by James Wyllie
NOTES
The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.
ARCHIVES
CHURCHILL ARCHIVE, CAMBRIDGE (CA)
Clarke Papers
Denniston Papers
Hall Papers
IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM, LONDON
Clauson Papers
Dawnay papers
NATIONAL ARCHIVE, KEW (NA)
NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF CANADA
THE US NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
QUOTED SOURCES
(in order of appearance)
INTRODUCTION
p4: Winston Churchill: The World Crisis Vol 1 (1923)
CHAPTER 1
p10: A.W. Ewing: The Life of Sir Alfred Ewing (1939)
p11: Hall, Papers 3/1 (CA) or William James: The Eyes of the Navy – A Biographical Study of Admiral Sir Reginald Hall (1955)
p12: Clarke Papers 3 (CA)
p13: J.H. Burton (eds): The Life and Letters of Walter H. Page Vol 3 (1922–1925)
p14: David Ramsey: ‘Blinker Hall’ Spymaster – The Man who Brought America into World War 1 (2009)
Hall, Papers 3/1 (CA) or D. Ramsey
W. James
Sir Guy Gaunt: The Yield of the Years – A Story of Adventure Afloat and Ashore (1940)
p15: David Stafford: Churchill & Secret Service (1997)
p17: Denniston Papers 1/2 (CA) or R. Denniston: Thirty Secret years – A.G. Denniston’s Work in Signals Intelligence 1914–1944 (2007)
p18: Denniston Papers 1/3 (CA) or R. Denniston
p19: W. Churchill
CHAPTER 2
p21: Robert K. Massie: Castles of Steel – Britain, Germany and the Winning of the Great War at Sea (2008)
W. Churchill
p22: W. Churchill
p25: R. Denniston
p26: Hall Papers 3/1 (CA)
p27: Penelope Fitzgerald: The Knox Brothers (2002)
p29: W. Churchill
p30: R. Denniston
Clarke Papers 3 (CA) or Patrick Beesley: Room 40 – British Naval Intelligence 1914–1918 (1984)
CHAPTER 3
p35: Mark Ellis: ‘German-Americans in World War 1’ from Enemy Images in American History, eds. Ragnhild Fiebig-von Hase, Ursula Lehmkuhl (1997)
Historical money value calculation made on www.usinflationcalculator.com
Captain Henry Landau, The Enemy Within (1937). This was the account of the money given after the war by Germany’s US paymaster, Dr. Heinrich Albert
For the full proclamation, see ‘President Wilson Proclaims Our Strict Neutrality’, New York Times, 5 August 1914
pp35–6: Ron Chernow: The House of Morgan (1990)
Ibid. Indeed, when Morgan learned that German investors planned to purchase Bethlehem Steel, they marshaled voting shares to block it. The grateful British exempted the House of Morgan from mail censorship, and allowed them to use an in-house code for transatlantic communication
p36: Population numbers come from www.census.gov/population/estimates/nation/popclockest.txt
www.loc.gov/rr/european/imde/germchro.html
pp37–8: New York Times, 1 May 1915
‘Why Lusitania Plans Show Gun Outlines’, New York Times, 19 June 1915
pp39–40: P. Gannon
p44: The Daily Chronicle, 8 May 1915
Tacoma Times, 7 May 1915
El Paso Herald, 8 May 1915 Ibid
p45: Ibid
‘No Need to Fight if Right’, New York Times, 11 May 1915
‘“I’m not here!” cries Count Bernstorff’, New York Times, 9 May 1915
pp45–6: James W. Gerard: My Four Years in Germany (1917) p 173
Ibid
CHAPTER 4
pp47–50: Malcolm Hay: Wounded and Taken Prisoner – by an Exchanged Prisoner (1916)
p51: Alice Ivy Hay: Valiant for Truth – Malcolm Hay of Seaton (1971)
p52: Malcolm Hay: Notes on Cryptography in A.I. Hay
p54: R. Wilson (eds): Frances Partridge – Diaries 1939–1972 (2001)
p55: B. Strachey: Remarkable Relations – The Story of the Pearsall Smith Family (1980)
p56: B. Caine: Bombay to Bloomsbury – A Biography of the Strachey Family (2005)
