Jackie’s letter to Lady Bird Johnson after the death of President Lyndon Johnson can be found in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library.
I referred to the extensive research for my television report “The Secret World of Jackie Kennedy,” A Current Affair, July 16, 1993.
PART TEN. ROSEMARY AND ROSE
I referred to my interview with Sister Joseph Marie conducted on April 1, 2002.
I also referred to my interviews with Barbara Gibson and High Sidey.
Also, I relied on Cathy Griffin’s interview with Larry Newman and Sancy Newman.
Volumes referred to: This Awesome Challenge, by Michael Amrine; In Her Sister’s Shadow, by Diana DuBois; Growing Up Kennedy, by Harrison Raine and John Quinn; America’s First Ladies, by Christine Sadler; With Kennedy, by Pierre Salinger; The Kennedy Courage, by Edward Hymoff and Phil Hirsch; The Kennedy Women, by Laurence Leamer; Sarge: The Life and Times of Sargent Shriver, by Scott Stossel; The Kennedys: The Third Generation, by Barbara Gibson and Ted Schwartz; Kennedy Wives, Kennedy Women, by Nancy Gager; Joan: The Reluctant Kennedy, by David Lester; Rose Kennedy and Her Family, by Barbara Gibson and Ted Schwartz; Times to Remember, by Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy; Ted Kennedy: Profile of a Survivor, by William H. Honan; The Joy of Classical Music: A Guide for You and Your Family, by Joan Kennedy; The Last Brother, by Joe McGinniss; The Senator: My Ten Years with Ted Kennedy, by Richard E. Burke; The Kennedy Family, by Joseph Dineen; The Next Kennedy, by Margaret Laing; Good Ted, Bad Ted, by Lester David; The Sins of the Father, by Ronald Kessler; The Kennedy Children, by Bill Adler; Washington Exposé, by Jack Anderson; As We Remember Her, by Carl Sferrazza Anthony; The Kennedy Women, by Pearl S. Buck; The Onassis Women, by Kiki Feroudi Moutsatsos; Cooking for Madam, by Marta Sgubin; The Shadow President, by Burton Hersh.
Some of the quotes from Eunice, Jean, and Patricia Kennedy found here and in other parts of this book are from the article “She Wanted to Inspire Us and She Did,” by Dotson Rader, Parade, July 22, 1990.
I also referred to A&E Biography, “Rose Kennedy.”
I referred to my extensive research for “Rose Kennedy: The Family’s Power,” for A Current Affair, November 3, 1992.
Articles referred to: “The Kennedys Gather and Say in Loving Ways, ‘Thanks a Lot, Grandma’ ” (no attribution), People, September 22, 1975; “A Kennedy Walks with Memories,” by Steve Tinney, Copley News Service, April 20, 1977; “La Vie en Rose” by Carl Sferrazza Anthony, Fame, August 1990; “The Stylishness of Her Privacy,” by Lance Morrow, Time, May 30, 1994; “Rose Kennedy Is Dead at 104,” by Rob Speyer and Corky Siemaszko, New York Daily News, January 23, 1995; “Rose Kennedy Dies at 104,” by Bryna Taubman, New York Post, January 23, 1995; “Rose Kennedy, 104, Dies; Matriarch of a Dynasty,” by John Goldman, Los Angeles Times, January 25, 1995; “Death of a Matriarch,” by Elizabeth Gleich, Time, February 6, 1995; “TV: In the Service of the President,” by Dorothy Rabinowitz, Wall Street Journal, December 22, 1997.
I also referred to a tape of The Joan Rivers Show, a special program about the Kennedys with John Davis, Cindy Adams, Barbara Gibson, and James Bacon, broadcast on January 11, 1992.
PART ELEVEN. SHRIVER FOR PRESIDENT
I referred to my interviews with High Sidey, Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Barbara Gibson, Senator George Smathers, and Pierre Salinger.
A confidential source relayed the story of Jackie’s contentious exchange with Stephen Smith.
