17. ‘Princess Bharani’, Hinduism Today, February 1996 at http://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=3569 (accessed 28/06/2015).
18. Gouri Lakshmi Bayi, Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple, p. 189.
19. See the Rules of Procedure for Adoption dated 1747 in Ibrahim Kunju, op. cit., p. 149.
20. Kausalya Santhanam, ‘Writer with a royal lineage’, The Hindu dated 16/08/2011 at http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/writer-with-a-royal-lineage/article2455596.ece (accessed 28/06/2015).
21. See http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mag/2003/03/30/stories/2003033000700700.htm and http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/simplicity-hallmark-of-travancore-royal-family/article4712319.ece (accessed 28/06/2015).
22. Ananthakrishnan G, ‘Sree Padmanabha Swamy temple: Lord Vishnu’s royal servants guard his riches’, The Economic Times dated 05/07/2011 at http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-07-05/news/29738859_1_royal-family-sree-padmanabha-swamy-temple-erstwhile-princely-state (accessed 28/06/2015).
23. ‘Sree Padmanabha Swamy Temple case: Amicus curiae’s report to the Supreme Court’, The Hindu dated 08/11/2012 at http://www.thehindu.com/news/resources/sree-padmanabha-swamy-temple-case-amicus-curiaes-report-to-the-supreme-court/article4077408.ece (accessed 26/08/2015).
24. ‘266 kg gold missing from Kerala’s Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple: Audit Report’, NDTV dated 14/02/2015 at http://www.ndtv.com/cities/266-kg-gold-missing-from-keralas-sree-padmanabhaswamy-temple-audit-report-739461 and Krishnadas Rajagopal, ‘Padmanabhaswamy temple vault was opened seven times: Vinod Rai’, The Hindu dated 13/08/2014 at http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/padmanabhaswamy-temple-vault-was-opened-seven-times-vinod-rai/article6309994.ece (accessed 28/06/2015).
25. Prabhati Nayak Mishra, op. cit.
26. Amy Kazmin, ‘The battle for custodianship of the Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple’, Financial Times dated 19/09/2014 at http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/170f515a-382e-11e4-a687-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3eN5jrJgi (accessed 28/06/2015).
27. Author’s interview with Jay Varma.
28. Indira Varma in Gayatri Rao ed. Curtains: Stories by 9 Women (Google Books).
29. Author’s interview with Uma Varma.
30. Author’s interview with Lakshmi Raghunandan.
31. Author’s interview with Karthik Varma.
32. Author’s interview with Rukmini Varma.
Index
Abhijnana Sakuntalam
Abstention Movement
Achan, Paliyath
Actium, Battle of
Adil Shah of Bijapur
adoptions
fraught with bitter rivalries and vehement intrigues
and succession, matrilineal system of inheritance
Aiyangar, Kuppuswamy
Albert, Prince
Alexander III, Pope
All-Travancore Joint Political Congress (ATJPC)
All Travancore Trade Union Congress (ATTUC)
Ambedkar, B.R.
Ambika (1951, Tiruvathira Tirunal Ambika Varma, Lalitha’s daughter)
Ampthill, Lady
Ampthill, Lord
Ananthalakshmi Pillai
Anjengo
Arab traders, Arabs in Calicut
Arabian Sea
Arcot, Nawab of
Arundale, Rukmini Devi
Arunima, G.
