by Ann Rule
My gratitude also goes to gifted photographer Mike Gaffney, whose portrait work is featured on this book jacket, and to my good friend Joanna Johns, who wisely recommended Mike to me.
This list would be incomplete without a nod of gratitude to my former homicide partners, Joe Woods and Chris Peterson, who were there with me on a number of the cases highlighted in Blood Secrets and who taught me a great deal.
I would also be remiss if I failed to mention the dedicated cold case team I work with in Multnomah County—Bob Boertien, Karl Hutchison, John Ingram, Jim McNelly, Lane Sawyer, Quinton Smith, Piete VanDyke, and Kathy Allen, who keeps us all organized. These individuals donate countless hours of what would otherwise be their own free time to re-examining old cases that have remained unsolved, sometimes for decades. I am perpetually awed by your dedication and determination to uncover the truth, to find those who have evaded justice too long, and to at last bring closure to family members who have lost loved ones.
Many other family friends contributed their editing talents and ea gle eyes for catching typos and inconsistencies. Among them are Larry and Lilly Logan, Stacey Stuart, Sammie Thomas, and Keith and Amy Henderson. Finally, I want to extend a heartfelt thanks to my stalwart longtime friends Scott Birch, Bruce Bischof, Steve Ells, Denise Ferreira, Clayton Handy, Melissa Handy, Tom Lange, Melinda Lewis, Alison Mann, Jim Shade, Wendy Stefani, Debbie Welser, Stacy Welser, and Judy Witthuhn.
I am sincerely grateful and truly blessed to have all of you in my life.
Bibliography
Chapter 1
Anthony, Paul A. “2 Former Chiefs Show Problems with Both Systems.” San Angelo Standard Times online, November 3, 2007. http://www.gosanangelo.com/.
Harden, Kevin. “Retired Detectives Hope Public’s Help Thaws ‘Cold’ Cases.” Portland Tribune, March 3, 2009. http://www.thebeenews.com/.
Chapter 2
Los Angeles Dodgers official Web site. “Dodger Stadium History.” http://www.dodgers.com/.
Los Angeles Police Academy, official Web site. http://www.joinlapd.com/academy.html/.
Mcgreevy, Patrick. “New LAPD Digs, Old Name?” Los Angeles Times, March 19, 2006.
North County Times, Escondido, CA, November 14–30, 2005. http://www.nctimes.com.
“Oceanside CA.—Death Penalty for Killing Police Officer, Then Stealing His Patrol Car.” December 1, 2005. http://www.tremcopoliceproducts.com/articlesdet.htm/.
U.S. senator Dianne Feinstein, official Web site. “Senator Feinstein Urges Border Patrol Investigation and Reforms in Wake of Police Officer’s Fatal Shooting by Deported Criminal Alien.” July 25, 2003. http://www.feinstein.senate.gov/03Releases/r-camacho.htm/.
Whatcom County Sheriff’s Office Law Enforcement Code of Ethics. http://www.co.whatcom.wa.us/sheriff/ethics.jsp/.
Chapter 3
Glaister, Dan. “U.S. Police Replace Codes with Plain English; 10-4?” The Guardian, November 14, 2006. http://www.guardian.co.uk/.
Hallman, Tom Jr. “Detectives Still Seeking Clues to 1984 Murder.” The Oregonian, June 16, 1985, page 1.
Turel, Stan. A Plague of Justice. Newport, Ore.: Dancing Moon Press, 2008.
Chapter 4
Charlotte, North Carolina, News & Observer. Numerous articles by staff writer Joseph Neff and other reporters about the Alan Gell case. December 10, 2002–November 28, 2007. http://www.newsobserver.com/.
DiBiase, Thomas A. (Tad). “No body” murder trials in the United States. http://www.nobodymurdercases.com/.
Donovan, S. E., M. J. R. Hall, B. D. Turner, and C. B. Moncrieff. “Larval Growth Rates of the Blowfly, Calliphora vicina, over a Range of Temperatures.” Medical and Veterinary Entomology 20, no. 1 (March 2006): 106–114. Published online, January 9, 2006, by the Royal Entomological Society. Abstract: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118628204/abstract/.
Englert, Rod, and Ray Grimsbo. “Trace Evidence and Crime Scenes—Pulverized Green Threads, Brain and High-Velocity Bloodspatter Unravel the Mystery of a Crime: A Homicide Case Study with No Body.” Abstract from meeting of the Northwest Association of Forensic Scientists, spring 1998. http://www.nwafs.org/.
Indiana Department of Correction offender data. http://www.in.gov/indcorrection/ and http://www.in.gov/idoc/.
Lacour, Greg. “Police Have New Hope of Solving 1990 Killing.” Charlotte Observer, August 20, 2008. http://www.charlotteobserver.com/.
