importa para las mismas entenderlo, aunque alguna vez, o veces, no puedan más consigo), como no es locura confirmada de suerte que disculpe para la culpa, aunque algunas veces lo sea, no es siempre, y queda el alma en mucho peligro; sino estando—como digo—la razón tan quitada que la haga fuerza, hace lo que, cuando no podía más, hacía o decía. Gran misericordia es de Dios a los que da este mal, sujetarse a quien los gobierne, porque aquí está todo su bien, por este peligro que he dicho. Y, por amor de Dios, si alguna leyere esto, mire que le importa por ventura la salvación.”
15. Way, 19:4, CW 2:108.
16. Const., 24, CW 3:327.
17. Const., 26, CW 3:327.
18. Const., 44, CW 3:448.
19. Way, 19:9, CW 2:111.
20. Way, 19: 9–11, CW 2:111–12.
21. Const., 44, CW 3:448.
22. Letter 161, to Mariano de San Benito, December 12, 1576, CL 1:430–31.
23. Testimonies, 53:1, CW 1:415.
24. Testimonies, 54, CW 1:416.
25. Letter 108, to Jerome Gratian, June 15, 1576, CL 1:280.
26. Life, 21:11, CW 1:190.
27. Way, 15:1, CW 2:91.
28. Letter 182, to Lorenzo de Cepeda, Feb
ruary 10, 1577, CL 1:494.
29. Life, 13:4, CW 1:124.
30. Life, 13:7, CW 1:126.
31. Life, 13:5, CW 1:125.
32. Way, 39:3, CW 2:190.
33. Found., 28:21–34, CW 3:258–63.
34. Testimonies, 19, CW 1:394.
35. Testimonies, 17, CW 1:394.
36. Life, 22:15, CW 1:199.
37. Life, 22:16, CW 1:199.
38. Life, 22:10, CW 1:195.
29. “WITH THE EARS OF THE SOUL”
1. See Julia Kristeva, “The Semiotic and the Symbolic,” in Revolution in Poetic Language, trans. Margaret Waller (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984), 19–106.
2. Testimonies, 58, CW 1:423.
3. Sigmund Freud, Totem and Taboo, trans. James Strachey (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1999), 153.
4. VI D, 2:6, CW 2:369.
5. VI D, 2:7, CW 2:369.
6. VI D, 3:12, CW 2:375.
7. Life, 20:12–14, CW 1:177–78.
8. Melanie Klein, Collected Writings of Melanie Klein, vol. 1, Love, Guilt and Reparation: And Other Works 1921–1945 (London: Hogarth, 1975); Julia Kristeva, The Female Genius, II: Melanie Klein, trans. Ross Guberman (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004).
9. Life, 20:16. English version, CW 1:179: “In this pain the soul is purified and fashioned or purged like gold in the crucible so that the enameled gifts might be placed there in a better way, and in this prayer it is purged of what otherwise it would have to be purged of in purgatory.”
10. Life, 20:18, CW 1:180.
11. VI D, 9:4, CW 2:412.
12. VI D, 3:5, CW 2:372.
13. VI D, 3:7, CW 2:373.
14. VI D, 9:5–7, CW 2:412.
15. Testimonies, 52, CW 1:414–15.
16. Way, 11:2, CW 2:80.
17. Way, 11:3, CW 2:80.
18. Way, 11:4, CW 2:81.
19. Life, 7:11, CW 1:88.
20. Life, 7:10, CW 1:87. For Teresa’s encouragement of her father’s faith and growing closeness to him at the end of his life, see Life, 7:10–16.
21. Life, 22:3, CW 1:192.
22. Life, 22:6, 8, CW 1:193–95.
23. Way, 19:2, 4, CW 2:107, 108.
24. VI D, 3:5, CW 2:372.
25. VI D, 3:6, CW 2:373.
26. Testimonies, 51, CW 1:414.
27. Denis Diderot, Elements of Physiology, from “Notes for Elements of Physiology, probably in preparation for a larger work on the nature of man,” quoted in Jim Herrick, Against the Faith (New York: Prometheus, 1985), 84. (Passage from the “Conclusion” not included in Diderot, Interpreter of Nature: Selected Writings, ed. J. Kemp [New York: Lawrence and Wishart, 1963], the only place that seems to contain the Elements in English.)