Arya, Kolathiri Princess
Asan, Kumaran
Asoka, Emperor
Asvathi Tirunal (Umayamma Rani) (Queen Ashure)
Asvathi Tirunal, Prince
Attingal Ranis
decline of
Silver Plate Treaty with Martanda Varma (1731)
war against Dutch
and Europeans, commercial relations
trade treaties with Portuguese, Dutch and English merchants
Attlee, Clement
Austin, Thomas
Axis forces, surrender of
Ayilyam Tirunal, Maharajah
Balamani Ammal Company
Balan (1953, Revathi Tirunal Balagopal Varma, Lalitha’s son)
Balban, Muslim Sultan of Delhi
Banerjea, Surendranath
Bank of Travancore
banking
Banking Enquiry Committee
Barbosa, Duarte
Bard, Sir William Birdwood
Baroda
accession to Indian Union
Maharajah of
Regency in
Bayly, Susan
Bengal School of Art
Bhagavan Tampuran
Bhagavathi, goddess
Bhageerathi (Kochukunji)
black magic by
Bhagvathar, Appu
Bhagvathar, Kalyanakrishna (Sr)
Bhagvathar, Kalyanakrishna (Jr)
Bhagvathar, Venkatadiri
Bhagvathar, Padmanabha
Bhagvathar, Ramachandra
Bhagvathar, Ranga
Bhavani Tampuratti
Bidapa, Prasad
Bikaner, Maharajah of
black magic
Blandford, Augusta
Bose, Subhash Chandra
Brahmins
conversion to Christianity
dominance of
not interested in tea plantation
opposed rail transport
resented the temple entry of lower castes
Bristow, Sir Robert
British Empire
interference in Travancore’s affairs
policy in India
Brook Bond Scheme
Bruce, Henry
Buchanan, Francis
Buckingham, Lord
Budan, Baba
Cabral, Pedro Alvarez
Calicut
pre-eminence in Kerala
Calicut, Zamorin of
alliance with Adil Shah of Bijapur
alliance with Dutch
and Portuguese war
inflicted defeat on Portuguese in alliance with Sultan of Egypt and Ottoman Turks
incessant war and refractory allies
Hyder Ali of Mysore, war with
Canning, Lord
Cape Comorin
caste prejudice, caste system
Cater, A.N.L.
Central Land Mortgage Bank
Central Road Board
Chamber of Princess
Chandrabhaga Devi
Chandy, K.
Charles, King of England
Chathayam Tirunal (Elayarajah)
Chathayam Tirunal (Kolathiri princess)
Chellamvakai
Chelmsford, Lord
Chera dynasty
China, Chinese
intrusions
and Kerala, ancient trade relations
tea
Chinali the pirate
Chinna Kribala, half-Chinese and Malay community
Chithira Tirunal Balarama Varma Tampuran, Maharajah of Travancore. See also Sethu Lakshmi Bayi; Sethu Parvathi Bayi
administrative training of
and C.P. Ramaswami Iyer
Hindu bias
and Indian national movement
issue of accession to Indian Union minority policy
court case with Sethu Lakshmi Bayi regarding properties
was proclaimed sovereign ruler
and Temple Entry Proclamation (1936)
Christians, Christian missionaries, Christianity in/of Kerala
Catholic faith
Eastern Orthodox
confrontation with Islam
representation in Legislature and Public Service
Pagan influences
in plantation business
Syrian Christians
Syrian Christian Triumvirate
women’s education
Churchill, Winston
Civil List
Cleopatra of Egypt
Cochin
retained independence as tributary of the British
development of Cochin Harbour Scheme
as
the Queen of Arabian Sea
Rajah of
Coir Factory Workers’ Union
Cold War
College of Arts, Trivandrum
communalism
communal rivalries among politicians
communism
Communist Party of India (CPI)
Communists, against royal family
conservatism
Constitution of India
Corbett, Jim
corruption and bribery
Cotton, C.W.E., Resident of Travancore
Council of Regency
Crosthwaite, Lt Col. Charles Gilbert, Resident of Travancore
Cullen, General
Curzon, Lord
D’Cruz, Zacharias
da Gama, Vasco
Daraka, demon
Das, Kamala
Davies, John Paton
Day, Francis
de Albergaria, Lopo Soares
de Laval, Pyrard
Dekobra, Maurice
Della Valle, Pietro
Desai, Mahadev
devadasi system
inheritance, rights and privileges in temples, royal patronage
Devaswom Commissioner
Devi Prasad (Rukmini’s husband)
Devika (1962, Pooram Tirunal Devika Varma, Lalitha’s daughter)
Devika, J.
