by Simon Callow
Smith, Alston J., 5, 18
Smith, Dodie, 445
Smith, Fred, 301, 475
Smith, Gus, 246
Smith, Howard, 384
Sneden’s Landing, Welles’s home at, 285, 306, 360, 385
Sokoloff, Vladimir, 391, 393, 411, 513
Son Excellence, 133
Song of the Dnieper, The, 352
Sophocles, 252
Spain, Welles’s trip to (1933), 129, 130, 134, 135–7
Speaight, Robert, 112, 427, 429, 431, 433, 434, 435
special effects/optical printing, film, 476, 521–3, 524
Spitz, Leo, 450
Spring Awakening, 159
Stage, The, 530; Welles’s article in, 536–8
Stage at Eve, The, 356
stage design/sets, 229–30, 238, 241, 255, 263, 270, 293, 294, 301, 311, 314–15, 325, 327, 340–1, 352, 353, 364–5, 367, 383, 392, 396–7, 428–9, 430, 432–3, 434, 437–9, 440–1, 443–5, 544
Stage Relief Fund, 211
Stagecoach (film), 465, 509, 512
Stagg, Harold, 320
Stalin, Josef, 394, 530
Stanislavsky, Konstantin, 19, 50, 145, 173, 206–7, 213, 313, 322, 396, 413
Stanton, Olive, 298
Stein, Gertrude, 251, 259, 266; Four Saints in Three Acts, 194, 219, 220, 221
Steiner, George, The Portage to San Cristobal of A.H, xii, 198
Stern, Ernst, 181, 241
Stettheimer, Florine, 194
Stevedore, 224
Stevens, Ashton, 60–1, 151, 159, 160, 164
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 77, 378
Stewart, James G., 525
Stewart, Paul, 204, 376–7, 399, 445, 463, 491, 511, 512, 543
Stock, Frederick, 10
Stoker, Bram, Dracula, 375–6, 378–80, 388
Stong, Philip Duffield, 445
Stony Creek summer theatre, 383, 385, 387
Strange Interlude (O’Neill), 357
Strasberg, Lee, 213
Stratford-upon-Avon, Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, 19, 112, 347
Strauss, Richard, Salome, 19
Stravinsky, Igor, 20, 21, 242
Strike Me Pink, 211
Strindberg, August, 159
Stroheim, Erich von, 449, 532
Student Prime, The, 211, 297
Sturges, Preston, 452, 484
subjective camera technique, 468–9, 470, 476
Sullavan, Margaret, 420, 421, 422
Sullivan, Barry, 109
Sullivan, Louis L., 18
Supervia, Conchita, 83
Sweetheart Town, 47
Swiss Family Robinson (film), 498, 505
Synge, J. M., 78
Taft, Lorado (‘Fra Lorado’), 18–19, 24, 159; Black Hawk (sculpture), 24
Taibhearc (first Irish-speaking theatre), Galway, 78, 84
Tale of Two Cities, A (radio play), 387, 388
Taming of the Shrew, The (Shakespeare), 113
Tangiers, 128, 129–30, 131, 133
Tarbox, Hascy, 37, 38, 39, 40, 44, 45, 65, 72, 121, 138, 172, 175
Tarkington, Booth, 25; Clarence, 418; The Magnificent Ambersons, 15, 418, 512, 515, 577; Seventeen, 418
Taubmann, Howard, 211, 212
Tchaikowsky, Pyotr llych, 288, 377, 419
Tchelitchew, Pavel, 274, 306, 358
Teichmann, Howard, 326–7, 334, 397
Tempest, The (Shakespeare), 234
Temple, Shirley, 460
Ten Million Ghosts (Kingsley), 262–4, 266
Terkel, Studs, 18
Thalberg, Irving, 458
Thami el-Glaoui, Pasha of Karrakesh, 113, 129, 131, 132–4, 349, 430
Theatre Arts Monthly, 46, 214, 275, 552
Theatre Arts Quarterly, 570
Theatre Education League, 313
Theatre Guild, New York, 87, 89, 94, 99, 210, 213, 300, 311, 546; Five Kings co-produced by Mercury and (1938), 423–45, 447, 448, 451
Theatre Monthly, 339
Theatre Union, 212, 224
Theatre Veterans’ League, 249
Thin Man, The (film), 480
Thirty-Nine Steps, The (radio play), 387
