Masaryk, Jan, 62
Masferrer, Rolando, 418, 496
Massu, General Jacques, 36, 329, 332–3, 342–3, 345, 347, 496
Massu, Suzanne, 329
Mathenge, Stanley, 364
Matos, Huber, 425
Matthews, Herbert, 420
Maudling, Reggie, 408
Mau Mau insurrection, 6, 353–78
alienation of potential supporters by Mau Mau, 372
arrests of by Kenyan police, 364–5
attacks on loyalist Kikuyu by Mau Mau, 363
bombing of by RAF, 373
and Collective Punishments Ordinance (1951), 363
concentration camps, 374–5, 376
creation of protected villages, 372–3
detaining of suspected Mau Mau, 372
hanging of Mau Mau, 368, 374
Hola Scandal, 376
initial response to by British, 364
and Kenyatta, 362–3
killings and atrocities committed by the Mau Mau, 363–4, 365–7
Mau Mau forest camps, 373–4
murder of Ruck family, 365, 368
oath taking, 361–2, 363
Operation Anvil, 371–2
Operation Buttercup, 370
Operation Hammer, 374
Operation Progress, 375–6
origin of name, 361–2
police abuses and atrocities, 370–1
psychologically breaking of Mau Mau detainees, 375–6
raids by, 366–7
settlers and anti-Mau Mau campaign, 368–9
Mboya, Tom, 381
MCP, 181, 188
Meany, George, 482
Mendenhall, Joseph, 473
Mendès-France, Pierre, 323
Menon, Krishna, 306
Menzies, Robert, 295
Meong, 212, 213
Mesopotamia, 74
M’Hidi, Larbi Ben, 334
MI6, 8
Michaelis, Colonel John ‘Iron Mike,’ 139–40
Middle East, 73, 288–9
and oil, 73–81
post-war collapse of European authority, 73–4
US policy in, 94–5
Middle Eastern Defence Organization (MEDO) project, 316
Mikoyan, Anastas, 281, 282, 427, 442, 449, 455
Military Assistance and Advisory Group. See MAAG
Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV), 465, 470
Miller, Harry, 168
Millspaugh, Arthur, 78
Minh, General Duong Van, 463–4, 472
Min Yuen (Masses Movement), 162, 169, 173, 182, 183, 185, 186
Mirza, Iskander, 317
Mitchell, Sir Philip, 354
Mitterrand, François, 323, 328, 334
Mobutu, Colonel Joseph, 389–91, 396, 397–8, 497
Mogambo (movie), 353
Mohammed Reza Shah, 78, 80
Mollet, Guy, 298, 327–8, 344
Molotov, Viacheslav, 50, 79, 230, 262, 278, 279, 338
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 110
Monckton Commission (1970), 407
Mongoose Operation, 438–9, 442, 443, 454
Monroe Doctrine, 409, 411
Montgomery, Field Marshal Bernard, 93, 97, 175
Morocco, 324, 338
Morrison, Herbert, 121, 264, 265, 267
Morthur Operation (Congo), 395
Morton, Jack, 177
Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO), 280
Mossadeq, Mohammed, 9, 77–8, 79, 80, 263–9, 496
operation to overthrow, 263, 269–74
Mouloudia Football Club (Algeria), 86
Mountbatten, Lord, 24–5, 43, 45
Moutet, Marius, 128
Mouvement National Algérien, 321
Moyne, Lord, 93
Mozambique, 401
MRP (Mouvement Républican Populaire), 128
Munongo, Godefroid, 393, 395
Murphy, Robert, 87, 340
Music USA – Jazz Hour (radio programme), 256
Musketeer Operation, 295
Muslim Brotherhood, 285, 286
Muslim League, 23, 307
Naegelen, Marcel, 90
Naguib, General Mohammed, 84–5, 286
Nagy, Imre, 281, 282, 283
Naipaul, Sir Vidia, 10
Nair, Govindan, 311
NASA, 383
Nasiri, Colonel Nematollah, 272, 273
Nasser, Colonel Gamal Abdul, 9, 82, 84, 285, 288–90, 303
arms deal with Soviet Union, 290
