Babbage, Charles 396
Babylonian astronomy 25
Babylonian cosmology 2, 25, 59, 61
‘Babylonian Map of the World’ 1–3, 7, 8–9, 11
Bachelard, Gaston 398–9
Bacon, Francis: New Atlantis 299
Badajoz 199, 201, 202
Baghdad 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 76, 200, 422
Bagrow, Leo 12
Balboa, Vasco Núñez de 191
, Zayd 64
School of Geography 64–6
Banks, Sir Joseph 332, 343–4
Bar-Zeev, Avi 417, 420–21, 422
Barrow, Sir John 337
Basle 157, 168
Batavia 280–81
Bateson, Gregory 7, 13
Beauvais 321, 322
Behaim, Martin 163, 193, 194
globe 194–5
Belgium 218–19, 222
Louvain see Louvain, Belgium
Bell Laboratories 412
Bello, Richard de 109, 110
Bengal 373
Bengal Atlas (Rennel) 344
Berckenrode, Balthasar Florisz. van 273
Berlin 348, 356, 385, 386
Berlin Conference on Africa 345
Berlin Geographical Society (Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin) 338
Berne, Fifth International Geographical Congress 439, 441
Berners-Lee, Tim 415
Berthier, Louis-Alexandre 330, 331
Bible
and Augustine 92
biblical maps 93, 94–5, 96, 227–32, 228–9
and chronology 242–6
early printing of 157
exegesis of Church Fathers 102
geography of 230
Hebrews 107
and the Hereford mappamundi 87, 89–90
Luke 90, 92
Lutheran translations of the New Testament 219
Mercator’s study of the Gospels 256
and Mercator’s wall map of the Holy Land 227
Revelation 87, 90, 243
and the Sawley Map 106
Vulgate 92–3
biogeography 353
Bit Yakin 2
Blaeu, Cornelis 279, 280
Blaeu, Joan 261, 274, 278, 279, 280–93
1648 world map 261–3, 288
1662 world map 287–90
Atlas maior 265–6, 282, 284–93, 431, 437–8
as cartographer to the VOC 280–82
globes 282
Novus Atlas 283–4
People’s Hall reproduction of world map 260–61, 262–3, 287, 288
printing house 282–3, 285–6, 291
as a slave trader 283
Blaeu, Joan II 266
Blaeu, Pieter 266
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon 259, 266–80
atlases 275–9, 280
Light of Navigation 268, 276
world map 268–72, 270–71
Blaeu dynasty 265–93
Blemmyes 88
Bloemgracht 279, 283, 286
Bodin, Jean 242–3
Boer War 356, 360
Boethius 224
Boleyn, Anne 215
Bologna 161
Bonaparte, Napoleon 330–31
Bonn 378
Bonne, Rigobert, equal-area projection 341, 342
Book of Curiosities of the Sciences and Marvels for the Eyes 79–81
Book of Documents (Shu jing) 126–7, 128
The Book of Roger (Entertainment) 55–9, 67, 68, 71–8, 79, 99
‘Book of Routes and Provinces’ see
Boorstin, Daniel 148
Borges, Jorge Luis 8
Borough, William 253–4
Bourbons 297, 298, 308, 315
Bracamonte y Guzman, Don Casparo de, 3rd count of Penaranda 261
Brahe, Tycho 262, 266–7
Brandt, Willy 377
Brandt Report 377–8, 379, 392, 398
Brant, Sebastian 158, 170
Brazil 155, 156, 174, 178, 179, 190–91
Brest 307
Brin, Sergey 422–3, 425, 427–8
Britain and the British Seas (Mackinder) 357–9, 358–9, 366
British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS) 393, 395, 396
British Council of Churches 380
British Empire 356, 359, 360, 364–5
British imperialism 344–7, 356–9, 362
imperial protectionism 356–7, 360
British Isles, Hereford mappamundi 86
British Navy’s Admiralty charts 259
Brittany 324, 330, 331
Brooke, Sir Arthur de Capell 337