Thomas, Edna, 224, 238, 239, 244–5
Thomas, François, 376, 377, 463, 511
Thomas, Ted, 265–6
Thompson, Dorothy, 285, 405
Thompson, Woodman, 149, 169, 186
Thomson, Virgil, 194, 201, 219, 221, 222, 224, 232–3, 241, 251, 255, 256, 257, 259, 262, 266, 287, 288, 320, 346, 424, 441, 444, 478, 479, 525
Thorndike, Russell, 113
Thorndike, Sybil, 113
Three Sisters, The (Chekhov), 297
Thurman, Wallace, 221
Tichacek, Stephen, 392, 397
Time magazine, 205, 300, 334, 413, 448, 549; ‘MARVELOUS BOY’ (profile of Welles), 341, 359–60, 361, 377
Time of Your Life, The, 440
Times, The, London, 133, 201, 407
’Tis Pity She’s a Whore (Ford), 207, 208–9
Todd, Reverend, 12
Todd Seminary for Boys, 13, 110, 121, 127, 151, 155, 361; The Book of Todd, 1931: 69–71; Dick Welles Jr at, 12, 15, 27, 28, 34, 58; Literary Society, 35; Richard III, 67–8, 71, 424; theatre (Todd Troupers), 36, 37, 44–7, 52–4, 67–8, 70–1, 73, 137–8, 209; Summer Theatre Festival (1934), 155–76, 181, 185; Welles at (1926–31), 34, 35–47, 52–4, 67–71, 73, 75; Welles’s production of Uncle Tom’s Cabin at, 209
Todd Troupers, 44–6, 53–4, 67–8, 117, 137–8, 209, 325
Toland, Gregg, cameraman, 499–502, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 515, 520, 521–2, 524, 525, 527, 528, 558, 565, 567, 571
Tom Sawyer, 209
Tone, Franchot, 438
Too Much Johnson (Gillette), 309, 380, 383–6, 387, 389, 390, 391, 392, 396, 418, 446, 449, 503, 568
Toscanini, Arturo, 65
Touch of Evil, A (film), 505
Travers, Ben, 112
Treasure Island (radio play), 374–5, 387–9
Tree, Sir Herbert Beerbohm, 90, 168, 318
Tree Will Grow, The (Mankiewicz), 484
Triffely, Tom, 149
Trilby (Du Maurier), 164–5, 166, 167–8
Triple-A Plowed Under, 228
Trotsky, Leon, 394
Truffaut, François, 319, 568
Tsar Fyodor, 19
Tsar Paul (Merezhozsky), 157, 158, 159, 172–3, 175
Tucci, Niccolo, 442
Turner, George, 499
Turpentine, 246
Twain, Mark, 25
Twelfth Night (Shakespeare), 112, 113, 177, 178, 182–3, 478; Todd Troupers production, 137–8
20th Century Fox, 575
Tynan, Kenneth, The World of Orson Welles, ix, 30, 50, 152, 565
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Wright), 209, 542
United Artists film studios, 450
United Press Association (UPA), 492
United Productions (UP), 497, 539
universal focus, photographic, 502–3
Urban League, 553
Uruta, Chano, 528
Ustinov, Peter, Dear Me, 425
Utopia Novelty Company, 7
Vakhtangov, Yevgeny, 513, 523, 543
Valentino, Rudolf, 385
Valley Forge (Anderson), 424
Vandamm, photograph of Welles by, 150
Van Der Zee, James, 220
Van Shmus, 534
Van Valkenberg, Ellen, 19
Van Vorhees, 523
Variety, 202, 337, 436, 449, 450, 548–9, 557
Vassar Women’s College, Experimental Theatre, 216, 306–7; Houseman’s teaching job at, 306–7, 310, 333
vaudeville theatre, 217, 446–8, 450
Vega, Lope de, 344
Velazquez, Diego de, 135
Venice Theatre, New York, The Cradle Will Rock performed at, 296–8, 300, 301, 345
Verdi, Giuseppe, 23
Verne, Jules, 418
Victor, Lucia, 331
Victoria Regina, 348
Victorville, Mankiewicz and Housem
an write screenplay of Citizen Kane in, 488–9, 494, 515, 540
Vivian, Percy, 147
Vogue, French, 7; Welles’s article in, 7, 10, 13
Voice of America, The, Houseman appointed head of, 554–5
