TWENTY: ISRAEL IN EXILE
1. David A. Boruchoff, “Introduction: Instructions for Sainthood and Other Feminine Wiles in the Historiography of Isabel I,” in Boruchoff, Isabel la Católica (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), p. 4.
2. Charles Berlin, Elijah Capsali’s Seder Eliyyahu Zuta, Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, September 1962.
3. Don José Antonio Conde, Historia de la dominación de los Árabes en España, sacada de varios manuscritos y memorias arábigas (Madrid: Biblioteca de Historiadores Españoles. Marín, y Compañía, 1874), p. 320.
4. Antonio de la Torre and Luis Suárez Fernández, Documentos referentes a las relaciones con Portugal durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos (1858; Valladolid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Patronato Menéndez Pelayo, 1963), pp. 2:116–17.
5. William Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1854), vol. 1, p. 420.
6. Ibid., p. 457.
7. Peggy Liss, Isabel the Queen: Life and Times (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), p. 331.
8. Peter Martyr to Cardinal Santa Croce, June 9, 1501, in Opus Epistolarum: The Work of the Letters of Peter Martyr (London: Wellcome Library).
9. Ibid.
10. Miguel Ángel de Bunes Ibarra and Emilio Sola, La vida, y historia de Hayradin, llamado Barbarroja (Granada: Universidad de Granada, 1997), p. 43.
11. Ibid., p. 46.
12. François Soyer, “King João II of Portugal, ‘O Principe Perfeito,’ and the Jews (1481–1495),” Sefarad 69, no. 1 (2009).
13. Ibid., p. 91.
14. Ibid., p. 97.
15. Jerónimo Zurita, Historia del rey Don Hernando el Católico: De las empresas y ligas de Italia, ed. Angel Canellas López (Zaragoza: Diputación General de Aragón, 1989), pp. 2:26–29.
16. Ibid.
17. Antonio Henrique de Oliveira Marques, History of Portugal (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976), vol. I, p. 213.
18. Minna Rozen, A History of the Jewish Community in Istanbul: The Formative Years, 1453–1566 (Leiden: Brill, 2010), p. 38.
19. Aryeh Shmuelevitz, “Capsali as a Source for Ottoman History, 1450–1523,” International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 9 (1978), p. 342.
20. Martin Jacobs, “Joseph ha-Kohen, Paolo Giovio and Sixteenth-Century Historiography,” Cultural Intermediaries, Jewish Intellectuals in Early Modern Italy, ed. David B. Ruderman and Giuseppe Veltri (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004), p. 74.
21. Jane S. Gerber, The Jews of Spain: A History of the Sephardic Experience (New York: Free Press, 1994), p. xi.
22. Salma Khadra Jayyusi, ed., The Legacy of Muslim Spain (Leiden: Brill, 1994), p. xvii.
TWENTY-ONE: THREE DAUGHTERS
1. Caro Lynn, A College Professor of the Renaissance: Lucio Marineo Sículo Among the Spanish Humanists (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1937), p. 122.
2. Peter Martyr to Perdro Fagiardo, Lord of Cartagena, December 19, 1494, in Opus Epistolarum: The Work of the Letters of Peter Martyr (London: Wellcome Library).
3. Ferdinand Columbus, The Life of the Admiral Christopher Columbus: By His Son Ferdinand (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1959), p. 215.
4. Bartolomé de Las Casas, An Account, Much Abbreviated, of the Destruction of the Indies, ed. Franklin W. Knight, trans. Andrew Hurley (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2003), p. xvi.
5. Bartolomé de Las Casas, History of the Indies, trans. Andrée Collard (New York: Harper & Row, 1971), p. 71.
6. Ruth Mathilda Anderson, Hispanic Costume, 1480–1530 (New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1979), p. 142.
7. Document from Academia de la Historia Colección Salazar, A-11, fol. 288r–v, cited in Luis Suárez Fernández, Politica internacional de Isabel la Católica: Estudios y documentos (Valladolid: Universidad de Valladolid, 2002), pp. 6:108–9.
8. Nancy Rubin, Isabella of Castile: The First Renaissance Queen (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), p. 378.
9. Hernando del Pulgar, Crónica de los Señores Reyes Católicos Don Fernando y Doña Isabel de Castilla y de Aragón (Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, Librería de los Sucesores de Hernando, 1923), p. 3:65.