Volumes referred to: Sarge: The Life and Times of Sargent Shriver, by Scott Stossel; Jackie O, by Hedda Lyons Watney; Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, by Lester David; Robert Kennedy and His Times, by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.; A Thousand Days, by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
I also referred to a tape of “The Kennedys in Hollywood” (E!), which includes interviews with Barbara Gibson, Paul Fay, Oleg Cassini, John Davis, and Lynn Franklin (broadcast on August 26, 1998).
PART TWELVE. TED’S 1980 CAMPAIGN
I referred to my interviews with Dun Gifford, Senator John Tunney, Senator George Smathers, Richard Burke, Hugh Sidey, and Barbara Gibson.
Marcia Chellis was interviewed by Cathy Griffin in September 1998. Also, some of her comments elsewhere in this book were drawn from her interview with People Are Talking, San Francisco, 1985.
I also referred to Cathy Griffin’s interview with Noelle Bombardier.
Volumes referred to: True Compass, by Ted Kennedy; My Life with Joan Kennedy, by Marcia Chellis; Jackie: The Exploitation of a First Lady, by Irving Shulman; Senatorial Privilege, by Leo Damore; John F. Kennedy Jr., by J. D. Reed, Kyle Smith, and Jill Smolowe; The Kennedys: An American Drama, by Peter Collier and David Horowitz; Ted Kennedy: Triumphs and Tragedies, by Lester David; Joan: The Reluctant Kennedy, by Lester David; A Portrait of a President, by William Manchester; Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy, by Mary Van Rensselaer Thayer; Good Ted, Bad Ted, by Lester David; The Last Lion, edited by Peter Canellos; The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation, by Edward Shorter.
Articles referred to: “Joan Kennedy: The Life That Put Her in Silver Hill,” by Liz Smith, People, June 24, 1974; “Ted Kennedy Whips into Iowa…,” by Clare Crawford-Mason, People, July 2, 1975; “Watch Them Run: Teddy and the Kennedys,” by Dick Schaap, Look, March 5, 1979; “Kennedy Women Say OK,” Associated Press, Los Angeles Times, September 7, 1979; “The Kennedy Challenge,” by Frank Merrick, Time, November 5, 1979; “Teddy the Underdog Flies into the Main Event,” by Myra MacPerson, Washington Post, February 10, 1980; “Closing Scenes from a Kennedy Marriage,” by Myra MacPherson, Washington Post, January 22, 1981; “Ted and Joan Kennedy: Why This Marriage Couldn’t Be Saved” (no author attribution), Ladies’ Home Journal, March 1983; “Joan Kennedy Book and Ethics,” by Eunice Kennedy Shriver, Chicago Tribune, November 5, 1985.
I referred to a videotape of Ted Kennedy’s interview with Roger Mudd.
I referred to Jackie Kennedy Onassis letters to Joan Kennedy written in 1979 that were auctioned by Alexander Autographs of Stamford, Connecticut.
PART THIRTEEN. DAVID’S STORY
Interviews referred to: Richard Burke, John Fitzgerald, Howell Van Gerbig Jr., Terrence Murphy, Leah Mason, Josephine Dampier, Gerald Beebe, as well as Cathy Griffin’s interview with Noelle Bombardier. I interviewed Ed Guthman in January 2006 and used his comments for background purposes here and throughout the book.