Wagner, Richard, 46, 241, 267, 429
Waldorf, Wilella, 146, 381
Walk Together Chillun! (Wilson), 228
Walker, Margaret, 547
Walker, Vernon, 476, 521, 522, 523
Wallace, Edgar, 112
War of the Worlds, The (H.G. Wells), 447, 451, 464; radio adaptation of, 124, 398–408, 409, 411, 418, 448, 490–1, 520; dispute over authorship of script, 406, 490–2, 517
Warfield, David, 181
Warner Brothers, 306, 382, 448
Warner, Jack, 472
Warrick, Ruth, 503, 506, 512, 520
Warring-Manley, Marian, 348–9, 351–2, 356
Washington DC, 423, 436–7
Washington School, Madison, 32, 34
Washington Square players, 311
Watch on the Rhine, 552
Watson, Dudley Crafts, 31, 34, 49, 159
Watson, Mrs Dudley Crafts, 159, 163
Watts, Richard, 258, 264, 345, 410
Weavers, The, 315
Webber, Andrew Lloyd, 253
Webster, Margaret, 177, 439
Weill, Kurt, 291
Weissberger, Arnold, 451, 459–60, 487, 517, 518, 520, 529, 534, 560
Weist, Dwight, 204, 205
Well, The (Lope de Vega), 344
Welles, Beatrice (née Ives: mother), 7–15, 58, 127, 205; Bernstein’s relationship with, 14, 20, 21, 27, 31, 63, 74; birth of son Orson, 10–12; calls herself Trixie Ives, 21; contracts jaundice, 28–9; death of (1924), 29, 30, 31, 62–3; elected Chairman of Kenosha Board of Education (1914), 9, 13; ill-health of, 27, 28–9; marriage to Richard (1903), 8; moves to Chicago, 15, 17, 19–20; musical activities/career, 9–10, 18, 19–20, 21, 22–3; Orson’s relationship with, 13, 22, 27, 30, 31, 52, 62–3, 431; separation from husband (1919), 21
Welles, Christopher (daughter), 364, 387, 489
Welles, George Orson, birth (1915) and childhood in Kenosha, 3, 19–14, 47; parents and family 4–10, 13, 14–15; appearance, 13, 66–7, 69, 71, 88, 150, 197, 204, 326, 341–2, 360, 363; moves to Chicago, 15, 17–20; verbal precocity, 21–2, 32, 33; musical education and outings, 22–3, 30, 45; trips to Grand Detour, 23–7, 50–2; mother’s illness and death (1924), 27–30, 31, 62–3; hay fever and asthma, 28, 115, 360, 387; father’s relations with, 28, 30–2, 33, 34, 49–50, 52, 57–63, 128, 261, 431, 442–3, 447; sexuality, 31, 33, 37, 42–3, 65–7, 89, 98, 174, 206, 208, 227, 460; at Washington School, 32, 34; at Todd Seminary (1926–31), 34–47, 52–4, 67–71, 75; personality, 41–2, 87, 88–9, 97, 107–8, 126, 149, 188, 198, 254–5, 267–8, 359–60, 363–4, 387, 412, 431–2, 576–7; theatrical activities at Todd, 44–7, 52–4, 57, 67–8, 70–1, 73; distinctive voice of, 44, 66, 87, 88, 171, 197–8, 200, 204–5, 276, 284, 304, 313, 338, 359, 373–4, 379, 411, 412; early travels abroad, 49–50, 54–7, 58–9, 60; death of his father (1930), 61–5; Dr Bernstein becomes legal guardian of, 65; The Book of Todd edited by, 69–71; enrols at Chicago Art Institute, 72; inheritance from father, 74, 185, 437, 494–5; trip to Ireland (1931–2), 75–111; and Gate Theatre: Jew Süss and other plays, 84–107, 139; and Peacock Players, 102, 106; Marching Song, 115–21, 155, 465; stays at Lac du Flambeau, 115–17, 122; Bright Lucifer’s self-portrait of, 121–7, 209, 305, 465; Everybody’s Shakespeare (in collaboration with Hill), 127, 129, 134, 146, 154, 177–85, 223, 474; trip to Morocco and Spain (1933), 128–37; pulp fiction