assassination attempt against, 286
death, 497
and Eden, 289
nationalization of Suez Canal, 291–3
rise to power, 286–7
and Suez Crisis, 298, 300–1
National Agrarian Reform Institute (INRA), 424
National Iranian Oil Company, 274
National Liberation Front. See Viet Minh
National Security Act (1947) (US), 58–9
National Security Agency, 256
National Security Council. See NSC
National Will party, 79
nation-building, 122
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 62, 113, 123
Navarre, General Henri, 20–2, 217, 222–3, 224, 227
Navarre Plan, 222
Nazism, 1, 92
Nedelin, Mitrofan, 428
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 23, 24–5, 121, 309–10, 311–12, 314, 317–20, 497
Nendaka, Victor, 389–90
Nenitas, 195–6
Nepal, 319
Netherlands
and Indonesia, 39, 40, 43–4, 45–6, 63–4
New Guinea, 46
New Zealand, 121
Nhu, Ngo Dinh, 232, 234, 238, 470, 472, 474
Nicaragua, 409, 413
Nigeria, 4–5, 404
Nitze, Paul, 133
Nixon, Patricia, 414
Nixon, Richard, 55, 153, 228, 246, 380, 414, 423, 426, 428, 429
Nkrumah, Kwame, 319, 360, 391, 400–1, 404
Norte, Ilocos, 203
Northern Rhodesia, 407, 408
North Korea, 20–1, 70, 71, 72, 105
NSC68, 132–4
NSC 5613/1, 413
NSC (National Security Council), 51, 59, 108, 254, 254–6, 434
nuclear weapons, 252–3
Britain, 262
China, 488
France, 341
Mao Zedong’s view on, 67
Soviet Union, 60, 253, 262–3, 382, 428, 440–1
United States, 59–60, 253, 262, 382, 428, 440–1
Nuri as-Said, 75, 288, 292
Nyaga, Captain Nyagi, 373
Nyasaland (Malawi), 403, 404, 407, 408
OAS (Organisation de l’Armée Secrète), 321, 349–51
O’Brien, Conor Cruise, 394–5, 398
O’Daniel, John ‘Iron Mike,’ 221
O’Donnell, Justin, 391
Odría, Manuel, 413
Office of Policy Coordination (OPC), 198, 257
oil, 73–81
Open Skies campaign, 256, 382
Operations. See specific operation
Organisation de l’Armée Secrète. See OAS
Organisation Spéciale (OS), 129–30, 321
Organization of American States (OAS), 411, 418, 436
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 265
Orta, Juan, 430, 434–5
Ortiz, Jo, 327
Ortsac Operation, 440
Osman China, 186
OSS (Office of Strategic Services), 20, 32, 33, 3
5, 36, 39, 46, 56, 249
Overseas Food Corporation, 122
Pak Hon-yong, 135
Pakistan, 8, 23, 305, 306–7
and China, 319–20
joins Baghdad Pact, 316
Kashmir dispute with India, 305–6, 309–10, 315
and Korean War, 314
and United States, 312–18
Palestine, 82, 84, 90–1. See also Israeli-Palestinian conflict
British Mandate in, 90–9, 120–1, 123
British restriction on Jewish immigration to, 91, 92
Exodus saga, 98
King David Hotel attack, 96
partition, 99, 100
and Soviet Union, 99
and United States, 94–5
Zionist attacks against the British and response to, 96–8
Panama, 409
Pan-American Conference (1948), 256
Panikkar, Kavalam, 311
Paraguay, 413
Park, Daphne, 389, 390–1
Passage to Freedom Operation, 236
Patel, Vallabhbhai, 312
Pathans, 313
Pathet Lao, 230, 461, 462, 463
Patria, La (ship), 92
Patti, Archimedes ‘Al,’ 32, 33, 34, 35, 39
PBSUCCESS Operation (1954) (Guatemala), 412
Pearl Harbor (1941), 15
Peng Duhai, 143–4, 146, 150
Penkovsky, Oleg, 441
People’s Anti-Japanese Army. See Huks
People’s Democratic Army, 71
