Design Literacy

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Design Literacy Page 37

by Steven Heller


  MTA (Metropolitan Transportation Authority), 225, 226, 227

  Munari, Bruno, 137

  Münchener Illustrierte Presse (MIP), 48–49

  Munkacsi, Martin, 47

  Münzenberg, Willi, 51

  Murder Incorporated, 60

  Murrow, Edward R., 72

  Musée de Arts Décoratifs, 253

  Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, 253

  Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), 225

  “Mushroom Clouds,” 13

  Musician, 102

  Mussolini, Benito, 48, 114, 257

  mustard gas, 21

  My Lai massacre, 31

  Mystery! 55

  N

  Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tour nachon), 66

  Naked City, 60

  Naked Lunch (Burroughs), 80

  Name of the Rose, The (Eco), 222

  Nast, Condé, 50, 65–66, 93, 220, 257

  National Cash Register, 237

  National United Front of Democracy Against Dictatorship, 178

  Nausea (Chermayeff cover), 163, 163, 166

  Nautilus, 283, 284

  Nazism. see also swastika

  Bauhaus and, 110

  blackletter and, 108–9, 112, 232

  graphics standards manual, 231–32, 231

  picture magazines and, 49, 51

  propaganda, 17, 20

  runic symbols and, 28

  Simplicissimus, 23–24

  trademarks, 189–190, 191

  NBC, 154, 220

  Nelson, George, 61

  Neon, 121

  neo-underground publishing, 93

  Nero, 27

  Neue Grafik, 95

  Neue Jugend, 25–26, 25

  Neue Typograpfie, die (Tschichold), 251

  Neurath, Otto, 127, 190

  Newark Hot Club, 169–170

  New Classics, 148

  New Directions, 147, 148, 165, 166, 198

  Newgarden, Mark, 101

  New Left, 73, 75, 209

  Newlyweds, The, 285

  Newman, Arnold, 64

  Newman, David, 72

  News Gothic, 133, 198

  Newsweek, 276

  Newton, Joe, 13

  New Typography

  Bauhaus, 111, 111

  blackletter, 108

  children’s books, 136

  Heartfield and, 26

  Sutnar and, 162

  trademarks, 190

  Tschichold and, 183, 251

  new wave, 93

  New York (magazine), 81, 92

  New York Daily Graphic, 46, 91

  New York Daily News, 21, 21, 91

  New Yorker, 157

  New York Public Theater. see Public Theater

  New York Review of Books, 92

  New York Rocker, 93

  New York Shakespeare Festival, 210, 212

  New York State Lottery, 30

  New York Times, 46, 80, 219, 233, 234, 280

  New York Transit Authority, 222, 223, 224

  New York World’s Fair, 235–37, 236

  NeXT, 201–3, 201

  Nie Wieder Krieg (Kollwitz), 114

  Nitsche, Erik, 283–84, 284

  Nixon, Richard, 131

  Noisy Book, The (Brown), 136

  “No More War” (Lubalin), 75

  Noonday Press, 164, 165

  Noorda, Bob, 222

  Normatype, 120

  North, Oliver, 37

  November, David, 72

  NSDAP. see Nazism

  nuclear disarmament, 27, 32

  nuclear power, 283–84

  O

  “Obey the Giant” (Fairey), 113

  object poster, 24, 192, 273–75

  O’Connor, Francis V., 237

  Odol, 238

  Office of War Information, 20

  Of Two Squares (Lissitzky), 134, 135

  Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mamma’s Hung You in the Closet and I’m Feeling So Sad (Robbins), 205

