Doomsday Men

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Doomsday Men Page 60

by P. D. Smith


  Stoltzenberg, Dietrich, Fritz Haber: Chemist, Nobel Laureate, German, Jew (Philadelphia: Chemical Heritage, 2004).

  Stone, Albert E., Literary Aftershocks: American Writers, Readers, and the Bomb (New York: Twayne, 1994).

  Strauss, Lewis L., Men and Decisions (London: Macmillan, 1963).

  Strutt, R. J., ‘Radium: Its Properties and Possibilities’, National Review, 44 (1904/5), 68–77.

  Stuewer, Roger H., ed., Nuclear Physics in Retrospect: Proceedings of a Symposium on the 1930s (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1979).

  Stuhlinger, Ernst and Ordway, FrederickI., III, Wernher von Braun: Crusader for Space (Malabar: Krieger, 1996).

  Swinton, Col. E. D., ‘The “Tanks’ ”, Strand Magazine 54 (1917), 270–77.

  Szasz, Ferenc Morton, British Scientists and the Manhattan Project: The Los Alamos Years (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992).

  Szilard, Leo, ‘We Turned the Switch’, Nation, 161 (22 Dec. 1945), 718–19.

  —— ‘The Physicist Invades Politics’, Saturday Review of Literature, 30 (3 May 1947), 7–8, 31–4.

  —— ‘Can We Have International Control of Atomic Energy?’, BAS, 6 (Jan. 1950), 9–12, 16.

  —— Collected works in 3 vols (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press):

  Vol 1: Bernard T. Feld and Gertrude Weiss Szilard, eds., The Collected Works of Leo Szilard: Scientific Papers (1972) [cited in the Notes as CW1].

  Vol 2: Spencer R. Weart and Gertrud Weiss Szilard, eds., Leo Szilard: His Version of the Facts – Selected Recollections and Correspondence (1978) [CW2].

  Vol 3: Helen S. Hawkins, G. Allen Greb and Gertrud Weiss Szilard, eds., Toward a Livable World: Leo Szilard and the Crusade for Nuclear Arms Control (1987) [CW3].

  Szöllösi-Janze, Margit, Fritz Haber, 1868–1934: Eine Biographie (Munich: Beck, 1998).

  Taylor, Frederick, Dresden: Tuesday 13 February 1945 (London: Bloomsbury, 2004).

  Telegdi, Valentine L., ‘Szilard as Inventor: Accelerators and More’, Physics Today, 53 (Oct. 2000), 25–8.

  Teller, Edward, ‘Backto the Laboratories’, BAS, 6 (Mar. 1950), 71–2.

  —— Energy from Heaven and Earth (San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1979).

  —— with Brown, Allen, The Legacy of Hiroshima (New York: Doubleday, 1962).

  —— and Latter, Albert L., Our Nuclear Future: Facts, Dangers and Opportunities (New York: Criterion, 1958).

  —— with Shoolery, Judith, Memoirs: A Twentieth-Century Journey in Science and Politics (Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus, 2001).

  Thomas, G. Holt, ‘When Shall We Travel by Flying Trains?’, Strand Magazine, 55, no. 325 (Jan. 1918), 50–58.

  Thomas, Gordon and Morgan-Witts, Max, Ruin from the Air: The Atomic Mission to Hiroshima (London: Sphere, 1982).

  Thompson, Damian, The End of Time: Faith and Fear in the Shadow of the Millennium (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1996).

  Tornabene, Lyn, ‘Contradicting the Hollywood Image’, Saturday Review, 46 (28 Dec. 1963), 19–21.

  Toumey, Christopher P., ‘The Moral Character of Mad Scientists: A Cultural Critique of Science’, Science, Technology and Human Values, 17, no. 4 (1992), 411–37.

  Townshend, Charles, ed., The Oxford History of Modern War (Oxford University Press, 2000).

  Traschen, Isadore, ‘Modern Literature and Science’, College English, 25 (Jan. 1964), 248–55.

