by Ray Monk
588. ‘a rather rigid commitment’: ibid.
588. ‘The prevailing view’: ibid., 68
589. ‘We need strength’: ibid., 69
589. ‘We do not operate well’: ibid., 70
589. ‘It must be disturbing’: ibid.
589. ‘I am not convinced’: see ‘The Soviet Bombs: Mr Truman’s Doubts’, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March 1953, 43–5
589. ‘It must be shocking’: Oppenheimer (1955), 70–1
589. ‘problematical’: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March 1953, 43
589. ‘does not prove’: ibid.
590. ‘high officer of the Air Defense Command’: Oppenheimer (1955), 71
590. ‘We need to be clear’: ibid., 77
590. ‘The Hidden Struggle for the H-bomb’: Fortune, May 1953, 109, 110, 230
590. ‘A life and death struggle’: ibid., 109
590. ‘no confidence’: ibid.
591. ‘another nasty and obviously inspired article’: quoted Stern (1971), 201
591. ‘ZORC takes up the fight’: Fortune, May 1953, 110
591. ‘calling in Oppenheimer’: L.B. Nichols to Tolson, 11.5.1953, JRO FBI file
592. Cohn and McCarthy visited J. Edgar Hoover: JEH, memo dated 19.5.1953, JRO FBI file
592. ‘a great deal of preliminary spade work’: ibid.
592. ‘The McCarthy committee’: McMillan (2005), 170
592. ‘still concerned’: D.M. Ladd to JEH, 25.5.1953, JRO FBI file
592. ‘could not do the job’: D.M. Ladd to A.H. Belmont, 5.6.1953, JRO FBI file
592. ‘did not completely trust’: B & S, 467
593. ‘was perhaps’: Hewlett and Holl (1989), 53
593. ‘It was this contract’: ibid.
593. ‘reluctantly agreed’: D.M. Ladd to A.H. Belmont, 5.6.1953, JRO FBI file
594. ‘Dissenter’s Return’: Time, 6 July 1953
594. ‘Joe 4’: see Rhodes (1996), 524–5
594. ‘the opposition to present US policy’: Life, 7 September 1953, 32
595. Eisenhower’s statement: Life, 19 October 1953, 38
595. ‘US Atom Boss Lewis Strauss’: Time, 21 September 1953
596. NSC 162/2: the entire document is available online at: http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/nsc-hst/nsc-162–2.pdf
596. ‘primary threat’: NSC 162/2, 1
596. ‘The capability of the USSR’: ibid., 2
596. ‘a strong military posture’: ibid., 5
18. Falsus in uno
597. given Oppenheimer’s AEC security file: see B & S, 473
597. ‘The purpose of this letter’: Pais (2006), 199
598. ‘In April 1942’: ibid.
598. ‘FBI report on vast spy ring’: quoted in memo from W.A. Branigan to A.H. Belmont, 18.11.1953, JRO FBI file
598. ‘In addition’: ibid.
598. ‘whining, whimpering appeasement’: Reeves (1997), 530
599. ‘He moves about’: Sunday Express, 15 November 1953
599. ‘He is said’: The Observer, 22 November 1953
599. ‘Something different’: The Economist, 1 January 1955
599. ‘what there is new’: Oppenheimer (1954), dust-jacket blurb
599. ‘at finding’: The Economist, 1 January 1955
600. ‘For us as for all men’: ibid., 98
600. ‘rhetorically evocative’: Pais (2006), 286
600. ‘the story of sub-nuclear matter’: Oppenheimer (1954), 32–3
601. ‘It seems rather unlikely’: ibid., 81
601. ‘It was a happy reunion’: Chevalier (1965), 86
601. ‘to an extraordinary dialogue’: ibid., 88
601. ‘It is very sad’: ibid.
601. ‘it might be a good idea’: B & S, 481
602. ‘raise questions’: ITMO, 6
602. ‘Accordingly’: ibid.
602. went to see Joe Volpe: B & S, 483
603. ‘would mean that I accept’: ITMO, 22
603. ‘hereby directed’: Stern (1971), 236
603. ‘in view of the fact’: Hewlett and Holl (1989), 81
603. ‘the Bureau’s technical coverage’: Goodchild (1980), 227
603. ‘The fact’: Pais (2006), 204
604. ‘whitewash Oppenheimer’: Goodchild (1980), 229
604. ‘all over town’: B & S, 490
604. chaired its opening session: Bernstein (2004), 94
604. ‘leading role’: ibid.
604. ‘to record’: ibid.
