by James Joyce
Kershner, R. Brandon. Joyce, Bakhtin, and Popular Literature: Chronicles of Disorder. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989.
Norris, Margot. Suspicious Readings of Joyce’s “Dubliners. ” Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
Scholes, Robert, and Richard M. Kain, eds. The Workshop of Daedalus: James Joyce and the Raw Materials for “A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. ” Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1965.
Seidel, Michael. James Joyce: A Short Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell, 2002.
Torchiana, Donald T. Backgrounds for Joyce’s “Dubliners. ” Boston: Allen and Unwin, 1986.
Wollaeger, Mark A., ed. James Joyce’s “A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man”: A Casebook. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
a And he applies his mind to obscure arts (Latin); said of Dædalus, who, in a Greek myth, made wings for himself and his son, Icarus, to escape the labyrinth of the Minotaur.
b Monocle.
c Candy.
d From the song “Lily Dale”; in this bowdlerized version, the word “grave” in the second line is replaced with “place.”
e Waterproof sheet used in cases of bedwetting.
f Strange.
g Dance tune.
h Stephen’s childish pronunciation of “auntie.”
i Cupboard or cabinet.
j Lozenge.
k Teachers.
l His age- and grade-level cohort in the school.
m Football shin-guards in his locker.
n Here, not a post-secondary institution but a private boys’ preparatory school.
o Clongowes Wood College, which still operates today, is housed in buildings originally constructed as a castle.
p To inform; to “fink” or “rat” on someone.
q Chief administrator of the college.
r Long, black gown worn by the Jesuits.
s Irish patriot and friend of Irish republican Wolfe Tone (see footnote on p. 162) who sought shelter in the castle in 1794 when wanted by the British authorities.
t Barrier, such as a fence, set within a ditch.
u Religious group-in this case, the Jesuits.
v Abbey 100 miles northwest of London; Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (1475-1530) died there.
w Open cesspool on the school grounds.
x Chestnut used in a children’s game, in which one chestnut was swung by an attached string against another until one was destroyed.
y Protective metal guard in front of a fireplace.
z Obsequious favorite; we would say “teacher’s pet.”
aa Hotel in downtown Dublin.
ab The houses (families) York and Lancaster were the opponents in the Wars of the
Roses (1455-1485).
ac Fit of anger.
ad Early schooling in spelling, arithmetic, geography, history, Latin, and writing.
ae Affluent suburb on the coast south of Dublin, in County Wicklow.
af County Offaly location of the Jesuit novitiate.
ag Shelf within a fireplace.
ah Hot whiskey punch, or “toddy.”
ai The opening lines of matins, early-morning prayers.
aj Peat, dried and burned as fuel.
ak Village near Clongowes.
al Horse-drawn hackney coaches, or “hacks.”
am Prayer near the close of compline, the last prayer session of the day.
an Parish, including Sallins, in which Irish republican Wolfe Tone (see footnote on p.
162) is buried.
ao Hill near the Sallins railway station.
ap A practical joke.
aq Malingering.
ar The vice-rector of Clongowes.
as Member of the Jesuit order who has not taken priestly orders.
at Long cloak made from a semicircle of cloth.
au Raised platform upon which the body of the deceased is laid.
av Anonymous nursery rhyme.
aw Beef bouillon.
ax Athy, in County Kildare, is about 26 miles from Clongowes.
ay Daniel O’Connell (1775-1847), chief architect of Catholic Emancipation (the return of civil rights to Catholics) in 1829.
az Essays written to set topics.
ba Irish nationalist leader Charles Stewart Parnell (see endnote 1) died on October 6, 1891.
bb Footstool.
bc Long, narrow mirror.
bd Bray Head, geographic landmark at the southern end of Dublin Bay.
be Mr. Casey may be referring to the manufacture of explosives for terrorist violence.
bf Folds of loose skin under the throat.
bg Common Catholic grace said before meals.
bh Small club, similar to the “blackjack,” made of a hard core of whalebone covered in leather.
bi Waist-length black jacket with wide lapels; worn by the boys at Eton College preparatory school in England.
bj Member of a religious order.
bk Reference to the Bible, Luke 17:1-2.
bl Fatty flap of skin over the rump of a roasted fowl.
bm Stephen’s father is referring to William J. Walsh, archbishop of Dublin, and Michael Logue, archbishop of Armagh, in the province of Ulster, northern Ireland.
