Bohemund VII 1275–87
Edessa
Baldwin I of Boulogne 1098–1100
Baldwin II of Le Bourcq 1100–1118
Joscelin I of Courtenay 1119–31
Joscelin II 1131–50
(Joscelin III titular count 1150–88)
Valois Dukes of Burgundy
Philip the Bold 1363–1404
John the Fearless 1404–19
Philip the Good 1419–67
Charles the Rash 1467–77
Index
Aaron of Mainz 102
Abbo of Fleury, Passio sancti Edmundi 41
Absolon, archbishop of Lund 681, 690
Abu Ali Ibn Izz ad-Din, Syrian merchant 216
Abu Shama, historian 414–15, 796
Abu Sulayman Da’ud, Palestinian doctor 212
Achard of Montmerle 27
Acre 153, 205, 220, 223, 228, 237, 238, 353, 354–5, 372, 465, 520, 618, 643, 645, 717–18, 732
commune of St Andrew at 726
Council of (1148) 332
massacre at (1191) 456–7
siege of (1189–91) 354, 367, 395–6, 402–17, 428–30, 439, 442–3, 446–55, 473
siege and fall of (1291) 706, 732, 818–22
Adalia 327–8, 832
Adam Haughton, chancellor of England 911
Adela, countess of Blois 117, 122, 141, 171
Adelarius of Fleury 39
Adelisa of Sicily 207, 357
Adhemar of Chabannes, chronicler 55, 68, 69–70, 80
Adhemar, bishop of le Puy 60, 63, 64, 65, 75–6, 87, 93, 115, 116, 121, 130, 138, 141, 142–6, 148, 159, 163, 216
al-Adid, Fatimid caliph of Egypt 349–50
al-Adil, sultan of Egypt 451, 461, 463, 492–4, 547, 612, 636, 637, 643, 648, 725
Adolf, count of Holstein 305–7, 679
Aelfric of Cerne, abbot of Eynsham 40
Lives of the Saints 40–41
al-Afdal, son of Saladin 367
al-Afdal, vizier of Egypt 128, 129, 141, 152, 155, 156, 160
Afonso Henriques, king of Portugal 310–16
Agincourt, battle of (1415) 456, 856, 912
Agnes of Courtenay 209, 227, 357–62
Aigues Mortes 780–81, 783, 811, 881
Aimery of Limoges, patriarch of Antioch 193, 236, 346
Aimery of Lusignan, king of Jerusalem 361–2, 371, 405, 444–5, 490, 492–4, 723, 724–5
Ain Jalut, battle of (1260) 807
Alacazar do Sol (Al-Qasr) 627–8
Alan, lord of al-Atharib 192, 231
Alan of Lille 380
Alarcos, battle of (1195) 666
Alberic of Trois-Fontaines 502
Albert of Aachen (Aix), chronicler 60, 79, 92, 95, 98, 99, 104, 109, 157, 244, 246
Albert ‘the Bear’, margrave of Brandenberg 307, 682
Albert of Buxtehude, bishop of Riga 687, 690–93
Albert Sürbeer, archbishop of Prussia and Riga 704–5
Albigensian, definition of 576
Alcantara, Order of 256, 667–8
Alcuin of York 37
Aleppo 12, 53, 187, 188, 189, 206, 268, 272, 329–30, 331, 344, 352, 353, 362, 636, 806
Alexander II, pope 54–5, 56, 104, 660
Alexander III, pope 210, 342, 682, 695
Alexander IV, pope 696, 705, 806, 898
Alexander VI, pope 698, 711, 871
Alexander Nevsky, ruler of Novgorod 696
Alexandretta 135
Alexandria 238, 402, 515–16
crusade to (1365) 831–4, 837
patriarch of 4
Alexius I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor 12, 15, 21, 59, 61–2, 69, 72, 74, 77, 81, 82, 83, 96–9, 108–16, 118–22, 124, 125, 136, 147–8, 152, 172–3, 178, 193–4, 261–2, 325, 534, 537
Alexius II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor 517, 536