Dewans’ appointments
in British interest
discontent among Nairs over
Dhanammal, ‘Veena’
Dharma, Pallava emperor
di Conti, Niccolo
Direct Action against the Maharajah
Director of Public Instruction, selection of
dominion status
Dorai Rajah
Dowager Maharani Vani Vilas Sannidhana
Duchess of Bedford
Dutch
and English succeeded Portuguese
influences in Kerala
merchants
Dutt, P.C.
Economic Depression Enquiry Committee
Economic Development Board (EDB) of Travancore
economic situation of Travancore
Egypt, Sultan of
Elayarajah Martanda Varma (1922-2013)
Elliot, F.A.H.
Emergency (1975–77)
English East India Company
annexed territories
control over defences of Travancore
Travancore’s indebtedness to
defeated Tipu Sultan
tea cultivation
tempered the rights of Bhopal begums
English education in India
Ettuveetil Pillamar (Lords of the Eight Houses)
European, Europeans
curiosity and imagination of
in India
tea planters
trade mission
weapons
Ezhava Regulation
Ezhavas
class consciousness
conversion to Buddhism
threat of mass conversion to Christianity
representation in Legislature and Public Services
and Nairs, hostility between
women’s education
Fawcett, F.
Field, D.M.
floods
Fortune, Robert
franchise, right in Travancore based on land-ownership
freedom of expression
Gaekwar, Chimnabai II, Maharani of Baroda
Gaekwar, Sayajirao, Maharajah of Baroda
Gandhi, M.K.
Irwin Pact (1931)
Pitt Pact (1925)
Garden of Eden
Garstin, Mr
gender. See also matrilineal system
Genghis Khan
George, King
George V
George VI
George, Prince of England
Giri, V.V.
Glover, Elizabeth, Great Queens
Goda Varma ADC
Gokhale, Gopal Krishna
Gopal, Sarvepalli
Gopalan, A.K.
Goschen, George, Viscount of Hawkhurst
Government of Madras
Gowri Lakshmi Bayi, Ayilyam Tirunal (r. 1810–1814)
and John Munro, relations between
and Ummini Tampi, relations between
Gowri Parvathi Bayi (r. 1814–1829)
Grant-Duff, Sir Mountstuart
Great Depression (1929)
Great Rebellion (1857)
Grose, John Henry
Gundert, Hermann
Gwalior
Habibullah, Sir Muhammad
Haggard, Rider
Halcyon Castle, Kovalam
Harvey, Captain
Heyer, Georgette
Hindu, Hindus
casteism, political implications of
and Christians, intermarriages between
identity
princes and Muslim merchants, partnership between
society, peculiarities of
Wodeyar dynasty
women
Hindu Loyalist League
Hindu Mahasabha
Hinduism
hiranyagarbha
Hitler, Adolf
Hobart, Lord
Hormusjee, Tosher
Huxam, Mr
Hyder Ali of Mysore
Ibn Batuta
Ikkavukutty
India Meters
Indian National Congress. See also Gandhi, M.K.
Indian Telegraph Department
Indira Devi, Maharani of Cooch Behar
Indira (1926, Karthika Tirunal Indira Bayi Tampuran), Third Princess of Travancore
individualism
infrastructure development
international trade
Interportal Trading Convention
Irwin, Lady
Irwin, Lord
Ismail, Sir Mirza, Dewan of Mysore
Iyengar, Rangaswami
Iyer, A.R. Subramania
Iyer, Anantha Rama (Saravanai)
Iyer, Sir C.P. Ramaswami (CP)
and Mahatma Gandhi
Iyer, C.S. Krishnaswami
Iyer, Kulathu
Iyer, T.S. Sankaranarayana
Iyer, Ulloor S. Parameswara
Iyer, V.S. Subramania
Iyer, Vaidyanath
Iyer, Venkateswara
James, Col.