Volumes referred to: The Kennedys: An American Drama, by Peter Collier and David Horowitz; Behind Blue Eyes: The Biography of David Anthony Kennedy, by Grahame Bedford; The Senator, by Richard Burke; JFK: The Man and the Myth, by Victor Lasky; RFK, by Dick Schapp; The Pleasure of His Company, by Paul B. Fay Jr.; Jacqueline Kennedy, by Deanne and David Heller; Jackie: A Legend Defined, edited by Claire G. Osborne; Teddy Bare, by Zad Rust; A Life on the Edge, by Jim Whitaker; When I Think of Bobby, by Warren Rogers; An Honorable Profession, edited by Pierre Salinger et al.; Jackie, Bobby, and Manchester, by Arnold Bennett; The Other Mrs. Kennedy, by Jerry Oppenheimer; Ethel, by Lester David; Robert Kennedy and His Times, by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
A very important volume relating to Eunice Kennedy Shriver and her work for mental retardation is the previously mentioned The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation, by Edward Shorter. I referred to this well-researched and reliable book to confirm certain aspects of my research concerning Eunice’s disagreements with her siblings over the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foundation. I also referred to voluminous Kennedy notes and minutes of meetings having to do with the Kennedys’ interest in mental retardation—all found in the John Fitzgerald Presidential Library archives—and had several confidential sources regarding the Kennedy family’s “revolt” against Eunice in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
Articles referred to: “Ethel Kennedy Today,” by Adele Whitely Fletcher, Lady’s Circle, September 1969; “Joan Kennedy Surveys Her Sober Life,” by Gail Jennes, People, August 7, 1978; “David Kennedy—1955–1984,” by Peter Carlson, People, May 14, 1984.
PART FOURTEEN. KENNEDY UPHEAVAL
Inter
views referred to: Peter Lawford, Milt Ebbins, Bernie Abramson, Patricia Brennan.
Again, in regard to the Kennedy family “revolt,” I referred to the minutes of Kennedy Foundation meetings held in 1977 and 1984 as well as additional information provided to me by a confidential source.
Sargent Shriver told me the story of his stomach cancer scare when I met him in 2002.
Volumes referred to: Symptoms of Withdrawal, by Christopher Kennedy Lawford; Peter Lawford: The Man Who Kept the Secrets, by James Spada; The Peter Lawford Story, by Patricia Seaton Lawford; The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation, by Edward Shorter; The Founding Father, by Richard Whalen; The Remarkable Kennedys, by Joe McCarthy; Life with Rose Kennedy, by Barbara Gibson; “Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye,” by Kenneth P. O’Donnell and David F. Powers with Joe McCarthy; The Kennedys: An American Drama, by Peter Collier and David Horowitz; Times to Remember, by Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy.
Articles referred to: “Ethel Kennedy and the Arithmetic of Life and Death,” by Gail Sheehy, New York, June 17, 1968; “The Secrets of Joan Kennedy,” People, September 23, 1985; The Ted Kennedy Story (special tribute magazine), 1970; “An Intimate Visit: Rose Kennedy at 80,” by Sylvia Wright, Life, July 17, 1970; “Joan Kennedy: The Life That Put Her into Silver Hill,” by Liz Smith, People, June 24, 1971; “Rose Kennedy at 85,” People, September 22, 1975; “Joan Kennedy Surveys Her Sober Life,” by Gail Jennes, People, August 7, 1978; “Joan’s Journey,” by Myra MacPherson, Washington Post, December 14, 1979; “Watch Them Run: Teddy and the Kennedys,” by Dick Schaap, Look, March 5, 1979; “Is Teddy Ready?,” by Clare Crawford-Mason, People, July 2, 1979; “Joan Kennedy Silences Reporters,” by T. R. Reid, Washington Post, January 19, 1980; “Women Stand Up for Joan Kennedy,” by Maxine Cheshire, Washington Post, October 22, 1980; “Closing Scenes from a Kennedy