“So what do we do? Erase the map—and just hope that IA never find the defect for themselves?”
“No.” Alison seemed remarkably calm—but then, her own long-cherished philosophy had just been confirmed, not razed to the ground—and she’d had time on the flight from Zürich to think through all the Realmathematik. “There’s only one way to be sure that they can never use this. We have to strike first. We have to get hold of enough computing power to map the entire defect. And then we either iron the border flat, so it can’t move—if you amputate all the pincers, there can be no pincer movements. Or—better yet, if we can get the resources—we push the border in, from all directions, and shrink the far-side system down to nothing.”
I hesitated. “All we’ve mapped so far is a tiny fragment of the defect. We don’t know how large the far side could be. Except that it can’t be small—or the random fluctuations would have swallowed it long ago. And it could go on forever; it could be infinite, for all we know.”
Alison gave me a strange look. “You still don’t get it, do you, Bruno? You’re still thinking like a Platonist. The universe has only been around for fifteen billion years. It hasn’t had time to create infinities. The far side can’t go on forever—because somewhere beyond the defect, there are theorems that don’t belong to any system. Theorems that have never been touched, never been tested, never been rendered true or false.
“And if we have to reach beyond the existing mathematics of the universe in order to surround the far side … then that’s what we’ll do. There’s no reason why it shouldn’t be possible—just so long as we get there first.”
* * *
When Alison took my place, at one in the morning, I was certain I wouldn’t get any sleep. When she shook me awake three hours later, I still felt like I hadn’t.
I used my notepad to send a priming code to the data caches buried in our veins, and then we stood together side-by-side, left-shoulder-to-right-shoulder. The two chips recognized each other’s magnetic and electrical signatures, interrogated each other to be sure—and then began radiating lower power microwaves. Alison’s notepad picked up the transmission, and merged the two complementary data streams. The result was still heavily encrypted—but after all the precautions we’d taken so far, shifting the map into a handheld computer felt about as secure as tattooing it onto our foreheads.
A taxi was waiting for us downstairs. The People’s Institute for Advanced Optical Engineering was in Minhang, a sprawling technology park some thirty kilometers south of the city center. We rode in silence through the gray predawn light, past the giant ugly tower blocks thrown up by the landlords of the new millennium, riding out the fever as the necrotraps and their cargo dissolved into our blood.
As the taxi turned into an avenue lined with biotech and aerospace companies, Alison said, “If anyone asks, we’re Ph.D. students of Yuen’s, testing a conjecture in algebraic topology.”
“Now you tell me. I don’t suppose you have any specific conjecture in mind? What if they ask us to elaborate?”
“On algebraic topology? At five o’clock in the morning?”
The Institute building was unimposing—sprawling black ceramic, three stories high—but there was a five-meter electrified fence, and the entrance was guarded by two armed soldiers. We paid the taxi driver and approached on foot. Yuen had supplied us with visitor’s passes—complete with photographs and fingerprints. The names were our own; there was no point indulging in unnecessary deception. If we were caught out, pseudonyms would only make things worse.
The soldiers checked the passes, then led us through an MRI scanner. I forced myself to breathe calmly as we waited for the results; in theory, the scanner could have picked up our symbionts’ foreign proteins, lingering breakdown products from the necrotraps, and a dozen other suspicious trace chemicals. But it all came down to a question of what they were looking for; magnetic resonance spectra for billions of molecules had been catalogued—but no machine could hunt for all of them at once.
One of the soldiers took me aside and asked me to remove my jacket. I fought down a wave of panic—and then struggled not to overcompensate: if I’d had nothing to hide, I would still have been nervous. He prodded the bandage on my upper arm; the surrounding skin was still red and inflamed.
“What’s this?”
“I had a cyst there. My doctor cut it out, this morning.”
He eyed me suspiciously, and peeled back the adhesive bandage—with ungloved hands. I couldn’t bring myself to look; the repair cream should have sealed the wound completely—at worst there should have been old, dried blood—but I could feel a faint liquid warmth along the line of the incision.
The soldier laughed at my gritted teeth, and waved me away with an expression of distaste. I had no idea what he thought I might have been hiding—but I saw fresh red droplets beading the skin before I closed the bandage.
Yuen Ting-fu was waiting for us in the lobby. He was a slender, fit-looking man in his late sixties, casually dressed in denim. I let Alison do all the talking: apologizing for our lack of punctuality (although we weren’t actually late), and thanking him effusively for granting us this precious opportunity to pursue our unworthy research. I stood back and tried to appear suitably deferential. Four soldiers looked on impassively; they didn’t seem to find all this groveling excessive. And no doubt I would have been giddy with awe, if I really had been a student granted time here for some run-of-the-mill thesis.
We followed Yuen as he strode briskly through a second checkpoint and scanner (this time, no one stopped us) then down a long corridor with a soft gray vinyl floor. We passed a couple of white-coated technicians, but they barely gave us a second glance. I’d had visions of a pair of obvious foreigners attracting as much attention here as we would have wandering through a military base—but that was absurd. Half the runtime on Luminous was sold to foreign corporations—and because the machine was most definitely not linked to any communications network, commercial users had to come here in person. Just how often Yuen wangled free time for his students—whatever their nationality—was another question, but if he believed it was the best cover for us, I was in no position to argue. I only hoped he’d planted a seamless trail of reassuring lies in the university records and beyond, in case the Institute administration decided to check up on us in any detail.
