Portland, Wash., 269
Portsmouth, 474
Portugal, 65, 127, 179, 352-353, 393
Portuguese West Africa, 397
Poston (internment camp), 267
Postwar world security policy, 357, 366, 409, 427-429
Potomac (presidential yacht), 125, 132, 199, 254, 402
Potomac River, 24, 605
Pound, Sir Dudley, 128, 317, 368
Powell, Adam Clayton, 533
PQ-18 (convoy), 310
Pravda, 229
Price control, 116, 196-197, 257-258, 259, 340-341, 468
Prince of Wales, H.M.S., 12, 125, 126, 128, 131, 175, 203
Prisoners of war, 232, 391
Proclamation of unlimited national emergency, 101
Production: and aid to Great Britain, 24-25; American effort toasted by Stalin, 411; conflict with labor, 117; conversion to war production, 118; creation of agencies, 116-117; crisis of, 193, 333; effort called for in F.D.R.’s “arsenal of democracy” speech, 28, 29; goals, 190, 246-249, 306; husbanding of resources, 494; and labor, 53-56. 465; lagging badly, 118, 192-194, 245-246; material shortages, 52; military airplanes, 333; mobilization of resources, 51-53; munitions, 28; NDAC advisors, 51; no unified program, 272, 332; F.D.R. on, 333-334; Senate committee investigating, 118-119, 193, 339; shortages of essential munitions, 118; soars, 460; unity of effort, 271, 272-273, 467-472. See also Budget; Labor; Manpower; Shipbuilding
Profiteering, 424, 467
Propaganda, 385-388
Prussia, 96, 365, 565, 570
Psychological warfare. See Propaganda
Public opinion: and aid to Great Britain, 132-133; defeatism and fatalism, 66; and international issues, 559; in 1941, 40-43; optimism about the war, 469; pessimistic attitude to defeat in Pacific, 209-213; F.D.R. attempts to gauge, 98; F.D.R. and public opinion polls, 607; F.D.R. shows his usual respect for, 152; spirit of unity sweeps U.S. after Pearl Harbor, 176; and war aims, 467-468
Puerto Rico, 378
Pyle, Ernie, 471
Quebec Conference (first), 389, 391-393, 397, 398, 399, 457; (second), 458, 518-521, 543
Queen Mary, S.S., 368, 391, 469
Quezon, Manuel, 206, 208, 209, 216, 379, 489
Quincy, U.S.S., 565, 578, 579, 580
Rabat, 321
Rabaul, 160, 382, 444, 486
Racial intolerance, viii, 275, 497, 498, 512, 529-530. See also Black Americans; Japanese-Americans; Jews; Mexican-Americans
Radar systems, 345
Radiation laboratory, MIT, 346
Radio Corporation of America, 264
Radio proximity fuse, 345
Raeder, Erich, 16, 69, 105, 106, 141, 142, 243
Railroad crisis, 195-196, 338, 354, 422
Railway Labor Act, 338
Randolph, A. Philip, 123, 124
Randolph Field. 270
Rangoon, 209, 219, 268, 375
Rankin, John, 216, 421, 431, 437
Rapido River, 438
Rastenburg, 282
Ratcliffe, S. K., 497
Rationing, 258-259, 461, 468
Rayburn, Sam, 40, 120, 164, 261, 433, 456, 504
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 25, 341
Red Army. See Russia: German invasion
Red Cross, 372, 514
Red Network, The (Dilling), 48, 453
Red Star, 97
Refugee Board. See War Refugee Board
Refugees, 396, 441-442
Regensburg, 445
Reid, Mrs. Ogden, 277
Reilly, Mike, 268, 269, 317, 320, 322, 406, 508, 509, 564, 578
“Relief, Recovery, and Reform,” 53
Religion: freedom of religion clause, Declaration of Allied Unity, 183-184;
religious intolerance in the U.S., 529-530
Remember Pearl Harbor (film), 271
“Report to the Secretary on the Acquiescence of this Government in the Murder of the Jews” (Paul), 441
Reprisal (Vance), 272
Republic, The, 516
Republican National Committee, 275; Chairman of, 176
Republican party: coalition of, with Southern and conservative Democrats, 37, 40, 305, 421, 534; coalition of liberals of, with Democratic liberals, 275-276, 279, 280, 511-512, 513, 608; collaboration of, with Democratic party in Congress, 594; conference of, on Mackinac Island, 400, 428-429, 510; congressional, 37, 38, 39, 280, 400, 499, 500, 510, 524, 526, 534, 594; convention (1942), 275, (1940), 502, (1944), 501, 502, 510, 511; division in, 37-39; election of 1936, 38; election of 1940, 36, 502; election of 1942, 274-281, 301, 502; election of 1944, 400, 498-503, 507, 509-513, 522-524, 525, 526, 527-530, 532, 533-534; internationalist members of, favor postwar security organization, 358, 400, 427, 428-429, 510; members of, as dollar-a-year men, 88; National Chairman of, 176; power holders of, 37, 426; presidential, 37, 38, 39, 274, 276, 280-281, 358, 400, 499, 502, 510, 511, 513, 528; primaries, 499; and F.D.R., 7, 38, 43, 122-123, 279, 427, 522-524, 526, 527, 528, 529; rumored to be agent in deal for a negotiated peace, 211; shift of black vote to, 280; and soldiers’-vote bill, 431. See also Congress; Dewey, Thomas E.; Willkie, Wendell L.
