by Sam Willis
British fleet, 16, 317
compared with Copenhagen, 328
dispatches, 24
French casualties, 318
French fleet, 317–18
French losses, 9, 329
signals, 325
Santa Cruz, 154
Sapenack, Alexander, 319
Sardinia, 166
Saumarez, Captain James, 26, 288
and Battle of St Vincent, 93, 107, 110–11
and Battle of the Nile, 110, 177, 194
relationship with Nelson, 13, 110, 177
Sconce, Robert, 311
Scott, Rev. John, 238–9
scurvy, 249
seafarers’ missions, 240
Second Coalition, 172, 208–9
Secretaries of the Admiralty, 21–4
Selim III, Sultan, 171
Selsey Bill, 124
semaphore, 239
Sevastopol, 171
Seven Years War, 10, 35–7, 86, 123, 214, 241, 336
sextants, 301–2
Seymour, Lord Hugh, 319
Seymour, Lieutenant, 319
ships
British superiority in, 153, 249, 318, 335
classes of, 16–17, 25, 135, 180, 238, 310
French, 249, 284, 310, 318
Spanish, 85, 102, 249, 284
speed of, 267
strengthening of, 248
shipwreck, 12
short coats, 150
Sicily, 166–8
sickness and disease, 12, 17, 51, 249
see also malaria; typhus
Sierra de Guadarrama, 83
signals, 57–8, 93, 132–3, 233, 267
homograph system, 239
Nelson’s at Trafalgar, 12, 254
Skaw, the, 215, 218
Smith, George, 239–40
smugglers, 18
Snodgrass, Gabriel, 248
Snow Harris, William, 161
Sonning, 286
Spain
alliance with Britain, 288, 290
alliance with French Republic, 83–4
Napoleonic alliance, 288, 297, 302
Napoleon’s invasion, 288, 335
Wellington’s victories in, 332
Spanish navy, 85–6, 103, 110, 112, 249–50, 297–8
officers, 284–5
Spanish ships
Algeciras, 280–1
Bahama, 295
El Rayo, 284–5
Neptuno, 284
Pelayo, 285
Principe de Asturias, 284
Real Carlos, 247
Salvador del Mundo, 94
San Hermenegildo, 247
San Ildefonso, 295
San José, 93, 98, 101
San Juan, 338
San Nicolas, 93, 98, 101, 109
San Ysidro, 94
Santa Ana, 280, 284
Santissima Trinidad, 102, 110–11, 275, 284–5, 310
Spencer, Earl, 85, 97, 99, 124, 173, 175, 215, 248, 305
Spicer, Lieutenant, 97
Spithead mutiny, 87, 112, 121–2
splinters, 76, 107, 146, 338
Spratt, James, 239
steamships, 8, 335
Stephens, Philip, 22–3, 94, 342–3
Stewart, Colonel William, 233, 241
Stockham, Lieutenant John, 279
Stopford, Captain Robert, 308
Strachan, Admiral Richard, 261, 281, 286, 293–7, 303
Straits of Gibraltar, 90
Stricker, Governor, 226
Stricker, Lieutenant, 237
Suckling, William, 108
surgeons, 146–8
surgical procedures, 146–7
Sweden (Swedes), 210, 212, 217, 228, 242, 336
Swedish navy, 211–12, 285
Switzerland, 209, 242
swords, officers’, 246
système de classes, 36
Tagus, River, 11, 108
Teignmouth, 239
telegraph, 336
telescopes, 90, 233
Tell, William, 181
Tenerife, 154
Texel, River, 11, 20, 123, 125–6
Thermopylae, Battle of, 221
Thesiger, Frederick, 214
Third Coalition, 297
Thompson, Sir Charles, 13, 92–3
Thompson, Sir Thomas Boulden, 222, 233
thrumming, 190
Times, The, 286
Tiverton, 286
Tobago, 330
Tomlinson, Nicholas, 214
Tone, Wolfe, 121
Torbay, 20, 303
Toulon, 20, 165–7, 249
French surrender, 10–11, 32–3, 120, 162, 214
Tower of London, 6, 207
Trafalgar, Battle of, 243–98
Allied casualties, 280
Allied fleet, 25
Allied losses, 9, 260–1, 280–5, 295, 297
Allied officers, 285–6
Allied prisoners, 286–90
battle space, 270
bicentenary of, 245
British casualties, 72, 275–80
British fleet, 17, 25, 253
British order of battle, 264–70
British tactics, 128, 253–5, 264–6, 268
captains’ conduct, 13–14
and chronology of battles, 247
French prisoners, 273
last known veteran, 338
loss of prize money, 281
Nelson’s preparations, 253–4
Nelson’s pursuit, 252–3, 304, 307
Nelson’s signal, 12, 254
relics, 245–6
Spanish officers, 284–5
Strachan’s action, 293–5
subsequent storm, 261, 270, 273, 275, 280–1
targeting of officers, 277
Victory list of wounded, 145
Trafalgar Square, 111, 340
Treaty of San Ildefonso, 84, 88
Trekoner battery, 212
Trinidad, 330
Tristan da Cunha, 330
Trollope, Sir Henry, 122, 125–6, 132, 136
Trompe, Maarten, 120
troopships, 153, 168
Troubridge, Captain Thomas, 93, 97, 177–8, 190, 215, 239
Tsushima, Battle of, 336
Tuileries Palace, 203
Turkish (Ottoman) navy, 172, 203, 335
