The Husband Hunters

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by Anne de Courcy


  I would also like to say how much I owe to Bea Hemming, who was my editor for so much of this book, to thank Linden Lawson for her copy-editing skills; and to express my gratitude to Alan Samson for his help and kindnesses and to thank Holly Harley and everyone at Weidenfeld & Nicolson who worked on it, and of course, Isobel Dixon, my agent and friend.

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

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  Ashenburg, Katherine, The Dirt on Clean (North Point Press, 2007)

  Auchincloss, Louis, Maverick in Mauve: The Diary of Florence Adèle Sloane (Doubleday & Co., 1983)

  Balsan, Consuelo Vanderbilt, The Glitter and the Gold (Harper & Brothers, 1953)

  Banks, Elizabeth L., Campaigns of Curiosity: Journalistic Adventures of an American Girl in London (University of Wisconsin Press, 2003)

  Bibby, E. K., Making the American Aristocracy: Women, Cultural Capital, and High Society in New York City, 1870–1900 (Digital Library and Archives, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)

  Blumenfeld, R. D., R. D. B.’s Diary, 1887–1914 (William Heinemann, 1930)

  Blunt, Wilfrid Scawen, My Diaries (William Heinemann, 1953)

  Brandon, Ruth, The Dollar Princesses (Alfred A. Knopf, 1980)

  Buchan, Alice, A Scrap Screen (Hamish Hamilton, 1979)

  Burke Roche, Mary, Call Me Maurice: The Life and Times of Lord Fermoy (1885–1955) (ELSP, 2008)

  Burnett, John (ed.), Useful Toil (Allen Lane, 1974)

  Cahill, Kevin, Who Owns Britain (Canongate, 2001)

  Camplin, Jamie, The Rise of the Plutocrats: Wealth and Power in Edwardian England (Constable, 1978)

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  Collier, Price, America and the Americans from a French Point of View (William Heinemann, 1897)

  Cooper, Nicholas, The Opulent Eye: Late Victorian and Edwardian Taste in Interior Design (Architectural Press, 1976)

  Cowles, Virginia, Edward VII and his Circle (Hamish Hamilton, 1956)

  Crook, J. Mordaunt, The Rise of the Nouveaux Riches (John Murray, 1999)

  Dakers, Caroline, Clouds: The Biography of a Country House (Yale University Press, 1993)

  Darwin, M. F., One Moral Standard for All (Caulon Press, 191–?)

  Davidoff, Leonore, The Best Circles: Society, Etiquette and the Season (Croom Helm, 1973)

  De Castellane, Boni, How I Discovered America: Confessions of the Marquis Boni de Castellane (Alfred A. Knopf, 1924)

  Decies, Lady, King Lehr and the Gilded Age (J. B. Lippincott, 1935)

  De La Haye, Amy, and Mendes, Valerie D., The House of Worth: Portrait of an Archive (V & A Publishing, 2014)

  De Marly, Diana, Worth: Father of Haute Couture (Elm Tree Books, 1980)

  Eliot, Elizabeth, They All Married Well (Cassell, 1960)

  Escott, T. H. S:, Society in London (Chatto & Windus, 1885)

  Fane, Lady Augusta, Chit-chat (Thornton Butterworth, 1926)

  Fielding, Daphne, Emerald and Nancy (Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1968)

  Frewen, Moreton, Melton Mowbray and Other Memories (Herbert Jenkins, 1926)

  Gabin, Jane S., American Women in Gilded Age London (University Press of Florida, 2006)

  Gere, Charlotte, and Rudoe, Judy, Jewellery in the Age of Queen Victoria (The British Museum Press, 2010)

  Glyn, Elinor, Romantic Adventure (Ivor Nicholson & Watson, 1936)

  Good, V. K. L., The Warren House Tales: A Social History since 1865 (Third Millennium Publishing, 2013)

  Gordon, Lois, Nancy Cunard: Heiress, Muse, Political Idealist (Columbia University Press, 2007)

  Hickman, Katie, Courtesans (HarperCollins, 2003)

  Horn, Pamela, Labouring Life in the Victorian Countryside (Gill & Macmillan, 1976)

  Horn, Pamela, High Society: The English Social Élite, 1880–1914 (Alan Sutton, 1992)

  Hoyt, Edwin P., The Vanderbilts and their Fortunes (Frederick Muller, 1963)

  Hoyt, Edwin P., The Goulds: A Social History (Weybright & Talley, 1969)