Marriage,” by Myra MacPherson, Washington Post, January 22, 1981; “After 24 Years, Joan Kennedy Ends Marriage,” by Gail Jennes and Gioia Diliberto, People, December 20, 1982; “Ted and Joan: Why This Marriage Couldn’t Be Saved” (no author attribution), Ladies’ Home Journal, March 1983; “Peter Lawford Dies,” Los Angeles Times, December 26, 1984; “Kennedy Linen Hung on the Line,” by Paul Taylor, Washington Post, September 29, 1985; “Joan Kennedy: Book Contains Inaccuracies,” Associated Press, October 18, 1985; “The Joan Kennedy Book and Ethics,” by Eunice Kennedy Shriver, New York Daily News, November 4, 1985; “Marcia Chellis,” by Cheryl Lavin, Chicago Tribune, June 1, 1986; “The Lucky Life of Sargent Shriver,” Chicago Tribune, July 30, 1987; “The Other Jackie O.,” Edward Klein, Vanity Fair, August 1989; “How I Got Over: Interview with Joan Kennedy,” by John Stratford, Star, August 1, 1989; “La Vie en Rose,” by Carl Sferrazza Anthony, Fame, August 1990; “Richard Burke: My Ten Year Binge with Teddy,” by Frank DiGiacomo and Joanna Molloy, New York Post, July 27, 1992; “Chappaquiddick Questions Remain,” UPI, July 18, 1994; “Rose Kennedy Dies at 104,” by Bryna Taubman, New York Post, January 23, 1995; “Farewell Rose,” by Bob Speyer and Corky Siemaszko, Daily News, January 23, 1995; “Death of a Matriarch,” by Elizabeth Gleick, Time, February 6, 1995; “Ethel K. Gives Trashman a Trashing,” by Gayle Fee and Laura Raposa, Boston Herald, July 17, 1997; “Bobby’s Kids,” by Michael Shnayerson, Vanity Fair, August 1997; “A Life of Challenge,” by Maxwell Taylor Kennedy, Inside Borders, June 1998; “We Happy Few,” by Joseph P. Kennedy II, Esquire, June 1998; “Sad Tale of an Unraveling Marriage,” by Liz Smith, New York Post, January 18, 2000.
PART FIFTEEN. CAROLINE, JOHN, AND MAURICE
Interviews referred to: Barbara Gibson, Robert McNamara, Lisa McClintock, Steven Styles, Marian Ronan, Roswell Gilpatric, Stanley Gottwig, Steve Heaslip (June 15, 2010), Joan Braden, Mary Fonteyn, Paul B. Fay Jr., Sancy Newman, Chuck Spalding, Lawrence Alexander, Larry Newman, Joseph Paolella, Joseph Livingston, Ted Livingston, Joe Gargan, Mary Lou McCarthy, Bess Abel, Betty Beale, Oleg Cassini, Paul B. Fay Jr., David Lester, Lem Billings, Morton Downey Jr., Luella Hennessey, Frank Mankiewicz, Jeanne Martin.
Cathy Griffin interviewed Ellis Amburn on May 20, 2010, and though we did not use any of his quotes, we did utilize his memories for background purposes and appreciate his cooperation.
The letters from Lyndon Johnson to John and Caroline Kennedy and from Jackie Kennedy Onassis to Johnson can be found in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library.
Volumes referred to: The Kennedys: Dynasty and Disaster, by John H. Davis; John F. Kennedy, by Hugh Sidey; The JFK Jr. Scrapbook, by Stephen Spignesi; Life with My Sister Madonna, by Christopher Ciccone; Madonna: An Intimate Biography, by J. Randy Taraborrelli.
Articles referred to: “How Caroline and John Remember Their Father,” by David E. Powers, McCall’s, November 1973; “Ted Kennedy’s Memories of JFK,” by Theodore Sorensen, McCall’s, November 1973; “Four Generations of Kennedys Together Again,” by Jim Nelson, Star, July 1995; “Of Movies and Peanut Butter,” by Liz Smith, Los Angeles Times, November 16, 1995.
PART SIXTEEN. WILLIAM KENNEDY SMITH AND THE PALM BEACH SCANDAL
I referred to my interviews with Dominick Dunne, Barbara Gibson, Senator George Smathers, Siobhan Walsh, Elliot Newman, Steven Silas, Betty LeRoy Thomson, Peter Dilliard, Frank Mankiewicz, Stephen Webb, Inez Foxworthy, Sheridan Bonswell, Patricia Moran, David Powers (questionnaire), and Joe Gargan (questionnaire). Moreover, two Kennedy family attorneys, both of whom have asked for anonymity, painted the story of Ted Kennedy’s meeting with Eunice Kennedy Shriver in January 1991.
