Sugrue, Thomas J. “The Peopling and Depeopling of Early Pennsylvania: Indians and Colonists, 1680–1720.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 116 (January 1992): 3–31.
Tauber, Alfred I. Henry David Thoreau and the Moral Agency of Knowing. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.
Thompson, Mary P. Landmarks in Ancient Dover, New Hampshire. Concord, NH: Republican Press Association, 1892.
Thornton, Russell. “Aboriginal North American Population and Rates of Decline, ca. a.d. 1500–1900.” Current Anthropology 38 (April 1997): 310–15.
———. “Demographic History.” In Handbook of North American Indians, edited by Raymond D. Fogelson, 14:48–52. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.
Thornton, Russell, Tim Miller, and Jonathan Warren. “American Indian Recovery Following Smallpox Epidemics.” American Anthropologist 93 (March 1991): 28–45.
Thwaites, Reuben Gold, ed. The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents. Vols. 2, 3, 7, 20, 43, 64, 69. Cleveland: Burrows Brothers, 1896, 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900.
Tooker, Elisabeth. “The League of the Iroquois: Its History, Politics, and Ritual.” In Handbook of North American Indians, edited by Bruce G. Trigger, 15:418–41. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978.
Tooker, William W. “Some More About Virginia Names.” American Anthropologist 7 (July 1905): 524–28.
Trigger, Bruce G., and James F. Pendergast. “Saint Lawrence Iroquoians.” In Handbook of North American Indians, edited by Bruce G. Trigger, 15:357–61. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978.
Turgeon, Laurier. “French Fishers, Fur Traders, and Amerindians During the Sixteenth Century: History and Archaeology.” William and Mary Quarterly 55 (October 1998): 585–610.
Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher. Good Wives. New York: Vintage, 1991.
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Medical Museum. “Yaupon: Ilex vomitoria.” http://www.uihealthcare.com/depts/medmuseum/galleryexhibits/naturespharmacy/ilexvomitplant/ilexvomitoria.html.
Vaughan, Alden T. “Pequots and Puritans: The Causes of the War of 1637.” William and Mary Quarterly 21 (April 1964): 256–69.
———. Transatlantic Encounters. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
———. “Trinculo’s Indian: American Natives in Shakespeare’s England.” In “The Tempest” and Its Travels, edited by Peter Hulme and William H. Sherman. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.
Vaughan, Alden T., and Edward W. Clark. Puritans Among the Indians. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981.
Verney, Jack. The Good Regiment. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1991.
Vickers, Daniel. Farmers and Fishermen. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
Vigneras, L. A. “New Light on the 1497 Cabot Voyage to America.” Hispanic American Historical Review 36 (November 1956): 503–6.
“Virginia Troops in the French and Indian Wars.” Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 1 (January 1894): 278–87.
Volwiler, Albert T. George Croghan and the Westward Movement, 1741–1782. 1926. Reprint. Lewisburg, PA: Wennawoods Publishing, 2000.
Wainwright, Nicholas B. George Croghan: Wilderness Diplomat. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1959.
———. “An Indian Trade Failure: The Story of the Hockley, Trent and Croghan Company, 1748–1752.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 72 (October 1948): 343–75.
Walker, Phillip L. “A Bioarchaeological Perspective on the History of Violence.” Annual Review of Anthropology 30 (2001): 573–96.
Walker, Willard B. “Creek Confederacy Before Removal.” In Handbook of North American Indians, edited by Raymond D. Fogelson, 14:373–92. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.
Wallace, Birgitta. “Norse Voyages.” In The Canadian Encyclopedia. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0005791.
Wallace, Paul A. W. Conrad Weiser: Friend of Colonist and Mohawk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1945.
———. Indian Paths of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1965.
———. Indians in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1968.
Wang, Sijia, Cecil M. Lewis Jr., Mattias Jakobsson, et al. “Genetic Variation and Population Structure in Native Americans.” PLoS Genetics 3 (November 23, 2007): e185. http://www.plosntds .org/article/info:doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030185.
Ward, Matthew C. “Fighting the ‘Old Women’: Indian Strategy on the Virginia and Pennsylvania Frontier, 1754–1758.” Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 103 (July 1995): 297–320.
Warrick, Gary. “European Infectious Disease and Depopulation of the Wendat-Tionontate (Huron-Petun).” World Archaeology 35 (October 2003): 258–75.
Waters, Michael R., Steven L. Forman, Thomas A. Jennings, et al. “The Buttermilk Creek Complex and the Origins of Clovis at the Debra L. Friedkin Site, Texas.” Science 331 (March 25, 2011): 1599–1603.
Webber, Mabel L. “The First Governor Moore and His Children.” South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine 37 (January 1936): 1–6.
Weber, David J. The Spanish Frontier in North America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992.
Weir, Robert M. Colonial South Carolina. Millwood, NY: KTO Press, 1983.
