Blood on the Snow
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31st, 102, 124, 125, 130, 131, 132, 139, 140, 141, 145, 166, 168, 174, 177, 192, 193, 196
32nd, 102, 124, 127, 130–31, 132, 133, 141, 152, 158, 187, 196
34th, 53, 60, 72, 75, 76, 78, 87, 93, 122, 124, 127, 129, 133, 140, 152, 158, 175, 187, 196
35th, 139, 194
36th, 67
39th, 168
43rd, 53, 66, 67, 70, 76, 80, 82, 84, 122, 127, 128, 132, 187, 196
44th, 41, 61, 67, 75, 196
45th, 90, 129, 131, 133, 145, 157, 176, 192, 195
48th Reserve, 46
54th, 51
55th, 46
See also Honvéd infantry divisions
Habsburg infantry regiments
Infantry Regiment 7, 138
Infantry Regiment 12, 181
Infantry Regiment 19, 93
Infantry Regiment 21, 66
Infantry Regiment 25, 193, 196
Infantry Regiment 26, 144
Infantry Regiment 28, 197
Infantry Regiment 29, 53
Infantry Regiment 33, 96, 153
Infantry Regiment 36, 165–66
Infantry Regiment 38, 193
Infantry Regiment 39, 146
Infantry Regiment 41, 141
Infantry Regiment 42, 198
Infantry Regiment 44, 193
Infantry Regiment 46, 146
Infantry Regiment 66, 97
Infantry Regiment 68, 89, 93
Infantry Regiment 73, 174
Infantry Regiment 76, 174, 196
Infantry Regiment 79, 93
Infantry Regiment 81, 88, 90, 94, 96, 100, 205
Infantry Regiment 88, 88, 90, 94, 96, 205
Infantry Regiment 89, 145
Infantry Regiment 90, 76
Infantry Regiment 91, 174, 177
Infantry Regiment 100, 155
Infantry Regiment 101, 100
Habsburg Supreme Command, 52, 79, 121, 160, 169, 203, 212
criticism of, 11, 69, 98, 188
decisions of, 13, 30, 34, 41, 49, 50, 52, 115, 129
dissatisfaction of, 29, 68, 159, 165
Fortress Przemyśl and, 9, 22, 31
Germans and, 45, 203
missteps of, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 29, 32, 50, 105, 155, 163, 188, 209, 211
unit reports to, 116, 117, 118
Hindenburg, Paul von, 16, 42, 141
Hoffmann, Max, 202
Hofmann, Peter Freiherr von, 41, 43. See also Habsburg Corps Hofmann
Homonna, 153, 171–72, 178, 180, 185–86, 192
Honvéd 11th Cavalry Division, 90
Honvéd infantry brigades, 128, 167, 192
Honvéd infantry divisions
20th, 53, 71, 72, 75, 77, 81, 83, 95, 133, 176, 184
23rd, 167
33rd, 49, 52, 55, 65, 67, 92, 169, 173
37th, 67, 76, 92, 94, 99, 126, 152, 169, 173, 174, 176, 177, 185, 187, 188, 192
38th, 47, 60, 124, 125, 130, 192, 205
40th, 55, 87, 192
41st, 119, 121, 123, 126, 127, 133, 134, 140, 142, 144, 150, 154, 158, 170, 174, 187, 193, 196, 200, 204, 205
42nd, 67, 98, 138, 144, 188
51st, 201, 202
Honvéd regiments, 142–43, 146, 167
Hungary
Magyarization policy of, 47, 54
threat of Russian invasion into 7–8, 9, 12, 18, 21, 25, 36, 37, 51, 52, 57, 62, 65, 80, 91, 121, 146–47, 170–71, 178, 180, 183, 185–86, 189, 191, 194, 197, 201, 211
troops from, 47, 51, 142