Alexius III Angelus, Byzantine emperor 490, 509–10, 515, 536, 537–9, 544–7
Alexius IV Angelus, Byzantine emperor 519, 520, 528, 532–3, 538–49, 553–4, 559
Alexius V Ducas ‘Murzuphlus’, Byzantine emperor 549–54
Alice of Jerusalem, princess of Antioch 191, 194, 200
Alice of Jerusalem, queen of Cyprus 726, 727
Alfonso I, king of Aragon 250, 253, 256, 664–5
Alfonso V, king of Aragon and Naples 865, 866
Alfonso VI, king of Leon-Castile 658–9, 660–61
Alfonso VII, king of Leon-Castile 264, 313, 665
Alfonso VIII, king of Castile 488, 666, 668–9
Alfonso IX, king of Leon 666
Alfonso X, king of Leon-Castile 671
Alfonso-Jordan, count of Toulouse 196–7, 198, 277, 280, 290, 294, 295, 329, 330, 397, 580
Alfred, king of Wessex 38, 41
Aljubarotta, battle of (1385) 901
Allenby, Edmund, British General 469, 771
Almeria 304, 665
Almohads 488, 494, 608, 612, 665–6, 668–9, 721
Almoravids 13, 250, 263, 311, 661–2, 721
Alp Arslan, Seljuk sultan 126–7
Alphonse, count of Poitiers 601, 772, 775, 779, 781, 784, 786, 788, 808, 812
Amadeus of Savoy, count of Maurienne 280, 289, 290, 298, 323
Amadeus VI, count of Savoy 832
his crusade 833, 843, 851, 852
Amalfi 71
hospital of in Jerusalem 180, 253
Amalric, king of Jerusalem 201, 208–9, 212, 218, 223, 231, 236, 332, 337, 347–50, 357–8, 359
Amaury of Montfort 563–6, 600, 757, 759, 765–6
Ambroise, poet chronicler 351, 472–3
Ambrose of Milan 29, 33–4, 173
Americas, the 838, 910, 914
Anacletus II, anti-pope 14, 248, 266
Andrew II, king of Hungary 615, 626–7, 629, 635, 699
Andrew of Longjumeau, OP 785, 786, 798
Andronicus I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor 422, 517
Andronicus II Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor 838, 849
Ankara, battle of (1402) 847, 856
Anna Comnena 97, 111–12, 113, 114, 119–20, 147, 262, 537
Alexiad 111–12
Anse, synod of 171, 247
Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury 49, 88, 236, 569
Anselm, bishop of Havelburg 305, 307
Anselm of Lucca 67
Anselm, archbishop of Milan 170, 174
Anselm of Ribemont 164, 172
Antioch (in Syria) 12, 15, 53, 61, 119, 120, 122, 126, 129, 133, 136, 175, 403, 422, 427–8, 453, 534, 536, 806, 810
Assises d’Antioche 729
battle of 146–7
Lake of, battle of (1098) 140
patriarchate of 4, 193, 197, 323
principality of 85, 111, 112, 149, 178, 187, 188, 189–96, 212–40, 273, 319, 323, 345–6, 354, 716, 721
siege of (1097–8) 59, 80, 93, 117, 120, 132–48, 155, 163, 334
apartheid 225–40
Apocalypse, the 31, 247
Arda of Edessa 202, 207
Aristotle 32, 34
Politics 32
Armenians 118–19, 132, 134, 135, 141, 142, 227
Arnaud Aimery, abbot of Cîteaux 581, 582, 583, 584–5, 587–92, 597, 669
Arnold III, count of Aerschot 300, 308–17 passim
Arnold, bishop of Lisieux 295
Arnold of Lübeck, chronicler 392, 418, 492, 685
Arnulf of Chocques, twice patriarch of Jerusalem 117, 145, 156, 160, 169, 204
Arnulf, king of the East Franks 38
Arpin, viscount of Bourges 175
Arqah, siege of (1099) 142, 145, 150–53
Arrabit, family of 228
Arsuf 161, 179