604. ‘My thesis adviser’: ibid., 94–5
604. ‘how unusually quiet’: Pais (2006), 122
604. ‘I’m sorry to hear’: Life, 13 December 1963, 94
604. ‘I suppose, I hope’: Goodchild (1980), 229
605. ‘I would testify’: Teller (2001), 374
605. ‘that I finally concluded’: Stern (1971), 516
605. ‘Oppenheimer was a Communist’: Goodchild (1980), 230
605. ‘My theory’: ibid., 231
605. ‘We thought’: ibid.
606. ‘dredging up’: ibid., 229
606. ‘requires the suspension’: ITMO, 3
607. ‘the ideological struggle’: Green (1977), 14
607. ‘My wife’: Plutarch, Life of Caesar, 10.6
607. ‘if there was any’: Green (1977), 14–15
607. ‘it was unfair’: ibid., 15
607. ‘and others’: ibid.
607. ‘widely interpreted’: ibid.
607. ‘exceeds the minimum standards’: quoted ibid.
607. ‘My knowledge’: ibid., 60
608. ‘cannot be fairly understood’: ITMO, 7
609. ‘flashes of fire’: Life, 29 March 1954, 17
609. ‘like the sound’: ibid., 19
609. ‘First Casualties of the H-Bomb’: ibid., 17
609. ‘Is the strategy of retaliation’: Life, 12 April 1954, 38
609. ‘out of the question’: B & S, 496
609. ‘In preparing this letter’: ITMO, 20
610. ‘The records printed’: Pharr Davis (1969), 19
610. more of a farce: Pais (2006), 268
610. ‘this proceeding’: ITMO, 20
611. ‘Doctor’: ibid., 129
611. ‘One day’: ibid., 130
611. ‘I invented a cock-and-bull story’: ibid., 137
611. ‘Robb. Did you tell Pash the truth’: ibid.
612. ‘Isn’t it a fair statement’: ibid., 149
612. ‘Robb. You spent the night with her, didn’t you?’: ibid., 154
613. ‘I’ve just seen’: Goodchild (1980), 242
613. ‘General’: ITMO, 171
613. ‘I would not clear Dr Oppenheimer’: ibid.
613. ‘Robb. He [de Silva] was certainly more of a professional’: ibid., 272
614. ‘I don’t believe’: ibid., 280
614. ‘Robb. Colonel Lansdale’: ibid.
615. ‘Dr Conant, if you had been approached’: ibid., 393
615. ‘When you did report it’: ibid., 394
615. ‘I never hid my opinion’: ibid., 468
615. ‘McCarthy has few partisans’: Pais (2006), 219
616. ‘Silently and impassively’: Life, 26 April 1954, 35
616. ‘Whatever the truth of the charges’: ibid., 38
616. ‘astounding’: ITMO, 660
616. ‘not helpful to national defense’: ibid., 684
616. ‘corroborative testimony’: ibid., 802
616. ‘I have always assumed’: ibid., 710
616. ‘In a great number of cases’: ibid.
617. ‘Do you feel’: ibid., 726
617. ‘Robb. As far as you know’: ibid., 737
618. ‘Gray. Mr McCloy’: ibid., 739
619. ‘Yes, I would’: ibid., 823
619. ‘I would say to you’: ibid., 839
619. ‘In the Commission’s own view’: ibid., 973
619. ‘But this man’: ibid., 990
619. ‘he will never be throug
h’: B & S, 538
620. ‘very depressed’: ibid.
620. ‘We have’: Polenberg (2002), 362
620. ‘We have, however’: ibid.
620. ‘that Dr Oppenheimer’s continuing conduct’: ibid.
620. ‘a susceptibility’: ibid.
620. ‘We find’: ibid.
620. ‘less than candid’: ibid.
620. ‘To deny him clearance now’: ibid., 364
621. ‘did not hinder’: ibid., 365
621. ‘His witnesses’: ibid.
621. ‘I would like to add’: ibid.
621. ‘closely associated’: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, May 1954, 191
621. ‘stands in such contrast’: Polenberg (2002), 366
621. ‘considered in the context’: ibid., 370
622. ‘The record contains no direct evidence’: ibid., 372
622. ‘is not based’: ibid., 375
622. ‘the evidence establishes’: ibid., 376
622. ‘if his present story is true’: ibid., 373
622. ‘. . . it is difficult to conclude’: ibid.
623. ‘completely loyal’: ibid., 389
623. ‘inexcusable’: ibid., 391
19. An Open Book?
625. ‘repulsive’: Chevalier (1965), 89
625. ‘Oppie confesse: “J’étais un idiot.”’: ibid., 97–8
625. ‘The one who had invented’: ibid., 100–1
625. ‘In the list of witnesses’: Time, 28 June 1954
626. ‘The majority’: ibid.