See also Habsburg Group Szurmay; Honvéd units
Hussar Cavalry Brigade, 1st, 55
Italy
declaration of war by, 211
neutrality of, 14, 24, 28, 31, 33, 34, 35, 94, 102, 148, 199–200
territorial demands of, 33, 34, 43–44, 46, 94, 102, 148, 154, 165, 191, 202, 204
threat of intervention in war by, 121, 129, 138, 147, 152, 171, 199–200, 203, 205, 207
Ivangorod, 23, 128
Ivanov, Nikolai Yudovich, 113 (photo), 177
criticism of, 36
plans to invade Hungary, 18, 36, 37, 51, 62, 65, 146–47, 170, 171, 178
strategy and decisions of, 8, 12, 24, 25, 35–37, 42, 50–51, 54, 76, 79–80, 121, 146, 170, 171, 178, 207
Jasiel, 40–41
Jasliska Pass, 53
Joseph August von Alcsut, Archduke, 47, 57, 83, 104, 137, 145–46, 155–56. See also Habsburg Group Joseph
k.u.k. (Imperial and Royal) army, 3, 6, 10, 11, 32, 67, 114, 128, 202, 209, 212
Karl, Archduke, 43
Kiczera, 173, 193, 201
Kirlibaba, 51
Kobila heights, 198, 200
Kolomea, 119
Kozialta, 199, 201, 206
Kralicek, Rudolph, 44
Kralowetz von Hohenrecht, Gottlieb, 2
Krautwald von Annaue, Josef Freiherr, 53, 72, 100. See also Habsburg Group Krautwald
Krobatin, Alexander von, 197
Kundmann, Rudolf, 2, 107, 158
Kusmanek von Burgstädten, Hermann, 22, 41, 57, 103, 160, 166–67
Laborcz Valley, 20, 40, 42, 47, 55, 57, 74, 80, 86, 104, 127, 129, 130, 133, 141, 170–71, 181, 182, 184, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 194, 200, 204
Landsturm units, 10, 13, 14, 46, 51, 57, 67, 73, 82, 92, 93, 96, 99, 100, 101, 117, 122, 128, 140, 167, 205
1st Brigade, 175, 196, 200, 201
13th Infantry Divisions, 158, 187
Landwehr units, 28, 33, 98, 99, 158, 187
LeBeau, General Aureal, 74–75
Lemberg, battles of, 16, 128
Letschitzki, General, 135
Limanova-Lapanov, battle of, 24, 128, 210
Linsingen, Alexander von, 34, 191, 193
Lisko, 7, 34, 40, 46, 49, 52, 53, 62, 72, 84, 124–25, 146, 147
Lopienka, 136
Loziov, 163, 168, 169, 173–74
Ludendorff, Erich von, 16, 30, 34, 57, 83–84, 94, 198–99
Lupkov, 97, 105, 118, 119, 123–24, 126, 129, 138, 140, 150, 159, 203
Lupkov Pass, 7, 8, 23, 65, 79, 82, 170
Lutoviska, 19, 46, 49, 52, 62, 70, 78
Mackensen, August von, 207
Magurczyne, 133, 134, 150, 159
Magyarization policy, 47, 54
Manilova, 142, 143, 145, 150, 153, 159, 185
March Battalions, 88, 90, 132, 179, 184, 187, 201
Group Biffl, 179, 180
March Brigades, 13, 42, 90, 96, 100, 116, 127, 132
Marschall, General, 204
Marwitz, General Georg von der, 194, 201, 203
Masurian Lakes, Second Battle of the, 18, 30, 36, 61, 120, 121
Meszoly battalion, 51, 52
Metzger, Colonel, 124
Mezölaborcz, 8, 42, 47, 56, 67, 80, 81–82, 90–91, 105, 117, 153, 172
battles at, 40, 49, 51, 53, 54, 76–77, 83, 86, 88–89, 93–100, 105, 118–19, 123, 126, 129, 176, 178, 179
Mikov Valley, 186