Repulse, H.M.S., 175, 203
Resonant cavity magnetron, 346
Reuben James, U.S.S., 148
Reuther, Walter, 193
“Revere, Paul” (radio traitor), 498
Reykjavik, 147
Rheinmetall-Borsig Works, 17, 66
Rhine River, 518, 582
Rhone Valley, 478
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 16, 17, 81, 82, 108, 174
Ribbentrop-Molotov line, 413
Rice, Stuart, 452
Rimini, 479
Riots, 388, 421, 466
Robin Moor, (U.S. freighter), 101, 140
Rockefeller, Nelson, 385, 553
Rockets, 345, 558
Roman Catholics: feeling against
involvement with Bolshevism, 152
Rome, 383, 391, 393, 394, 408, 438, 439, 476, 478
Rommel, Erwin, 75, 76, 78, 235, 236, 291, 295, 308, 313, 326, 327, 329, 474, 477
Roosevelt, Anna (Mrs. John Boettiger) (daughter of F.D.R.), 7, 199, 269, 447, 448, 521, 523, 564, 578, 579, 581, 594, 605, 606, 612
Roosevelt, Eleanor (wife of F.D.R.), 23, 450, 455; accused of stirring up racial hatred, 498; backs Wallace for Vice President, 503; campaigns for F.D.R. in New York, 525; as a champion of the poor and oppressed, 8, 59, 123, 124, 266, 472; character of, 7-8, 59-60; Christmas 1944, 554; and Churchill, 178, 521; criticism of, 211, 498; election night, 1940, 3; at funeral of F.D.R., 601, 602, 604, 606, 612; grief at parting from her sons, 177; hears F.D.R.’s speech to Congress on Yalta, 581; hears F.D.R.’s speech on the Four Freedoms, 34; helps found Freedom House, 275; letter to A. Philip Randolph, 124; letters to, from F.D.R., 402-403, 404, 451, 463, 579; marriage of, 4; marriage relationship, 7, 59-60; observation of, re Democratic party, 276; on the oil embargo to Japan, 21; opens school, 577; persuades F.D.R. to have checkup, 448; presented with tiara by Sultan of Morocco, 322; prods F.D.R. to appoint liberals, 62; at Quebec Conference, 518; questions F.D.R. about the war, 201; rooms of, at the White House, 58, 59; and Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd, 199, 606; tours U.S. with F.D.R., 268; with F.D.R. in Washington, 22; as White House hostess, 7, 33, 302, 530; witnesses signing of United Nations Declaration of Allied Unity, 185; wonders about Hopkins’ friendship with F.D.R., 62; works in Office of Civilian Defense, 198: world travels, 300, 390, 447
Roosevelt, Elliott (son of F.D.R.), 126, 177, 316, 317, 322, 379, 390, 403, 407, 410, 554, 605, 612
Roosevelt, Mrs. Elliott (Faye Emerson), 554, 605
Roosevelt, Mrs. Elliott (Ruth JosephineGoggins), 270
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, personality and private life: as a bird watcher, 200; character, vii, 9, 36, 58, 62, 63, 67, 88, 92, 115, 131, 143, 176, 177, 253, 298-299, 342, 347, 421, 452-453, 549-550, 595, 602-603, 604-605, 606-609; childhood and early life, 4-5, 604; cruise down the Potomac, 24; cruise through the Caribbean, 24; daily ro
utine and work habits, 22-23, 61, 299-300, 447; death and funeral. 600-612; and the death of his mother, 139-140; eulogies, 611: health, 4-5, 36, 143-144, 324, 326, 332, 390, 409, 424, 448-450, 498, 507-508, 509, 521, 526, 533, 562, 564, 573-574, 579, 582, 584-585, 589-590, 591, 594-595; as a humanitarian, 7, 595; humor, 67, 88, 213, 299; journalistic days, 491; law practice, 4; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt, 21; letters to Eleanor Roosevelt, 402-403, 404, 451, 463, 579: love for royalty, 253; love of Hyde Park, 199-200, 389; marriage, 4; marriage relationship, 59-60: mentions his four sons in the services, 527; moral credo, 549-550; reads Christmas Carol. 417, 554; social life, 33; stimulated by memories of old times, 450-451; world reaction to his death, 610-611