626. ‘Dear Robert’: Chevalier (1965), 102
626. ‘Dear Haakon’: JRO to HC, 12.7.1954, JRO papers, LOC
626. ‘This was not’: Chevalier (1965), 105–6
627. ‘hoping – without believing’: ibid., 106
627. ‘For the subjective observer’: ibid., 107
628. ‘on a desperately needed rest’: ibid., 108
628. ‘I appreciate the fact’: Lloyd Garrison to HC, 3.8.1954, JRO papers, LOC
628. ‘that this might suffice’: Lloyd Garrison to JRO, 3.8.1954, JRO papers, LOC
628. ‘There is much’: HC to Lloyd Garrison, 5.8.1954, JRO papers, LOC
628. ‘It is not nearly as clear’: JRO to HC, 3.9.1954, JRO papers, LOC
628. ‘This letter’: Chevalier (1965), 108
628. ‘I must’: ibid., 109
629. ‘Un document exclusif’: France-observateur, 2 December 1954, 16–18
629. ‘in a truncated’: Chevalier (1965), 109
629. ‘I have no doubts’: ibid., 110
629. ‘Do what we may’: ibid., 111
629. ‘I hope to finish it in the spring’: ibid.
629. a long profile of Edward Teller: ‘Dr Edward Teller’s Magnificent Obsession,’ Life, 6 September 1954, 60–74
629. ‘In that event’: ibid., 61
630. ‘This book’: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, November 1954, 357
630. ‘These two boys’: ibid., 362
630. ‘a sophomoric science-fiction tale’: Atomic Scientists Journal, 4, 1954, 253
630. an article by Joseph and Stewart Alsop: ‘We Accuse!’ Harper’s Magazine, October 1954, 25–45
630. ‘We accuse’: ibid.
631. ‘Dr Henry D. Smyth’s fair and considered statement’: Pais (2006), 256
631. ‘cloistered life’: ibid., 272
631. ‘a direct result’: Goodchild (1980), 266
631. ‘So far as I was concerned’: Dyson (1979), 76
631. ‘Physics is complicated’: Thorpe (2006), 254
632. ‘An Ordering Principle’: see Proceedings of the Second Rochester Conference, University of Rochester Report NYO-3046, 87
632. turned into an article: see Pais, A., ‘Some Remarks on the V-Particles’, Physical Review, 86 (5) (1952), 663–671
632. ‘J.R. Oppenheimer’: ibid., 664
632. ‘strangeness’: see Pais (1997), 336–8
632. ‘I disappointed him’: Dyson (1979), 76
632. ‘When I came to Oppenheimer’: ibid., 77
632. ‘difference of temperament’: ibid.
633. ‘rejoiced together’: ibid.
633. See It Now: for an extended account of the making of this programme and of its reception, see Wolverton (2008), Chapters 1, 2 and 3.
633. ‘you find a Nobel Prize winner’: quoted ibid., 16
633. ‘There isn’t one foot’: ibid., 20
633. ‘tiptoed into Robert’s office’: Pais (1997), 330
634. ‘And Professor Einstein’: Wolverton (2008), 31
634. ‘Well, sir’: ibid., 35
634. ‘The trouble with secrecy’: ibid., 38
634. ‘There aren’t secrets’: ibid., 39
634. ‘lean, almost ascetic face’: quoted ibid., 46
634. 2,500 letters: ibid., 51
634. ‘brilliant non sequitur’: Marshak (1970), 94
635. ‘didn’t know a meson’: quoted in Wolverton (2008), 75
635. ‘was several hundred larger’: Eugene Register-Guard, 21 April 1955, copy in JRO papers, LOC
635. ‘Not one in 50’: ibid.
635. ‘For all scientists’: quoted in Wolverton (2008), 61
635. ‘It is a very special sort of privilege’: Oppenheimer (1957), 12
636. ‘He loved the history of science’: ibid.
636. ‘And physicists then said’: ibid., 19
636. ‘It is clear’: ibid., 20
637. ‘electrodynamics cannot be’: ibid., 19
637. ‘two golden decades’: Oppenheimer (1956a), 1
637. ‘did not arouse the hope’: ibid., 2
637. ‘His great discoveries’: typescript dated 30.9.1955 in JRO papers, LOC
637. ‘wonderfully diverse’: Oppenheimer (1956b), 10
637. ‘what is called in the trade’: ibid.
637. ‘In some ways’: ibid.
638. ‘Surely past experience’: ibid., 12
638. ‘We must make more humane’: ibid., 13
638. ‘Despite the “peace of mutual terror”’: ibid.