We stopped in at the operations room, and Yuen chatted with the technicians. Banks of flatscreens covered one wall, displaying status histograms and engineering schematics. It looked like the control center for a small particle accelerator—which wasn’t far from the truth.
Luminous was, literally, a computer made of light. It came into existence when a vacuum chamber, a cube five meters wide, was filled with an elaborate standing wave created by three vast arrays of high-powered lasers. A coherent electron beam was fed into the chamber—and just as a finely machined grating built of solid matter could diffract a beam of light, a sufficiently ordered (and sufficiently intense) configuration of light could diffract a beam of matter.
The electrons were redirected from layer to layer of the light cube, recombining and interfering at each stage, every change in their phase and intensity performing an appropriate computation—and the whole system could be reconfigured, nanosecond by nanosecond, into complex new “hardware” optimized for the calculations at hand. The auxilliary supercomputers controlling the laser arrays could design, and then instantly build, the perfect machine of light to carry out each particular stage of any program.
It was, of course, fiendishly difficult technology, incredibly expensive and temperamental. The chance of ever putting it on the desktops of Tetris-playing accountants was zero, so nobody in the West had bothered to pursue it.
And this cumbersome, unwieldy, impractical machine ran faster than every piece of silicon hanging off the Internet, combined.
We continued on to the programming room. At first glance, it might have been the computing center in a small primary school, with h
alf a dozen perfectly ordinary work stations sitting on white formica tables. They just happened to be the only six in the world that were hooked up to Luminous.
We were alone with Yuen now—and Alison cut the protocol and just glanced briefly in his direction for approval, before hurriedly linking her notepad to one of the work stations and uploading the encrypted map. As she typed in the instructions to decode the file, all the images running through my head of what would have happened if I’d poisoned the soldier at the gate receded into insignificance. We now had half an hour to banish the defect—and we still had no idea how far it extended.
Yuen turned to me; the tension on his face betrayed his own anxieties, but he mused philosophically, “If our arithmetic seems to fail for these large numbers—does it mean the mathematics, the ideal, is really flawed and mutable—or only that the behavior of matter always falls short of the ideal?”
I replied, “If every class of physical objects ‘falls short’ in exactly the same way—whether it’s boulders or electrons or abacus beads … what is it that their common behavior is obeying—or defining—if not the mathematics?”
He smiled, puzzled. “Alison seemed to think you were a Platonist.”
“Lapsed. Or … defeated. I don’t see what it can mean to talk about standard number theory still being true for these statements—in some vague Platonic sense—if no real objects can ever reflect that truth.”
“We can still imagine it. We can still contemplate the abstraction. It’s only the physical act of validation that must fall through. Think of transfinite arithmetic: no one can physically test the properties of Cantor’s infinities, can they? We can only reason about them from afar.”
I didn’t reply. Since the revelations in Hanoi, I’d pretty much lost faith in my power to “reason from afar” about anything I couldn’t personally describe with Arabic numerals on a single sheet of paper. Maybe Alison’s idea of “local truth” was the most we could hope for; anything more ambitious was beginning to seem like the comic-book “physics” of swinging a rigid beam ten billion kilometers long around your head, and predicting that the far end would exceed the speed of light.
An image blossomed on the work station screen: it began as the familiar map of the defect—but Luminous was already extending it at a mind-boggling rate. Billions of inferential loops were being spun around the margins: some confirming their own premises, and thus delineating regions where a single, consistent mathematics held sway … others skewing into self-contradiction, betraying a border crossing. I tried to imagine what it would have been like to follow one of those Möbius-strips of deductive logic in my head; there were no difficult concepts involved, it was only the sheer size of the statements that made that impossible. But would the contradictions have driven me into gibbering insanity—or would I have found every step perfectly reasonable, and the conclusion simply unavoidable? Would I have ended up calmly, happily conceding: Two and two make five?
As the map grew—smoothly re-scaled to keep it fitting on the screen, giving the unsettling impression that we were retreating from the alien mathematics as fast as we could, and only just avoiding being swallowed—Alison sat hunched forward, waiting for the big picture to be revealed. The map portrayed the network of statements as an intricate lattice in three dimensions (a crude representational convention, but it was as good as any other). So far, the border between the regions showed no sign of overall curvature—just variously sized random incursions in both directions. For all we knew, it was possible that the far-side mathematics enclosed the near side completely—that the arithmetic we’d once believed stretched out to infinity was really no more than a tiny island in an ocean of contradictory truths.
I glanced at Yuen; he was watching the screen with undisguised pain. He said, “I read your software, and I thought: sure, this looks fine—but some glitch on your machines is the real explanation. Luminous will soon put you right.”
Alison broke in jubilantly, “Look, it’s turning!”