  Travers, T. H. E., ‘Future Warfare: H. G. Wells and British Military Theory 1895–1916’, in Louis A. Knafla, Martin S. Staum and T. H. E. Travers, eds., Science, Technology, and Culture in Historical Perspective (University of Calgary Press, 1976), 144–72.

  Trenn, Thaddeus J., ‘The Central Role of Energy in Soddy’s Holistic and Critical Approach to Nuclear Science, Economics, and Social Responsibility’, British Journal for the History of Science, 12, no. 42 (1979), 261–76.

  Trowbridge, John, ‘What are X-rays?’, Century Illustrated, 56, ns 34 (May 1898), 128–32.

  Trumpener, Ulrich, ‘The Road to Ypres: The Beginnings of Gas Warfare in World War I’, Journal of Modern History, 47 (Sep. 1975), 460–80.

  Tsutsui, William, Godzilla on My Mind: Fifty Years of the King of Monsters (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004).

  Turney, Jon, Frankenstein’s Footsteps: Science, Genetics and Popular Culture (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998).

  Ulam, S. M., Adventures of a Mathematician (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991; 1st edn 1976).

  Vogt, Erich, ‘Eugene Paul Wigner: a towering figure of modern physics’, Physics Today 48, no 12 (Dec. 1995).

  Volkman, Ernest, Science Goes to War: The Search for the Ultimate Weapon, from Greek Fire to Star Wars (New York: Wiley, 2002).

  ‘W.L.R.’, ‘The World-Republic’, Academy, 86 (16 May 1914), 616–17.

  Wagar, W. Warren, Terminal Visions: The Literature of Last Things (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1982).

  —— ‘H. G. Wells and the Scientific Imagination’, Virginia Quarterly Review, 65 (1989), 390–400.

  —— ‘Truth and Fiction, Equally Strange: Writing about the bomb’, American Literary History, 1 (1989), 448–57.

  —— ‘Herman Kahn: Teacher’, Futures, 28 (1996), 791–2.

  Waitt, Col. Alden H., ‘Poison Gas in this War’, The New Republic, 106 (27 Apr. 1942), 563–5.

  Walker, J. Bernard, ‘The Tankand its Workon the Battlefield’, American Review of Reviews, 58 (Oct. 1918), 381–6.

  Walker, Martin, The Cold War and the Making of the Modern World (London: Vintage, 1994).

  Walsh, John, ‘A Conversation with Eugene Wigner’, Science, 181 (10 Aug. 1973), 527–33.

  Ward, Robert, ‘Before and After the Bomb: Some Literary Speculations on the Use of the Atomic Bomb’, Ambix, 44 (1997), 85–95.

  Weart, Spencer R., Scientists in Power (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1979).

  —— Nuclear Fear: A History of Images (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988).

  Weber, Eugen, Apocalypses: Prophecies, Cults and Millennial Beliefs Through the Ages (London: Hutchinson, 1999).

  Weisskopf, Victor, The Joy of Insight: Passions of a Physicist (New York: Basic, 1991).

  Wells, F. Lyman, ‘Science and War’, Science, 44, no. 1, 130 (25 Aug. 1916), 275–6.

  Wells, H. G., A Modern Utopia (London: Collins, 1905).

  —— The Open Conspiracy, and Other Writings (London: n. pub., 1933).

  West, Anthony, H. G. Wells: Aspects of a Life (London: Hutchinson, 1984).

  West, Clarence J., ‘The History of Poison Gases’, Science, 49, no. 1, 270 (2 May 1919), 412–17.

  Whetham, W. C. D., ‘Matter and Electricity’, Quarterly Review, 199, no. 397 (Jan. 1904), 100–126.

  Whitehead, Alfred North, Science and the Modern World (Cambridge University Press, 1927).

  Whittemore, Gilbert F., Jr, ‘World War I, Poison Gas Research, and the Ideals of American Chemists’, Social Studies of Science, 5, no. 2 (May 1975), 135–63.