written by, 135–6; directs Todd Troupers in Twelfth Night, 137–8; meets Woollcott, 138–40; Romeo and Juliet tour with Cornell theatre company (1933–4), 140–54, 158, 185, 313; Todd/Woodstock Theatre Festival (1934), 155–76, 181; Virginia Nicolson’s affair with, 162, 165, 174, 176; rejoins McClintic for New York run of Romeo and Juliet, 185–90, 195, 197, 198, 200; plays role of McGafferty in Panic, 197–8, 200–4, 212; Virginia’s marriage to, 198–9; ‘Voodoo’ Macbeth (1935), 222–45, 249, 256, 259, 285, 305; Carter’s relationship with, 224–6, 227, 277–8; Project 891:250–87; Horse Eats Hat, 250–62, 263, 265, 266; Ten Million Ghosts, 262–4, 266; Doctor Fanstus (1937), 266–83, 284; alcohol consumption of, 283–4; The Cradle Will Rock, 287, 288–303, 304, 313; resigns from Project 891: 301; The Second Hurricane, 302–3; Les Misérables (radio play), 304–6, 320, 372; Virginia’s relationship with, 306–7, 347, 364, 459, 473; Mercury Theatre (1937–8), 308–417 passim; Julius Caesir, 309–10, 313, 320, 321, 322–43, 346–7, 353, 355, 357–8, 448; The Director in the Theatre Today (leaflet), 313–19, 325, 392–3, 410; Mercury Theatre of the Air radio series, 336–7, 370–80, 387–9, 394, 417, 418’ Time magazine’s profile of, 341, 359–60, 361; mistresses of, 347, 387; drops The Duchess of Malfi, 358–9; earnings of, 360–1; Heartbreak House, 362–6, 367, 368; birth of daughter Christopher, 364, 387; Sherman’s defection from Mercury, 368, 369; Treasure Island (radio), 374–5, 387–9; Dracula (radio), 375–6, 378–80, 388; Too Much Johnson, 380, 383–6, 389, 390, 392, 449; débâcle of Danton’s Death, 380, 383, 389–90, 399, 404, 406, 408–12, 413, 415; The War of the Worlds (radio), 399–408, 409, 411–12, 448; and dispute over authorship of script, 406, 490–2; Campbell Playhouse radio series, 408, 417, 418–23, 426, 445, 448, 460–3, 483, 489; Rebecca (radio), 419, 420–1, 422; Five Kings co-produced with Theatre Guild, 423–45, 447, 448, 451, 492; his dislike of Maurice Evans, 424–5; anecdotal filibustering technique of, 430; East 57th Street apartment, 431–2; Green Goddess vaudeville tour, 445–8; RKO film contract, and goes to Hollywood, 451–3, 457–539; breakdown of marriage, 459, 489; Heart of Darkness (unfilmed screenplay), 463–72, 476–7, 480, 481, 487, 501, 503, 504, 558; Dolores Del Rio’s relationship with, 472–3, 527–8, 529, 561; The Smiler with a Knife (unfilmed screenplay), 477, 480–1, 485, 487; partnership with Houseman breaks up, 477–80; Mankiewicz’s relations with, 482–4, 488–9, 517–19; Citizen Kane, 484–9, 491, 493–539, 548–50, 552, 555–75, 577–8; divorced from Virginia, 489; lecture tours, 489–90, 492–3, 520–1; United Productions set up, 497, 539; Greg Toland’s work as cameraman with, 499–502, 505, 506, 507, 508–9, 510, 515; Santa (unfilmed screenplay), 528–9; his article attacking producers in The Stage, 536–8; Native Son, 540–54; His Honor the Mayor (radio), 555–7; FBI opens file on, 537; ill-health of, 560–1; premières of Citizen Kane, 561–2; and Oscar nominations, 577–8; see also Bernstein; film work; Hill; Houseman; radio work
Welles, Gideon, 163
