Saluda County Jail
Special thanks to: Paige Hogge and Karlee Steffey at the Virginia Cooperative Extension for Middlesex County; and Dannielle Traylor, the visitor relations specialist and tour guide at the Rosa Parks Library and Museum. Publications: Raymond Arsenault, Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006); Catherine A. Barnes, Journey from Jim Crow: The Desegregation of Southern Transit (New York: Columbia University Press, 1983); Jim Carrier, A Traveler’s Guide to the Civil Rights Movement (New York: Harcourt, 2004); Larry Copeland, “Parks Not Seated Alone in History,” USA Today (November 38, 2005); Wayne Greenhaw, “Rosa Parks, ‘One of Many Who Would Fight for Freedom,’ ” Alabama Heritage (summer 2007); Katharine Greider, “The Schoolteacher on the Streetcar,” New York Times (November 13, 2005); Kermit L. Hall, ed., The Oxford Guide to United States Supreme Court Decisions (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999); Phillip Hoose, Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009); Russ Kick, 50 Things You’re Not Supposed to Know (New York: Disinformation Company, 2003); Yvonne Shinshoster Lamb, “Obituary: Irene M[organ] Kirkaldy; Case Spurred Freedom Ride,” Washington Post (August 13, 2007); Kimball Payne, “Woman Who Fought Bus Segregation Dies,” Daily Press (August 12, 2007); Lea Setegn, “Irene Morgan,” Richmond Times-Dispatch (February 13, 2002); and Jessie Carney Smith, Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events (Detroit: Visible Ink, Second Expedition, revised and expanded, 2003).
James Johnson’s Landing Spot (via the Deseret Chemical Depot)
Special thanks to: the Utah National Guard soldiers who, mercifully, did not arrest me at the Deseret Chemical Depot after they saw me taking pictures of the facility, which I thought had been shut down; and Ruth Bybee at the Springville police department. Publications: Patty Henetz, “Dugway Suit Takes New Twist: Appeals Court Overturns Whistle-Blower Discrimination Judgment,” Salt Lake Tribune (February 14, 2007); Bernie Rhodes, research by Russell P. Calame, D.B. Cooper: The Real McCoy (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1991); “CRIME: The Real McCoy,” Time (April 24, 1972); and Robert E. Tomasson, “Jet Out of La Guardia Is Hijacked; Bomb Left in New York Goes Off,” New York Times (September 11, 1976).
Heights Arts Theatre
Special thanks to: Peter Fletcher, the former chairman of the Michigan State Highway Commission; Ellen Seibert at the Supreme Court of Ohio; and Billy Zavesky at Johnny Malloy’s Sports Pub. Publications: Henry Alford, “Not a Word,” The New Yorker (August 29, 2005); Peter Krouse, “Cleveland Heights Theater Recalls 1959 Nico Jacobellis Controversy over ‘The Lovers,’ ” Cleveland Plain Dealer (April 23, 2009); W. Ward Marsh, “Adventure in Filth: Full Condemnation for ‘The Lovers,’ ” Cleveland Plain Dealer (November 13, 1959); Mark Monmonier, How to Lie with Maps, 2nd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996); Richard Parker, ed., Free Speech on Trial: Communication Perspectives on Landmark Supreme Court Decisions (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2003); Jeffrey Rosen, The Supreme Court: The Personalities and Rivalries That Defined America (New York: Times Books, 2006); George R. Stewart, Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States (New York: New York Review of Books, 1945); Jeffrey Toobin, The Nine: Inside the Secret World of the Supreme Court (New York: Doubleday, 2007); Michael G. Trachtman, The Supremes Greatest Hits: The 34 Supreme Court Cases That Most Directly Affect Your Life (New York: Sterling Publishing, 2006); and Bob Woodward and Scott Armstrong, The Brethren: Inside the Supreme Court (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1979).