Brown, John Carter 180
Bry, Théodore de 259
Brzezinski, Zbigniew 368–9
Buchanan, George 257
Buddhism 114–15, 120
Burckhardt, Jacob 151
Burden, Philip D. 146–7
Burma 362
Burton, Sir Richard 340
Bush, George W. 368
Cabot, Sebastian 201
Cabral, Pedro Alvares 174, 179
Caesar, Julius 91
Cailliau, Robert 415
California 288
Callimachus of Cyrene 18, 44, 50
Calon, Étienne-Nicolas de 294–5, 296
Calvinism/Calvinists 238, 283
Dutch Calvinist culture 265–6
vs Remonstrants 274, 277
Cambridge University 350–51
Campen, Jacob van 260
Canada 391, 413–14
Canada Geographic Information System (CGIS) 414
Canary Islands 155
Canerio/Caveri, Nicolo 152
cannibalism 87
Cano, Juan Sebastião del 197, 198–9, 201, 205, 210–11
Canopus 40
Cantilupe, Thomas 82, 83–4, 109, 110–11
tomb of 83
Cantino, Alberto 190
Cantino planisphere 190–91
Cao Song 135
Cape Verde islands 155, 203–4, 212
Capella, Martianus 101–2, 106, 157, 224
Capitaine, Louis 329, 330
cardinal orientation of maps see orientation of maps
Caribbean Islands 155, 174, 190
Carroll, Lewis: Sylvie and Bruno Concluded 8
Carte de Cassini see Cassini map of France, Carte de Cassini
Carte de France corrigée (Picard and La Hire) 306–7, 307
Carte des Assemblages des Triangles 328, 330
‘Carte particulière des environs de Paris’ (Picard) 304–5, 306
Carter, John 111–12, 112
Les Cartes générales de toutes les provinces de France (Sanson) 298
cartograms 404
cartography see mapmaking and cartography
Casa da Mina e India 200
Casa de la Contratación, Seville 200, 201, 202, 263
Casa del la Especieria 207
Cassini de Thury, César-François (Cassini III) 295, 314–26, 316–17, 332–3, 334
Cassini projection 341
‘New Map of France’ 314, 316–17
Cassini, Giovanni Domenico (Cassini I) 295, 299, 308, 311
Cassini, Jacques (Cassini II) 295, 308, 309, 311, 312, 314
Cassini, Jean-Dominique (Cassini IV) 295–6, 326–9, 333
Cassini map of France, Carte de Cassini 12–13, 294–336, 437, 439
Carte des Assemblages des Triangles 328, 330
and determining the shape of the earth 308–11, 312–14
funding 318, 322, 323
influence on Ordnance Survey 332–3
na
tionalization 294–7, 328–9
origins 298–307
surveying the country 307–8, 311–27
Cassini world projection 341
Castells, Manuel 409–10, 415
Castiglione, Baldassare 209
Castile 186–7, 188
Casa de la Contratación 200, 201, 202, 263
conflict with the Portuguese over the Moluccas 191–2, 193, 196, 197–200, 201–17
mapmaking by Castilian trade organizations 200–201
Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal 209, 210
Caveri chart 152, 171
Caveri, Nicolo 152
celestial mapmaking 5, 30, 42, 180, 194, 240, 266, 267, 289–90
star mapping 116–18, 394–5
CERN (European Council for Nuclear Research) 415
Certaine Errors in Navigation (Wright) 256
CGIS (Canada Geographic Information System) 414
Challenger expedition 347
Chamberlain, Joseph 356–7
Chaos 24
Charlemagne 223
Charles V, Emperor 192, 198, 199, 202–3, 207, 209–10, 211, 213–14, 218–19, 223, 226, 237–8, 239, 240
Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy 159
Chaves, Alonso de 201
Cherbourg 307
Chiericati, Francesco 198
Chin, Denny 432
China 114–45, 358, 376
astronomy 125, 126