CHAPTER 5
p61: Henry Landau
p63: Population figures for New York City come from 1915 Almanac and book of Facts, (1914) London comes in second, though a footnote indicates ‘metropolitan London’ is the world’s largest city with 7.2 million people. Another note indicates China is left out altogether, as their figures are ‘untrustworthy’
pp63–4: Walter Laidlaw: ‘Rate of New York City’s Growth’, New York Times, 26 June 1915
‘Water Frontage Around New York’, New York Times, 3 April, 1910
Ric Burns and James Sanders, with Lisa Ades: New York: An Illustrated History (2003)
p64: For a wonderfully entertaining account of von der Goltz’s activities in Paris, and the international fallout, see both Captain Horst von der Goltz: My Adventures as a German Secret Service Agent (1918) and Barbara Tuchman: The Zimmerman Telegram (1985)
Count (Johann von) Bernstorff: My Three Years in America, (1920) and Captain Horst von der Goltz: My Adventures as a Secret Agent (1918)
p65–6: Von der Goltz
Chad Millman: The Detonators (2006)
p66: Henry Landau
pp67–8: For a full account of the hapless Horn’s adventure, see French Strother: Fighting Germany’s Spies (1918). Horn was sentenced to 18 months in a federal penitentiary in Atlanta for transporting explosives, then extradited to Canada in 1919 and sentenced to another 10 years. He was judged insane in 1921 and deported to Germany
Von Bernstorff
pp67–70: Henry Landau
Richard Spence: Secret Agent 666 (2008)
‘Keeping Posted: The Voskas’, Saturday Evening Post, 4 May, 1940
Thomas A. Reppetto: Battle Ground New York (2012)
CHAPTER 6
p71: Franz von Rintelen: The Dark Invader (1936)
Nigel West: Historical Dictionary of World War 1 Intelligence. It states von Rintelen was born in Frankfurt an der Oder in August 1878
p72: Henry Landau
pp74–7: Von Rintelen
p76: James D. Livingston: Arsenic and Clam Chowder: Murder in Gilded Age New York (2010) Scheele’s prominence as a European-educated scientist saw him appear as an expert witness in New York criminal trials as early as 1896
H. Landau
p76: Inspector Thomas J. Tunney and Paul Merrick Hollister: Throttled! The Detection of the German and Anarchist Bomb Plotters (1919)
Von Rintelen
p77: Cigar bomb number comes from H. Landau
p78: For Gaunt’s own take on the war (to be taken with a grain of salt) see his The Yield of the Years: A Story of Adventure Afloat and Ashore (1940)
Von Rintelen
pp79–80: R. Spence
New York Times, 7 July 1915
pp80–2: Von Rintelen
CHAPTER 7
p83: ‘Man Who Revealed German Plan in First War Leaves Secret Service’, Milwaukee Journal, 20 July 1942
p84: Richard Spence makes the argument that the British were behind it all, with the help of none other than Aleister Crowley Albert Dawson was a brave and daring filmmaker, who shot some of the war’s most compelling footage. When the US joined the Allied cause, he was commissioned a captain in the US Signal Corps in charge of its military photographic laboratory. See ‘Shooting the Great War: Albert Dawson and the American Correspondent Film Company, 1914–1918’ in Ron van Dopperen and Cooper C. Graham.
p85: Von Bernstorff
p90: T.J. Tunney
p92: Ibid
pp94–7: Keith Jeffrey: The History of the Secret Intelligence Service 1909–1949 (2011)
Richard Spence: ‘Englishmen in New York: The SIS American Station, 1915–2
1’ in Intelligence and National Security, 19:3.
Joseph Pulitzer: Reminiscences of a Secretary, Alleyne Ireland (1914)
‘Bringing Together English Speaking Peoples’ in English Speaking World September 1919, p15.