Wheeler, George A., and Henry W. Wheeler. History of Brunswick, Topsham and Harpswell, Maine. Boston: Alfred Mudge & Son, 1878.
Wilford, John Noble. “Chilean Field Yields New Clues to People of Americas.” New York Times, August 25, 1998. http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/082598sci-monteverde.html.
Williams, Stephen L., Suzanne B. McLaren, and Marion A. Burgwin. “Paleo-Archaeological and Historical Records of Selected Pennsylvania Mammals.” Annals of the Carnegie Museum 54 (April 23, 1985): 77–188.
Wintroub, Michael. A Savage Mirror. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006.
Wiseman, Frederick Matthew. The Voice of Dawn. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 2001.
Worth, John E. “Guale.” In Handbook of North American Indians, edited by Raymond D. Fogelson, 14:238–44. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.
———. “Razing Florida: The Indian Slave Trade and the Devastation of Spanish Florida, 1659–1715.” In The Mississippi Shatter Zone, edited by Robbie Ethridge and Sheri M. Shuck-Hall, 295–311. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009.
———. The Timucuan Chiefdoms of Spanish Florida. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998.
———. “Yamasee.” In Handbook of North American Indians, edited by Raymond D. Fogelson, 14:245–53. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.
Yesner, David R. “Human Dispersal into Interior Alaska: Antecedent Conditions, Modes of Colonization, and Adaptation.” Quaternary Science Reviews 20 (January 2001): 315–27.
Young, Alexander, ed. Chronicles of the First Planters of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay. Boston: C. C. Little & J. Brown, 1846.
Zuk, Marlene. “A Great Pox’s Greatest Feat: Staying Alive.” New York Times, April 29, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/29/health/29essa.html.
Index
Abenaki. See also Wapánahki
Algic language family, [>] (n)
attacks on English settlers, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
captives of, [>]–[>]
cultural differences among, [>]
efforts to convert to Christianity, [>]
during King Philip’s War, [>]
relationship with the English, [>]–[>]
relationship with the French, [>]–[>]
“sham battles,” [>]–[>]
western branch, [>]
Abercrombie, James, [>]–[>]
adoption rituals, [>]
African slave trade/slaves. See also Indian slave trade/slaves
in Carolina militia, [>] (n)
in the Chesapeake Bay regio
n, [>]
in Dutch colonies, [>]
in Puritan settlements, [>]
and racial identity, [>]
replacement of Indian slaves by, [>]–[>]
agricultural practices. See also corn
along Narragansett Bay, [>]
controlled fires, [>]
cultural implications, [>]–[>]
ah-jem-sik, [>]
Ajacán (Virginia), [>]
Albany Congress, 1754, [>]–[>], [>]
Albany Plan of Union, [>]
Albemarle, NC, [>]
Alberts, Robert C., [>]
Alderman, John, [>]
Alexander, James, [>], [>]
Algic language family, [>] (n)
Algonquian-speaking peoples
captives, treatment of, [>], [>], [>]
Chesapeake Bay region, [>]
Christian, enslavement of, [>]
English words derived from, [>] (n)
groups included in, [>]
importance of gift-giving, [>]
during King Philip’s War, [>], [>]
language, [>], [>] (n)
Powhatan’s territory, [>]
relationship with English settlers, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
relationship with the French, [>]–[>]
relationship with the Mohawk, [>] f
view of adoption, [>]
views on war, [>]
Allegheny Path, [>]
Allegheny River, [>], [>]–[>]
Amadas, Capt. Philip, [>]
Amherst, Jeffery, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Amish settlers, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Ammann, Jakob, [>]–[>]
Amóret, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Andros, Edmund, [>], [>]–[>]
Anglican settlers, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Antonio the Negro, [>]
Apalachee
agricultural production, [>]
conversion to Catholicism, [>]
Creek attacks on, [>]
role in repartimiento system, [>]
scalping by, [>], [>]
slaving raids on, [>], [>]–[>]
Appalachian Mountains, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Archaic period, [>]
Archangell (ship), [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
Arctic tribes, [>]
Armand, Louis (Baron Lahontan), [>]
Arosen, François Xavier, [>] (n)
Asatru Folk Assembly, [>]
Ashe, Thomas, [>]
Asia, migrations from, [>], [>] (n)
Aughwick, Pennsylvania
Croghan’s home at, [>]–[>]
Fort Shirley at, [>]
Ayllón, Lucas Vázquez de, [>]
Ayubale, La Concepción de, [>]–[>]
Aztec, [>]
Bahía de Santa María. See Chesapeake Bay region
Barbados, [>]
Barnwell, John (“Tuscarora Jack”), [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Bashabes, the, [>]