Neal Dow’s Birthplace, H. H. Hay Drugstore, and Monument Square
Special thanks to: Herb Adams for taking me on a tour of Portland; Bill Barry at the Maine Historical Society; Wesley M. Oliver; and Rob Quatrano at the Neal Dow House. Publications: Donald W. Beattie, Rodney M. Cole, and Charles G. Waugh, eds., A Distant War Comes Home: Maine in the Civil War Era (Camden, Me.: Down East Books, 1996); Frank L. Byrne, Prophet of Prohibition: Neal Dow and His Crusade (Gloucester, Mass.: Peter Smith, 1969); Peter Carlson, “Uneasy About Alcohol,” American History (December 2008); Henry S. Clubb, The Maine Liquor: Its Origin, History, and Results, Including a Life of Hon. Neal Dow (New York: Maine Law Statistical Society, 1856); Betsy Hart, “Those Misunderstood Puritans,” San Francisco Chronicle (November 22, 2001); Richard Higgins, “Puritans and Sex: Myths Debunked,” Boston Globe (April 21, 1987); Maine Writers’ Project, Portland City Guide (American Guide Series) Compiled by Workers of the Writer’s Program of the Works Projects Administration in the State of Maine (Portland, Me.: The Forest City Printing Company, 1940); Wesley M. Oliver, “Portland, Prohibition, and Probable Cause: Maine’s Role in Shaping Modern Criminal Procedure,” Maine Bar Journal, The Quarterly Publication of the Maine State Bar Association; (vol. 23, no.4, fall 2008); Thomas R. Pegram, Battling Demon Rum: The Struggle for a Dry America, 1800–1933 (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1998); Charles Phillips, “A Day to Remember,” American History (February 2005); Neal Rolde, Maine: A Narrative History (Gardiner, Me.: Harpswell Press, 1990); W. J. Rorabaugh, The Alcoholic Republic: An American Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979); Richard Shenkman and Kurt Reiger, One-Night Stands with American History: Odd, Amusing, and Little-Known Incidents (New York: Morrow, 1980); and Roger Thompson, Sex in Middlesex: Popular Mores in a Massachusetts County 1649–1699 (Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 1986).
Caledonia Correctional Institution
Special thanks to: Joseph B. Cutchins Jr., who provided me with the location of where Jack Johnson died; Superintendent Grady Massey at Caledonia, who graciously approved my visit to the prison, and Daryl Williams for giving me a tour; James Zobel at the MacArthur Memorial. Publications: Ross E. Beard Jr., Carbine: The Story of David Marshall Williams (Lexington, S.C.: Sandlapper Store, 1977); Alfred W. Cooke, Caledonia: From Antebellum Plantation 1713–1892 to State Prison and Farm 1892–1988 (Raleigh, N.C.: Sparks Press, 1988); Jack Johnson, The Autobiography of Jack Johnson—In the Ring and Out (New York: Carol Publishing Group, 1992); Tracy Thompson, “Prison Inventor Wins Recognition; Court Rules Process in Helmet-Making Is His,” Washington Post (November 24, 1991); and Geoffrey C. Ward, Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson (New York: Knopf, 2004).
Elisha Otis’s Birthplace
Special thanks to: Jackie Calder and Paul Carnahan at the Vermont Historical Society; Ruth Ann Nyblod in the office of public affairs at the United States Patent and Trademark Office, who provided me with specific history about the office (there’s also a wealth of information on the department’s website: www.uspto.gov); Stephen Showers at the Otis Elevator Company, who provided me with dozens of press releases and two informative booklets published by the corporation; and, most of all, my wonderful “team” in Halifax: Connie Lancaster, Douglas Parkhurst, Bernice Barnett for Sally Pratt, Stephen Sanders, and Laura Sumner. Publications: The First One Hundred Years (New York: Otis Elevator Company, 1953); Arrol Gellner, “Laying the Foundation for Today’s Skyscrapers,” San Francisco Chronicle (August 23, 2008); Jason Goodwin, Otis: Giving Rise to the Modern City (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2001); Charles Otis, E. G. Otis: Inventor, Originator of Otis Safety Elevator Business 1811–1861 (New York: Otis Elevator Company, 1911); and Nick Paumgarten, “Up and Then Down: The Lives of Elevators,” The New Yorker (April 28, 2008).