  Wigner, Eugene P. and Szanton, Andrew, The Recollections of Eugene P. Wigner (New York: Plenum, 1992).

  Williams, Henry Smith, ‘Some Unsolved Scientific Problems’, Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 100 (Apr. 1900), 774–83.

  Williams, Peter and Wallace, David, Unit 731: The Japanese Army’s Secrets of Secrets (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1989).

  Willis, Kirk, ‘The Origins of British Nuclear Culture, 1895–1939’, Journal of British Studies, 34 (Jan. 1995), 59–89.

  Wilson, David, Rutherford: Simple Genius (London: Hodder, 1983).

  Winkler, Allan M., ‘The “Atom” and American Life’, The History Teacher, 26 (May 1993), 317–37.

  —— Life Under a Cloud: American Anxiety about the Atom (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993).

  Winter, Jay, Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History (Cambridge University Press, 1995).

  Wintle, W. J., ‘Life in Our New Century’, Harmsworth Magazine, 5, no. 30 (1900/01), 531–8.

  Wi
throw, James R., ‘The American Chemist and the War’s Problems’, Science, 43, no. 1,120 (16 June 1916), 835–42.

  Wittner, Lawrence S., Resisting the Bomb: A History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement 1954–1970 (Stanford University Press, 1997).

  Wolfe, Gary K., ‘Dr Strangelove, Red Alert and Patterns of Paranoia in the 1950s’, Journal of Popular Film, 5, no. 1 (1976), 57–67.

  Wyden, Peter, Day One: Before Hiroshima and After (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984).

  Yaffe, James, ‘Of Fission and Fish’, Saturday Review, 44 (29 Apr. 1961), 14, 16.

  Yamazaki, James N. and Fleming, Louis B., Children of the Atomic Bomb: An American Physician’s Memoir of Nagasaki, Hiroshima, and the Marshall Islands (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995).

  Zaloga, Steven J., The Kremlin’s Nuclear Sword: The Rise and Fall of Russia’s Strategic Nuclear Forces, 1945–2000 (Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 2002).

  Zimbaro, Valerie P., Encyclopedia of Apocalyptic Literature (Santa Barbara, Cal.: ABC-CLIO, 1996). Zimmern, Antonia, ‘Invisible Radiations’, Nineteenth Century, 56 (July 1904), 88–96. Ziolkowski, Theordore, The Sin of Knowledge: Ancient Themes and Modern Variations (Princeton University Press, 2000). Zweig, Stefan, The World of Yesterday (London: Cassell, 1943).

  Films

  A is for Atom, Carl Urbano, John Sutherland/General Electric Co, 1952.

  Atomic Alert, Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, 1951.

  Beneath the Planet of the Apes, Ted Post, Twentieth Century Fox, 1970.

  The Day After, Nicholas Meyer, ABC, 1983.

  The Day After Tomorrow, Roland Emmerich, Twentieth Century Fox, 2004.

  The Day the Earth Caught Fire, Val Guest, British Lion/Paramount, 1961.

  The Day the Earth Stood Still, Robert Wise, Tewntieth Century Fox, 1951.

  Dr Cyclops, Ernest B. Schoedsack, Paramount, 1940.

  Dr No, Terence Young, Eon, 1962.

  Dr Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, Stanley Kubrick, Hawk Films, 1964.

  Forbidden Planet, Fred M. Wilcox, MGM, 1956.

  Frankenstein, James Whale, Universal, 1931.

  Gojira [Godzilla], Ishirō Honda, Toho Co., 1954.

  Invasion USA, Alfred E. Green, American Pictures Corp., 1952.

  The Invisible Man, James Whale, Universal, 1933.

  Kiss Me Deadly, Robert Aldrich, MGM, 1955.

  Mad Max, George Miller, Mad Mad Pty, 1979.

  Metropolis, Fritz Lang, UFA, 1926.

  Omega Man, Boris Sagal, Walter Seltzer Productions, 1971.

  On the Beach, Stanley Kramer, Lomitas, 1959.

  The Satan Bug, John Sturges, Mirisch/Kappa, 1965.