disease among villages of, [>]
interactions with European traders, [>]
as name, [>] (n)
Weymouth’s refusal to visit, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Basque fishermen, [>], [>], [>], [>] (n)
Bath, NC, [>]
bawne (bàdhùn, palisaded fort), [>]
Baxter State Park, ME, [>]
beavers, trade in, [>], [>], [>]
Beaver Wars, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Beissel, Johann Conrad, [>]–[>]
Beothuk, [>], [>], [>]
Beringia, Bering Land Bridge, [>]
Berkeley, William, [>]
Bermuda, [>] (n)
Biard, Pierre, [>], [>] (n)
Big Bone Lick, KY, [>] (n)
Big Island, OH, [>]
Black Boys uprising, [>]
“black drink,” [>]
Blackfoot, [>]
Block Island, RI, [>]–[>]
Bonnécamps, Joseph-Pierre de, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Boone, Daniel, [>], [>]
bounties, for scalps, [>] (n), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>] (n)
Bovey, Joseph, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Braddock, Edward
background, [>]
death, [>]–[>], [>] f
military campaigns/responsibilities, [>] f, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
relationship with Natives, [>]–[>]
relationship with provincials, [>]–[>]
Bradford, William, [>], [>], [>]
Bradley, Bruce, [>]–[>]
Brant, Joseph, [>] f
Brazil, [>], [>]
Brereton, Rev. John, [>]
Brewster, Jonathan, [>]
Brother Enoch. See Weiser, Conrad
Brown, Charlotte, [>]
Browne, Richard, [>]
Bruchac, Margaret, [>], [>]
Burton, William, [>]
Buswell, [>]–[>]
Cabato, Giovanni (John Cabot), [>], [>]
Cactus Hill, VA, [>]
Cadillac, Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, [>]–[>]
Cahokia, [>]–[>]
calendar changes, [>], [>] (n)
California, [>], [>]
Calusa, [>], [>]
Calvert, Cecilius (Baron Baltimore), [>]
Calvert, Leonard, [>], [>]
Camden Hills, ME, [>]
Campbell, John (Earl of Loudon), [>]
Canasatego, [>]
Canibas, [>] (n)
Canonchet, [>]–[>]
Canopache, Nantucket, MA, [>]
Cape Ann, Massachusetts, [>]
Cape Breton, [>]
Cape Cod, MA, [>], [>]
Cape Prince of Wales, [>]
Captain Bull, [>]
Captain Jacobs, [>], [>]
captive narratives
Gyles’, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Gyles’ vs. Rowlandson’s, [>]–[>]
Rowlandson’s, [>] (n)
captives. See also Indian slave trade/slaves; torture, ritual
European settlers as, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
experience of, [>]
Natives as, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
rape, sexual assault, [>] (n)
treatment and use of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>] (n)
Card, Francis, [>]
Carolinas
African slaves in militia of, [>] (n)
deerskin and slave trade, [>], [>]
early settlers, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
“Fundamental Constitution,” [>]
Indian slave trade, [>], [>] (n)
Native depopulation in, [>]
North-South division of, [>]
proprietors and trade interests, [>]
raids on Spanish Florida from, [>], [>]–[>]
relationship with Natives in, [>]
Carondowana, [>] (n)
Cartier, Jacques, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Cary’s Rebellion, [>]
Casco Bay, ME, [>]
Cassacinamon, Robin, [>], [>]–[>]
Catawba, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Catechna, NC, [>]–[>]
Catholics. See also Jesuits
among converted captives, [>]
fear of, among Protestants, [>], [>], [>]
in Spanish Florida, [>]
Caucasoid skulls, implications, [>]–[>]
Cayuga, [>], [>]
Céloron de Blainville, Pierre-Joseph, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
ceramic pottery, development of, [>]–[>]
Champlain, Samuel de, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>] f, [>], [>] (n)
Champlain Sea, [>], [>]
Channel Islands, California, [>]–[>]
Charles Forte garrison, Port Royal, SC, [>]–[>], [>] f
Charles II, king of England, [>]
Charles Town (Charleston), SC, [>], [>], [>]
Chattooka, NC, [>], [>]
Chatters, James C. (“Jim”), [>]
Chawanoke, [>]
Cher
okee
attacks by, [>], [>]–[>]
Iroquois treaty with, [>]
smallpox dance (itohvnv), [>]
territory controlled by, [>]
during the Yamasee war, [>], [>]
Chesapeake Bay region
Algonquian-speaking peoples, [>]–[>]
disease, epidemics, [>]
domination of English settlers, [>]
as northern limit of La Florida, [>]
Piscataway, [>]–[>]
tensions between Natives and settlers, [>]–[>]
Chestowee, TN, [>]
Cheyenne, [>]
Chickasaw, [>]
Chicora colony, [>]
Chinchihuapi Creek, Chile, [>]
Chiningué. See Logstown
Chipewyan, [>]
Choctaw, [>], [>]
Christian Indians (“Praying Indians”)
conversion process, [>], [>]
on juries, [>] (n)
during King Philip’s War, [>]–[>], [>]
literacy among, [>]
participation in slave trade, [>]
town of Hassanemesit, [>]
The First Frontier Page 56