William Morrison’s Laboratory
Special thanks to: my incredible guide Bill Jepsen; and Michael Smith and Bill Johnson at the State Historical Society of Iowa. Publications: Thomas Ayers, That’s Not in My American History Book: A Compilation of Little-Known Events and Forgotten Heroes (Dallas: Taylor Publishing Company, 2000); Neil Baldwin, Edison: Inventing the Century (New York: Hyperion, 1995); Ruth S. Beitz, “Whirlwind on Wheels,” Iowan (summer 1963); Margaret Cheney, Tesla: Man Out of Time (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001); Jonathan Glancey, The Car: A History of the Automobile (London: Carlton Books, 2008); Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi’s Black-Box to the Au
dio (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2001); Tom Longden, “Famous Iowans: William Morrison,” Des Moines Register (February 7, 2009); Keith McClellan, “The Morrison Electric: Iowa’s First Automobile,” Annals of Iowa (vol. XXXVI, no. 8, spring 1963); Clifford Pickover, Strange Brains and Genius: The Secret Lives of Eccentric Scientists and Madmen (New York: Harper Perennial, 1999); Ronald A. Stringer, “The Morrison Electric: America’s First Automobile!?!,” Antique Automobile (January/February 1984); and Steven Watts, The People’s Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century (New York: Random House, 2006).
The Farnsworth Farm
Special thanks to: Mike Miller, who went out of his way to find the old Farnsworth property. Publications: R. W. Burns, Television: An International Story of the Formative Years (London: Institution of Electrical Engineers in association with the Science Museum, 1998); George Everson, The Story of Television, The Life of Philo T. Farnsworth (New York: W. W. Norton & Co, 1949); Elma G. Farnsworth, Distant Vision: Romance and Discovery on an Invisible Frontier (Salt Lake City: Pemberly Kent Publishers, 1989); Donald G. Godfrey, Philo T. Farnsworth: The Father of Television (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2001); Andrew F. Inglis, Behind the Tube: A History of Broadcasting Technology and Business (London: Focal Press, 1990); Evan I. Schwartz, The Last Lone Inventor: A Tale of Genius, Deceit, and the Birth of Television (New York: Harper Perennial, 2002); and Daniel Stashower, The Boy Genius and the Mogul: The Untold Story of Television (New York: Broadway Books, 2002).
Robert Goddard’s Backyard
Special thanks to: Barbara Berka, who showed me Goddard’s boyhood home in Massachusetts and generously gave me the bulk of information about Goddard; and Guy Webster at NASA, who provided me with details about the Voyager records. Publications: Robert H. Goddard, The Autobiography of Robert Hutchings Goddard (Worcester, Mass.: Achille J. St. Onge, 1966); Milton Lehman, This High Man: The Life of Robert H. Goddard (New York: Farrar, Straus and Company, 1963); Jim Mann, “The Story of a Tragedy That Was Not to Be,” Los Angeles Times (July 7, 1999); Michael J. Neufeld, Von Braun: Dreamer of Space, Engineer of War (New York: Knopf/Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, 2007); Jeanne Nuss, “Goddard Foresaw Apollo 11: Father of American Rocketry Made Space Program Possible,” Associated Press (July 19, 2009); Carl Sagan, Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record (New York: Random House, 1997); A. Bowdoin Van Riper, Rockets and Missiles: The Life Story of a Technology (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007); and Andrew Walker, “Project Paperclip: Dark Side of the Moon,” BBC News (November 21, 2005).