Moltke, Helmuth Graf von, 83, 198
Na Garoch-Batyce, 95, 160
Nagyberzseny, 137
Nicholas, Grand Duke, 121
Oberost, 33
Olyka Valley, 204
Ondava Valley, 57, 80, 86, 130, 182, 186, 204, 205
Oslava Valley, 126
Patakujfalu, 55, 198
Pflanzer-Baltin, Karl Freiherr von, 38, 69. See also Habsburg Group Pflanzer-Baltin
Polonina, 168, 186, 193, 200
Przemyśl, Fortress
deteriorating conditions at, 31, 41, 56–57, 62, 84, 95, 103, 118–19, 129, 138, 148, 156, 165, 166–67, 175
Habsburg attempt to liberate, 30, 40, 47, 54, 71, 91, 93, 99, 103–4, 105, 118–19, 124–27, 129, 133, 143–44, 146, 147–48, 150, 153–54, 157, 159, 161, 163–66, 167, 172–73, 176–77, 195, 212
Habsburg failure to rescue, 160–61, 163, 164, 173
Habsburg October 1914 liberation of, 18–20, 210
number of troops in, 144
pre-war condition of, 9, 21–22, 210
Russian 1914 sieg
es of, 6, 8–9, 18, 22, 23–24, 25
Russian 1915 offensive against, 36, 37, 40, 41, 48, 50, 70, 76, 95, 160, 190, 198
surrender of, 133, 154, 163, 179–80, 211–12
See also under Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz
Puhallo von Brlog, Paul, 38, 70, 71–72. See also Habsburg Group Puhallo
Rabe, 153
Reininghaus, Gina von, 14
Rhemen zu Bärnsfeld, Adolf Freiherr, 59
Romania
neutrality of, 14, 28, 31, 35, 102, 152, 160, 200, 207, 211
as potential Habsburg ally, 154, 175
territorial demands of, 202
threat of intervention in war by, 24, 33, 35, 52, 54, 56, 59, 79–80, 121, 147, 152, 171, 178, 199–200, 202, 204, 205, 211
Transylvania and, 44, 54, 56, 59
Romanian troops, 34, 47, 51, 140, 205
Russian armies
Third, 23, 38, 42, 80, 152, 179, 207
Eighth, 23, 24, 42, 52, 72, 75, 80, 179, 180
Ninth, 59, 125, 135, 139, 180, 204
Tenth, 23, 36, 120–21
Eleventh, 22, 178
Russian army
casualties, 12, 170
Dniester Group, 59
Easter offensive, 171, 172, 180, 189, 190, 198, 200
Fall 1914 campaigns, 15–16, 18–20, 22–26
1914 sieges of Fortress Przemyśl, 6, 8–9, 18, 22, 23–24, 25
1915 offensive against Fortress Przemyśl, 36, 37, 40, 41, 48, 50, 70, 76, 95, 160, 190, 198
offensive plan against Germany, 35–36
photos of, 110, 111
threat to Hungary, 7–8, 9, 12, 18, 21, 25, 36, 37, 51, 52, 57, 62, 65, 80, 91, 121, 146–47, 170–71, 178, 180, 183, 185–86, 189, 191, 194, 197, 201, 211
threat to Prussia, 120–21
Vistula River campaign, 18, 23, 29–30, 35–36, 51
See also Ivanov, Nikolai Yudovich
Russian Corps, 36, 80, 136, 139
Russian Group Uzsok, 75
Russian High Command. See Stavka
Russian infantry divisions, 23–24, 139, 195, 204
Russian regiments, 143, 150, 156, 203
Ruthenian troops, 13, 34, 140
Sambor, 19, 50, 52, 55, 68, 73
Sanok, 7, 34, 40, 46, 49, 52, 53, 55, 62, 72, 95, 146, 147