‘Norman Thwaites Wounded’, New York Times, 10 November, 1914
Christopher Andrew: The Defence of the Realm: the Authorized History of MI5 (2010)
CHAPTER 8
p100: R.J. Wyatt: Death from the Skies – The Zeppelin Raids over Norfolk – 19 Jan 1915 (1990)
C. Cover: Zeppelins over the Eastern Counties (2007)
p101: R. Marben: Zeppelin Adventures (1931)
p102: Ibid
C. Cover
J. Ferris: ‘Airbandit C31 and Strategic Air Defence during the First Battle of Britain 1915–1918’ in M. Dockerill and D. French (eds): Strategy and Intelligence – British Policy during the First World War (1996)
Marben
p103: Hugh Cleland Hoy: 40 OB or How the War Was Won (1932)
p104: Ibid
C. Cover
H.C. Hoy
p105: J. Ferris in Dockerill + French
Captain E. Lehmann and H. Mingos: The Zeppelins – The Development of the Airship with the Story of the Zeppelin Air raids in the World War (1927)
p107: H. C. Hoy
Von B. Brandenfels: Zeppelins over England (1931)
p108: Lyn Macdonald: Somme (1993)
R. Marben
P.J.C Smith: Zeppelins over Lancashire – the Story of the Air Raids on the County of Lancashire in 1916 and 1918 (1991)
CHAPTER 9
p113: Hall Papers 3/1 (CA) or D. Ramsey
Hall Papers 3/2 (CA)
Ibid
p114: Ibid
p115: Hall Papers 3/5 (CA) or D. Ramsey
Ibid
Hall Papers 3/5 (CA) or Martin Gilbert: The Challenge of War – Winston S. Churchill 1914–1916 (1971)
Ibid
p116: Lord Fisher (eds A.J. Marden): Fear God and Dreadnaught – The Correspondence of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fisher of Kilverstone Vol 2 (1956)
W. Churchill
Hall Papers 3/5 (CA) or D. Ramsey
Hall 3/7 or D. Ramsey
p117: Lord Fisher Vol 3
Ibid
p118: Hall Papers 3/5 (CA) or P. Beesley
Ibid
p119: Ibid
Lord Fisher, vol 3
Ibid
H. C. Hoy
Ibid
Hall Papers 2/1 (CA)
p120: Ibid
Hall Papers 3/4 (CA) or W. James
p121: Basil Thomson: The Scene Changes (1937)
p122: Ibid
H. C. Hoy
p123: Ibid
p124: Christopher Andrew: Secret Service – The Making of the British Intelligence Community (1986)
Alan Judd: The Quest for C – Mansfield Cumming and the Founding of the Secret Service (2000)
Ibid
pp125–7: Compton Mackenzie: My Life and Times – Octave Five 1915–1923 (1966)
p128: Hall Papers 3/1 (CA)
B. Thomson
CHAPTER 10
p130: R.L. Green: A.E.W. Mason (1952)
p131: Ibid
Hall Papers 2/1 (CA)
A.E.W Mason: The Summons (1920)
p132: Ibid
R.L. Green
p133: H.C. Hoy
A.E.W. Mason
p134: D. Ramsey
p136: P. Beesley
p137: Malcolm Hay in A.I. Hay
p138: Ibid
p139: HW3/185 (NA) or Paul Gannon: Inside Room 40 – The Codebreakers of World War 1 (2010)
Malcolm Hay in A.I. Hay
p140: HW3/184 (NA) or P. Gannon
CHAPTER 11
p142: Filip Nerad: ‘The Irish Brigade in Germany 1914–18,’ Prague Papers on the History International Relations 2006
Colm Tóibín: ‘A Whale of a Time’ in London Review of Books, October 1997
p143: F. Nerad
pp144–5 R. Spence
F. Nerad
The First World War: Part 8: Revolution, Channel 4 Films
The commonly cited number of Irish who served for Britain in the first World War is 200,000
p146: Geoffrey Sloan: ‘The British State and the Irish Rebellion of 1916: An Intelligence Failure or a Failure of Response?’ in Journal of Strategic Security, Volume 6
Spence also says that Adler claims the British tried to get him to kill Casement, something which they would, of course, deny
p147: G. Sloan
pp148–51: Ibid
Basil Thomson: Queer People (1922)
Ibid
pp151–3 ‘Give a Dog a Bad Name: The Curious Case of F.E. Smith and the Black Diaries of Rogers Casement’, History Today, September 1984
p153: Brian Lewis: ‘The Queer Life and Afterlife of Roger Casement’, in Journal of Sexuality, Volume 14, Number 4
CHAPTER 12
p155: W. James
p156: Ibid
p158: R. K. Massie
Admiral Scheer: Germany’s High Seas Fleet in the World War (1920)
V.E. Tarrant: Jutland – The German Perspective (1996)
p159: N. Steele and P. Hart: Jutland 1916 (2004)
p160: R.K. Massie
V.E. Tarrant
p161: Ad. Scheer
p162: Major R.E. Priestley: The Signal Services in the European War of 1914–1918 (1921)
Brigadier General John Charteris: At G.H.Q (1931)
p163: Ibid
p164: J. Ferris (eds): The British Army and Signals Intelligence during the First World War (1992)
p165: F. Tuohy: The Crater of Mars (1929)
p166: Ibid.