Lewis, Cynthia. “Either/Or.” Article about the murder of Kim Thomas. Charlotte magazine online, June 1, 2008. http://www.charlottemagazine.com/.
Memorandum. United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. 17F.3d.394 Howard v. Blodgett. No. 92-36993. http://openjurist.org/17/f3d/394/howard-v-blodgett/.
Michigan Domestic Violence Prevention and Treatment Board report. Michigan Domestic and Sexual Violence Homicides, October 1999–September 2000. http://www.mi.gov.
“Monument to Jennie Wade.” New York Times, September 13, 1901. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract/html.
North Carolina Department of Correction offender public information. http://www.doc.state.nc.us/offenders/.
“Police Charge Husband in Murder after Finding Note.” Michigan Daily online, September 20, 2000. www.http://michigandaily.com/.
Rule, Ann. Without Pity. New York: Pocket Books, 2003.
Turner, Wallace. “Victim’s Relatives Opposing Parole.” New York Times, April 26, 1987.
Unsolved Crimes Network. History and analysis of Kim Thomas murder. http://unsolved.netfirms.com/kim_Thomas.htm/.
Chapter 5
Akron Police Department reports of investigation for Winda Snipes. September 12 and October 9, 1997.
Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction, official Web site. http://www.acsr.org/.
Bevel, Tom, and Ross M. Gardner. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: With an Introduction to Crime Scene Reconstruction. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, 2001.
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Tutorial. J. Slemko Forensic Consulting. http://www.bloodspatter.com/BPATutorial.htm/.
Boston Channel online. Coverage of Dirk Greineder trial. May 24, 2001–June 20, 2001, and January 2006. http://thebostonchannel.com/.
Cleveland Plain Dealer news archive. Series of articles about the Winda Snipes murder. September 17, 1997–May 23, 1998. http://nl.newsbank.com/ and http://Cleveland.com/.
Courtney, Max. “Blood Spatter Evidence and Reconstruction of Events.” Forensic Consultant Services. Fort Worth, Texas. http://www.forensic-lab.com/publications/bloodspatter.html/.
“Criminal Lawyer Ohio Represents Hartmann in the Custody of the Mans-field Correctional Institution of Ohio.” August 29, 2005. Criminal Defense Lawyer, official Web site. http://www.criminaldefenselawyer.com/regional-content.cfm/.
Daily Iowegian. Articles about Tyler Opperman death and investigation. January 2009. http://www.dailyiowegian.com/.
Daniel, Mac. “Specialist Details Blood on Jacket.” Boston Globe, June 16, 2001. http://nl.newsbank.com/.
“Dusting Off a Cold Case.” Forensic Examiner, December 22, 2005. American College of Forensic Examiners newsletter. http://www.acfei.org/.
Holocaust Research Project. Information about Josef Mengele. http://www.HolocaustResearchProject.org/.
“How Prevalent Is Gun Violence in America?” June 16, 2008. National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice, official Web site. http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/crime/gun-violence/.
Web site devoted to proving Brett Hartmann is innocent. http://www.enddeathpenaltyforbretthartmann.com/.
Web site devoted to proving certain inmates in Ohio prisons are innocent. http://www.innocentinmates.org/hartmann/phone.html/.
The Supreme Court of Ohio and Ohio Judicial Center official Web site. http://www.sconet.state.oh.us.
Official Web site of TruTV library of past articles featured on the site. http://www.crimelibrary.com/.
Web site focused on allegedly haunted places in historic Gettysburg. http://hauntedfieldsofglory.com/gallery/gettysburg/
jenniewad
e/history.html/.
International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts, official Web site. Suggested IABPA Terminology List. http://www.iabpa.org/.
Jastrzemski, Joe. “Execution Date Set for Summit County Man.” AkronNews now.com, December 3, 2008. http://akronnewsnow.com/.
Jenny Wade House, official Web site. http://www.jennie-wade-house.com/.
Josef Mengele biography. http://thebiographychannel.co.uk/biography_story/.
Murphy, Dennis. “Did a Distinguished Doctor Murder His Wife of 31 Years at a Wellesley Park?” MSNBC.com, July 30, 2006. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/.
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, official Web site. Data on self-inflicted injury/suicide. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/suicide.htm/.
Ohio Court Opinions. State v. Hartman (2001), 93 Ohio St.3d 274. FindLaw. http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/.
“Ohio Supreme Court Sets Execution Dates for Two Condemned Killers.” Herald Dispatch, April 8, 2009. http://www.herald-dispatch.com/news/briefs/.