  Old Engravings & Illustrations, 234

  Old Joe, 19

  One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Bacon cover), 168

  onomalanguage, 146

  On the Beach, 204

  Opper, F.W., 241

  Organisationsbuch der NSDAP, 231–32, 231

  ornament, 264–65

  “Ornament and Crime” (Loos), 264

  Orwell, George, 113

  Osborn, Robert, 32

  otherness, 20

  Otto Elsner Verlag, 191

  Outcault, R.F., 241

  P

  pacifism, 27–28, 31, 75, 80

  Packard, 118

  Packard Motor Car Company, 118

  Palais de Chaillot, 116

  Paley, WIlliam, 154

  Panter, Gary, 93, 101

  Pantheon Books, 138, 261–62, 263

  Pantone, 178

  Paper, 94

  paperback books. see also book design

  Dell Mapbacks, 104–5

  Lustig, 147–48

  McGraw-Hill, 197, 198

  quality paperbacks, 163–67

  Paperbacks, U.S.A.: A Graphic History, 1939-1959 (Salbreit er), 105

  paper bombs, 18–19

  Papert Koneig Lois, 73

  Papp, Joseph, 210, 211

  Paramount Pictures, 158

  parenthesis, 160

  Paris Match, 50

  Parker, Robert Andrew, 72

  Pass the Lord and Praise the Ammunition (Sorel), 31

  pastiche, 183–84

  Pat Metheny Group, 246

  Patrick, Ted, 63–64

  Patriot Act, 18

  Patterson, Joseph Medill, 91

  “Patton” (Crumb), 90

  Patton, Charley, 90

  Paul, Bruno, 41

  Pavlova, Anna, 150

  Peace symbol, 27–28, 27, 31

  Pearson, F.A., 271

  Peck, Pricilla, 65

  Peignot, 115–16, 116, 133

  Peignot, Charles, 50, 115–16, 133

  Penguin Books, 164–65

  Penn, Irving, 66, 280

  Pentagon, 18

  Pentagon Papers, 80

  Pentagram/New York, 212

  Père Lachaise Cemetery, 90

  periodicals. see also specific titles

  picture magazines, 46–52

  tabloids, 91–94

  Perisphere, 236, 237

  Peter, Saint, 27

  Petrusive, Georgy, 52

  Pettit, Charles, 282

  Pezneez, 241

  PG&E, 88

  Phaedrus: An Annual of Children’s Literature Research, 136

  Philharmonic Auditorium (Los Angeles), 149

  Phillips, Robert, 64

  photography, 46–52

  photojournalism, 46–52, 60

  Photolettering Inc., 259, 260

  photomontage

  Chermayeff, 166

  EVO, 85

  Kauffer, 196

  Lustig, 147, 165

  Neue Jugend, 26

  picture magazines, 50–52

  Ramparts, 82

  Tolmer, 251

  Zwart, 136

  PhotoTypositor, 120

  Picasso, Pablo, 32, 54, 57, 149, 178

  Piccolo Teatro, 223

  Pick, Frank, 194–95

  picture magazines, 46–52

  Picture Post, 49

  Pineles, Cipe, 61

  Pinero, Miguel, 211

  Pinnacle Productions, 88

  pinups, 71

  Pippin, Horace, 209

  Pirandello, Luigi, 256

  Pirelli, 222

  Plague, The (Chwast cover), 167

  Plakat, Das, 190, 192

  Plakatstil, 275

  Pliete, Die, 26

  PM, 44–45, 44, 53, 285

  PM Gallery, 45

  Pocket Books, 104

  Poindexter, John, 37

  Pollock, Jackson, 66

  Pomeroy, Karen, 11

  Porgy and Bess (Gershwin), 149

  pornography, 89–90

  Porsche, 232

  Porter, Cole,
171

  Portfolio, 59–60, 59, 195

  Portnoy’s Complaint (Bacon cover), 168, 171

  Poster, The, 240

  Poster Prints, 33, 34

  posters

  Best of Jazz, 179–181, 180

  Black Power/White Power (Ungerer), 29–30, 29

  Blues Project, 173–74, 173

  Davis, 209, 210

  Dylan, 199–200, 199

  End Bad Breath (Chwast), 31–34, 33

  Jambalaya, 243–46, 244–45

  Kauffer, 194–96

  Men With No Lips (Conal), 35–37, 36

  object poster, 24, 192, 273–75

  Priester Match, 273–75, 274

  Public Theater, 211–13

  Simplicissimus, 22–24, 23

  split fountain, 175–76, 175, 176

  Postman, Neil, 136

  Post No Bills, 35

  power, typography and, 112–14

  Power Broker, The (Bacon cover), 168, 169

  Poynor, Rick, 129

  Pratt Institute, 156

  Preminger, Otto, 158

  press type, 120–21, 120, 121

