by Jane Ridley
118. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 614.
119. The Times, 13 May 1910.
120. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 615. The Times, 18 May 1910.
121. RA GV/CC25/59, Queen Mary to Augusta Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 22 May 1910.
122. Carrington Diary, 17 May 1910, in Hibbert, Edward VII, pp. 312–13.
123. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 620.
124. Lord Esher to Schomberg McDonnell, 9 May 1910, in Kuhn, Democratic Royalism, p. 103.
125. Schomberg McDonnell to Arthur Bigge, 10, 11 May 1910, in ibid., p. 104.
126. John Wolffe, Great Deaths (British Academy, 2000), p. 252.
127. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, p. 26.
128. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 625.
129. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, p. 26.
130. Carrington Diary, 18 May 1910, in Hibbert, Edward VII, p. 313.
131. Ibid.
132. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, pp. 35–36.
133. Carrington Diary, 18 May 1910, in Hibbert, Edward VII, p. 313.
134. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, pp. 39–41.
135. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, pp. 42–3.
136. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 625. Kuhn, Democratic Royalism, p. 105. There was no official count of attendance, and estimates vary. See Wolffe, Great Deaths, pp. 252–53.
137. Vincent, Crawford Papers, p. 155 (19 May 1910).
138. The Times, 13 May 1910.
139. Arthur Davidson to Arthur Bigge, 7 May 1910, in Kuhn, Democratic Royalism, p. 101.
140. Asquith, Autobiography, vol. 2, p. 140.
141. Ibid.
142. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 141.
143. St. Aubyn, Edward VII, p. 477.
144. The Times, 21 May 1910. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 628.
145. Vincent, Crawford Papers, p. 156 (20 May 1910).
146. The Times, 21 May 1910.
147. Vincent, Crawford Papers, pp. 155–56 (20 May 1910).
148. Ibid.
149. BL, Sidney Lee Papers, Add MS 56087A, fols. 1–3, George Saunders to Sidney Lee, 22 November 1911.
150. Leslie, Edwardians in Love, p. 340.
151. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, p. 27. See Wolffe, Great Deaths, pp. 247–48, for a more positive assessment of Norfolk’s role.
152. Asquith, Autobiography, vol. 2, p. 142. Kuhn, Democratic Royalism, p. 129.
153. Fitzroy, Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 142.
154. PRO Northern Ireland, D/4091/A/6/1, Schomberg McDonnell’s journal, “Edward VII,” May 1910, p. 47.
155. Holmes, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 644. The Times, 23 May 1910.
156. Pope-Hennessy, Queen Mary, p. 422.
157. Bodleian Library, MS Eng. d. 3208, Margot Asquith Diary, 20 May 1910.
158. Asquith, Autobiography, vol. 2, p. 143.
CONCLUSION
1. Owen Morshead, quoted in Lees-Milne, Harold Nicolson, vol. 2, p. 230.
2. Bodleian Library, MS Eng. d. 3206, Margot Asquith Diary, 20 June 1908.
3. Strachey’s review of Sidney Lee’s Edward VII in Daily Mail, 11 October 1927, cited in Hardie, Political Influence of the British Monarchy, p. 115.
4. Logan Pearsall Smith, Afterthoughts (Cassell, 1931), p. 34. Rose, George V, p. 303.
5. McLean, Royalty and Diplomacy, p. 138.
6. Cannadine, “The Last Hanoverian Sovereign?,” pp. 156–57. Peter Clarke, Hope and Glory: Britain 1900–1990 (Penguin Books, 1997), pp. 34, 36.
7. Heffer, Power, pp. 2–3, 304.
8. I am indebted to Bogdanor, Monarchy and the Constitution, pp. 32–41.
9. Lord Fisher, Memories (Hodder and Stoughton, 1919), p. 3.
10. Esher quoted in Hibbert, Edward VII, p. 205.
11. RA GV/GG9/76, Arthur Davidson to Dighton Probyn, 15 September 1912. RA GV/GG9/82, Davidson to Probyn, 4 October 1912.
12. Alexander Mikhailovich, Grand Duke of Russia, Always a Grand Duke (Royalty Digest, 1995), pp. 202–3.
13. Battiscombe, Queen Alexandra, p. 274.
14. Quoted in Leslie, Edwardians in Love.
15. Rose, George V, p. 291.
16. Author interview, Mrs. Maud Hutton-Attenborough, née Ponsonby, 8 March 2004.
17. T. E. Lawrence, The Mint (Cape, 1973).
18. RA VIC/Add A21/159, Alix to Bertie, Duke of York, 15 March 1921.
AFTERWORD: BERTIE AND THE BIOGRAPHERS
1. RA VIC/Z505/11, QV to Alice, 12 January 1875.
2. Ponsonby, Three Reigns, pp. 67–70.
3. RA VIC/Add C07/2/S, Fleetwood Edwards to Lord Knollys, 24 February 1901.
4. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Robin Mackworth-Young to Philip Magnus, 5 July 1963. See Dennison, Last Princess, pp. 216–23.
