]
Gonneville, Binot Paulmier de, [>]
Gookin, Daniel, [>]–[>]
Goose Creek Men, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Gorges, Ferdinando, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Gosnold, Bartholomew, [>], [>]
Graffenried, Christoph von, [>], [>]–[>], [>] f
Great Catawba War Path, [>]
Great Cove, PA, [>]
Great Meadows, PA
English defeat at, impacts, [>]–[>]
Fort Necessity, [>], [>] f, [>]–[>]
Ohio Company settlement near, [>]–[>]
Great Miami River settlements, [>], [>]
Great Swamp, RI, fort near, [>], [>]–[>], [>] f
Great Valley of the Appalachians, [>], [>]
Green, Samuel, [>]
Greenland, [>]–[>], [>]
Gregorian calendar, [>] (n)
grenadiers, [>]
Griffin, Owen, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Gros Ventre, [>]
Grubbing Hoe Moon, [>]–[>]
Guale, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Guarani, [>], [>]
gunpowder, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Gwich’in (Alaska and the Yukon), [>]
Gyles, James, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Gyles, John
capture and treatment, [>]–[>], [>] f, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
on Pemmaquid farm, [>]
as Wapánaki interpreter, [>]–[>]
wounding of, [>] (n)
Gyles, Samuel, [>]
Gyles, Thomas, Jr., [>], [>]–[>]
Gyles, Thomas, Sr.
capture and treatment, [>]–[>]
murder of, [>]–[>]
narrative by, [>]
Pemaquid farm of, [>], [>]
Hakluyt, Richard, [>]
Hamilton, Isaac, [>]
Hamilton, James
Croghan’s report to on fort at Forks of the Ohio, [>]
on death of Montour, [>]
petition of Jacob Hochstetler to, [>]–[>]
and Six Nations move to the Mississippi, [>]–[>]
user of Montour by, [>]
warning to Connecticut governor, [>]–[>]
Hampton, VA, fort near, [>] (n)
Hancock (Tuscarora), [>], [>]–[>]
Hariot, Thomas, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
harquebus, [>]
Harris, John, Jr., [>] (n), [>]
Harris, John, Sr., [>]
Harris’ Ferry, PA, [>], [>]
Hartford, CT
founding of, [>], [>]
treaty between Pequot and English at, [>]
Hassanemesit, MA, [>], [>], [>]
Hathorne, William, [>], [>]
haudenosaunee, [>], [>] (n). See also Iroquois League (Five or Six Nations)
Haverhill, MA, [>], [>]–[>]
Hawkins, John, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, [>]–[>]
Haynes, Jonathan, [>]
Haynes family, [>] (n)
Heard, Elizabeth, [>], [>]
Heckewelder, John, [>]
Heigon, Mugg (Mogg), [>], [>]
Helluland (Baffin Island), [>]
Hendrick, [>], [>]–[>]
Henry VII, [>]–[>]
Henry VIII, [>], [>], [>]
Henry VIII (Shakespeare), [>]
Herjolfsson, Bjarni, [>]–[>]
Hinachuba, Don Patricio, [>]
Hispaniola, [>]
Hochstetler, Christian, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Hochstetler, Jacob, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Hochstetler, Jacob, Jr., [>]
Hochstetler, Joseph, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Hogg, Pete, [>]
holahtas (Apalachee hereditary leaders), [>], [>] (n)
Hooker, Thomas, [>]
Hope Hood, [>], [>]
House of Good Hope, [>]
Huaynaputina volcano, Peru, [>] (n)
Hudson, Henry, [>]
Hudson Strait, [>]–[>]
Hudson Valley settlements, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Huguenot settlements, [>]–[>], [>] f, [>]
Hull, John, [>]
Hunt, Thomas, [>] (n)
Hunter, Robert, [>]–[>]
hunting
caribou, [>]–[>], [>] (n), [>], [>]–[>], [>] (n)
moose, [>]
and nomadic lifestyle, [>]–[>]
Huron-Petun (Wendat-Tionontate) confederacy, [>] (n), [>]–[>], [>] f, [>]
Huspaw King, the, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Hyde, Edward, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Iceland, [>], [>]
ice margin, Ice Age, [>]–[>]
Ihalmiut (Nunavut), [>]
Illinois (tribe), [>]
“Indians Delivering Up English Captives” (West), [>] f
“Indians Giving a Talk to Colonel Bouquet” (West), [>] f
Indian slave trade/slaves. See also African slave trade/slaves
African slave trade vs., [>], [>]
among pre-contact Natives, [>]
brutality and greediness of, [>]–[>]
in the Carolinas, [>], [>], [>] (n)
European vs. Native, [>]
Hawkins’ interest in, [>]
Indian-owned slaves, treatment, [>]–[>]
Indian slaving raids, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
outlawing of, by Spain, [>]