  Pride and Nicholson, 195

  Priester Match, 273–75, 274

  Print, 68, 69, 70, 147, 148, 159

  PRINT, 253

  Print Mint, 88

  PROMI (Ministry of Enlightenment and Propoganda), 231

  propaganda

  anti-propaganda, 18, 18

  Camel cigarettes, 19–20, 19

  Catholicism and, 17

  Iraq war, 20–21

  leafleting, 18–19, 18

  Nazism and, 17

  origins of, 17

  picture magazines and, 52

  racist, 17, 20, 20

  Simplicissimus, 23–24

  typeface and, 114

  Propaganda: The Public Mind in the Making (Bernays), 17

  Proust, Marcel, 185

  Psychedelic Playbill, 173

  psychedelic poster, 173–74

  psy-ops, 18–19

  Public Theater, 210, 211–12, 272

  Publisher’s Weekly, 165

  publishing, alternative, 25

  Puck, 241

  Punch, 49, 170

  punk, 93

  Push Pin Almanack, 76

  Push Pin Graphic, 76–78

  Push Pin Monthly Graphic, 76–77, 77

  Push Pin Studios

  Antupit, 72

  Artone, 259–260

  Chwast, 32, 167

  Glaser, 166

  Push Pin Graphic, 76–78

  Ramparts, 82

  Scher and, 179

  typography, 183

  Pussy Galore, 125, 126–28

  pyschological warfare, 18–19

  Q

  quality paperbacks, 163–67

  Queen, Ellery, 104

  R

  Rabe, David, 211

  Rabelais, François, 254

  racism, 20, 240–42

  Radio City Music Hall, 236

  Radiograph, 88

  Ragtime (Bacon cover), 168, 171–72

  Rahel, 138

  rainbow roll, 175–76

  Rambam, 138

  Ramparts, 79, 79, 80–82, 83

  Rand, Ann, 134–35, 137

  Rand, Paul

  on Armitage, 149

  Bacon and, 170

  book design, 56, 148, 163, 165, 166

  Deffke and, 190

  Direction, 53–54, 53

  El Producto, 205

  Garretto and, 258

  hand lettering, 56–57

  IBM, 231

  Jazzways cover, 60

  Listen! Listen! 134–35

  Little 1, 137

  NeXT logo, 201–3, 201

  Peignot, use of, 115, 116

  PM, 45

  show cards, 271

  Random House, 261

  Rapidograph, 88

  Rashi, 138

  Rauschenberg, Robert, 209, 280

  RAW, 98–101, 99, 100, 123, 124

  Raw Books and Graphics, 98

  Ray Gun, 84

  RCA, 220

  Reagan, Nancy, 36

  Reagan, Ronald, 35, 37, 267

  Real Paper, 92

  Record Changer, The, 170

  red, 177–78

  Red Studio, The (Matisse), 178

  Reed, Lou, 244

  Reichsgesetzblatt, 232

  Reichsparteitag, 232

  Reichswehr, 191

  Reimann School, 192

  Reklame, Die, 190

  Rendezvous with the Book, A (Armitage), 149–150, 150

  Renner, Paul, 115

  Republican Guard, 21

  Resistance, 114

  Restaurant Florent, 207–8

  Revolution (The Beatles), 280

  Rhapsody in Blue (Steinweiss cover), 277

  Ring Neuer Werbegestalter, 190

  Rivers, Joan, 36

  Rivers, Larry, 209

  Riverside Records, 170

  RJR Nabisco, 19–20

  Robbins, Jerome, 205

  Robert, Jean, 102

  Robeson, Paul, 277

  Rockefeller Center, 236

  Rockwell, Norman, 54, 82, 170

  Rodchenko, Alexander, 52

  Rodriguez, Spain (Spain), 84, 86, 89, 90

  Rogers, Bruce, 149

  Rogers, Will, 149

  Rohde, Gilbert, 237

  Rolling Stone, 79, 81, 92

  Rolling Stones, 244, 246

  Rosensweig, Martin, 62

  Rosenthal, George, Jr., 59

  Rosenthal, George, Sr., 60

  Rossett, Barney, 80, 82

  Rosten, Carl, 232

  Roth, Philip, 168, 171

  Rothenberg, Randall, 280

  rotogravure, 46, 52

  Rubin, Jerry, 221

  Ruffins, Reynold, 76, 259

  Ruggeri, Giorgio, 146

  Rumsfeld, Donald, 20

  runic symbols, 27, 28

  Russell, Bertrand, 28, 82

  Russian Revolution, 51

  Rustic, 265

  S

  Sachplakat, 24, 192, 273–75

  Sacre du Printemps, Le (Steinweiss cover), 277

  Saddam Hussein, 20–21

  Sagmeister, Stefan, 243–46, 244–45

  Salbreiter, Bernie, 105

  Salomé, 173

  Salomon, Erich, 47, 48

  Sander, August, 66

  SANE, 32

  San Francisco Chronicle, 87