5. Theodore Martin, Queen Victoria as I Knew Her (William Blackwood, 1908), pp. 143–46.
6. RA VIC/W41/2, Lord Esher to Lord Knollys, 14 October 1907.
7. Churchill Archives Centre, Esher Papers, ESHR/11/3, Lord Knollys to Lord Esher, 21 December 1903.
8. Benson Diary, 20 November 1903, in Ward, “Editing Queen Victoria,” p. 305.
9. RA VIC/W39/41, B’s note on Lord Esher to Lord Knollys, 3 April 1904.
10. Benson Diary, 17, 23 May, 25 June 1904, in Ward, “Editing Queen Victoria,” pp. 149–50, 190.
11. See ibid., pp. 294–96.
12. RA VIC/Add C07/1/9, Lord Esher to Lord Knollys, 17 August 1905.
13. Ward, “Editing Queen Victoria,” p. 264.
14. Lord Knollys to Lord Esher, 25 August 1906, in ibid., p. 267.
15. Ibid., p. 285.
16. Ibid., p. 322.
17. Churchill Archives Centre, Esher Papers, ESHR/11/3, Arthur Bigge to Lord Esher, 22 August 1906.
18. RA VIC/W41/37, B’s note, 28 March 1908. RA VIC/W41/36, Lord Esher to B, 23 March 1908.
19. Robin Mackworth-Young, “The Royal Archives, Windsor Castle,” Archives, vol. 13 (1978), p. 120.
20. RA GV/GG9/439, Lord Esher to Frederick Ponsonby, 19 April 1914.
21. Fitzroy, Memoirs, vol. 1, pp. 166–67 (16 November 1903).
22. RA VIC/W64/8, B’s note, 23 November 1904.
23. RA VIC/W41/5, Lord Knollys to Lord Rothschild, 28 October 1907.
24. RA VIC/X33/336, Lord Rothschild to Lord Knollys, 31 October 1907.
25. RA VIC/X33/337, Lord Esher to Lord Knollys, 1 November 1907.
26. Mackworth-Young, “Royal Archives,” p. 122.
27. Brett, Journals and Letters, vol. 2, p. 256 (16 November 1907). Mackworth-Young, “Royal Archives,” p. 123. Magnus, Edward VII, p. 462.
28. Reid, Ask Sir James, pp. 227–28.
29. RA VIC/Add C07/2/P, B to Lord Minto, 17 March 1909 (copy).
30. Magnus, Edward VII, p. 461.
31. Rose, George V, pp. 140–41.
32. Lord Knollys to George, 14 February 1913, in Magnus, Edward VII, p. 461.
33. Ibid.
34. RA GV/GG9/76, Arthur Davidson to Dighton Probyn, 15 September 1912.
35. RA GV/GG9/476, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 12 May 1914. RA GV/GG9/527, Ponsonby to Davidson, 16 July 1914.
36. Eckardstein quoted in Mackworth-Young, “Royal Archives,” p. 124.
37. Cited in Magnus, Edward VII, p. 462.
38. Carolyn W. White, “The Biographer and Edward VII: Sir Sidney Lee and the Embarrassments of Royal Biography,” Victorian Studies, vol. 27 (1984), pp. 301–19.
39. “Edward VII,” Dictionary of National Biography: Supplement 1901–1911 (Smith, Elder, 1912), pp. 606–7.
40. RA GV/GG9/58, Arthur Davidson to Alix, 10 September 1912. RA GV/GG9/76, Davidson to Dig
hton Probyn, 15 September 1912.
41. RA GV/GG9/27, Lord Esher to Arthur Davidson, 28 July 1912.
42. RA GV/GG9/58, Arthur Davidson to Alix, 10 September 1912.
43. RA GV/GG9/39b, Arthur Davidson to Lord Knollys, 23 August 1912.
44. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Owen Morshead to Philip Magnus, 7 April 1964.
45. RA GV/GG9/64, Dighton Probyn to Lord Knollys, 13 September 1912.
46. Churchill Archives Centre, Esher Papers, ESHR/6/4, Alix to Lord Esher, 29 September 1912.
47. RA GV/GG9/82, Arthur Davidson to Dighton Probyn, 4 October 1912.
48. RA GV/GG9/114, Alix to Dighton Probyn, telegram, 22 October 1912.
49. RA GV/GG9/140, Alix to Dighton Probyn, 25 October 1912.
50. RA GV/GG9/175a, Davidson to Dighton Probyn, 16 November 1912.
51. RA GV/GG9/165, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 8 November 1912.
52. RA GV/GG9/172A, Arthur Davidson to Lord Knollys, 12 November 1912. RA GV/GG9/171, H. H. Asquith to Arthur Davidson, 11 November 1912.