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, political and public life: accessibility, 62; accused of deliberately inviting attack on Pearl Harbor, 453-454; accused of nepotism, 390, 431; appointments, 122-123, 350; as an arbiter of aid priorities, 248; at ARCADIA Conference, 178-191, 229, 247: as architect of military victory, 546-547; at Argentina, 125-131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 178, 475; as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 4, 353; and atomic bomb, 456, 457, 458, 550, 558, 591; on the British, 566; cables Churchill condolences on Greece, 77, 89; cables Churchill essence of American proposals to Japan, 156; at Cairo Conferences, 389, 402, 403-405, 414-416, 443, 445; and the campaign of 1912, 594; and the Casablanca Conference, 308, 315-324, 381, 389; and Chiang Kai-shek, 82-83, 109, 186. 188, 240-242, 377, 378, 389, 399, 402, 403-405, 407, 414-415, 541-545, 574, 576-577, 590, 592, 601; as Chief Executive, 347-355; and China. 82-83, 109, 145, 159, 186, 204-205, 238, 374-378, 407, 541-545, 546, 549, 574, 576-577, 588-590, 592, 609; and civil liberties, 216-217; and colonialism, 218, 322, 378, 381, 388, 404, 549, 591-593, 608-609, 611; as Commander in Chief, 228, 490-496, 546; commitment to the survival of Great Britain, 84, 88-89; compared with Stalin, 92, 551; concern over war in Asia, 596; congratulates Churchill on Burma victory, 541; conventional view of, 547; on D day, 476; and the Darlan deal, 296-298, 300, 319-320, 548, 608; and Declaration of Allied Unity, 183-185; and de Gaulle, 287, 320-323, 389, 407, 480-481, 482, 566, 579, 591, 592-593, 604; and the Democratic party, 7, 36-37, 39-40, 273, 274, 276-277, 279, 280-281, 510-512, 513, 594; describes his politics as left of center, 553; early political career, 4-5; and education, 464; election of 1910 (New York Senate), 4; election of 1920 (Vice Presidency), 4; election of 1940 (Presidency), 3-4, 5-7, 33, 36; election of 1944 (Presidency), 498-513, 516, 521-534; as the first President to fly, 316; on freedom, 387; as Governor of New York State, 5; as grand strategist, 544-552; and Greece, 77, 365, 395, 538-539; greets new British Ambassador, 74; harsh attitude toward Germany, 441, 520, 566; on Hitlerism, 149, 151, 387; at Honolulu Conference, 488-489, 490, 496, 507; inaugurals. 35, 260, 559, 562-563; and India, 219-220, 221-222, 231. 239, 240, 241-242, 380-381, 422, 549, 593, 608-609; indignant about the attitudes he found at home, 422; and Indochina, 127, 135, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 379, 407, 591-592, 593; insists on direct attack on Germany, 548, 554; issues proclamation of unlimited national emergency, 101; and Italy, 6, 318, 368-369, 391, 537-538; and Japan, 6, 79, 107, 127-128, 149-150, 153, 155, 601; and Japanese-Americans, 267; and the Jews, 43, 395-398, 545, 577-579; and labor. 7, 117, 177. 