  Seven Days to Noon, Boulting Bros., London Films, 1950.

  Shadow Makers, Roland Joffeá, Paramount, 1989.

  Strategic Air Command, Anthony Mann, Paramount, 1955.

  The Terminator, James Cameron, Cinema 84/Pacific Western Productions, 1984.

  The Thing from Another World, Christian Nyby, Winchester Pictures/RKO, 1951.

  Them!, Gordon Douglas, Warner Brothers, 1954.

  Things to Come, William Cameron Menzies, London, 1936.

  20 Million Miles to Earth, Nathan Juran, Columbia, 1957.

  2001 – A Space Odyssey, Stanley Kubrick, MGM, 1968.

  War Games, John Badham, MGM/United Artists/Sherwood Productions, 1983.

  War of the Worlds, Byron Haskins, George Pal Productions/Paramount, 1953.

  The Whip Hand, William Cameron Menzies, RKO, 1951.

  Index

  Page numbers in italic refer to illustrations

  A is for Atom 369–70

  A-bomb see atomic bomb

  Academic Assistance Council (AAC) (UK) 212, 213

  Adam, Ken 412, 414

  Adams, Henry 55

  Adamson, Lieutenant Colonel Keith F. 267

  Advisory Committee on Uranium (USA) 267–8, 272

  AEC 342, 357, 362, 367, 379, 409

  aerial warfare 116, 197–9, 224–36, 239–40, 242–3, 249, 304, 317–20, 341

  airships 116

  Albarn, Damon 437

  alchemy 33, 36, 50, 64–5, 72–3, 144, 183, 201, 219

  Aldermaston Peace March 437, 439

  Aldiss, Brian 429–30

  Allison, Samuel K. 278

  alpha radiation 63, 186, 187, 234

  Alternate Joint Communications

  Center (USA) 349

  Alvarez, Luis 257, 357, 360

  Amazing Stories 124, 167, 169, 231–4, 232, 293

  American Civil War 102

  ammonia 100

  Anderson, Herbert 6, 9, 275, 314

  Anderson, Poul, Thermonuclear Warfare 351

  Apollo space project 283

  Archimedes 123

  arms race 323–4, 401, 407

  Arnold, James R. 25, 27, 378–9

  Arrivée d’un train en gare de La Ciotat, L’ 45

  Arrowsmith, Pat 439

  ASDIC 123

  Astounding Science Fiction 291–2, 294, 296, 369

  Atomic Age Opens, The 341

  Atomic Alert 342

  atomic bomb (A-bomb) xx, 281, 282, 256

  design 270, 307–8

  in drama and fiction 109, 112, 115, 127, 129, 196–200, 226–9, 231–4, 249–51, 292, 294–7, 345–9, 346

  Germany 257–60, 265–6, 282–3, 291

  atomic bomb –cont.

  Hiroshima 6, 19, 34, 134, 270, 298, 307–8, 316, 328–32, 334, 368, 382, 384, 435

  Nagasaki 34, 35, 222, 266, 291, 298, 308, 332–6, 335, 358, 384

  origin of name 115, 197

  press stories about 256, 287–91, 376, 384

  scepticism about 256–7, 269

  Soviet Union 341, 357

  subcommittee to assess feasibility (UK) 270

  United Kingdom 269–72, 342–3, 372–3

  views of Manhattan Project scientists on the use of 321–2

  see also Manhattan Project and Advisory Committee on Uranium

  atomic energy 143–4, 202–3, 216, 234, 265, 276

  in fiction and film 127, 130, 145, 202–4, 231, 291–4, 293, 300, 302, 345, 422

  Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) 342, 357, 362, 367, 379, 409