  Hutto, Richard Jay, Crowning Glory (Henchard Press, 2007)

  Jackson, Lee, Dirty Old London: The Victorian Fight Against Filth (Yale University Press, 2014)

  Kaplan, Justin, When the Astors Owned New York (Viking, 2006)

  King, Greg, The Court of Mrs Astor in Gilded Age New York (Wiley, 2009)

  Johnston, Johanna, Mrs Satan: The Incredible Saga of Victoria C. Woodhull (Macmillan, 1967)

  Lambert, Angela, Unquiet Souls (Macmillan, 1984)

  Ledoux, Kate Reid, Ocean Notes and Foreign Travel for Ladies (printed by J. W. Pratt, 1878)

  Lee, Celia and John, The Churchills: A Family Portrait (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010)

  Leslie, Anita, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill (Hutchinson, 1969)

  Logan, Andy, The Man Who Robbed the Robber Barons (W. W. Norton, 1965)

  Lucy, Mary Elizabeth, Mistress of Charlecote (Victor Gollancz, 1983)

  Lutyens, Lady Emily, A Blessed Girl: Memoirs of a Victorian Girlhood, 1887–96 (Rupert Hart-Davis, 1954)

  McAllister, Ward, Society As I Have Found It (Cassell, 1890)

  McLaren, Angus, Birth Control in Nineteenth-Century England (Croom Helm, 1978)

  MacPherson, Myra, The Scarlet Sisters (Twelve, 2014)

  Mackenzie Stuart, Amanda, Consuelo and Alva (HarperCollins, 2005)

  Mallet, Victor (ed.), Life with Queen Victoria: Marie Mallet’s Letters from Court 1887–1901 (John Murray, 1968)

  Moore, George (ed. Rupert Hart-Davis), Letters to Lady Cunard, 1895–1933 (Rupert Hart-Davis, 1957)

  Monkswell, Lady Mary (ed. Hon. E. C. F. Collier), A Victorian Diarist (John Murray, 1944)

  Murphy, Sophia, The Duchess of Devonshire’s Ball (Sidgwick & Jackson, 1984)

  Ponsonby, Sir Frederick, Recollections of Three Reigns (Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1951)

  Renehan, Edward J., Commodore: The Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt (Basic Books, 2007)

  Reynolds, K. D., Aristocratic Women and Political Society in Victorian Britain (Clarendon Press, Oxford 1998)

  Ribblesdale, Lady Emma, Letters and Diaries (The Chiswick Press, privately printed, 1930)

  Richards, J. M., With John Bull and Jonathan (T. Werner Laurie, 1905)

  St George, Andrew, The Descent of Manners (Chatto & Windus, 1993)

  Scarisbrick, Diana, Ancestral Jewels (André Deutsch, 1989)

  Sewell, Lt-Col. J. P. C. (ed.), Personal Letters of King Edward VII (Hutchinson & Co., 1931)

  Smalley, George W., London Letters, Volume II (Macmillan & Co., 1890)

  Smith, Joseph Aubin, Reminiscences of Saratoga; or, Twelve Seasons at the ‘States’ (Library of the University of California, 1897)

  Steinbach, Susie L., Understanding the Victorians: Politics, Culture and Society in Nineteenth-Century Britain (Routledge, 2012)

  Strange, Michael, Who Tells Me True (Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1940)

  Taylor, Lou, Mourning Dress (George Allen & Unwin, 1983)

  Titled Americans: The Real Heiresses’ Guide to Marrying an Aristocrat (The Hand-Book Library, 1890)

  Tweedsmuir, Susan, The Lilac and the Rose (Gerald Duckworth, 1952)

  Vanderbilt Jnr, Cornelius, The Vanderbilt Feud (Hutchinson, 1957)

  Walkley, Christine and Foster, Vanda, Crinolines and Crimping Irons: Victorian Clothes, How They Were Cleaned and Cared For (Peter Owen, 1978)

  Warren, Arthur, London Days (Little, Brown & Co., 1920)

  Wharton, Edith, The Age of Innocence (D. Appleton & Co, 1920)

  Wharton, Edith, A Backward Glance (D. Appleton-Century, 1934)

  Wharton, Edith, The Buccaneers (Penguin Books, 1993)

  Wilson, A. N., Victoria: A L
ife (Atlantic Books, 2014)

  Wood, Mary and Alan, Silver Spoon: The Memoirs of Lord Grantley, (Hutchinson, 1954)

  Manuscript Sources

  ‘Alva E. Belmont, a Forgotten Feminist’, PhD thesis of Peter Geidel, Columbia University, 1993.