28. Way, 31:9, CW 2:157.
29. Way, 24:4, CW 2:129.
30. Life, 14:5, CW 1:135.
31. VII D, 2:7, CW 2:435–36.
32. VII D, 2:9–10, CW 2:436–37. (Translation modified.)
33. I D, 1:5, CW 2:285.
30. ACT 1: HER WOMEN
1. V D, 1:4, CW 2:336–37.
2. I D, 2:7, CW 2:290.
3. Way, 28:10, CW 2:144.
4. IV D, 2:2, CW 2:323.
5. Testimonies, 58, CW 1:424.
6. VII D, 3:2, CW 2:438.
7. Found., 12, CW 3:156–60.
8. Found., 12:6, CW 3:158–59.
9. Found., 5:10, CW 3:120.
10. Life, 40:8, CW 1:357.
11. Life, 24:4, CW 1:211.
12. Life, 30:3, CW 1:254.
13. Cf. Rosa Rossi, Thérèse d’Avila (Paris: Cerf, 1989), 177: Teresa and Ana de San Bartolomé.
14. Way, 7:7, CW 2:69.
15. Way, 10:5, CW 2:69.
16. Life, 10:8, CW 1:109.
17. Letter 135, to Ambrosio Mariano, October 21, 1576, CL 1:361.
18. Way, 4:13, CW 2:57.
19. Way, 7:8, CW 2:70.
20. Found., 17, CW 3:179–85.
21. Letter 58, to Domingo Báñez, January 1574, CL 1:148.
22. Letter 109, to María de San José, June 16, 1576, CL 1:285.
23. Letter 112, to María de San José, July 2, 1576, CL 1:291.
24. Letter 126, to María de San José, September 22, 1576, CL 1:337.
25. Letter 132, to María de San José, October 13, 1576, CL 1:351.
26. Letter 137, to María de San José, October 1576, CL 1:373.
27. Letter 146, to María de San José, November 8, 1576, CL 1:392.
28. Letter 152, to María de San José, November 26, 1576, CL 1:409.
29. Letter 152, to María de San José, November 26, 1576, CL 1:411.
30. Letter 198, to María de San José, June 28, 1577, CL 1:542.
31. Letter 331, to María de San José, February 8–9, 1580, CL 2:282.
32. Letter 173, to María de San José, January 3, 1577, CL 1:460.
33. Letter 186, to María de San José, February 28, 1577, CL 1:511.
34. Letter 330, to María de San José, February 1, 1580, CL 2:273.
35. Letter 311, to Jerome Gratian, October 14, 1579, CL 2:226.
36. Ibid.
37. Letter 88, to María Bautista, August 28, 1575, CL 1:224.
38. Ibid., CL 1:223.
39. Dante, rhyme 67: “Però nol fan che non san quel che sono; camera di perdon sano uom non serra, ché’l perdonare e bel vincer di guerra.” The envoi of his canzone of exile, beginning “Tre donne intorno al cor mi son venute” (1304). Trans. Barbara Reynolds, in Reynolds, Dante: The Poet, the Political Thinker, the Man (London: IB Tauris, 2006), 96.
40. Letter 307, to Jerome Gratian, July 25, 1579, CL 2:218.
41. Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot and Not I, in Collected Shorter Plays (London: Grove Press, 1994).
42. I D, 1:5, CW 2:285.
43. Foundations, 10:14, CW 3:150.
44. Way, 4:16, CW 2:58.
45. Letter 177, to Lorenzo de Cepeda, January 17, 1577, CL 1:474–75.
46. Sol., 14:4, CW 1:458.
47. Life, 21:6, CW 1:187.
48. Found., 20:4, CW 3:198.
49. Found., 20:3, CW 3:198.
50. Letter 342, to duchess of Alba, May 8, 1580, CL 2:310.
51. Letter 94, to Inés Nieto, October 31, 1575, CL 1:237.
52. Letter 278, to the duchess of Alba, December 2, 1578, CL 2:147.
53. Exod. 5:1; 6:8. See also Exod. 9:1: “Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, so they may serve me.”
54. Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (1772–1807) was the last Holy Roman Empress and first empress of Austria, wife of Francis I of Habsburg-Lorraine, first emperor of Austria. Granddaughter of Habsburg ruler Maria Theresa of Austria, who was the mother of the Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II.