People’s Liberation Army (PLA), 66, 68
Perlmutter, Amos, 99
Perón, Juan Domingo, 418
Persia, 74, 76
Petraeus, General David, 6, 162
Pflimlin, Pierre, 342, 343, 344
Pham Van Dong, 31, 230
Philippines, 15, 25–7, 191–210
attempt to disband Huks by Americans and beginning of armed struggle, 194–5
conflict between Huks and Japanese occupiers, 26–7, 192–3, 208
conquest and occupation of by Japanese, 25–7, 191–2
corruption of police force and attempt to improve reputation of by the Americans, 200
counter-insurgency campaign against the Huks, 202–5
deployment of police death squads (Nenitas) against the Huks, 195–6
efforts to get Magsaysay elected in 1952 election, 206–7
elections (1951), 205–6
‘eye of God’ campaign, 203
Huk activity, 199–200
independence (1946), 45
and Lansdale, 197–207
US conquest of and counter-insurgency campaign, 6, 25, 193–4
US economic assistance, 209
Philippines Communist Party, 192–3
Phillips, Rufus, 473
Pierce Arrow, Operation, 484
Piñeiro, Manuel, 422
Piroth, Lieutenant-Colonel Charles, 227
Pishevari, Jafar, 79
Platt Amendment, 415
Pleven, René, 126–7
Pliyev, General Issa, 444
Po, Tony, 461
Podgorny, Nikolai, 455
Poland, 281
Pollock, Jackson, 256
Pol Pot, 2–3
Pomeroy, William, 209
Pompidou, Georges, 349
Portugal, 401
Potsdam conference (1945), 33–4, 101, 110, 114, 115
Potter, Henry, 363–4
Poujade, Pierre, 325
Powell, Enoch, 377
Power, Thomas, 448
Powers, Gary, 383
Preferential Alliance, Treaty of (1936), 81–2, 84
Presidential Advisory Committee on Weather Control, 253
Pritt, Denis, 365, 376
Profiles in Courage (Kennedy), 433
Profumo Affair (1963), 402
Progress Operation (1957) (Kenya), 375–6
Project Beefup, 465
Project Tiger, 465
Puerto Rico, 409
Pye, Lucian, 466
Qavam, Ahmad, 79–80, 268
Quezón, Aurora, 208
Quick Strike Operation (1953), 253
Quiet American, The (Greene), 233, 242
Quiet American, The (movie), 242–3
Quirino, Elpidio, 197, 199, 205, 207
Quirino, Tony, 207
Radford, Admiral, 255
Rahman, Prince Abdul, 186, 187
Raja, Brigadier K.A.S., 394
Rashidian brothers, 270, 271
Razmara, Haj-Ali, 263, 264, 265
Red Army, 19, 66, 76, 79, 99, 113, 281, 283, 445
Renard, Delphine, 350–1
Renville Agreement, 45
Resurrection, Operation, 343
Reza Shah Pahlavi, 77–8, 264, 266, 267, 268, 271–2, 273, 274
Rhee, Syngman, 21, 69–70, 71, 72, 131–2, 136, 141, 154
Rhodesian Front, 408
Riahi, Taqi, 272
Richardson, John, 464–5, 472
Ridgway, General Matthew, 147, 148–50, 229, 255
Roberto, Holden, 381
Robertson, Brian, 175
Rolling Thunder Operation (Vietnam), 487, 489
Romania, 283
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 95
Roosevelt, Kermit, 269–70, 271–2, 273–4, 285–6, 290, 497
Roosevelt, President Franklin D., 2, 27–8, 44, 47, 49, 58, 94, 102–3, 125, 409–10, 411
Platt Amendment rescinded by, 415
Roosevelt, President Teddy, 409, 411
Rosselli, Johnny, 429, 430, 494
Rostow, Walt, 462, 463, 479, 481
Rotheray, George, 173
Roxas, Manuel, 194–5, 196
Roy, Manabendra Nath, 15
Royal Dutch Shell, 274
Ruck, Roger and Esme, 365, 368
Rumpunch Operation (1961) (Congo), 395
Rusk, Dean, 55, 68, 136, 434, 435, 446, 469, 481
Sadat, Anwar, 82–3, 84
Safari, Operation (1960) (Congo), 387