battle of (1191) 353, 439, 458–9
Ascalon 157, 206, 330, 332, 335, 372, 722, 765, 768, 771
battle of (1099) 60, 117, 140, 141, 160, 162
capture of (1153) 344, 346
and Third Crusade 456–71
al-Ashraf Khalil, sultan of Egypt 732, 818–22
Assassins, the, Shi’ite sect 128, 198, 199,
352, 466
assise de l’an et jour 196
assise des bourgeois 231, 729
assise du coup apparent 223
assise sur la ligece 205, 211, 223
assises (laws) of Jerusalem 205, 213, 230
Athena Promachos, Phidias’s statue of 548
Athlit, Chêteau Pèlerin 628, 637, 645, 648, 722, 822
Augustine of Hippo 29, 34–5, 38, 567, 583
Autun, crusade vowsat (1095) 63
Avars 36, 37
Avis, Order of 256, 667
Aymar, patriarch of Jerusalem 509, 721
al-Azimi, Aleppan chronicler 81
Al-Babayn, battle of (1167) 337, 348
Bacon, Francis, on holy war 875
Badr al-Jamali, vizier of Egypt 128
Bahram, vizier of Egypt 225
Baibars al-Bunduqdari, sultan of Egypt 351, 722, 728–9, 730–31, 797, 807, 813, 817
Baghdad 2, 173, 175, 554, 806
Abbasid caliphate, caliphs of 1, 12, 52, 53, 126, 188, 191, 195, 345, 348, 350, 353, 806
Bagrat the Armenian 134
Baha’ al-Din ibn Shaddad, writer and civil servant 235, 353, 384–5, 403, 406, 411, 414, 420, 442–3, 452, 456, 459, 464, 470, 472
Balak of Aleppo 187, 265, 271
Baldric of Borgueil, chronicler 93
Baldwin, archbishop of Canterbury 377–8, 381, 383, 385–7, 393, 395, 407, 428–30, 433, 435, 441
Baldwin, intimate, perhaps lover, of Baldwin I 202
Baldwin I, count of Edessa and king of Jerusalem 20, 82, 109, 111, 131–2, 134, 149, 161, 164, 178, 185–6, 187, 190, 195, 197, 200–205, 207, 254, 259, 357
Baldwin II, emperor of Constantinople 556, 632, 762, 783
Baldwin II, of Le Bourcq, count of Edessa and king of Jerusalem 109, 186–7, 188, 191, 194, 195, 200–201, 204–9, 221, 225, 228, 231, 264, 265, 267, 271, 346
Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem 195, 201, 207, 208–9, 212, 216, 223, 231, 331–2, 334, 335, 345, 346–7, 357
Baldwin IV, king of Jerusalem 209–11, 212, 227, 354, 356, 357–64
leprosy of 210–11, 212, 356
Baldwin V, king of Jerusalem 209, 236–7, 354, 361, 363–5
Baldwin IX, count of Flanders, emperor of Constantinople 502–3, 505, 507–8, 509, 510, 516, 518–20, 525–6, 531, 542, 550, 554–6, 559, 613, 885, 888
Baldwin of Ibelin 229, 359–60, 361, 365–6
Baldwin of Marasch 235, 268
Baldwin of Mons, count of Hainault 63
Balian of Ibelin 229, 371, 372, 429, 472
Balts, the 677, 685
al-Bara 121, 138, 140, 149, 190
Barbastro 660, 661
Bari 11–12, 14, 55, 108, 112, 537
Barisan (or Balian), founder of Ibelin family 221
Barisan of Beirut 725
Barkyaruq, Seljuk prince 128
Basil II, the Bulgar Slayer, Byzantine emperor 11, 55, 535
Bayeux Tapestry, the 76
Bayezid I, Ottoman sultan 846, 851, 853, 856–7
Bayezid II, Ottoman sultan 872
Bayt Nuba 462–4, 467–9
Beaufort, castle of 235, 404–5, 406, 407, 409, 415, 810
Bede 36, 41
Bedouin 4, 12, 226, 347, 356, 638
Bedum, Frisia 618–19
Beirut 153, 179, 221, 352, 372, 492, 495, 822