cartography see Chinese mapmaking
cosmography 125, 139
cosmology 124–7
‘The General Survey Map of China and Non-Chinese Territories from the Past to the Present’ 136
geography 126–7, 131, 134–5 see also Chinese mapmaking
and Google Earth 408
Han dynasty 129
Jin dynasty 131
in the Kangnido map 118
Liaodong peninsula 114, 142
mapmaking see Chinese mapmaking
on the Mercator projection 391
Ming dynasty 114, 115, 120, 122, 140–42
Qin dynasty 128, 129
Qingjun’s map of 121, 122, 122
Song dynasty 134–6
Zhongsan dynasty 129
Chinese mapmaking 11, 58, 120, 121, 123–37
grids 131–2
influence on Kangnido map 123–37
and ‘Ritual forms of Zhou’ 129–30
Yudi tu (maps of the Empire) 129
144
, Tongguk chido 138–9
chŏrography (regional mapping) 44, 50–51, 81, 301, 304–5, 306, 314, 365
dynasty 114–17, 121, 138, 140–41, 144
On Christian Doctrine (Augustine) 92
Christianity
Bible see Bible
Calvinism see Calvinism/Calvinists
Charles V and the Catholic faith 219, 223
Christ see Jesus Christ
Christian world maps see mappaemundi
and chronology 242–6
Church Fathers see Church Fathers
and the City of God 93–6
clerical pluralism 82–3
and cosmography 221–2
cosmology and world history 90, 100, 102, 104–5, 107–8
emergence as a global religion 91
Fourth Lateran Council 82
and the Habsburgs 219
interrogation and punishment of heretics 218, 219, 239–40, 243
and Islam 56, 70, 78
Lutheranism 219, 227–30, 231, 235–6, 238
mappamundi and the Christian vision 84–113 see also mappaemundi
Mennonite movement 274
Reformation see Reformation
and religious repression/intolerance 218, 219, 221, 239–40, 243, 259
and religious tolerance 219, 257
Remonstrants 274, 277, 283
Roman adoption of 93
and Rome 93–6
and spirituals 238–9
as a universal, missionary religion 120
Chronologia (Mercator) 243–7, 244–5, 254, 258
chronology, world 241–6
Chrysoloras, Manuel 160
Church Fathers 98–102
Latin Fathers 92–6
Churchill, Sir Winston 369
CIA 422
Cicero 39–40, 224, 236, 246, 254, 258
Republic 98
‘Circa 1492 : Art in the Age of Exploration’ exhibition, Washington 148
circuit of the earth (periodos ) 22, 24
Dicaearchus, Circuit of the Earth 34
Eudoxus, Circuit of the Earth 30
Hecataeus, Periodos 27
circular maps 11, 72, 80–81
The City of God (Augustine) 93–6
Claesz., Cornelis 264, 266, 267
Clark, William 150
Clement VII, Pope 213, 214
Cleomenes of Sparta 32
climate
Aristotle 31–2
klimata/climates/zones 31–2, 39, 60–62, 64, 73, 98–9, 165–6, 224
Posidonius 39
clip-maps 416–18
The Clouds (Aristophanes) 32–3
Cochlaeus, Johannes 175–6
Coeus 24–5
cognitive mapping 4
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste 298, 299–300, 301, 308
Cold War 376, 442
politics 387
rhetoric 368
collected atlases 292
A Collection of Memorable Facts (Solinus) 106
Cologne 222, 243
Columbus, Christopher 37, 152–3, 162, 163–4, 186
Columns of Hercules 27, 86, 107
Comans, Michiel 261
Commentary on Scipio’s Dream (Macrobius) 98–9, 236
commercial enterprise of mapmaking 263–93, 429–31, 436
see also Google Earth
communication theory (Shannon) 410–11, 412, 413–14, 417, 418, 424
Communism 376
conformality 252, 342
and equivalence 390–91, 393
Confucianism 120