San River region, 7, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 23, 53, 62, 71, 76, 78–79, 83, 97, 103, 105, 126, 133, 145, 150, 152, 173–74, 177, 180, 186, 187, 192, 207
Schneller, Karl, 2, 193, 202
Schutzen Regiment 20, 99
Sekova, 185
Serbia, 13, 209
defeat of Habsburg army by, 9, 24, 35, 43, 106, 128
offensives against, 207–8, 209
plans to attack, 15, 24, 33, 147, 175, 189–90, 200
Siedlice, 35–36
Siedliska group, 175
Silesia, province of, 18, 23, 94
Slavic troops, 13
Slovak troops, 47
Slovenian troops, 47
Solinka Valley, 57, 168
South Army
Corps Gerok, 81
creation of, 2, 32, 42, 45, 212
divisions and brigades in, 46
in early January 1915, 29–30, 38, 45, 48, 49, 52, 54–55, 56, 57, 61–62, 65
in first offensive, 11, 67–69, 70, 73, 77, 80, 81, 83, 84, 89, 91–92, 96–97, 99, 102–5
Germans in, 46, 57, 70, 89, 94, 102
number of troops in, 36, 46, 105
in second offensive, 116, 119, 125–26, 131, 144, 148, 151, 158
3rd Garde Infantry Division, 46, 94
in third offensive, 164, 165, 166, 168–69, 175, 181, 182, 190, 191–94, 195, 200, 201, 204, 205
Stanislau, 104, 119
Stary Sambor, 19, 52, 55
Stavka (Russian High Command), 12, 18, 35, 36, 50, 51, 65, 76, 121, 135, 146, 148–49
Straf campaign, 14
Stryj Valley, 7, 61, 92
Sztropko, 199, 201
Szurmay, Sandor, 43, 44, 47, 73, 77, 89, 93, 195, 201. See also Habsburg Group Szurmay
Takcsany, 60, 119, 130–31
Tersztyánsky, Karl von
second offensive and, 118, 127, 128, 129, 131, 138, 140, 145, 149, 150, 153, 156, 157–161
third offensive and, 163–64, 172, 187, 195, 196
See also Habsburg Group Tersztyánsky
Tisza, Istvan, 56, 91
Transylvania, 4, 44, 54, 56, 57, 59
Transylvanian troops, 51
Trollmann Freiherr von Loucenberg, Ignaz, 43
Tschurtschentthaler, Heinrich, 41
Turka, 19, 46, 52, 55, 61, 65, 68, 73
Turkey, 33, 35, 102, 175, 189
Ukranian (Ruthenian) troops, 13, 34, 140
Ung Valley, 38, 53, 55, 74, 83, 176, 190, 192, 194, 195, 198, 199, 201, 206
Ustrzyki Dolne, 7, 34, 40, 52, 70, 71, 79, 84, 124–25
Ustrzyki Górne, 48, 49, 55, 57, 59
Uzsok Pass
Habsburg army and, 7, 18–19, 23, 28, 40, 41, 43, 44, 46–47, 49, 52, 54–55, 56, 57, 61, 62, 65, 66, 68, 71, 73, 77, 78, 80, 89, 98, 100, 103, 105, 176, 190, 191, 192, 194, 201
Russian army and, 7, 8, 24, 34, 36, 37–38, 48, 61, 77, 78
Veith, Georg, 2, 66
Verecke Pass, 29, 42, 66, 68
Virava Valley, 192
Vistula River campaign, 16, 18, 23, 29–30, 35–36, 51
Waitzendorfer, Division, 167
Waldkarpathen region, 29, 50, 108
War Case “Balkan,” 15, 209
War Case “Russia,” 15
Warsaw, 22, 23
Wetlinska, 168, 179, 193, 194, 200
Wilhelm, Emperor, 30, 33, 34, 42
Wola Michova, 122, 126, 127, 129, 156, 157, 158, 165, 181, 186
Wyszkov, 151, 159
Wyszkov Pass, 7, 56, 66, 205
Zanantoni, General, 95
Zebrak, 125
Zmigrod, 53
Zolobina heights, 174
Zvinin heights, 102, 204