Ibelin palace at 238, 718, 730
Bela III, king of Hungary 419, 421, 434, 626
Bela IV, king of Hungary 785
Bela of Hungary 224
Belchite, confraternity of 256
Belgrade 96, 844
defence of (1456) 837, 844, 866–9
Belvoir, castle of 232, 372
bathroom at 238
Benedetto Accolti, chancellor of Florence and historian 829
Benedict, saint 39
Benedict VIII, pope 55
Benedict XII, pope 830–31, 905
Benedict XIII, anti-pope 854
Benedict d’Alignan, bishop of Marseilles 719–20
Benevento, battle of (1266) 898
Benzo of Alba 69
Berengaria of Navarre, queen of England 442–4, 450
Bernard, abbot of Clairvaux 27–8, 68, 250–51, 252, 255, 257, 275–99, 304–5, 306, 310, 311, 337–8, 384, 489, 569, 580, 674, 678–80
De consideratione 337–8
De laude novae militiae 250–51, 255, 256, 277
Bernard, count of Ploetzkau 293, 320
Bernard Gui, inquisitor 602–3
misrepresention of, in Umberto Eco’s Name of the Rose 602
Bernard of Valence, patriarch of Antioch 193
Bertha of Sulzbach, Byzantine empress 319
Berthier of Orléans, poet and clerk 388–9
Berthold, bishop of Livonia 488, 689–90
Bertrada of Montfort, countess of Anjou 107
Bertrand, acting count of Toulouse, count of Tripoli 196–7, 198
Bertrand, claimant to county of Tripoli 198–9, 331
Bertrand of Born, troubadour 575
Bertrand du Guesclin 886
Bertrand of Montcontour 86
Bertrand du Poujet, legate 900
Bertrandon de la Brocquière, Burgundian agent 828, 846, 859
Bethgibelin 221, 224, 231
Bethlehem 153, 155, 202, 207, 225, 231, 236, 336, 471, 740
Béziers, massacre at (1209) 590–92
Birger, king of Sweden 697
Birger Jarl, Swedish crusader 697
Blanche of Castile, queen of France 772, 780, 803
Bodrum (Halicarnassus), St Peter’s castle at 884–5
Bogomils, Balkan heretics 573–4
Bohemia, kingdom of 9–10
Bohemund, prince of Taranto and
Antioch 14, 15, 59, 71, 76–7, 82, 93, 94, 110–14, 115, 119–20, 121, 130, 131–2, 136–7, 138–42, 145, 146–52, 161, 175, 178, 186, 190, 193–4, 197, 201, 203, 221, 234, 246, 258, 261–3, 537
physical description of 262
Bohemund II, prince of Antioch 191–2, 194, 195, 196, 200, 264, 267, 346
Bohemund III, prince of Antioch 191, 346, 347, 348, 361, 403, 428, 492
Bohemund IV, count of Tripoli, prince of Antioch 200, 492, 555, 716, 723
Bohemund V, count of Tripoli, prince of Antioch 726, 785
Bohemund VI, count of Tripoli, prince of Antioch 728, 806
Bohemund VII, count of Tripoli 817
Boleslav III, king of Poland 678
Boniface III, marquis of Montferrat 504, 517–20, 525, 528, 531, 532–3, 538–9, 541–2, 547, 550, 554–5, 556, 588
Boniface VIII, pope 842, 899
Boniface IX, pope 854
Bonizo, bishop of Sutri 47, 67
Liber de Vita Christiana 47
Boris, Hungarian claimant 321
Boucicaut, Jean le Meingre, Marshal of France 707, 846, 856
Bourges, assembly at (1145) 276–7, 278, 323
Bouvines, battle of (1214) 595, 598, 615
Bremen 398, 412, 414, 424, 430, 685, 689
Brian FitzCount 168, 244
Bridget of Sweden, saint 697
Brindisi 118, 290, 323, 440, 520, 741, 744, 745, 746, 748, 762
Bromholm, abbey of 558