James, William
Janaki Amma
Jay (1961, Ayilyam Tirunal Jaygopal Varma, Rukmini’s son)
Jeeth (Ambika’s husband)
Jeffrey, Robin
Jenmabhoomi
Jensen, Theodore
Jews
sought refuge in Kerala
Jinnah, Muhammad Ali
John, Prester
Kalidasa, Meghadutam
Kalinga Rayar
Kannan Devan Hills Produce Company
Kannankulangara
Karamana River
Karnad, Girish
Karthika Tirunal Indira Bayi Tampuran. See Indira, Third Princess of Travancore
Kazeroonis
Keen, Caroline
Kerala Mahatmyam
Kerala Mitram
Kerala
princes and chieftains, petty warfare
strategic significance
Kerala Varma (Valiya Koil Tampuran)
academician and scholar
was arrested, stripped of titles and rank
asked for British protection
death of
Kshamapana Sahasra
Visakhavijaya
Yanapranama Sataka
Kerala Varma (Princess Lalitha’s husband)
Kerala Varma (KK) (Princess Indira’s husband)
Keralapatrika
Keraleeya Sugunabodhini
Keralolpathi
Kesavan, C.
Keynes, John Maynard
kharitas
Khasgi estate
Kilimanoor
Kochu Thankam
Kochukunji. See Bhageerathi
Kodaikan
al, Madras presidency
Kolathiri Rajahs, Kolathiri dynasty. See also adoption; matrilineal system
Kowdiar Palace
Krishna Vilasam Palace
Krishnamachari, Sir V.T.
Kshatriya
kshudraprayogam
kudipaka
Kumaran, N.
Kupaka clan/dynasty
Queen of. See also Sethu Lakshmi Bayi
Kuruvilla, Elizabeth
Kuttan Tampuran
Kutty Amma
Lakshman, Dr
Lakshmi Bayi Tampuran, Bharani Tirunal
Lakshmi Bayi Tampuran, Karthika Tirunal, First Princess of Travancore
Lakshmi Varma (1946, Makam Tirunal Lakshmi Bayi Tampuran, Lalitha’s daughter)
Lalindloch Palace
Lalitha, Second Princess of Travancore (1923-2008, Uthram Tirunal Lalitamba Bayi); wedding
Landsowne, Lord
Lawrence, James
Legislative Council of Travancore
legislative measures
Lekha Parvathi Bayi, Bharani Tirunal
Logan, William, Malabar Manual
Lothian, Lord
Loti, Pierre
Lukose, Dr Mary Poonen
Macau
Macaulay, Lord
Macaulay, Major
Mackenzie, G.T.
Madhavan, T.K.
Madras Presidency
Mahaprabha (Kochupanki)
Mahaprabha (daughter of Ravi Varma)
Maharajahs of Travancore
Makayiram Tirunal, Kupaka queen
Malayala Brahmin Regulation
Malayala Manorama
Malayali Memorial
Mallya, Lalitha
Mallya, Vittal
mamluks (slave warriors)
Manavikrama, Rajah. See also Zamorin of Calicut
Manuel, King of Portugal
Mappillai, Mammen
Marathi Brahmins in government jobs
Maria, Father Vincenzo
maritime trade in ancient India
marriage practices in Kerala. See also matrilineal system
Martanda Varma (1706–1758)
died
discovered the power of faith
military campaigns in South Kerala
Mateer, Samuel
matrilineal system of inheritance
economic management of matrilineal households
bill for termination
succession by adoption
Mavelikkara
Mayer, Adrian
Memorial from the People of Travancore
Menon, A.S.
Menon, Achutha
Menon, K.G.
Menon, K.P. Padmanabha
Menon, Kuttikrishna
Menon, Madhava
Menon, Narayana
Menon, O. Chandu, Indulekha
Menon, Sreedhara
Menon, V.P.
Menon, Velayudha
Ming emperors of China
minorities, rights and privileges
Minto, Lord
Moens, Adriaan
monarchy, deification of
Monier-Williams, Monier
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