She was right. As the scale continued to shrink, the random fractal meanderings of the border were finally being subsumed by an overall convexity—a convexity of the far side. It was as if the viewpoint was backing away from a giant spiked sea-urchin. Within minutes, the map showed a crude hemisphere, decorated with elaborate crystalline extrusions at every scale. The sense of observing some palaeomathematical remnant was stronger than ever, now: this bizarre cluster of theorems really did look as if it had exploded out from some central premise into the vacuum of unclaimed truths, perhaps a billionth of a second after the Big Bang—only to be checked by an encounter with our own mathematics.
The hemisphere slowly extended into a three-quarters sphere … and then a spiked whole. The far side was bounded, finite. It was the island, not us.
Alison laughed uneasily. “Was that true before we started—or did we just make it true?” Had the near side enclosed the far side for billions of years—or had Luminous broken new ground, actively extending the near side into mathematical territory that had never been tested by any physical system before?
We’d never know. We’d designed the software to advance the mapping along a front in such a way that any unclaimed statements would be instantly recruited into the near side. If we’d reached out blindly, far into the void, we might have tested an isolated statement—and inadvertently spawned a whole new alternative mathematics to deal with.
Alison said, “Okay—now we have to decide. Do we try to seal the border—or do we take on the whole structure?” The software, I knew, was busy assessing the relative difficulty of the tasks.
Yuen replied at once, “Seal the border, nothing more. You mustn’t destroy this.” He turned to me, imploringly. “Would you smash up a fossil of Australopithecus? Would you wipe the cosmic background radiation out of the sky? This may shake the foundations of all my beliefs—but it encodes the truth about our history. We have no right to obliterate it, like vandals.”
Alison eyed me nervously. What was this—majority rule? Yuen was the only one with any power here; he could pull the plug in an instant. And yet it was clear from his demeanor that he wanted a consensus—he wanted our moral support for any decision.
I said cautiously, “If we smooth the border, that’ll make it literally impossible for IA to exploit the defect, won’t it?”
Alison shook her head. “We don’t know that. There may be a quantumlike component of spontaneous defections, even for statements that appear to be in perfect equilibrium.”
Yuen countered, “Then there could be spontaneous defections anywhere—even far from any border. Erasing the whole structure will guarantee nothing.”
“It will guarantee that IA won’t find it! Maybe pin-point defections do occur, all the time—but the next time they’re tested, they’ll always revert. They’re surrounded by explicit contradictions, they have no chance of getting a foothold. You can’t compare a few transient glitches with this … armory of counter-mathematics!”
The defect bristled on the screen like a giant caltrop. Alison and Yuen both turned to me expectantly. As I opened my mouth, the work station chimed. The software had examined the alternatives in detail: destroying the entire far side would take Luminous twenty-three minutes and seventeen seconds—about a minute less than the time we had left. Sealing the border would take more than an hour.
I said, “That can’t be right.”
Alison groaned. “But it is! There’s random interference going on at the border from other systems all the time—and doing anything finicky there means coping with that noise, fighting it. Charging ahead and pushing the border inward is different: you can exploit the noise to speed the advance. It’s not a question of dealing with a mere surface versus dealing with a whole volume. It’s more like … trying to carve an island into an absolutely perfect circle, while waves are constantly crashing on the beach—versus bulldozing the whole thing into the ocean.”
We had thirty seconds to decide—or we’d be doing neither t
oday. And maybe Yuen had the resources to keep the map safe from IA, while we waited a month or more for another session on Luminous—but I wasn’t prepared to live with that kind of uncertainty.
“I say we get rid of the whole thing. Anything less is too dangerous. Future mathematicians will still be able to study the map—and if no one believes that the defect itself ever really existed, that’s just too bad. IA is too close. We can’t risk it.”
Alison had one hand poised above the keyboard. I turned to Yuen; he was staring at the floor with an anguished expression. He’d let us state our views—but in the end, it was his decision.
He looked up, and spoke sadly but decisively.
“Okay. Do it.”
Alison hit the key—with about three seconds to spare. I sagged into my chair, light-headed with relief.
* * *
We watched the far side shrinking. The process didn’t look quite as crass as bulldozing an island—more like dissolving some quirkily beautiful crystal in acid. Now that the danger was receding before our eyes, though, I was beginning to suffer faint pangs of regret. Our mathematics had coexisted with this strange anomaly for fifteen billion years, and it shamed me to think that within months of its discovery, we’d backed ourselves into a corner where we’d had no choice but to destroy it.
Yuen seemed transfixed by the process. “So are we breaking the laws of physics—or enforcing them?”
Alison said, “Neither. We’re merely changing what the laws imply.”
He laughed softly. “‘Merely.’ For some esoteric set of complex systems, we’re rewriting the high-level rules of their behavior. Not including the human brain, I hope.”
My skin crawled. “Don’t you think that’s … unlikely?”
“I was joking.” He hesitated, then added soberly, “Unlikely for humans—but someone could be relying on this, somewhere. We might be destroying the whole basis of their existence: certainties as fundamental to them as a child’s multiplication tables are to us.”
The Year's Best SF 13 # 1995 Page 26