Ponce, Ana Castelló, and Fernando A. Verdú Pascual. “Critical Revision of Presumptive Tests for Bloodstains.” Forensic Science Communications 1, no. 2 (July 1999). http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july1999/ponce.htm/.
Renner, James. “Deadline.” Cleveland Scene magazine online, March 25, 2009. http://www.clevescene.com/.
Small, Cindy L. The Jennie Wade Story. Gettysburg, Pa.: Thomas Publications, 1991.
State of Ohio, Adult Parole Authority minutes of special meeting in re: Brett Xavier Hartman, OSP #A357-869. Columbus, Ohio, March 6, 2009. http://www.drc.state.oh.us.
State v. Hartman, case no. 00-1475. Summit County Court of Common Pleas.
Trexler, Phil. “Prepared to Say Goodbye, Tearful Hartmann Gets Stay of Execution.” Beacon Journal online at Ohio.com, April 1, 2009. http://www.ohio.com/.
TruTV (formerly CourtTV) News. Coverage of Dirk Greineder trial. May 23, 2001–January 15, 2002. http://www.trutv.com/.
Weinberg, Samantha. Pointing from the Grave. New York: Miramax Books, 2003.
Chapter 6
“Blake Found Not Guilty.” MSNBC.com, March 16, 2005. http://www.msnbc.com/.
Bosco, Joseph. “In the Face of Death.” Time magazine online, June 2, 1997. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/.
Cartwright, Emily. “A Question of Guilt II: She Catches a Star.” August 5, 2002. CBSnews.com. http://www.cbsnews.com/.
Coverage of Bob Crane death. http://www.findadeath.com/.
Coverage of the Mikhail Markhasev trial and verdict. New York Times, July 8–16, 1998. http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/m/mikhail-
markhasev/index.html.
Coverage of the murder of Alexis Ficks Welsh and the trial of Kevin McKiever. New York Times, June 10, 1991–March 15, 1995, and February 20, 2008. http://www.nytimes.com.
Coverage of the murder of Bob Crane and the subsequent investigation. Casa Grande, Arizona, Dispatch, July 6, 1978–November 23, 1994.
Coverage of the O. J. Simpson trial. CNN online. http://www.cnn.com/.
“Excerpts of Marcia Clark’s Closing Arguments.” New York Times online, September 27, 1995. http://www.nytimes.com/books/97/06/15/reviews/clark-excerpts.html/.
Jones, Thomas L. “Analysis of the O. J. Simpson Murder Trial” and additional TruTV coverage of Simpson trial. TruTV online. http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious-murders/famous/simpson/index-1.html.
King, Gary C. Series of articles published on TruTV online covering the murder of Bonny Lee Bakley and the trial of Robert Blake. http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious-murders/family/bakley/1.html.
Lange, Tom, and Vannatter, Philip. 1997. Evidence Dismissed. New York: Pocket Books.
“List of the Evidence in the O. J. Simpson Double-Murder Trial.” October 18, 1996. USA Today online. http://www.usatoday.com/.
Silverman, Stephen M. “Blake Loses Lawyer over Diane Sawyer.” People magazine online, October 29, 2002. http://www.people.com/.
Stonebraker, M. “Dance of Death.” New York magazine, August 19, 1991.
Sweetingham, Lisa. “Actor Robert Blake Acquitted of His Wife’s Murder.” CNN online, March 29, 2005. http://www.cnn.com/.
“The Trial of O. J. Simpson: The Incriminating Evidence.” University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Law. http://www.law.umkc.edu/.
Chapter 7
Brass, Kevin. “Murder in Rancho Santa Fe: The Ian Spiro Case.” San Diego magazine online, October 1995. http://www.sandiego-online.com/.
Coverage of Ian Spiro case. Los Angeles Times archives, September 5, 1985–October 18, 1995.
Coverage of Nan Toder murder, investigation, and Nan’s Law. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette online, December 18, 1999–October 4, 2007. http://www.post-gazette.com/.
Golden, G. Jeff. “San Juan County Case Not Affected by Death Penalty Repeal.” Farmington, New Mexico, Daily Times online, March 22, 2009. http://www.daily-times.com/.
Malefactor’s Register. “Nan’s Law.” March 31, 2006. http://www.markgribben.com/.
New Mexico Coalition to Repeal the Death Penalty, official Web site. “2009 Repeal in the News.” February 16, 2009. http://nmrepeal.org/.
“New Mexico Governor Repeals Death Penalty in State.” CNN online, March 18, 2009. http://www.cnn.com/.
Radford serial killer database. Robert Fry information researched and summarized by Nicole Martz, Jamie Klempa, and Rachael Langley, Department of Psychology, Radford University. http://dead=silence.org.