10. Ochoa de Isasaga to the Reyes Católicos, November 24, 1500, Estabdo Leg. 3678, fol. 17, cited in Antonio de la Torre, and Luis Suárez Fernández, Documentos referentes a las relaciones con Portugal durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos (1858; Valladolid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Patronato Menéndez Pelayo, 1963), pp. 66–69.
11. Fray Prudencio de Sandoval, Historia de la vida y hechos del emperador Carlos V (Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, Atlas, 1955), p. 22.
12. Antonio Henrique de Oliveira Marques, History of Portugal, vol. 1, From Lusitania to Empire (New York: Columbia University Press, 1972), p. 2:214.
13. Edward McMurdo, History of Portugal (London: St. Dunstan’s House, 1889), pp. 3:111–13.
14. José-Luis Martín, Isabel la Católica: sus hijas y las damas de su corte, modelos de doncellas, casadas y viudas, en el Carro de las Doñas, 1542 (Ávila: Diputación Provincial de Ávila, Institución “Gran Duque de Alba,” 2001), p. 109.
15. Sandoval, Historia de la vida y hechos, p. 20.
16. King Henry VII to Reyes, November 28, 1501, in Calendar of Letters, Despatches, and State Papers, Relating to the Negotiations Between England and Spain, preserved in the Archives of Simancas and Elsewhere, vol. 1, Henry VII: 1485–1509, ed. Gustav Bergenroth (London: Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury, 1862).
17. Giles Tremlett, Catherine of Aragon: The Spanish Queen of Henry VIII (New York: Walker & Co., 2010), p. 81.
18. Garrett Mattingly, Catherine of Aragon (New York: Quality Paperback Books, 1941), p. 55.
19. Christopher Hare, The High and Puissant Princess Marguerite of Austria, Princess Dowager of Spain, Duchess Dowager of Savoy, Regent of the Netherlands (New York: Charles Scribner & Sons, 1907), p. 79.
20. Bethany Aram, Juana the Mad: Sovereignty and Dynasty in Renaissance Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005), p. 35.
21. Ibid., p. 47.
22. Subprior of Santa Cruz to Fernando and Isabel, January 15, 1499, Archivo General de Simancas, Patronato Real 52–116, cited ibid., pp. 48, 49.
23. Rubin, Isabella of Castile, p. 377.
24. Jacobo Stuart Fitz-James and Falcó Alba, Correspondencia de Gutierre Gómez de Fuensalida (Madrid: Imprenta Alemana, 1907), p. xxvii.
25. Ibid., p. xxv.
26. Tomás de Matienzo to Fernando and Isabel, January 15, 1499, Archivo General de Simancas, Patronato Real 52–116, cited in Aram, Juana the Mad, p. 52.
27. Subprior of Santa Cruz to Isabella, January 15, 1499, in Bergenroth, ed., Calendar of Letters, Despatches, and State Papers.
28. Peter Martyr to Cardinal Santa Croce, September 20, 1502, in Opus Epistolarum.
29. Peter Martyr to Cardinal Santa Croce, December 19, 1503, ibid.
30. Stuart Fitz-James and Alba, Correspondencia de Gómez de Fuensalida, p. ix.
31. Peter Martyr to Cardinal Santa Croce, March 10, 1503, in Opus Epistolarum.
32. Vicente Rodríguez Valencia, Isabel la Católica en la opinión de españoles y extranjeros, siglos XV al XX (Valladolid: Instituto “Isabel la Católica” de Historia Eclesiástica, 1970), p. 1:278.
33. Alonso de Santa Cruz, Crónica de los Reyes Católicos, ed. Juan de Mata Carriazo y Arroquia (Seville: Escuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos de Sevilla, 1951), p. 302.
34. Aram, Juana the Mad, p. 77.
35. Santa Cruz, Crónica de los Reyes Católicos, p. 302.
36. Tremlett, Catherine of Aragon, p. 99.
TWENTY-TWO: A CHURCH WITHOUT A SHEPHERD
1. Vicente Rodríguez Valencia, Isabel la Católica en la opinión de españoles y extranjeros, siglos XV al XX (Valladolid: Instituto “Isabel la Católica” de Historia Eclesiástica, 1970), p. 1:278.
2. Mary Purcell, The Great Captain: Go
nzalo Fernández de Córdoba (New York: Alvin Redman, 1963), p. 155.
3. Ibid., p. 158.
4. Charles Oman, A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1937), p. 55.
5. Peter Martyr to archbishop and count, January 12, 1504, in Opus Epistolarum: The Work of the Letters of Peter Martyr (London: Wellcome Library).