191-192, 194-196, 259-260, 263-265, 334-338, 465, 522; lack of leadership, 65-66, 119-120, 133, 149, 353-355; leads nation in prayer, 476; and the League of Nations, 7, 359; legislative fortunes at lowest ebb, 594; letters and notes, 43, 84, 98, 103, 108, 114, 122-123, 156, 186, 190, 223 230, 232, 241-242, 253, 259, 275, 282, 289-290, 297, 299-300, 307, 314, 334, 335, 363, 371, 390, 417, 436, 445, 450, 512, 561, 584, 587, 594, 609; on liberty, 214; and MacArthur, 109, 182, 205, 207-209, 211, 226, 274, 284, 350, 485, 488-489, 490, 500, 527, 528, 603; meetings with Churchill in the U.S., 176, 178-190, 229, 247, 251, 367, 368-371, 389, 394, 416, 458, 521; meetings with congressional leaders, 61, 433; meeting with Eden, 365-367; meeting with Gromyko, 517-518; meeting with Gimther, 56-58; meeting with Hurley, 588-590; meeting with Mikolajczyk, 483, 570; meetings with Nomura, 134, 135, 155; meetings with Willkie, 43, 275, 280, 512; and the Munich crisis, 7; and the Navy, 46, 228, 244, 349, 444, 526; and Negroes, 123-124, 265-266, 463, 472; non-political posture, 273-281; opinion of Hitler, 67, 68, 140-141; Pacific trip, 488-490, 496, 507, 508; party coalition under, 7, 36-43, 274, 279, 524; party-realignment plan, 275-276, 280, 511-512, 513, 608; peace aims and postwar planning, 33. 232, 300-302, 306, 358-364, 365, 509-510, 515, 582; peak of his political prestige, 36; and Pearl Harbor, 162, 163-164, 165, 172, 176; personal popularity, 210, 272-273, 468; and planning, 353-355; pledge to keep out of the war, 6, 28, 42, 388, 513, 530; and Poland, 129, 360, 372, 373, 412, 413, 483, 534-537, 565, 569-573, 583-584, 585; political courage, 606; political goals, 547-550; and presidential organization, 339-343; and the press, 398, 428, 453, 497, 509; press conferences, 24, 26, 33, 88, 116, 172-173, 269-270, 273, 323, 332, 384, 423, 428, 460, 463, 468, 472, 476, 497, 532, 540, 553, 596; projected trip to England, 594; projected visit to New York City, 200; as a propagandist, 381-388; proposals of, to Churchill, on India, 219-221; and public opinion, 40-43, 66, 98, 152, 209-213, 467-468, 559, 607; at Quebec Conferences, 389, 392-393, 397, 457, 458, 518-521, 543; quotes Lincoln, 107, 492, 507; rallies the nation at the time of Pearl Harbor, 172, 176; reaction to German invasion of Russia, 98, 102-103; relations with Churchill, 11, 39-40, 65, 73, 77, 89, 219, 221, 288-290, 369, 403, 405, 415-416, 478-480, 518, 521, 537-538, 585, 596; relations with Congress, 120, 197, 246, 301, 305, 307, 331, 332, 362, 426, 427, 430, 431, 434, 435, 436, 437, 510, 594; relations with Hopkins, 60-61, 62, 579; relations with Joint Chiefs of Staff, 491; relations with Russia, 102-103, 151, 611; relations with Stalin, 201, 232, 313, 399, 412, 416, 484, 537, 566, 575, 585-587, 596, 603, 608; relations with Vichy, 24, 286-287, 293; “Relief, Recovery, and Reform” program, 53; and the Republican party, 7, 38, 43, 122-123, 279, 427, 522-524, 526, 527, 528, 529; respected in France, 290; responds to Churchill’s letter with Lend-Lease program, 25; reviews American Negro troops, 324; reviews courts-martial sentences, 493; reviled in German propaganda, 37, 388; on rubber, 258-259; “Sail on, O Ship of State!” quoted by, 43; salutes the fall of Rome, 476; as seen by Hitler, 15, 67-68, 174, 309, 475; sends to Churchill confidential cable from Chiang Kai-shek, 241; separation of political and military policies, 494, 495, 546, 549, 587; strategy, 84-92, 101, 153, 312, 422, 440, 478, 485; succumbs to classic dilemma of democratic leaders, 550: and taxation, 121, 256-257, 260, 262, 307, 363-364, 433-437, 510, 560; and the Teheran Conference, 389, 400, 406-414, 415, 427, 429, 439, 478, 479, 574, 608; tour of U.S. (1942), 268-271, 279, 282; and unconditional surrender, 323, 384, 393, 397, 422, 440-441, 495, 546, 548, 582; and the U.N., 427-429, 533, 547-548, 560, 565, 566, 567-568, 582, 604, 611; urges Churchill to minimize Soviet problem, 596; “vice