Bruno, bishop of Olmutz 706, 815
Bruno of Segni, papal legate 261
bula de la cruzada 655, 671
Burchard, bishop of Worms 44
Burchard, count of Vendôme 42, 43
Bursuq of Hamadan 187, 191
Byzantine church, union with Rome 538, 559–60, 815, 816, 838, 849–50, 862
Byzantium, empire of 1, 4, 10–12, 21, 35, 49–50, 52–3, 68, 162, 181, 189–90, 191, 193–4, 195, 261–3, 265–6, 273–4, 290–91, 342, 349, 360, 496, 501, 509–10, 514–15, 533–8, 555–60, 830, 845–52
Cadmus, Mt (Honaz Daghi), battle of (1148) 326–7
Caesarea 153, 178, 179, 205, 220, 224, 233–4, 355, 628, 636, 722, 748, 807
Caesarius of Heisterbach, theologian 479, 480
Caffaro, Genoese chron
icler 180
Calatrava, Order of 256, 667–8
Calixtus II, pope 249, 253, 258, 265, 275, 664, 668
Calixtus III, pope 865, 869, 871, 890
Caltabellota, treaty of (1302) 899
Canary Islands 838
Canute, Danish duke 252, 264, 681
Canute V, king of Denmark 305, 680, 681
Canute VI, king of Denmark 377, 382, 690
Carmelites, Order of 730
Casal Imbert 222, 404, 726
Castelnaudary 563–6, 596, 624
Catalan Company, the 162, 850
Cathars, Catharism 568–605
Celestine III, pope 480, 488, 491, 666–7, 685
Cerne, monks of 106
Chanson d’Antioche, La 40, 84, 86, 246, 248
chansons de geste 49, 50, 56, 245, 246
Chanson des chétifs 236
Charlemagne, king of the Franks, emperor 5, 36–7, 40, 68, 650, 908
Charles IV, king of France 830
Charles V, king of France 887–8
Charles VI, king of France 852, 854, 858
Charles VII, king of France 866, 909–10
Charles VIII, king of France 872, 910
Charles IV, king of Germany and Bohemia, emperor 887
Charles V, king of Germany and Spain, emperor 671, 902, 910
Charles of Anjou, king of Sicily 724, 731–2, 772, 795, 806, 807, 810–12, 815, 816, 817–18, 838, 849, 898
Charles the Good, count of Flanders 207, 252
Charles the Rash, duke of Burgundy 858, 861
Châteaudun, crusade confraternity of 776
Christian, bishop of the Prussians 699–700, 704
Christian of Gistel 299, 300, 309–17 passim
Christians
Armenian 125, 193, 215, 226, 232, 849
Coptic 126, 637
Greek Orthodox 125, 192–3, 194, 225, 226, 231, 681, 684, 849–50
Jacobite 125, 193, 225, 226, 232
Maronite 125, 225, 226, 616
Melkite 226, 616
Mozarab 314, 315, 654, 660
Nestorian 213, 226, 641, 642, 785
‘Syrian’ 204, 215, 224–5, 226, 231–2, 235
Christine de Pisan, mystic and polemicist 909
Chud-Peipus, Lake, battle of (1242) 696, 701
Church reform movement of eleventh century 6–8, 45–7, 64, 68
Cicero 32, 34
Cilician Armenia 59, 126, 129, 131–2, 139, 149, 190, 194, 261, 319, 328, 427, 716, 723, 817, 826
Cistercians, order of, and crusade 296, 381, 497, 499, 503–4, 588
Clairvaux, abbey of 68
Clement III, pope 441, 479, 481, 482
Clement IV, pope 807, 809, 810, 896, 898
Clement V, pope 706, 830, 841, 842, 879, 909
Clement VI, pope 698, 889, 891
Clement VII, anti-pope 900–901
Clermont, council of (1095) 44, 58, 61, 62–74, 244, 248, 279, 386, 387, 655, 915
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