Turks Islands, 164
Turner, J. M. W., 8, 267
typhus, 72, 78, 163
Ulm, Battle of, 171, 297
Ushant, Battle of, 16, 86, 307
Utrecht, 119
Valdes, Don Cayetano, 284
Valetta, 166–7, 209
Vansittart, Nicholas, 218–19
Vanstabel, Admiral Pierre-Jean, 38–9, 42, 79
Versailles, 83
Victoria, Queen, 338
Vienna, 162, 173
Villaret, Admiral Comte, 17, 20, 32–3, 36, 38–9, 42, 56, 162
Villeneuve, Admiral Pierre-Charles, 180, 252–3, 255, 286
Waal, River, 119
Wager, Admiral Charles, 288
Walcheren, 297
Walker, Captain James, 137–8, 150–2, 237
Walpole, Horace, 35
War of American Independence, 10, 16, 33–7, 86, 123, 136–7, 162, 211, 214, 241, 285, 306, 335–6
War of 1812, 335
War of the Austrian Succession, 36, 86, 336
War of the Spanish Succession, 336
Ward, John (‘Shiloh’), 240
Warren, Admiral John, 303
Washington, George, 202
Watson, Dr William, 160
Wellington, Duke of, 332
West Indies, 4, 86, 120, 123–4, 164, 329
Westcott, Captain, 177
Westminster Abbey, 68
Willaumez, Admiral Jean-Baptiste, 303, 308–9, 328–9
William the Conqueror, 207
William IV, King, 136
William V, Stadtholder, 119–20
Williams, Captain Thomas, 140
Williamson, Captain John, 13, 132, 138, 178
Willis, Derek, 338
Windham, William, 99
Winthuysen, Admiral Xavier Francisco, 99
Wolfe, General James, 86
women, 107, 291, 338
World Ship Trust, 295
Yarmouth, 6, 17, 20, 122, 125–6, 136, 150, 215
Young, Robert, 147
1. The volume of dispatches.
2. Silk banner belonging to the boarding division of the French 74-gunner L’Amerique, captured on 1 June, 1794.
3. Portrait of Admiral Richard Howe by John Singleton Copley, 1794.
4. ‘The Brunswick and Le Vengeur after the Action on the First of June, 1794. The first totally disabled, the latter dismasted, water-logged and sinking’. Painted by Nicholas Pocock, engraved by R. Pollard and J. Widnell.
5. Portrait of John Jervis as a young captain by Gilbert Stuart, c. 1782–7.
6. La Granja de San Ildefonso, Segovia, Spain.
7. ‘Horatio Nelson boarding the San Nicolas in the victory off Cape St Vincent, 1797’ by W. M. Thomas, c. 1800.
8. Fragment of the naval ensign of the Batavian Republic (1795–1806).
9. ‘Duncan receiving the surrender of de Winter at the Battle of Camperdown, 11 October 1797’ by Daniel Orme, 1797. A dull composition, but the portraits of Duncan and the members of his crew were taken from life by Orme, a skilled portrait painter, shortly after the battle. It is an eerie and accurate snapshot of the British North Sea fleet.
10. Lightning conductor from the Royal masthead of the French flagship L’Orient.
11. Portrait of Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson, attributed to Guy Head, c. 1800. Nelson, blood dripping from his head wound, is depicted at the moment that L’Orient exploded.
12. ‘The Battle of the Nile’ by Nicholas Pocock, c. 1808. The painting shows the start of the action, at about 6.30 p.m., looking north-west across Aboukir Bay. Nelson’s fleet, led by the Goliath, is in the process of doubling the anchored French line.
13. Alexander Davison’s Nile Medal, showing the British fleet going into action.
14. Portrait of Sir Hyde Parker by James Wallace.
15. ‘The Battle of Copenhagen, 2 April 1801’ by Nicholas Pocock.
16. Nelson’s pigtail.
17. Portrait of Rear-Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood by Henry Howard.
18. ‘The Death of Nelson’ by William Arthur Devis, 1807. The painting depicts the scene in the cockpit on the Victory as Nelson lay dying and features accurate portraiture of the men who cared for him as he died.
19. Duckworth’s sextant. The index arm is inscribed: ‘Once the Property of Admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth, K.C.B., Bart. of Wear, B. 1748, D. 1817’.
20. Portrait of Admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth by Sir William Beechey.
21. ‘Duckworth’s action off San Domingo, 6 February 1806’ by Nicholas Pocock, 1808. The large ship right of centre, with her mizzenmast falling, is the 120-gun L’Imperial, engaging Duckworth’s 74-gun Superb.