6. Ibid., p. 178.
7. Tarsicio de Azcona, Juana de Castilla, mal llamada La Beltraneja, 1462–1530 (Madrid: Fundación Universitaria Española, 1998), p. 65.
8. Peter Martyr to archbishop and count, January 12, 1504, in Opus Epistolarum.
9. Peter Martyr to archbishop of Granada, November 1, 1503, ibid.
10. Desmond Seward, The Burning of the Vanities: Savonarola and the Borgia Pope (Stroud, U.K.: Sutton, 2006), p. 221.
11. Ibid., p. 229.
12. Fray Prudencio de Sandoval, Historia de la Vida y Hechos del Emperador Carlos V, Biblioteca de Autores Españoles (Madrid: Atlas, 1955), p. 22.
13. Ibid., pp. 250–51.
14. Francisco Javier Sánchez Cantón, Libros, tapices y cuadros que collecciónó Isabel la Católica (Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 1950), p. 54.
15. Nancy Rubin, Isabella of Castile: The First Renaissance Queen (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), pp. 337–38.
16. Ibid., p. 367.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid., p. 339.
19. Jerónimo Zurita, Historia del rey Don Hernando el Católico: De las empresas y ligas de Italia (Zaragoza: Diputacion General de Aragón, 1989), pp. 2:6–7.
20. William Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, p. 502.
21. Ibid.
22. Jean Lucas-Dubreton, The Borgias (New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1955), p. 159.
23. Peter Martyr to Count of Tendilla and Archbishop of Granada, November 10, 1503, in Opus Epistolarum.
24. Pope Julius II, December 26, 1503, Calendar of State Papers, Spain.
25. Fusero Clemente, The Borgias, trans. Peter Green (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1972), p. 278.
26. Prescott, History of the Reign, p. 585.
TWENTY-THREE: THE DEATH OF QUEEN ISABELLA
1. Isabel to King Manuel of Portugal, November 21, 1501, in Documentos referentes a las relaciones con Portugal durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos, ed. Antonio de la Torre and Luis Suárez Fernández (1858; Valladolid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Patronato Menéndez Pelayo, 1963), pp. 3:106–7.
2. Peter Martyr to Count of Tendilla and Archbishop Talavera, October 3, 1504, in Opus Epistolarum: The Work of the Letters of Peter Martyr (London: Wellcome Library).
3. Peter Martyr to Licenciate Polancus, Royal Counselor, October 15, 1504, ibid.
4. Catherine, Princess of Wales, to Queen Isabella, November 26, 1504, in Calendar of Letters, Despatches, and State Papers, Relating to the Negotiations Between England and Spain, preserved in the Archives of Simancas and Elsewhere, vol. 1, Henry VII: 1485–1509, ed. Gustav Bergenroth (London: Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury, 1862).
5. Bishop of Worcester to Henry VII, March 15, 1505, ibid.
6. Jerónimo Zurita, Historia del rey Don Hernando el Católico: De las empresas y ligas de Italia, ed. Ángel Canellas López (Zaragoza: Diputación General de Aragón, 1989), p. 3:331.
7. Alonso de Santa Cruz, Crónica de los Reyes Católicos, ed. Juan de Mata Carriazo y Arroquia (Seville: Escuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos de Sevilla, 1951), p. 2:303.
8. Zurita, Historia del Rey, pp. 328–29.
9. Baldesar Castiglione, The Book of the Courtier, trans. Charles S. Singleton (Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Books, 1959), p. 237.
10. Ibid., p. 238.
11. Philippe de Commynes, The Memoirs of Philip de Comines, Lord of Argenton (London: G. and W. B. Whittaker, 1823), p. 2:402.
12. Testamento de la Reina Isabel la Católica, Publicaciones del quinto centenario, 1504–2004, Granada, p. 59.
13. Nancy Rubin, Isabella of Castile: The First Renaissance Queen (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), p. 414.
14. Ibid.
15. Testamento de la Reina Isabel la Católica, p. 59.
16. Peter Martyr to Ferdinand of Aragon, December 25, 1504, in Opus Epistolarum.
17. Ibid.
18. Juan Antonio Vilar Sánchez, Los Reyes Católicos en la Alhambra (Granada: Editorial COMARES, 2007), pp. 135–37; and Juan Manuel Barrios Rozva, Guía de la Granada Desaparecida (Granada: Editorial COMARES, 2006), pp. 131–33.