Hartford Union Hall
Special thanks to: Jack Eckert at Harvard University’s Center for the History of Medicine; and Cynthia Harbeson and Diana McCain at the Connecticut State Historical Society. Publications: W. Harry Archer, B.S., D.D.S., “Life and Letters of Horace Wells, Discoverer of Anesthesia,” Journal of the American College of Dentists (vol. 11, no. 2, June 1944); Henry K. Beecher and Charlotte Ford, “Some New Letters of Horace Wells Concerning an Historic Partnership,” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences (vol. IX, no. 1, 1954); John Carey, Eyewitness to History (New York: Avon Books, 1987); Julie M. Fenster, Ether Day: The Strange Tale of America’s Greatest Medical Discovery and the Haunted Men Who Made It (New York: HarperCollins, 2001); “Dr. Horace Wells Discovered Anesthesia, Not Morton,” Hartford Daily Courant (November 28, 1920); “Dispelling the Curse of Cain: Hartford Dentist Frees Mankind from Age-Old Torture by Discovery of Anaesthesia,” Hartford Courant (December 7, 1924); M. A. DeWolfe Howe, Memories of a Hostess: A Chronicle of Eminent Friendships Drawn Chiefly from the Diaries of Mrs. James T. Fields (Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1922); Peter H. Jacobson, “Horace Wells: Discoverer of Anesthesia,” Anesth Prog, published by the American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (issue 42, 1995); Craig Lambert, “An Aristocrat’s Killing,” Harvard Magazine (July/August 2003); James McManus, Notes on the History of Anaesthesia (Hartford: Clark & Smith, 1896); Max E. Soifer, “Discoverers (?) of Anesthesia: The Claimants,” Journal of the American Dental Association (September 1942); Max E. Soifer, “Dr. Horace Wells the Discoverer of Anesthesia,’ ” Dental Items of Interest (December 1939); Max E. Soifer, “Horace Wells ‘Rediscovered,’ ” Dental Items of Interest (November 1941); and Helen Thomson, Murder at Harvard (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1971).
Minnesota Riverbank
Special thanks to: Bill Lass in Mankato, who took me to the site; and Anne Stenzel at the Minnesota State University, Mankato Memorial Library. Publications: Gary Clayton Anderson and Alan R. Woolworth, eds., Narrative Accounts of the Minnesota Indian War of 1862 (St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1988); Randy Dotinga, “Med Schools Cut Out Cadavers,” Wired (March 19, 2003); Linden F. Edwards, “Body Snatching in Ohio During the Nineteenth Century,” Ohio History: The Scholarly Journal of the Ohio Historical Society (vol. 59); Robert Elder, “Execution of Dakota Indian Nearly 150 Years Ago Spurs Calls for Pardon,” New York Times (December 14, 2010); Judith Hartzell, I Started All This: The Life of Dr. William Worrall Mayo (Greenville, S.C.: Arvi Books, 2004); Jerry Keenan, The Great Sioux Uprising: Rebellion on the Plains, August-September 1862 (Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo Press, 2003); Norman M. Keith and Thomas E. Keys, “The Anatomy Acts of 1831 and 1832: A Solution of a Medical Social Problem,” AMA Archives of Internal Medicine (vol. 99, May 1957); C. Brian Kelly, Best Little Ironies, Oddities and Mysteries of the Civil War (Nashville: Cumberland House Publishing, 2000); Jules Calvin Ladenheim, “The Doctors’ Mob of 1788,” Journal of the History of Medicine (winter 1950); Charles Donald O’Malley, Andreas Vesalius of Brussels, 1514–1564 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964); Lisa Rosner, The Anatomy Murders: Being the True and Spectacular History of Edinburgh’s Notorious Burke and Hare and of the Man of Science Who Abetted Them in the Commission of Their Most Heinous Crimes (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009); Duane Schultz, Over the Earth I Come: The Great Sioux Uprising of 1862 (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 1992); Suzanne M. Shultz, Body Snatching: The Robbing of Graves for the Education of Physicians in Early Nineteenth Century America (Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1992); Aaron D. Tward and Hugh A. Patterson, “From Grave Robbing to Gifting: Cadaver Supply in the United States,” Journal of the American Medical Association (March 6, 2002); John C. Warren, Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, published by the Massachusetts Medical Society (vol. 103); and D. T. Wheeler, “Creating a Body of Knowledge,” Chronicle of Higher Education (February 2, 1996).