638. ‘the special problems’: ibid., 10
638. ‘a historic meeting’: Pais (1997), 351
638. ‘The τ-meson’: Pais (1997), 351, and Pais (2006), 281
639. ‘Perhaps some oscillation’: Marshak (1970), 95
640. ‘hinted at a rising wave’: Pais (2006), 282
640. Yang and Pais bet John Wheeler: Pais (197), 351
640. this article was published: ‘Question of Parity Conservation in Weak Interactions’, Physical Review, 104 (1), October 1956, 254–8
640. Oppenheimer’s comment: see Pais (2006), 282
641. ‘Wu’s experiment’: ibid.
641. ‘Walked through door’: ibid., 283
641. ‘The situation’: Yang (1964), 398
641. ‘Basic concept in physics’: quoted Pais (1997), 358
641. ‘No one today’: Pais (2006), 283
641. ‘It was an occasion’: Bernstein (2004), 171–2
641. ‘truly amazed’: ibid., 174
641. ‘Nothing that has been written’: ibid.
642. ‘looked at me’: ibid.
642. ‘his demeanor’: ibid., 175
642. ‘I believe in the popularization of science’: Wolverton (2008), 91
642. ‘What is new’: Bernstein (2004), 187
642. ‘attached great importance’: Pais (2006), 279
643. ‘there was other material’: Wolverton (2008), 129
643. ‘We wouldn’t like to have this’: typewritten transcript, headed ‘Oppenheimer interview’, JRO papers, LOC
643. ‘Today’: Oppenheimer (1958a), 55
643. ‘it is almost impossible’: ibid., 57
643. ‘And as for the recent discovery’: ibid.
643. ‘trying to explain’: Pais (1997), 380
644. ‘no intuitive understanding’: interview with MJS, 20.2.1979, quoted B & S, 263 and 413
644. ‘To an outsider’: Pais (
1997), 243
644. ‘a shadow’: interview with MJS, 11.3.1982, quoted B & S, 565
644. ‘There came a time’: interview with MJS, 31.7.1979, quoted B & S, 565
644. ‘Even the lay reader’: Oppenheimer (1958b), 481
644. ‘All of us’: Oppenheimer (1958c)
645. ‘a punitive, personal abuse’: Wolverton (2008), 150
645. ‘Day after weary day’: Pfau (1984), 230
645. ‘nightmarish quality’: quoted Wolverton (2008), 160
645. ‘It was now clear’: ibid., 161
645. ‘unchristianly spirit’: Bernice Brode to JRO, undated, quoted Wolverton (2008), 161
646. ‘profoundly in anguish’: Oppenheimer (1960), 22
646. ‘But these three particles’: Oppenheimer (1959), 11
647. ‘the same men’: ibid.
647. ‘the ancient question’: ibid.
647. ‘We may learn’: typed transcript of programme recorded December 1959, JRO papers, LOC
647. ‘If this next great war occurs’: Oppenheimer (1984), 118
647. ‘that beautiful poem’: ‘Speech at Opening Session of Conference on Progress in Freedom’, Tenth Anniversary Conference, June 1960, typescript, JRO papers, LOC. The printed version – Oppenheimer (1984), 117–20 – omits these words.
648. ‘If I cannot be comforted’: Oppenheimer (1984), 120
648. ‘not merely’: ibid.
648. ‘we have so largely lost’: ‘Speech at Opening Session of Conference on Progress in Freedom’, typescript, 4. Omitted from the printed version.
648. ‘terribly ill-planned’: Wolverton (2008), 179
648. ‘I do not regret’: Goodchild (1980), 274
648. ‘to discuss various problems’: Society of Science and Man, ‘Prospectus’, July 1958, typescript in JRO papers, LOC
649. ‘triviality and childishness’: ‘An Afternoon with Professor Oppenheimer’, 2, JRO papers, LOC
649. ‘a small society’: ibid., 4
649. ‘out of touch with science’: ibid., 12
649. ‘fill the air’: ibid., 13
649. ‘That does not surprise me’: ibid., 20
650. the island of St John in the Virgin Islands: a detailed account of the Oppenheimers’ time in the Virgin Islands is given in B & S, Chapter 39, from which my account is taken.
650. ‘is to help students’: Oppenheimer (1964), v
651. ‘jot down’: Martin E. Marty to JRO, 1.2.1962, JRO papers, LOC
651. The list he sent them: copy in the JRO papers, LOC, on which a handwritten note says that it was mailed on 9.2.1962
651. ‘the most extraordinary collection of talent’: quoted Wolverton (2008), 195
652. ‘Not on your life’: Goodchild (1980), 275
652. one of three speakers: ‘Talk at the Dedication of the Niels Bohr Library of the History of Physics’, 26.9.1962, 4, JRO papers, LOC