  atomic science, history of 36–51, 58–79

  atomic structure, theories 37, 62–3, 76–7, 186

  Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (UK) 437

  atoms 37, 62–3, 76–7, 132

  splitting 143–6, 251, 254, 381, 388, 411

  Atoms for Peace Award 420

  Attlee, Clement 342

  Auden, W.H. 152

  Auld, Samuel 94, 102

  Aum Shinrikyo 249, 438

  Auschwitz 92, 245, 384

  Back to the Future films 43

  Bacon, Francis 98

  Baker, Josephine 153

  Baldwin, Stanley 198, 341

  Ball, Hugo 131

  Ballard, J.G. 384

  balloons 116

  Balzac, Honoré de, Quest for the Absolute 51

  Bannister, Roger 377

  Barr, Densil Neve, The Man with

  Only One Head 385–6

  Barr, Robert, ‘The Doom of

  London’ 385

  BASF 100

  Baskerville, Chas 106

  Batory 344

  Beast from 20,000 Fathoms, The 370

  Becker, Herbert 186, 187

  Beckett, Samuel 385

  Beckmann, Max 152

  Becquerel, Henri 58–9, 68, 70

  Becquerel rays seeradioactivity

  Bell, Thomas 415

  Beneath the Planet of the Apes365, 384–5, 393

  Benn, Tony 375, 437

  Berlin 151–4, 177, 191–2, 208, 407

  Berlin Wall 407

  Bernstein, Jeremy 413–14

  Berthelot, Marcelin 56

  beryllium 186, 187, 231–4, 235, 296

  beta radiation 63

  Bethe, Hans 15, 16, 18, 180, 322, 356, 409

  and CP-1 280–81

&nb
sp; and H-bomb 20, 23, 357, 359, 414

  Manhattan Project 306, 307

  refusal to work with Teller 360

  Trinity test 309

  University of Chicago Round Table broadcast 18–24

  Beveridge, William 211

  Bevin, Ernest 342

  Big Science 20, 296, 355

  Bihaly, Lazislas 172

  Bikini Atoll tests 13, 127, 129, 362, 365–8

  biological weapons xix, 103, 226, 352–3, 382, 433

  in fiction 106, 110–11, 200, 226–7, 239–41, 348, 351

  Japan 244–7

  United States 241–2, 353

  BIR 120, 123

  Birkenau 92

  Blair, Bruce G. 433, 434, 435

  Blue Danube 372

  Bohr, Niels 180–82, 184–5, 235, 236, 316, 321

  atomic model 186, 253

  at Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft colloquium 155

  at Los Alamos 305

  and nuclear fission 254–5, 259, 289

  scepticism about atomic bomb 256–7, 269

  Bond, James 401

  Borden, William, There Will Be No Time 362

  Born, Max 94, 135, 138, 154, 209–10, 214, 320

  Bosch, Carl 100

  Bothe, Walther 181, 186, 187

  Bovril 56

  Boyle, Hal 339–40

  Bradbury, Norris E. 309

  Bragg, Sir William 124

  Brailsford, H.N. 194

  Bravo test 13, 127, 129, 362, 365–8, 371–2, 374, 378, 386

  breakdown of society 343, 348–9, 351, 373, 384, 411

  Brecht, Bertolt 208

  ‘The Legend of the Dead Soldier’ 140

  The Life of Galileo 140, 393

  ‘1940’ 224

  The Threepenny Opera 152

  breeder reactors 174–5, 285

  Briggs, Lyman J. 267, 271

  Board of Inventions and Research (UK) 120, 123–4

  Brodie, Bernard 97, 412, 414

  Bronowski, Jacob 218, 334

  Brown, Frederic, ‘The Weapon’ 381

  Brown, Harrison 18–24, 18, 374, 386, 400, 420

  Browne, Maurice, and Robert Nichols, Wings Over Europe 228–9, 256, 302

  Brownian motion 132

  Bryant, Peter seeGeorge, Peter

  Buchan, Alastair 403

  Buchenwald 208–9

  Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 25–6, 352, 371, 375, 400, 412–13, 419–20, 421

  Bulwer-Lytton, Edward, The Coming Race 55–6, 107

  Bund, Der 192, 194–5

  ‘bunker buster’ bomb 435

  Burchett, Wilfred 331–2

 

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