bn A conservative politician and landlord, Leitrim was murdered in 1877 in County Donegal by a vengeful tenant farmer; his coachman attempted to defend him from the attack. The reference is to one who aids his oppressor.
bo Part of the Appalachian mountain range in the eastern United States.
bp Anotherword for trinkets.
bq Thelitany often forms part of evening prayers; “tower of ivory,” “house of gold,” and “morning star” are among the phrases used to describe the Blessed Virgin’s glories.
br Tag.
bs 25miles south of Bray on the eastern coast of Ireland.
bt Charles Stewart Parnell (see endnote 1).
bu Hag.
bv Chewing tobacco.
bw Table; hospitality.
bx Village near Killiney Hill, in County Wicklow.
by Irelandwas still part of the United Kingdom and Queen Victoria her queen. Mrs. Riordan (“Dante”) showed her Irish nationalist streak by attacking this show of loyalty to the crown.
bz The Whiteboys were an eighteenth-century group of oppressed tenants organized against the abuses of British absentee landlords.
ca Dining table.
cb Mrs. Riordan misattributes this Old Testament passage (Zacharias 2:8) to Christ.
cc (1803-1878); first Irishman named to the College of Cardinals; an ardent anti-nationalist.
cd 3 miles from Cellbridge, in County Wicklow.
ce Stolen.
cf Ran away.
cg In a church, the storage area for sacred vessels and vestments.
ch White vestments with loose sleeves, worn by those presiding over church services.
ci Server at a Mass who carries the receptacle containing the incense to be burned in the censer.
cj Terms for various types of cricket bowls.
ck Open latrines.
cl Said to be slang for a form of homosexual petting; what seems more significant here is the way it both names and refuses to name some form of forbidden activity, so that Stephen’s imagination is left to its own devices.
cm Water closets; toilets.
cn Figure in Caesar’s text on the Gallic wars, De Bella Gallico.
co A beating on the palms of the hands: six strokes on each, followed by eight on each.
cp Strokes.
cq Assistant to the rector, responsible for academic oversight of the school.
cr In his best interest.
cs Nine strokes on each hand-the maximum allowed.
ct Gold or silver vessel in which the host is displayed during the part of the Mass known as the Eucharist (Communion).
cu The part of the Catholic Mass in which the priest shows the eucharistic host to those in attendance and blesses them with it.
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br /> cv This bit of school lore is almost certainly false, since Napoleon had renounced the Church.
cw The sea (Latin).
cx The text describes the chain of command within the Jesuit order.
cy The Society of Jesus, an order within the Catholic Church founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556); its members are known especially for their learning.
cz That is, hold out your hands for disciplining; the Latin word for this phrase, pande, gives the pandybat and pandying their names.
da Quotation from William Shakespeare’s Macbeth (act 5, scene 5).
db Period of preparation for Easter, beginning with Ash Wednesday and comprising the forty weekdays before Easter.
dc One of the first to join Ignatius Loyola in the Society of Jesus.
dd Eighteenth-century general of the Jesuits.
de Kostka, Gonzaga, and Berchmans, all Jesuits, were patrons of the sodality of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
df He purchased Clongowes for the Jesuits in 1813.
dg Felt-like fabric.
dh Hard knots produced in tree branches by boring insects.
di In cricket, long throws to return batted balls.
dj Smoking tobacco.
dk Three popular late-eighteenth-century and nineteenth-century Irish songs.
dl Seaside community south of Dublin, between the city and Dun Laoghaire.
dm Guide words indicating the first or last word in the text of a page.
dn Large port city in County Munster.
do Stillorgan, Goatstown, Dundrum, and Sandyford are villages in and along the Dublin mountains, south of the city center.
dp Community 3 miles south of Blackrock.
dq Beautiful civic building on the north side of the Liffey, the river running west to east through downtown Dublin, dividing it into south and north.
dr Commercial stretches of road alongside the river.
ds Coated in thick varnish, in the Japanese manner.
dt Term of endearment.
du A 14-pound bag of coal; in the British system of measurement, a stone is 14 pounds.
dv Neighborhood at the southern edge of Dublin.
dw Paper-wrapped party favors.
dx ln this Irish tradition, men and women have one song for which they are known and which they are prepared to perform at gatherings.
dy Bound composition notebook.
dz Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam, Latin for “for the greater glory of God”: the Jesuit motto.
ea In the draft version of the novel, published as Stephen Hero after Joyce’s death, Stephen’s love interest is named Emma Clery.