of immediacy,” 548; visits Adak, 489-490; visits Alaska, 489-490, 507; visits American troops in the field, 321, 324; visits Balaklava battlefield, 578; visits Hawaii, 488-489, 507; visits Malta, 416; visits Marrakesh, 324; visits Rabat and Port Lyautey, 321-322; visits Sevastopol, 578; visit to the Sphinx, 415; visits Tunis, 416; on war aims, 467-468; watches landing exercise at San Diego, 488; and Wendell Willkie, 5, 6, 43, 48-49, 51, 60-61, 194, 274-276, 279-280, 283, 296, 379, 427, 434, 437, 500, 511-513, 528, 604; and world organizations, 359; in World War I, 491; and Yalta Conference, 558, 559, 564-580, 582, 584, 585, 591, 592, 608
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, oratory: acceptance speech from Philadelphia (1936), 508; acceptance speech from San Diego (1944), 506-507, 508; address to Congress asking for declaration of war against Japan, 165-167; address to Congress on the Four Freedoms, 34-35; address to Congress on Yalta Conference, 581-582; address to the nation on Washington’s birthday, 1942, 212-213; “Arsenal of Democracy” speech, 27-29, 35; campaign speech at Hotel Statler, September 1944, 521-524; campaign speech at Boston. 529-530; Christmas address (1941), 178, (1944), 554; fireside chats, 27-29, 35, 140-141, 142, 172-173, 213, 261, 269, 336, 384, 390, 416, 424, 467, 560-561; inaugural address (1933), 260, (1941), 35, (1945), 563; Jefferson
Day speech (1943), 357, (1945), 596-597; Navy Day speech (1941), 147-148, (1944), 546; report to the nation on the home front, Columbus Day, 1942, 271; speech on Nazi war aims, May 27, 1941, 100-101; speech to Bremerton workers on his Pacific journey, 508-509; speech to the eighth Pan American Scientific Congress, 250; speech to French over BBC on North African landings, 292; speech to neighbors on third election night, 4; speech to White House correspondents on Lend-Lease, 50-51; State of the Union messages, 33-35, 190-192, 305-307, 308, 333-334, 361, 422, 423, 424-425, 559, 560
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, Jr. (son of F.D.R.), 3, 4, 126, 294, 403
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano 3rd (grandson of F.D.R.), 4
Roosevelt, James (great-grandfather of F.D.R.), 132
Roosevelt, James (son of F.D.R.), 62, 145, 177, 450, 507, 509, 562
Roosevelt, John (son of F.D.R.), 3, 62
Roosevelt, Sara (mother of F.D.R.), 3, 7, 27, 37, 139-140, 143
Roosevelt, President Theodore, 4, 37, 38, 39, 205, 257, 343, 426, 604
Root, Elihu. 37
Rosenman, Dorothy, 254, 255
Rosenman, Samuel, 8, 33, 99, 140, 253, 254, 255, 260, 298, 383, 416, 423, 424, 432, 437, 451, 455, 464, 465, 488, 489, 505, 508, 511, 512, 521, 527, 529, 530, 562, 579, 582
Ross, Malcolm, 463
Rostov, 237
ROUNDUP, 311, 312, 313, 318, 392
Royal Air Force, 10, 17, 519
Royal Navy: British battleship strength, 12; and the campaign in Greece, 76; Churchill offers British fleet against Japan, 519; defends the East Indies, 223; destroys a German convoy off Crete, 76; the Home Fleet, 327; loss of battleships, 99, 175-176; and the Pacific war, 444; receives Coast Guard cutters from U.S., 88; sinking of the Bismarck, 99-100. See also Atlantic theater; Convoys; Navy, U.S.; Submarine warfare
Rubber shortage, 258-259, 311, 354
Rubber Supply Agency, 259, 342
Ruhr, 478, 520, 595
Rules Committee (House), 40, 278-279
Rumania, 15, 71, 73, 187, 233, 308, 441, 446, 484, 537, 554
Ruml, Beardsley, 363
Runstedt, Gerd von, 474
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