TWENTY-FOUR: THE WORLD AFTER ISABELLA
1. King Ferdinand to King Henry VII, November 26, 1504, in Calendar of Letters, Despatches, and State Papers, Relating to the Negotiations Between England and Spain, Preserved in the Archives of Simancas and Elsewhere, vol. 1, Henry VII: 1485–1509, ed. Gustav Bergenroth (London: Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury, 1862).
2. Tarsicio de Azcona, Isabel la Católica: Estudio crítico de su vida y su reinado (Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1993), p. 951.
3. Chiyo Ishikawa, The retablo of Isabel la Católica (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2004), pp. 5–8.
4. Azcona, Isabel la Católica, p. 951.
5. Peter Martyr, Opus Epistolarum: The Work of the Letters of Peter Martyr (London: Wellcome Library), vol. 3, letter 285.
6. Bethany Aram, Juana the Mad: Sovereignty and Dynasty in Renaissance Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005), pp. 77–78.
7. Jacobo Stuart Fitz-James and Falcó Alba, Correspondencia de Gutierre Gómez de Fuensalida (Madrid: Imprenta Alemana, 1907), p. 389.
8. Peter Martyr to Archbishop of Granada, August 4, 1505, in Opus Epistolarum.
9. Aram, Juana the Mad, p. 82.
10. Ibid., p. 80.
11. Vincenzo Quirini to the Signory, September 1505, Calendar of State Papers Relating to English Affairs in the Archives of Venice, vol. 1, 1502–1509, ed. Rawdon Brown (Great Britain: National Archives, 1864), pp. 300–10.
12. Quirini to the Signory, April 4, 1506, ibid.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Quirini to the Sigorny, April 4, 1506, April 16, 1506, ibid.
16. Philibert Naturel to Philip le Beau, June 7, 1506, LM 24195, correspondence of Margaret of Austria, Archives du Nord, Lille, France.
17. King Ferdinand to De Puebla, December 1505, Calendar of Letters, Despatches, and State Papers, Relating to the Negotiations Between England and Spain, Preserved in the Archives of Simancas and Elsewhere, vol. 1, Henry VII: 1485–1509, ed. Gustav Bergenroth (London: Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury, 1862).
18. James Braybroke to Henry VII, July 1505, ibid.
19. Maximilian de Austria, 1505, in Fernando Díaz-Plaja, Historia de España en sus documentos, siglo XVI (Madrid: Ediciones Catedra, 1988).
20. April 4, 1506, Brussels, September 9, 1505, in Brown, ed., Calendar of State Papers Relating to English Affairs, vol. 1.
21. Peter Martyr, in Opus Epistolarum, vol. 3, letter 300.
22. Ibid., letter 311.
23. Aram, Juana the Mad, p. 88.
24. Elaine Sanceau, The Reign of the Fortunate King, 1495–1521 (New York: Archon Books, 1970), p. 140.
25. Aram, Juana the Mad, p. 10.
26. Annemarie Jordan, The Development of Catherine of Austria’s Collection in the Queen’s Household: Its Character and Cost (London: Simon & Schuster, 2010).
27. Mary Purcell, The Great Captain: Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (New York: Alvin Redman, 1963), p. 190.
28. Ibid., p. 159.
29. Bartolomé de Las Casas, History of the Indies, trans. and ed. Andrée Collard (New York: Harper & Row, 1971), pp. 138–39.
30. Roger Bigelow Merriman, The Rise of the Spanish Empire in the Old World and the New (New York: Cooper Square, 1962), vol. 1, p. 213.
31. Las Casas, History of the Indies, p. 35.
32. Peter Martyr to Luis Hurtado de Mendoza, December 31, 1514
, in Opus Epistolarum, epistle 542.
33. Robert C. Davis, Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast, and Italy, 1500–1800 (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), p. xiv.
34. V. J. Parry, A History of the Ottoman Empire to 1730 (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1976), p. 64.
35. Ishikawa, The retablo of Isabel la Católica, p. 1.
36. Peter Martyr to Marquess of Mondejar, December 5, 1515, in Opus Epistolarum.
37. Tom Mueller, “CSI: Italian Renaissance,” Smithsonian, July–August 2013.
38. G. González Dávila, Teatro de Las Grandeza de la Villa de Madrid (Madrid, 1623), quoted in Clarence Henry Haring, Trade and Navigation Between Spain and the Indies (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1964), pp. xii and xiii.
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