Neo-Confucianism 115
Conrad, Joseph: Heart of Darkness 344
Constantine I 93
Constantinople 87, 93
Contarini projection 234
contemptus mundi 108, 110
convivencia 54, 66–7, 78, 79
Cooper, David 383
Copernicanism 340
Copernicus, Nicolaus 42, 258, 262
and Blaeu’s 1662 world map 288, 289
copperplate maps 161, 220, 225–7, 261–3, 268, 273, 275, 278, 285–91, 329, 339
cordiform projection 233, 234, 235–7, 247
Córdoba 66–7
cosmogony, Greek 24–6, 30–31
Cosmographia introductio (Waldseemüller) 165–7, 179, 180–81
cosmography 5, 151, 160–61, 231, 236, 240, 241–3, 249, 250–51, 254, 259
Chinese 125, 139
concentric celestial 125
Copernican 289
Cosmographia introductio 165–7, 179, 180–81
decline of 339–40
and Mercator 221–2, 225, 240, 241–3, 246–9, 255–9
Universalis cosmographia see Waldseemüller map, Universalis cosmographia
cosmology
Babylonian 2, 25, 59, 61
Chinese 124–7
Christian view of history and 90, 100, 102, 104–5, 107–8
geocentric 26, 30, 31, 41–2, 98, 154, 160–61, 266–7, 288–9
Greek 26, 28–32, 42
heliocentric 42, 258, 262, 267, 279, 280, 289–90, 293
Indian 61
/> Islamic assimilation of cosmologies 60
Cosmos: A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe (Humboldt) 348
Crampton, Jeremy 391–2
Cranach, Lucas: ‘The Position and Borders of the Promised Land’ 228–9, 230–31
Crates of Mallos 38–9
Crete 86
Crius 24–5
Cronus 24–5
Crusades 56, 78, 79, 366
Cuba 156, 174
Cuo, royal tomb 129
Cupid 288
Curzon, George 347, 369
cylindrical projection 232, 251–3, 268, 389, 395
pseudo-cylindrical projection 341, 342, 389
Cyprian, St 92
Czechoslovakia 374–5, 375
da Gama, Vasco 172, 188, 189
Daedalus 86
DaimlerChrysler 149
Damascus 66
Damian, St 92
56
56, 63–4
Darwin, Charles 347, 396
Darwinism 340, 347
De Arca Noe Mystica (Hugh of Saint-Victor) 104
De emendatione temporum (Scaliger) 258
De la religion nationale (Fauchet) 327
De natura rerum (Isidore of Seville) 100
de Selve, Georges 215, 216
decolonization 372, 376–7
d’Églantine, Philippe Fabre 294, 295, 296
del Cano, Juan Sebastião 197, 198–9, 201, 205, 210–11
Delisle, Guillaume 315
Delphi 26
Democratic Ideals and Reality (Mackinder) 366, 367
Dépôt de la Guerre, France 294–5, 329–30, 331
Der 2
Derrida, Jacques 399
Descartes, René 308, 309
Descriptio mappe mundi (Hugh of Saint-Victor) 103
developing world 397–8
Dias, Bartolomeu 187
Dicaearchus of Messina 34, 34
Didascalicon (Hugh of Saint- Victor) 103
Didymus 91
DigiPlace 409
Digital Earth (Gore) 419–21
DigitalGlobe 425, 426
digital online mapping 15, 296, 405–36, 444
Dinteville, Jean de 215, 216
Diogenes Laertius 25
Discovery Channel 149
discovery, geographical 154–7, 162–7, 173, 175–6, 178
first global circumnavigation 192–8
navigation and maps 152–3, 183–4, 193–8, 200, 247, 249–54
Doetsz, Cornelisz 264
Donne, John 235
Dorling, Daniel et al. 403–4
Doxapatres, Nilos 70
doxographers 25, 26
Drosius, Joannes 237
Dualism 58
Dufief, Pierre 218
Duisburg 223, 240–41
Dürer, Albrecht 180
Düsseldorf 240
Dutch East India Company see VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie)
Dymaxion projection 389
Eames, Charles 416
Eames, Ray 416
A History of the World in 12 Maps Page 62