Rybarczyk, Tom. “Handyman Pleads Guilty to ’96 Slaying.” Chicago Tribune, January 31, 2006.
Scott, Robert. Monster Slayer. New York: Pinnacle Books, 2005.
Streeter, Michael. “Bizarre Case of the CIA Man, the Hostage, and a Desert Suicide.” (London) Independent, May 13, 1997.
Sullivan, Terry. “A Safe Room.” Chicago Reporter, November 2003.
Supreme Court of the State of New Mexico. Opinion no. 2006-NMSC-001, docket no. 27,592. Re: Appeal for Robert Fry.
Terrell, Steve. “Legislature 2009: Political Shift Could Spell End to Death Penalty.” Santa Fe New Mexican online, November 29–30, 2008. http://www.santafenewmexican.com/.
Chapter 8
Abdullaev, Nabi. “Russia Remains a Dangerous Place.” Jamestown Foundation online, February 28, 2002. http://www.Jamestown.org/.
The Charley Project: Rolf Neslund. http://www.charleyproject.org/.
City of Bethel, Alaska, official Web site. http://www.cityofbethel.org/.
Dooley, John. “The Dead Zone.” Portland Mercury online, March 21, 2002. http://www.portlandmercury.com/news/the-dead-zone/Content?oid=26559.
Enge, Marilee. “Defense Tries to Bar Blood Stain Expert’s Testimony.” Anchorage Daily News, March 29, 1990.
Galeotti, Dr. Mark. “New Guns for Russia’s Cops—So What?” October 23, 2008. In Moscow’s Shadow: Analysis and Assessment of Russian Crime and Security, blog written by a clinical associate professor at New York University Center for Global Affairs. http://www.inmoscowsshadows.wordpress.com/.
Hunter, Don. “Murder Follows Andrew; Judge Revokes Man’s Probation.” Anchorage Daily News, February 18, 1991.
———. “State Seeks to Revoke Man’s Probation Despite Acquittal.” Anchorage Daily News, January 19, 1991.
Information on Togiak, Alaska. U.S. Census Bureau online. http://factfinder.census.gov/.
Justicia y paz: New Colombia Human Rights 1, no. 1 (fall 1996). Online journal created by the Colombia Support Network, Madison, Wisconsin. http://www.colombiasupport.net/1911/jypfall96.html.
“The List: Murder Capitals of the World.” Foreign Policy online, September 2008. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/.
“Moscow Diary: Welcome to ‘Wild East.’ ” BBC News Channel online, October 26, 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/.
“Murder Capitals of the World: Report.” International Business Times online, October 1, 2008. http://in.ibtimes.com/.
Rule, Ann. No Regrets and Other T
rue Crime Cases. New York: Pocket Books, 2006.
“Russia: Law and Order Under the Soviet System.” World Association of International Studies, Stanford University. Online report, February 16, 2005. http://cgi.stanford.edu/.
“Ruth Neslund Murders Her Husband, Rolf Neslund, on Lopez Island on August 8, 1980.” Washington State Department of Archeology and Historic Preservation online. http:/www.historylink.org/.
Tizon, Tomas Alex. “America’s Taxi Capital: Bethel, Alaska.” Los Angeles Times online, November 30, 2007. http://www.latimes.com/news/nation world/nation/la-na-taxicabs30nov30,1,3238044.story?coll=la-default-underdog.
Chapter 9
Coverage of Mark Sells case. Dayton Daily News, 2003.
“Police in Tipp City Arrest a Suspect in the Sharid Gantz Homicide.” WHIOTV.com, January 24, 2003. http://www.whiotv.com/news/3669209/detail.html.
Smith, Terry. “Supreme Court Schedules Johnson Appeal Hearing.” Idaho Mountain Express, March 7, 2008. http://www.mtexpress.com/index2.php?ID= 2005119704.
Stahl, Greg. “Attorneys Spar Before Johnson Sentencing; Public Defender Seeks to Remove Prosecutor from Case.” Idaho Mountain Express, June 17, 2005. http://www.mtexpress.com/index2.php?ID=2005103611&var_Year= 2005&var_Month=06&var_Day=17.
State v. Sells (Ohio 2006). Ohio Supreme Court, Second District Court of Appeals (April 14, 2006). Docket no. 2005-CA-8-2006-Ohio-1859. http://vlex.com/vid/state-v-sells-21692734/.
TruTV online coverage of the Sarah Johnson trial, including statements from Blaine County Sheriff’s Department. http://www.trutv.com/.
Afterword
“The Future of Forensic DNA Testing.” National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice, 2000. http://www.ncjrs.gov.
Harding, Ben. “New Detergent Washes Away Stains of Murder: Study.” November 5, 2008. Reuters, http://www.reuters.com/article/ScienceNews/