F. Tuohy: The Battle of the Brains (1930)
p167: Ibid
p168: F. Tuohy in The Crater of Mars
Ibid
F. Tuohy: The Secret Corps – a Tale of Intelligence on all Fronts (1920)
p169: W. Langford (eds): Somme Intelligence (2013)
Ibid
F. Tuohy in The Crater of Mars
CHAPTER 13
p171–3: Von Rintelen
p174: Robert Koenig: The Fourth Horseman: One Man’s Mission to Wage the Great War in America (2006)
p177–80: C. Millman The Detonators – A 5.7 Richter scale earthquake in Agadir, Morrocco in 1960 killed 12,000 people
‘Millions of Persons Heard and Felt Shock’, New York Times, 31 July 1916
Jules Witcover: Sabotage at Black Tom: Imperial Germany’s Secret War in America, 1914–1917 (1989)
Millions of Persons Heard and Felt Shock’, New York Times, 31 July 1916
‘How Eyewitnesses Survived Explosion’, New York Times, 31 July 1916
pp181–84: ‘Held as Plotters in Black Tom Fire’, New York Times, 10 August 1916
Ibid
H. Landau
Von Rintelen
H. Landau
Richard B. Spence: ‘Englishmen in New York the SIS American Station, 1915–21’ in Intelligence and National Security 19:3:2004
H. Landau
CHAPTER 14
p185–6: P. Gannon
Joachim Von Zur Gathen: ‘Zimmermann Telegram: The Original Draft’ in Cryptologia 31:2–37
Michael S. Neiberg: ‘The Zimmermann Telegram and American Entry into World War’ www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/world-war-i/essays/zimmermann-telegram-and-american-entry-world-war-i
p187: Janus Gerard. My Four Years in Germany (1917)
‘War Summary’, Globe and Mail, 10 March 1917
p189: ‘Saw Villa Slay Husband’, New York Times, 15 March 1916
pp189–92: Haldeen Braddy: Cock of the Walk, Qui-qui-ri-qui!: The Legend of Pancho Villa (1955)
Mitchell Yockelson: ‘The United States Armed Forces and the Mexican Punitive Expedition Parts 1 and 2’ in Prologue Magazine Fall 1997, Vol. 29, No. 3
www.archives.gov/publications/prologue
pp190–1: ‘Hanging on Villa’s Tail’, New York Times, 28 March 1916
‘All Going Well, Pershing Tells Times, But End Not in Sight’ New York Times, 26 March 1916
p192: Frank J. Rafalko (eds) National Counter Intelligence Centre: A Counter-Intelligence Reader: American Revolution to World War II, Volume 1
pp191–4: Von Zur Gathen
cosec.bit.uni-bonn.de/fileadmin/user_upload/publications/pubs/gat07a.pdf
P. Gannon
For a very full account, see David Kahn: The Codebreakers (1996)
p195–6: B. Tuchman, p160
C. Andrew: The Defence of the Realm
Ibid
pp196–7: Robert Lansing: War Memoirs of Robert Lansing (1935)
http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015001571010;view=1up;seq=236
New York Times, 1 March 1917
p197–8: City Germans Doubt Note is Authentic’ New York Times March 2, 1917.
Ibid
www.firstworldwar.com/source/zimmermann_speech.htm
pp197–9: C. Andrew – The Defence of the Realm
Ibid
B. Tuchman
New York Times, 19 March 1917
Ibid
CHAPTER 15
p203: D. Ramsey
W. James
p204: F. Katz: The Secret War in Mexico – Europe, the United States and the Mexican Revolution (1987)
R. L. Green
pp205–7: Ibid
p209: P. Beesley
p210: W. James
p211: D. Ramsey
p212: P. Beesley
CHAPTER 16
p213: Captain Parker Hitt: Manual for the Solution of Military Ciphers (1916)
David Kahn: The Reader of Gentlemen’s Mail: Herbert O. Yardley and the Birth of American Codebreaking (2004)
pp214–5: John Patrick Finnegan: The Military Intelligence Story (1998)
Richard B. Spence: ‘Englishmen in New York The SIS American Station, 1915–21’ in Intelligence and National Security 19:3 (2004)
Ibid
pp216–8: Herbert O. Yardley: The American Black Chamber (1931)