eb George Gordon (1788-1824), leading poet and charismatic figure in British Romantic poetry.
ec Notices of debts owed.
ed Laus Deo Semper, Latin for “praise to God always.”
ee Brotherhood of Catholic laymen, founded in Waterford, in County Munster, in 1802 by Edmund Ignatius Rice; the Christian Brothers ran inexpensive day schools that emphasized practical learning.
ef The Dublin Corporation, the city’s governing body.
eg The week beginning on Pentecost, the seventh Sunday after Easter.
eh Vessel containing the eucharistic host.
ei The penultimate year of studies.
ej Performed an Islamic form of low bow.
ek Slang for a session of praying the rosary, a devotion whose progress is marked on a string of beads.
el A prayer, part of the traditional Catholic Mass, in which one confesses having sinned (the word is Latin for “I confess”) and asks God’s forgiveness.
em Frederick Marryat (1792-1848), an author whose best-known works include Japbet in Search of a Father (1836) and The Children of the New Forest (1847).
en Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892), poet laureate (1850-1892); author of In Memoriam (1850) and Idylls ofthe King (1859).
eo “Crib,” or study aid.
ep Fit of anger.
eq Allusion to the work of the Gaelic League (established in 1893), which sought to revive the Irish language, literature in Irish, and traditional Irish culture.
er From the opera based on Dion Boucicault’s The Colleen Bawn (1860).
es Pantomime performance.
et Short laneway on the northern quays of the Liffey.
eu Terminal for trains departing to the south.
ev 50 miles from Dublin on the route to Cork.
ew 145 miles from Dublin; 19 miles outside Cork.
ex Popular ballads that often begin with the phrase “Come all you [for example, Irish men],” etc. Mr. Dedalus begins a satiric “come-all-you” during the Christmas dinner scene (p. 30): “0, come all you Roman catholics / That never went to mass.”
ey Tune or melody.
ez Type of blood sausage.
fa Opened in 1849.
fb A promenade.
fc Classroom.
fd Street urchins or beggars.
fe Temperament, disposition.
ff Little men (Anglo-Irish).
fg Cork’s primary seaport, now called again by its Irish name, Cobh.
fh Candy confection.
fi Coin.
fj Young boy (Anglo-Irish).
fk Prancings.
fl River that flows through Cork.
fm Popular Latin phrasebook.
fn Times change and we change with them (Latin); both Latin versions are correct.
fo Suburb of Cork.
fp From “To the Moon,” by Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822).
fq Writing contest.
fr The Parliament House was made obsolete by the Act of Union in 1800; the building now houses the Bank of Ireland.
fs The men Mr. Dedalus mentions are eighteenth-century members of the Irish Parliament known for their oratorical skills.
ft A furrier in Grafton Street.
fu Probably a work, originally by German dramatist E. F. J. von Munch-Bellinghausen, that was translated into English by Maria Lovell and performed as Ingomar the Barbarian in 1851.
fv Drama (1838) by Edward Bulwer-Lytton, employing characters and situations very similar to those in The Count of Monte Cristo.
fw A serious, deliberately committed sin that deprives the sinner of sanctifying grace.
fx Character in The Lady of Lyons who is roughly equivalent to Dumas’s Dantes in The Count of Monte Cristo.
fy Dublin’s notorious “Nighttown,” now redeveloped.
fz Funeral pyre or signal fire.
ga An irrational number.
gb An office is a form of religious observance performed at specified hours throughout the day; the reference here is to an eighth-century collection of prayers in honor of the Virgin Mary.
gc Both the title of a devotional book by Saint Alphonsus Liguouri (1696-1787) and a sermon (“The Glories of Mary for the Sake of Her Son”) of John Henry Cardinal Newman (see endnote 8), which Stephen recalls below (pp. 102, 121).
gd From Newman’s “The Glories of Mary,” quoted more fully at p. 121.
ge Math problems.
gf An allusion to James 2:10. “And whosoever shall keep the whole law, but offend in one point, is become guilty of all” (Douay version).
gg The seven deadly sins, all mortal sins, are lust, gluttony, greed, envy, pride, sloth, and anger.
gh Island off the coast of China.
gi Hot desert wind.
gj The particular and the general judgments are, respectively, God’s judgment of the individual soul at death and God’s judgment of the entire world at the apocalypse.
gk An allusion to the final book of the New Testament, called Apocalypse or Revelation, chapter 6, verse 13.