  San Francisco Oracle, 91, 175–76

  “Sangrella” (Spain), 90

  Scarecrow (Goldthwaite), 104, 105

  Scarecrow, The (Schwitters, Steinitz, and Van Doesburg), 135

  Scavullo, Francesco, 280

  Scheer, Bob, 80, 83

  Schemer-Scheddin, Yvonne, 109

  Scher, Paula, 179–181, 180, 211, 212, 212, 213, 272

  Scherman, Roland, 199, 200

  Schmid, Anton, 141

  Schneider, Lorraine, 31

  Schocken, Salaman, 138

  Schocken Verlag, 138

  Schoener, Allon, 161

  School of Visual Arts (SVA), 12, 101

  Schulpig, Karl, 189, 190, 192

  Schuman the Human, 86

  Schutzmarken, 190, 192

  Schwenk, Reinhold, 210

  Schwitters, Kurt, 74, 135

  Scope, 68–70, 69

  Searle, Ronald, 64, 185

  secession, 42

  See (Conal), 37

  Seitlin, Percy, 44, 45, 152

  Seldes, Gilbert, 285

  Semaine De Bonté, Une (Ernst), 233

  semaphore, 27

  semiotics, 222

  Sendak, Maurice, 137

  September 11 attacks, 18

  Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (The Beatles), 280

  Shahn, Ben, 56, 72, 82, 166

  Shakespeare, William, 163, 166–67, 210, 212

  Shange, Ntozake, 211

  Shapiro, Evan, 212

  Shaw, Paul, 108, 109

  Shell Oil, 195

&n
bsp; Shelton, Gilbert, 86, 90

  shocards. see show cards

  Shogun (Bacon cover), 168

  shooting targets, 238–39, 238, 239

  Show, 72

  show cards, 271–72, 271, 272

  Shyne, Michael, 104

  Signet Shakespeare series, 166–67

  Simmons, Sherwin, 191

  Simon & Schuster, 166, 168, 169, 170

  Simplicissimus, 22–24, 23, 41–42, 42, 43

  Sinatra, Frank, 158

  Sinel, Joseph, 45

  Skateboard, 102

  Skyline, 99

  Slash, 93, 101

  Sly and the Family Stone, 278

  Smart, David, 71

  “smart bombs,” 21

  Smith, Eliot Freemont, 219

  Smith, Virginia, 190

  Smith, William Jay, 137

  “Smooth Character,” 19–20

  Snookums, 285

  Soaring to Success! The Early Bird, 194

  So-Called Abstract Art (Armitage), 150

  Society for the Friends of the Jewish Book, 141

  Society for the Friends of the Poster, 192

  SoHo Map and Guide, The (Mouly), 98

  Soleil Collection, 185

  Solingen mark, 189–190

  Somoroff, Ben, 72

  Soncino-Gesellschaft, 141

  Songs of Free Men (Steinweiss cover), 277

  Sophie’s Choice (Bacon cover), 168, 171

  Sorel, Edward, 31, 76, 82, 259

  Sorel’s Bestiary, 82

  Sowjet Russland im Bild, 51

  Spacematic, 120

  Spain (Spain Rodriguez), 84, 86, 89, 90

  “Sparky Sperm” (Crumb), 90

  Spartakusbund, 26

  Speak (Conal), 37

  Speer, Albert, 232

  Spellman, Francis, 31

  Spider’s Palace (Gorey cover), 58

  Spiegelman, Art, 98–100, 101, 124

  split fountain, 175–76, 175, 176

  Stage, John Lewis, 64

  Stairstep, 133

  Stalin, Joseph, 52

  Stam, 138

  Stam Book, 138

  Standard, Paul, 118

  Stanley, Robert, 105

  Stanton, Frank, 154

  Steichen, Edward, 46

  Stein, Gertrude, 147

  Steinitz, Käte, 135

  Steinweiss, Alex, 276–77, 276

  Stepanova, Varvara, 52

  Sterling, David, 93

  Stermer, Dugald, 79, 80, 81–82, 83, 263

  Sterner, Der, 20

  Still, William Grant, 236

  Stokowski, Leopold, 149

  Stop Making Sense, 206

  stop-motion, 205

  Storch, Otto, 61, 76

  Story of Babar, the Little Elephant, The (de Brunhoff), 137

  Stout, Rex, 104

  Stranger, The (Lionni cover), 163

  Stravinsky, Igor, 149, 150

  Strength Through Joy, 232

  Strick, Louis, 259, 260

  Strohmer, William, 104

  “Struggle of Signs in the Weimar Republic, The” (Simmons), 191

  Studio Books, 253

  Stuff, 94

  Stürmer, Der, 112

  style, 122

  Styron, William, 168

  Submarine, 123

  subway maps, 222–24, 223, 225–27, 225, 226

 

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