Sainteny, Jean, 35–6, 37, 38
Sakhalin Island, 111
Salan, General Raoul, 217, 223, 329, 332–3, 342–3, 344–5, 347, 348–9, 350, 351
Salazar, António de Oliveira, 401
Salisbury, Lord ‘Bobbety,’ 287–8, 299, 407–8
Sandys, Duncan, 403
Sarawak, 181, 188
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 117
SAS, 167
Savak, 274
Scali, John, 451
Schelepin, Aleksandr, 430, 455
Schwarzkopf, Colonel H. Norman, 78, 271–2
SDECE (Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-espionage), 213
SEATO (South East Treaty Organization), 231, 261–2, 262, 316
Second World War, 13, 21–2, 47, 114, 321
Semichastny, Vladimir, 455
Serov, Ivan, 279
Sétif (Algeria), 88–9
Shao Liu, 172
Shark Operation (1946), 96–7
Sharon, Ariel, 289
Shepherd, General Lemuel, 140–1
Shepilov, Dmitri, 279, 280
Shorty Kuk, 185
Shtykov, General Terentii, 69, 132
Shuckburgh, Evelyn, 258
Sillitoe, Sir Percy, 169, 362–3, 364
Simpson, Howard, 219, 220, 242
Sinatra, Frank, 416, 429
Singapore, Japanese invasion (1942), 14
Sino–Soviet split, 455, 456, 457–60
Sino–Soviet Treaty (1950), 67, 113
SIS, 269, 270
Sison, Teofilo, 199
Siu Mah, 186
Sjahrir, Premier Sutan, 45
Skrine, Sir Claremont, 78–9
Slim, Bill, 167
Slim, Field Marshal, 175
Smith, Bedell, 270
Smith, Earl, 420
Smith, Ian, 408
Smith, Rupert, 162
Smuts, Marshall Jan, 355
Snows of Kilimanjaro, The (movie), 353
Solarium Project, 255
Solod, Daniel, 400
Somen, Izzie, 361
Somoza, Anastasio, 413, 435
Somoza, Luis, 435
Sorenson, Ted, 446
Soustelle, Jacques, 324, 326, 341
South Africa, 121, 355, 403, 404–5
South East Asia Command (SEAC), 43, 124
South East Treaty Organization. See SEATO
Southern Rhodesia, 355, 407
South Korea. See Korea
South Persian Rifles, 76
South Vietnamese Army, 241
Soviet Union, 2, 4, 8, 50, 52–4, 62, 109–14, 277–81
and Algerian War, 338
and China, 65, 67–8, 102–5, 106–9, 112, 113, 282–3
and Congo, 387–8, 396–7
and Cuba, 427–8, 441–2, 455
and Cuban Missile Crisis, 442–56
and Egypt and arms deal with Nasser, 280, 290
Foreign Ministry, 279–8
and Ghana, 400
and Guinea, 399, 400
and Hungary, 281–2
and India, 317
and Iran, 78–81
and Kennan’s Long Telegram, 50
and Korea, 68–70
and Korean War, 134–6, 150–2
and Latin America, 410–11, 420, 430
and Middle East, 73
and nuclear weapons, 60, 253, 262–3, 382, 428, 440–1
and Palestine, 99
and Poland, 281
post-war relations with the West, 110–11
post-war relations with United States, 50–4, 61, 101, 134
Sino-Soviet split, 455, 456, 457–60
and Suez Crisis, 299–300
and Vietnam, 239–40, 468, 485–96, 487
Special Branch
and Malay Emergency, 169–70, 182–6
Spruance, Raymond, 206, 207
Sputnik, 382
Stafford, Bill ‘Two-Gun,’ 166–7
Stalin, Joseph, 2–3, 31, 53, 58, 60, 61, 109–14
and China, 7, 19, 65, 67, 68, 104, 112
death, 152, 277
on Eisenhower, 245
encounters with Mao, 67
and India, 305
and Iran, 79–81
Khrushchev’s criticism of, 279, 457
and Korea/Korean war, 131–2, 134–5, 142, 143, 144, 150–2
and Palestine, 99
post-war foreign policy, 110–11
purges, 31, 112, 280
Sterling Area, 117, 121, 161
Stern, Avraham, 93
Stern Gang, 93, 96, 97
Stettinius, Edward, 49
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