Welles, Richard Head, Senior (father), 4–5, 6–8, 10, 11, 13, 23, 26, 27, 28, 30–1, 37, 49–52, 57–63, 151, 261, 493; alcoholism, 15, 21, 33, 50, 51, 52, 57, 58–62, 442–3; birth of son Orson, 10–12; death and funeral of (1930), 61–5; marriage to Beatrice, 8; moves to Chicago, 15, 17, 20–1; Orson’s relationship with, 28, 30–2, 33, 34, 49–50, 52, 57–63, 128; separated from Beatrice, 21; Sheffield House Hotel bought by, 50–2, 57; son Richard certified insane by, 58; travels abroad with Orson, 49–50, 54–7, 58–9; will, 73–4
Welles, Richard, Junior (brother), 8, 10, 12, 15, 23, 27, 63, 81, 119; attends Todd Seminary for Boys, 12, 15, 34; certified insane and incarcerated in Kanakee sanatorium, 58, 74; expelled from Todd Seminary, 27, 28, 34, 58; inheritance from father, 73–4
Welles, Rudolph (uncle), 6
Welles, Virginia (née Nicolson: first Mrs Welles), 162, 165, 174, 176, 198, 199, 208, 209, 222, 225, 254, 270, 271, 273, 285, 346, 384, 533; birth of Christopher, 364; breakdown of marriage, 459, 473; divorce, 489; marriage (1934), 198–9; pregnancy, 347; second marriage to Charles Lederer, 530; Welles’s relationship with, 306–7, 347, 364, 459, 473
Wells, H.G., 520; The War of the Worlds, 124, 398–408, 409, 411, 418, 520
Wells, Orson (‘Circumnavigation’), 10–11
Wells, Richard (grandfather), 6
What Price Glory?, 332
Wheelock, Ward, 461–2, 468, 489
Wheldon, Huw, 49, 568
Whipple, Sidney,
409, 414, 415, 551
White Horse Inn, The, 241
Whitman, Walt, 255
Whom the Gods Destroy (film), 175
Wickes, Mary, 391, 393, 415
Wilde, Oscar, xiv, 14
Wilder, Thornton, 138–9, 140, 144, 146, 153, 175, 179, 198, 418, 427, 556; The Long Christmas Dinner, 504; Our Town, 427, 445
Wilkerson, William (of The Hollywood Reporter), 472
Williams, Big Boy, 460
Williams, E.L., 4
Wilson, Frank, 228
Wilson, Richard, 346, 357, 428
Wiman, Dwight Deere, 117–18
Windsor Theatre, New York, 345, 357
Wings Over Europe, 45, 52, 484
Wise, Robert, 523
Witham, Barry, 299, 300
Witsen, Leo van, 383, 396
Woititz, Janet, 59
Wolfit, Donald, 110, 147
Woman Killed with Kindness, A (Heywood), 349
Woodstock, 53, 115, 117, 118, 155, 198, 362, 484; Opera House, 47, 121, 155, 161, 162, 164, 165, 181; Summer Theatre Festival (1934), 155–76, 181, 185, 267, 344
Woodward, Ellen, 299, 300
Woollcott, Alexander, 55, 139–40, 144, 146, 153, 437, 481, 532
Worklight Theatre, 308, 344; The Cradle Will Rock, revived by, 344–6, 356
Works Progress Administration (WPA), 239, 247, 265, 282, 294–301, 309
Woyzeck (Büchner), 390, 540
Wray, Fay, 472
Wren, P.C., Bean Geste, 445
Wright, Richard, Native Son, 540–8, 550–4; Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 209, 542
Writers’ Union, 211
Withering Heights (film), 499
Wyatt, Eustace, 363, 428
Wyler, William, 452, 458, 500
Wylie, Max, 372
Yates, Clarence, 219
Yeats, Jack B, 82
Yeats, W.B., 83, 90, 93, 101, 429
Yellow Jack, 186
Yiddish Art Theatre, New York, 210, 325, 352
Yokel, Alex, 357
York Mystery Circle, 344
Young, Stark, 150, 270, 275, 276, 282, 338, 339, 551, 552
Yule’s Bain Wagon Company, 4
Zatkin, Nathan, 197, 204, 207
Ziegfeld, Florenz, 210
Zolotow, Sam, 408
Zorina, Vera, 378
Zorn, George, 333, 344
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