53. RA GV/GG9/139, Davidson’s Note, 25 October 1912.
54. BL, Balfour Papers, Add MS 49685, fols. 147–53, Short to Davidson, 4 November 1912. I am indebted to Professor R. J. Q. Adams for this reference.
55. RA GV/GG9/183, Arthur Davidson to Dighton Probyn, 3 December 1912.
56. BL, Sidney Lee Papers, Add MSS 56087A, Lee’s Notes of Conversation with Balfour, 24 November 1911.
57. RA GV/GG9/183, Arthur Davidson to Dighton Probyn, 3 December 1912.
58. RA GV/GG9/184, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 4 December 1912.
59. RA GV/GG9/338, Arthur Balfour to Arthur Davidson, 13 December 1913.
60. RA GV/GG9/183, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 3 December 1912.
61. DNB: Supplement, p. 603.
62. RA GV/GG9/183, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 3 December 1912.
63. RA GV/GG9/253, Davidson’s Note on Interview with Morley and Lee, 1 July 1913. RA GV/GG9/258, Arthur Davidson to Lord Knollys, 4 July 1913.
64. RA GV/GG9/258, Arthur Davidson to Lord Knollys, 4 July 1913.
65. White, “The Biographer,” p. 312.
66. RA GV/GG9/447, Sidney Lee to Lord Knollys, 12 July 1913. RA GV/GG9/447, Lee to Ponsonby, 11 May 1914.
67. RA GV/GG9/429, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 7 April 1914.
68. RA GV/GG9/512, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 15 June 1914.
69. BL, Balfour Papers, Add MS 49685, Frederick Ponsonby to J. S. Sandars, 1 August 1914.
70. Ibid.
71. RA GV/GG9/516, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 20 June 1914. RA GV/GG9/518, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 20 June 1914.
72. RA GV/GG9/465, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 5 May 1914.
73. RA GV/GG9/539, Note by Davidson, 8 October 1914.
74. See Theo Lang, My Darling Daisy (Michael Joseph, 1966). Blunden, Countess of Warwick, pp. 236–44.
75. RA PS/GV/O/479B/4, Blanche Gordon-Lennox to Lord Stamfordham, 2 July 1914.
76. RA GV/GG9/527, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 16 July 1914.
77. RA PS/GV/O/479B/23, Memo by Charles Russell for Stamfordham, 21 July 1914.
78. RA PS/GV/O/479B/36, Charles Russell’s Report, 30 July 1914.
79. H. H. Asquith to Venetia Stanley, 13 February 1915, in H. H. Asquith: Letters to Venetia Stanley, ed. Michael and Eleanor Brock (Oxford University Press, 1982), pp. 428–29.
80. RA PS/GV/O/479B/48, Charles Russell to Lord Stamfordham, 2 March 1915.
81. RA PS/GV/O/479B/52, Stamfordham’s Note, 17 June 1915. RA PS/GV/O/479B/55, Stamfordham’s Note, n.d. [c. 29 June 1915].
82. RA PS/GV/O/479B/54, Affidavit by Lady Warwick [1915]. See RA PS/GV/O/479B/53, Lady Warwick to Lord Stamfordham, 23 June 1915.
83. RA PS/GV/O/479B/61, Alice Keppel to Frederick Ponsonby, n.d. [1921].
84. Lang, My Darling Daisy, p. 186.
85. RA PS/GV/O/479B/63, Lord Stamfordham to George, 5 January 1921. RA GV/O/479B/48A, Lady Warwick to solicitors Langton and Passmore, 26 February 1915.
86. Lees-Milne, Esher, p. 347.
87. RA PS/GV/O/479B/71, Stamfordham’s Note for George V, 8 December 1927.
88. RA GV/GG9/552, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 29 April 1920.
89. RA GV/GG9/556, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 16 July 1920. RA GV/GG9/570, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 1 August 1920.
90. Robert Faber and Brian Harrison, “The Dictionary of National Biography: A Publishing History,” in Lives in Print, ed. Robin Myers, Michael Harris and Giles Mandelbrote (Oak Knoll Press and BL, 2002), pp. 174–75.