the repartimiento system as, [>]–[>], [>]
social impacts, [>]–[>]
use of captives for, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
value of, [>], [>] (n)
Ingram, David, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Innes, James, [>]
Innu (Montagnais), [>], [>]
intermarriage, [>], [>], [>]
International Date Line, [>]
interpreters and translators. See also Croghan, George; Montour, Andrew; Weiser, Conrad
accuracy of interpretations, [>] (n)
black, [>] (n)
disappearance of, [>]–[>]
importance of, [>], [>]–[>]
use of captive Europeans as, [>]
use of captive Natives as, [>], [>], [>]
Washington’s, [>], [>], [>] (n)
Inuit, [>], [>]
inuksuit (stone cairns), [>]
Inupiat, [>] (n)
Iroquois, Iroquoian-speaking cultures. See also Iroquois League
captives from, [>]–[>]
Champlain’s naming of, [>] (n)
conflicts with French, [>]
cosmology, [>] (n)
French-allied, ongoing raids by, [>]
King William’s War/Nine Years’ War, [>]
polygamy among, [>]
in Pontiac’s War, [>]
requickening ceremony, [>]
during second attack on Fort Duquesne, [>]
skarò·rə̜ʔ, (hemp gatherers), [>]
St. Lawrence, Cartier’s captives, [>]
trail systems, [>]–[>]
tribes included in, [>], [>], [>]
Iroquois League (Five or Six Nations), [>]
Covenant Chain alliances, [>]
creation and evolution, [>]–[>]
cultural affinities, [>] (n)
at Easton grand council, [>]–[>]
fracturing of, [>]–[>]
homeland, [>]–[>], [>] f
land sales, [>], [>]
at Logstown negotiations, [>]–[>]
as model for Articles of Confederation, [>] (n)
mourning-warfare, [>]
move to the Mississippi, [>]–[>]
name, origins, [>] (n)
oversight function, [>]–[>]
political maneuvering by, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
pressure on the Europeans, [>]
relationship with Andrew Montour (Sattelihu), [>]
relationship with the English, [>]
relationship with the Ohio Indians, [>]
relationship with Pennsylvania government, [>], [>], [>]
relationship with Teedyuscung, [>]
renunciation of lands within the colony of Virginia, [>]�
�[>]
role of the Onondaga, [>]–[>] (n)
Walking Purchase and, [>]–[>]
Iroquois Path, [>]
Ivitachuco, San Lorenzo de, [>], [>]
Jacksonville, FL, [>]
James Fort, VA, [>]
James I, [>]
James II, [>]
James River, VA, settlements, [>], [>], [>]
Jamestown colony, VA
as Anglican settlement, [>]
attacks on, [>], [>]–[>]
location of settlement, [>]–[>]
relationship with Pamunkey, [>]–[>]
relationship with Wahunsenacwah (Powhatan), [>]–[>]
rescue of, [>]
Jemseg (Hagimsack) trading post, [>]
Jennings, Francis, [>], [>] (n)
Jennings, Solomon, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Jerseys (Unalachtigo), [>] (n)
Jesuits (“Black Robes”)
English, [>]
fear of, among Protestants, [>]–[>], [>], [>] (n)
involvement in raids on English, [>]
in New France, [>]–[>]
settlements founded by, [>], [>], [>]
uprising against, [>]
Jesus of Lübeck (ship), [>]–[>]
Jethro, Peter, [>], [>], [>]
Jewell of Artes, The (Waymouth), [>]
Jewish settlers, [>], [>]
Johnson, Gideon, [>]
Johnson, William, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
John with One Eye, [>]
“Join or Die” cartoon, [>]
Joncaire, Philippe-Thomas de, [>]
Judith (ship), [>]
Julian calendar, [>] (n)
Jumonville, Sieur de (Joseph Coulon de Villiers), [>]–[>], [>], [>] (n)
Juniata River, PA, settlements, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Kahnawake, Quebec, [>]
Kakowatchiky. See Logstown
Kancamagus, [>], [>], [>]
Kaninguen, Denis, [>] (n)
Kattananit, Job, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
keekachtanemin (Endless Mountains), [>]
Keith, William, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Kəlóskαpe, [>]
“kelp highway,” [>]
Kennebec, ME, [>], [>]
Kennewick Man, [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Kentucky, white traders in, [>]
Key, James, [>]
Kickapoo, [>]
King, Jacob, [>]
King, Thomas, [>]
King George’s War (War of the Austrian Succession), [>], [>]
King Philip’s War
accounts of, [>] (n)
aftermath, [>]–[>], [>]
casualties and courtesies, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
end of and aftermath, [>]–[>]
extent of, [>]–[>]
Great Swamp Fight, [>]–[>], [>] f
importance, [>], [>], [>]