Rankin Farm
Special thanks to: Russell Archer and William L. Thompson, who work in the Historic Preservation Division of the Mississippi Department of Archives and History. Publications: Ethan Blue, “The Strange Career of Leo Stanley: Remaking Manhood and Medicine at San Quentin State Penitentiary, 1913–1951,” Pacific Historical Review (vol. 78, no. 2, 2009); Alfred Jay Bollet, “Politics and Pellgra: The Epidemic of Pellagra in the U.S. in the Early Twentieth Century,” Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine (issue 65, 1992); Joann G. Elmore and Alvan R. Feinstein, “Joseph Goldberger: An Unsung Hero of American Clinical Epidemiology,” History of Medicine, published by the American College of Physicians (vol. 121, no. 5, September 1994); Allen M. Hornblum, Acres of Skin: Human Experiments at Holmesburg Prison (New York: Routledge, 1998); Allen M. Hornblum, “They Were Cheap and Available: Prisoners as Research Subjects in Twentieth Century America,” BMJ, published by the British Medical Association (November 29, 1997); Zereena Hussain, “MIT to Pay Victims $1.85 Million in Fernald Radiation Settlement,” The Tech, published by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (January 7, 1998); Gina Kolata, “Vanderbilt Sued on Radiation,” New York Times (February 2, 1994); Alan M. Kraut, Goldberger’s War: The Life and Work of a Public Health Crusader (New York: Hill and Wang, 2003); Susan E. Lederer, Subjected to Science: Human Experimentation in America Before the Second World War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995); Barron H. Lerner, “Subjects or Objects? Prisoners and Human Experimentation,” New England Jour
nal of Medicine (May 3, 2007); Jonathan D. Moreno, Undue Risk: Secret State Experiments on Humans (New York: Routledge, 2001); Leo L. Stanley with the collaboration of Evelyn Wells, Men at Their Worst (New York: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1940); Eileen Welsome, The Plutonium Files: America’s Secret Medical Experiments in the Cold War (New York: Delta, 1999); and Tom Zoellner, Uranium: War, Energy, and the Rock That Shaped the World (New York: Viking Penguin, 2009).
USDA National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research
Special thanks to: Patrick Dowd, Cletus Kurtzman, Katherine O’Hara, and Jackie Shepherd at the USDA National Center; Bob Killion at the Peoria Historical Society; and Sherri Schneider and Karen Deller in the Special Collections Center of Bradley University’s Cullom-Davis Library. Publications: Alexander Fleming Laboratory Museum, “The Discovery and Development of Penicillin 1928–1945” (November 19, 1999); C. Verne Bloch, “ ‘Moldy Mary’ Gave Penicillin a Boost,” Peoria Journal Star (May 8, 1962); Kevin Brown, Penicillin Man: Alexander Fleming and the Antibiotic Revolution (Stroud, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 2004); Robert D. Coghill, “Penicillin: Science’s Cinderella,” Chemical and Engineering News, published by the American Chemical Society (vol. 22, no. 8, April 25, 1944); Gail Compton, “Spoiled Melon Fruitful Field for Penicillin: Good Mold Producer for Wonder Drug,” Chicago Daily Tribune (May 7, 1944); Eric Lax, The Mold in Dr. Florey’s Coat: The Story of the Penicillin Miracle (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2004); Frank H. Stodola, “Penicillin: Breakthrough to the Era of Antibiotics,” USDA Yearbook of Agriculture (1968); Stevenson Swanson, “How Peoria-Produced Penicillin Helped Win WWII,” Peoria Journal Star (April 23, 1995); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, “Always Something New: A Cavalcade of Scientific Discovery” (Miscellaneous Publication Number 1507, November 1993); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration, “Chronology Contrasts Penicillin Research with War Needs,” Research News (August 11, 1980); and Robert Weidrich, “Beer Size Vats Put Penicillin in Reach of All: It’s American Story of Free Science,” Chicago Daily Tribune (September 25, 1952).
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