55. VI D, 6:3, CW 2:392 (adapted).
56. John of the Cross, “The Dark Night,” in The Collected Works of St. John of the Cross, trans. Kieran Kavanaugh and Otilio Rodriguez (Washington, D.C.: Institute of Carmelite Studies, 1973), 712.
31. ACT 2: HER ELISEUS
1. Testimonies, 34, CW 1:404.
2. Letter 159, to Jerome Gratian, December 7, 1576, CL 1:423.
3. Ibid.
4. Letter 162, to Jerome Gratian, December 13, 1576, CL 1:436.
5. Letter 170, to Jerome Gratian, late December 1576, CL 1:450.
6. Letter 242, to Jerome Gratian, April 26, 1578, CL 2:62–63.
7. Letter 297, to Jerome Gratian, June 10, 1579, CL 2:195.
8. IV D, 1:7, CW 2:319.
9. Found., 23:13, CW 3:222.
10. Letter 141, November 1576, CL 1:379.
11. Letter 81, to Isabel de Santo Domingo, May 12, 1575, CL 1:202.
12. Letter 246, to Jerome Gratian, May 14, 1578, CL 2:72.
13. Letter 145, to Jerome Gratian, November 4, 1576, CL 1:390.
14. Letter 124, to Jerome Gratian, September 20, 1576, CL 1:328.
15. Ibid., CL 1:328–29.
16. Ibid., CL 1:333.
17. Letter 147, to Jerome Gratian, Novembe
r 11, 1576, CL 1:394.
18. Letter 141, to Jerome Gratian, November 1546(?), CL 1:378.
19. Letter 92, to Jerome Gratian, October 1575, CL 1:233–34.
20. Letter 149, to Jerome Gratian, November 1576, CL 1:400.
21. Letter 261, to Jerome Gratian, late August 1578, CL 2:108.
22. Letter 196, to María de San José, May 28, 1577, CL 1:538.
23. Letter 108, to Jerome Gratian, June 15, 1576, CL 1:279.
24. Letter 311, to Jerome Gratian, October 14, 1579, CL 2:225.
25. Life, 18:8, CW 1:160.
26. Jérôme Gratien, Glanes, Quelques brèves additions de la main du père Jérôme Gratien à la première biographie de Thérèse d’Avila par le père Francisco de Ribera, presented by Fr. Pierre Sérouet (Laval: Carmel de Laval, 1998).
27. Letter 98, to María Bautista, December 30, 1575, CL 1:245.
28. Testimonies, 22:2, CW 1:397.
29. Life, 22:6, CW 1:194.
30. Way, 24:3, 5, CW 2:129, 130.
31. Exod. 4:30.
32. John 1:23.
33. Medit., 1:1, CW 2:216.
34. Medit., 1:8, CW 2:219 (adapted).
35. Life, 25:11, CW 1:217.
36. See Mino Bergamo, L’anatomie de l’âme: De François de Sales à Fénelon (Grenoble: Jérôme Millon, 1997), 135 sq: “essential foundation,” “fond essentiel.”
37. Martin Heidegger, Being and Time: A Translation of Sein und Zeit, trans. Joan Stambaugh (New York: State University of New York Press, 1996), vol. 2, chap. 2, §57, p. 253: “The caller, too, remains in a striking indefiniteness…leaves not the slightest possibility of making the call familiar.”
38. Heidegger, Being and Time, vol. 2, chap. 2, §55, p. 251: “Vocal utterance is not essential to discourse…a ‘voice’ of conscience,…which can factically never be found, but ‘voice’ is understood as giving-to-understand.”
39. Life, 22:8, CW 1:194–95.
40. Life, 22:1, CW 1:191 (adapted).
41. Life, 22:16, CW 1:199.
42. VII D, 3:13, CW 2:442.
43. Testimonies, 5, CW 1:386.
44. Ps. 119:32: “Dilatasti…”
45. IV D, 2:5, CW 2:324.
46. Testimonies, 39, CW 1:409.
47. Heidegger, Being and Time, vol. 2, chap. 2, § 56, p. 252: “The call [like the babbling voice] does not say anything…has nothing to tell.” Cf. Jean-Louis Chrétien, The Call and the Response, trans. Stephen E. Lewis (New York: Fordham University Press, 2004).
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