by Tom Clancy
Snorkel: Device used by a submarine to draw air from the surface while remaining submerged. This allows a diesel submarine to recharge its batteries or all submarines to ventilate while remaining under water.
Sonobuoy: A small, air-dropped sonar device designed to detect submarines and transmit their data back to the aircraft.
Spruance (DD 963): Large class of anti-submarine destroyers operated by the U.S. Navy. Top speed: 33 knots. Length: 563 feet, 2 inches. Displacement: 8,040 full load. Major weapons: Harpoon, Tomahawk, and ASROC (anti-submarine rocket). Also carries two LAMPS helicopters.
SQR-19: Tactical towed array sonar carried by several types of U.S. Navy warship.
SSBN: Nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine.
SSIXS: Submarine satellite information exchange system. Satellite system through which the U.S. Navy and its submarines can communicate.
SSK: Diesel-electric attack submarine.
SSN: Nuclear-powered attack submarine.
SSXBT: A submarine expendable bathythermograph device used to measure water temperature at varying depths.
Sturgeon (SSN 637): U.S. nuclear attack submarine class. Predates the Los Angeles class. Top speed: 30 knots submerged. Length: 292 feet. Displacement: 4,780 tons submerged. Major weapons: four 21-inch torpedo tubes.
SU-27: Highly advanced Russian air defense fighter. Operated by Russia, China, and other nations.
SUBGRU: Submarine group.
Submarine Tender: A ship designed to provide support to submarines, including logistical support and small repairs.
SUBRON: Submarine squadron.
TB-16: U.S. Navy submarine towed array. The array is 240-feet long and is towed at the end of a 2,600-foot cable. The array is stored in a shroud on the starboard side.
TB-23: U.S. Navy submarine thin line array. The array is four times longer than the TB-16 and housed in the submarine’s ballast tank.
TERCOM: Terrain contour matching. One of several missile guidance/navigation systems used in the Tomahawk cruise missile.
TEST-71: Russian 53cm, submarine-launched, active/ passive, wire-guided ASW homing torpedo.
Third Fleet: U.S. Navy fleet responsible for operations in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Headquarters: San Diego, California.
Ticonderoga (CG-47): The most powerful class of cruisers in the world, operated by the U.S. Navy. Fitted with the Aegis air defense system. Top speed: 30+ knots. Length: 567 feet. Displacement: approximately 9,500 tons full load. Major weapons: Harpoon, Tomahawk, and SM-2 missiles. Also carries 2 LAMPS helicopters.
TMA: Target motion analysis. The process of determining a target’s course, speed, and range in order to direct a weapon in its direction.
Tomahawk: Family of long-range cruise missiles used by the U.S. Navy. Several variants exist: TASM (antiship variant), TLAM-N (nuclear land attack variant), TLAM-C (conventional land attack version with high explosive warhead), and TLAM-D (conventional land attack with bomblets).
Trafalgar Class: Advanced class of British Royal Naval SSN. Batch 1 is in service, batch 2 is planned for the next century. Data for batch 1—Top speed: 32 knots submerged. Length: 280.1 feet. Displacement: 5,208 tons submerged. Major weapons: five 21-inch torpedo tubes.
Type 2: Optics-only attack periscope carried on board U.S. submarines.
Type 18: Search periscope carried on board U.S. SSNs. Also contains still and video camera systems as well as ESM and communications receivers.
Typhoon: This Russian nuclear ballistic missile submarine is the world’s largest. The Typhoon is constructed of titanium with a double hull, making it extremely difficult to kill. Top speed: 25 knots submerged. Length: 560 feet, 11 inches. Displacement: 25,000 tons submerged. Major weapons: six torpedo tubes (65cm and 53cm) and twenty SS-N-20 SLBMs.
UHF: Ultra high frequency radio band.
Underwater Telephone: Device that allows two submarines to communicate verbally with each other while submerged and in close proximity to one another. Also allows submerged submarines to communicate verbally with nearby surface ships.
VHF: Very high frequency radio band.
VLF: Very low frequency radio band.
VLS: Vertical launch system used to launch missiles from warships and submarines.
WAA: Wide aperture array. Advanced sonar system, fitted to the Seawolf submarine, employing passive sensors to rapidly determine the location of targets and give more accurate target range and tracking data.
WLR-9: Acoustic intercept receiver. This system is used to alert the crew of a submarine if someone is using active sonar against them.
Ying Ji (YJ-1 and YJ-2): Chinese antiship missiles with a range of over twenty (YJ-1) and sixty (YJ-2) nautical miles.
Z-9 Harbin: Chinese version of the French SA-365 Dauphin II helicopter. Used for ASW. Some Z-9s carry the French HS-12 dipping sonar.
Bibliography
Baker III, A.D. The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World, 1995. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1995.
Clancy, Tom. Submarine. New York: Berkley Books, 1993.
Francillon, Rene J. The Naval Institute Guide to World Military Aviation 1995. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1995.
Friedman, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapons Systems 1991/92. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1991.
Friedman, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapons Systems 1994 Update. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1994.
Friedman, Norman. Naval Radar. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1981.
Friedman, Norman. U.S. Naval Weapons. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1988.
Hooten, E.R., ed. Jane’s Naval Weapon Systems. Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1996.
Jackson, Paul, ed. Jane’s All the World’s Aircraft 1995-96. Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1995.
Lennox, Duncan, ed. Jane’s Air Launched Weapons. Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1996.
Lennox, Duncan, ed. Jane’s Strategic Weapon Systems. Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1996.
Miller, David, and John Jordan. Modern Submarine Warfare. New York: Military Press, 1987.
Noel, Jr., John V., and Edward L. Beach. Naval Terms Dictionary. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1988.
Polmar, Norman; Mark Warren; and Eric Wertheim. Dictionary of Military Abbreviations. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1994.
Polmar, Norman, and Jurrien Noot. Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies 1718–1990. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1991.
Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet, Fifteenth Edition. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1993.
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Sharpe, Richard, ed. Jane’s Fighting Ships 1995-96. Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1995.
Thomas, Jr., Vincent C., ed. The Almanac of Seapower 1996. Arlington, VA: Navy League of the US, 1996.
Vego, Milan. Soviet Naval Tactics. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1992.
Watts, Anthony J., ed. Jane’s Underwater Warfare Systems 1995-96. Surrey, UK: Jane’s Information Group, 1995.
Journals:
Defense News
Jane’s Defence Systems Modernisation
Jane’s Defence Weekly
Jane’s Intelligence Review
Jane’s International Defence Review
Jane’s Navy International
Naval Institute Proceedings
Navy Times
Seapower Magazine
The Submarine Review
CD-ROM:
Jane’s CD-ROM Electronic Library 1995-96
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