91. RA GV/GG9/514, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 16 June 1914.
92. RA GV/GG9/492, Admiral John Fisher to Frederick Ponsonby, n.d. [May 1914].
93. BL, Sidney Lee Papers, Add MSS 56087A, fol. 121, Frederick Ponsonby to Sidney Lee, 5 September 1920.
94. RA GV/GG9/868, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 16 May 1922.
95. RA GV/GG9/568, John Fortescue to Frederick Ponsonby, 24 July 1920.
96. RA GV/GG9/623, Arthur Davidson to Sidney Lee, 9 November 1920.
97. RA GV/GG9/629, Arthur Davidson to Frederick Ponsonby, 12 November 1920.
98. RA GV/GG9/707, Charles Hardinge to Lord Stamfordham, 20 January 1921.
99. RA GV/GG9/909, Lord Stamfordham to Frederick Ponsonby, 29 November 1922.
100. RA GV/GG9/631, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 13 November 1920.
101. RA GV/GG9/913, Frederick Ponsonby to Lord Rosebery, 15 December 1922. RA GV/GG9/924, Ponsonby to Lee, 19 December 1922. Lee, Edward VII, vol. 1, pp. 216–17.
102. RA GV/GG9/1032, Frederick Ponsonby to H. H. Asquith, 18 November 1924.
103. RA GV/GG9/1062 [Stamfordham’s Memo for Ponsonby], 11 April [1925].
104. BL, Sidney Lee Papers, Add MSS 56087A, fol. 114, Lytton Strachey to Sidney Lee, 31 December 1918.
105. RA GV/GG9/1048, Ponsonby’s memo to Stamfordham, 16 February 1925. RA GV/ GG9/1049, Stamfordham’s memo to Ponsonby, 16 February 1925. Here Stamfordham says: “Would it not be unusual for a personal presentation. It would be a pity to associate the King too much with the work, especially as, unless I am mistaken, a predominant note in it will be, disparagement of Queen Victoria.”
106. RA GV/GG9/1170, Lionel Cust to Frederick Ponsonby, 3 November 1927.
107. RA GV/GG9/833, Frederick Ponsonby to Arthur Davidson, 8 September 1921. White, “The Biographer,” p. 315.
108. RA GV/GG9/1091, Frederick Macmillan to Frederick Ponsonby, 23 February 1926.
109. RA GV/GG9/1170, Lionel Cust to Frederick Ponsonby, 3 November 1927. White, “The Biographer,” p. 115.
110. Lee, Edward VII, vol. 2, p. 408.
111. David Cannadine, “From Biography to History: Writing the Modern British Monarchy,” Historical Research, vol. 77 (2004), p. 295.
112. King’s Counsellor: The Diaries of Sir Alan Lascelles, ed. Duff Hart-Davis (Phoenix, 2007), pp. 72–73.
113. Wheeler-Bennett quoted in Cannadine, “From Biography to History,” p. 296.
114. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Robin Mackworth-Young to Philip Magnus, 6 April 1960, and 7 December 1960.
115. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Robin Mackworth-Young to Philip Magnus, 10 September 1958, 27 May 1960, and 10 October 1961.
116. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Robert Blake to Philip Magnus, 20 May 1962 and 27 August 1962.
117. Colin Matthew, “Philip Magnus,” ODNB. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Hugh Trevor-Roper to Philip Magnus, 21 November 1960 and 30 March 1961.
118. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Philip Magnus to his mother, Mrs. Magnus, 3 May 1959.
119. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Mrs. Magnus to Philip Magnus, 28 November 1960.
120. Char
les Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Elliott B. Macrae to Philip Magnus, 17 February 1960.
121. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Mrs. Magnus to Philip Magnus, 29 August 1960.
122. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Mrs. Magnus to Philip Magnus, 18 November 1961.
123. Charles Sebag-Montefiore Archive, Philip Magnus Papers, Philip Magnus to Mrs. Magnus, 24 August 1962.
124. The Observer, 15 March 1964.
BY JANE RIDLEY
The Letters of Edwin Lutyens
to His Wife Lady Emily
(ed. with Clayre Percy)
Fox Hunting: A History
The Letters of Arthur Balfour
and Lady Elcho, 1885–1917
(ed. with Clayre Percy)
Young Disraeli
The Architect and His Wife:
A Life of Edwin Lutyens
The Heir Apparent:
A Life of Edward VII,
the Playboy Prince
About the Author
JANE RIDLEY is professor of history at the University of Buckingham in England, where she teaches a course on biography. Her previous biographies include The Young Disraeli and The Architect and His Wife: A Life of Edwin Lutyens, which won the prestigious Duff Cooper Prize. A Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, Ridley writes book reviews for The Spectator and other newspapers, and has also appeared in several television and radio documentaries. She lives in London and Scotland.