Native encampments, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
neutrality during, [>]
precipitating factors, [>]–[>]
preparations, [>]–[>]
views of, [>]
King William’s War/Nine Years’ War, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Kittanning, [>]
Kittatinny Ridge, PA, [>]–[>]
Kittochtinny Hills, PA, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Koas Abenaki Nation, [>]
Ktə̀hαnəto
abduction of, [>]
aid given to John Smith, [>], [>]
clothing, [>]
decision to go aboard the Archangell, [>]–[>]
leadership position, [>]
rendering of name of, [>] (n)
return to homeland, [>]
treatment of as captive, [>]–[>]
Laforce, René-Hippolyte, [>]–[>], [>]
Lake Champlain, [>]
Lake Erie, [>], [>]
Lake Huron, [>]
Lancaster (Nashaway), MA
attacks on during King Philip’s War, [>]–[>]
defense against Nipmuc attack at, [>]
Nipmuc attack on, [>]–[>], [>] f
Lancaster County, PA
resettlement of Amish in, [>]
treaty council at, [>]–[>]
land sales, land frauds
during the Albany Congress, [>]–[>]
by English, [>]
European vs. Native view of, [>]
by groups within the Iroquois league, [>]
Iroquois land deals with Virginia, [>]–[>]
misunderstandings about, [>]–[>]
transfer of, to Europeans, [>]
Walking Purchase, [>]–[>]
Last of the Mohicans, The (Cooper), [>] (n)
Laumet de La Mothe Cadillac, Antoine, [>]–[>]
Laurent, Joseph and Stephen, [>] (n)
Laurentide ice sheet, [>]–[>]
Lawson, John
capture and trial, [>]–[>], [>] f
early history, [>]–[>]
on intermarriage, [>]
during Tuscarora War, [>]
relationship with Palatines, [>]–[>]
League of the Five Nations. See Iroquois League
Leeuwenhoek, Antony van, [>]
Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, Jacques, [>]–[>]
Leif Eiriksson, [>]
Leininger, the widow, [>]–[>]
Le Jau, Francis, [>]
Le Jeune, Paul, [>]
Le Moyne de Morgues, Jacques, [>], [>] f
Lenape (Delaware)
alliance with French, [>]–[>]
attacks on European settlers, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
autonomy from Iroquois, [>]
European settlers’ attacks on, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
impact of smallpox on, [>], [>], [>]
language, [>]
leaders, [>]
negotiations involving, [>]
origin of name, [>] (n)
removals, land usurpation, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Shingas’ leadership of, [>]
Teedyuscung’s concerns about, [>]–[>]
treaties/negotiations involving, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
villages, [>]
Walking Purchase, [>]–[>]
war with Shawnee, [>]
Lennardson (Leonardson), Samuel, [>], [>]–[>]
Leopold I, [>]
Lepore, Jill, [>]
Lescarbot, Marc, [>]
Leverett, John, [>]
Levett, Christopher, [>]
Lignery, François-Marie Le Marchand de, [>]
Lindeström, Peter, [>]
Lions, Tom, [>]–[>]
Little Meadows, PA, [>]
Little Tennessee River valley, [>]
Logan, James
Indian policies, [>]–[>]
land speculation by, [>], [>]
relation with Weiser, [>], [>]
replacement of, [>]–[>]
as trader, [>]
Logstown (Chiningué), PA
Céleron at, [>]–[>]
Croghan post at, [>]
residents, [>]–[>], [>]
resistance to French at, [>]
Shingas at, [>]
treaty councils, [>]–[>], [>]
Washington at, [>]
Long, Alexander, [>]
Long Peace, [>], [>]–[>]
“Lost Colony” in North Carolina, [>]
Louisbourg, Acadia, [>], [>] (n)
Louis XIV, [>]
Low Country, Carolinas, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Lowenthal, Richard, [>]
Lübeck, Germany, Native visit to, [>] (n)–97 (n)
Lydius, John Henry, [>]
Lyons, Nancy, [>]
Machapungo, [>]
Machias Island, ME, [>]
Madockawando, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>] (n)
Maggalloway Valley, ME, [>] (n)
Magnalia Christi Americana (Mather), [>]
Mahican, [>], [>]
Maine, Maine coast. See also Ktə̀hαnəto; Wapánahki
abundance of food, [>]–[>]
English settlements, [>]
&nbs
p; King Philip’s War, [>]–[>]
land deeds with Natives, [>]–[>]
1605, map showing, [>]
unpopulated land, [>]
Waymouth expedition to, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Maliseet-Passamaquoddy
attack on Cochecho trading post, [>]
attack on Pemaquid, [>]
fear of Mohawk, [>]
homeland, [>]
language, [>] (n)
Meductic village, [>
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