I also utilized several confidential sources, all of whom are attorneys who worked for the Kennedy family, for this section of the book. I also referred to numerous court transcripts of the trial.
Volumes referred to: True Compass, by Ted Kennedy; Teddy Kennedy: Triumphs and Tragedies, by Lester David; Ethel, by Lester David; Rose, by Gail Cameron.
I referred to Oprah Winfrey’s interview with Victoria Reggie Kennedy, November 25, 2009.
Of course I referred to numerous published newspaper accounts of the 1991 trial of William Kennedy Smith, more than space would allow me to detail here. I also referred to “Boys’ Night Out in Palm Beach,” by Michelle Green, People, April 22, 1981.
Of additional interest: Patrick Kennedy has acknowledged being treated for cocaine use during his teenage years, and admitted that he abused drugs and alcohol while he was a student at Providence College. He sought treatment for an OxyContin addiction in 2006.
In May 2006, Patrick admitted that he had an addiction to prescription medication and announced he would be readmitting himself to a drug rehab facility at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota where he has sought treatment for prior addictions. He was released a month later. In June 2009, he again announced that he had “checked into a medical facility for treatment.” In a statement to the press, he said his recovery is a “lifelong process” and that he will do whatever it takes to preserve his health. “I have decided to temporarily step away from my normal routine to ensure that I am being as vigilant as possible in my recovery.”
Mr. Kennedy has publicly acknowledged suffering from a bipolar condition, as well as from depression. “I myself have suffered from depression,” he said during a forum about mental health and senior citizens in March 2000. “I have been treated by psychiatrists. Oh my God, it’s out!” he exclaimed, prompting laughter from the crowd. “That’s another skeleton in the closet,” he continued. “But I’m here to tell you, thank God I got treatment because I wouldn’t be as strong as I am today if I didn’t get that treatment.”
Ted Jr. has publicly acknowledged that he was treated in 1991 for alcohol abuse, at the Institute of Living, a Hartford, Connecticut, alcohol rehab facility. He said he committed himself to his recovery because “continued use of alcohol is impairing my ability to achieve the goals I care about.” Kennedy was twenty-nine at the time and had received his master’s degree earlier that year from the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. Said his father, Ted, at the time, “I am very proud of the decision he has made.”
I referred to Cathy Griffin’s interviews with Edmund M. Reggie (August 4, 1998), James Cummings, Sheila Rauch Kennedy (June 1998), and my interviews with Patricia Brennan.
I also referred to Joan Kennedy’s letter to Cathy Griffin, November 19, 1998: “Thank you for the nice things you have thought about me over the past 40 years since I became Mrs. K,” she wrote in part. “Fortunately, I am well and happy in this present stage of my life—the joy of spending a lot of time with my four grandchildren and enjoying my part-time job as Chairperson of Boston’s Cultural Council and serving on the Board of Directors of four great Boston institutions. I am blessed with many dear friends whom I have known since my college days, and I still play the piano or narrate with orchestras for a favorite charity.”
Volumes referred to: Shattered Faith: A Woman’s Struggle to Stop the Catholic Church from Annulling Her Marriage, by Sheila Rauch Kennedy; Living with the Kennedys: The Joan Kennedy Story, by Marcia Chellis; The Kennedys: The Third Generation, by Barbara Gibson and Ted Schwartz; The Senator, by Richard E. Burke; The Magnificient Kennedy Women, by Stanley P. Friedman; Jackie: Her Life in Pictures, by James Spada; America’s First Ladies, by Christine Sadler; Kennedy, by Theodore Sorensen; Kennedy Weddings, by Jay Mulvaney; Kennedy Wives, Kennedy Women, by Nancy Gager.
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