  New York Historical Society holds Log Book and Visitors’ Book of the Valiant, saying who sailed on her, parties etc.

  ‘New York Has a Ball: The Bradley Martin Extravaganza’, by Robert Muccigrosso, New York History, Vol. 75, No. 3 (July 1994), pp. 297–320, published by New York State Historical Association.

  Iris Capell’s Myself When Young and Other Writings is a collection put together by her friends and printed by D. G. Seldon Printing, Ltd.

  Certain of the Coventry papers are at Worcester Archives.

  Lady de Grey letters are in the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre, Chippenham, Wiltshire.

  Letters from Edward VII to Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome) are in the Churchill College Library, Cambridge.

  The journals of Mary Theresa Leiter and Mary Leiter are at Chicago History Museum.

  Shane Leslie papers, Georgetown University, Washington DC.

  Lucy family archives, Warwickshire Record Office.

  Anna Robinson letters are in the Manuscripts and Archives Department of the Hagley Museum and Library, Delaware.

  The Isaac Sherman papers are at the Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  Edward Neufville Tailer’s diaries are in the library of the New York Historical Society.

  Alva Vanderbilt’s unpublished autobiography and the Sara Bard Field correspondence is in the C. E. S. Wood Papers, Manuscript Department of the Huntington Library.

  Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney’s letters and diary are in the Smithsonian, Washington.

  Edith Wharton papers, Beinecke Library, Yale University.

  Newspapers Consulted

  Chicago Sunday Sun, article by Dr Madison C. Peters, a New York divine, 3 April 1910

  Chicago Tribune, 16 August 1890

  Collier’s, 19 April 1947

  Daily Alta, California, 17 March 1884

  Lewiston Daily Sun, 20 January 1891

  New York Times, numerous issues

  Pittsburgh Daily Post, 15 July 1906

  San Francisco Chronicle, 21 September 1919

  Town Topics, weekly from 1885 to 1930, is available at the New York Public Library

  INDEX

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Acton, Dr William, Functions and Disorders of the Reproductive Organs

  actresses. See also courtesans; individual names

  Adam, Juliette

  Adeane, Marie

  Adirondack Mountains

  adultery

  agriculture

  Albany, Leopold, Duke of

  alcohol: champagne; rum

  Alen, James Van

  Alexandra House, London

  Alexandra, Queen (formerly Princess of Wales)

  Alva (Vanderbilt yacht)

  American Girl, The (musical)

  Articles of Amendment

  As We Were (Benson)

  Asquith family

  Asquith, Margot (née Tennant)

  Assembly balls

  Astor, Caroline (née Schermerhorn): and Alva Vanderbilt; annual ball; Bradley-Martin Ball; and Carrie (daughter); and Harry Lehr; husband’s infidelities; invitiations from; Knickerbocker society queen; ostentation; snubbed by Vanderbilts; and Ward McAllister; and William Astor

  Astor, Carrie. See Wilson, Carrie (née Astor)

  Astor family

  Astor III, John Jacob

  Astor, Jack

  Astor, Mary (Mamie) Waldorf (née Paul)

  Astor, Nancy

  Astor, William Backhouse

  Astor, William Waldorf

  Aylesford, Lady Edith

  Aylesford, Lord ‘Sporting Joe’

  Bailey’s Beach, Newport

  Bal Macaan, Scotland

  ‘Balaclava Charlie’ (Charles Bonynge)

  Balfour, Arthur

  balls, royal

  balls, society

  Banks, Elizabeth

  Baril, Maria de

  Baring, Cecil

  Bartels, John

  Bartels, Tennie. See Cook, Lady Tennie (née Claflin, formerly Bartels)

  bathrooms

  Batonyi, Count Aurel (Cohen)

  Beaulieu House, Newport

  Beecham, Sir Thomas

  Belgians, King of the

  Bellwood, Bessie

  Belmont, Alva. See Vanderbilt, Alva (née Erskine Smith, later Belmont)

  Belmont, August

  Belmont, Oliver

  Bennett Jnr, James Gordon

  Bennett Snr, James Gordon

  Benson, E. F., As We Were

  Bernhardt, Sarah

  Bertie, Lady Charlotte. See Guest, Lady Charlotte (née Bertie)

  Big Bonanza (mining)

  Black Friday (1869)

  Blandford, George Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of. See Marlborough, John, 7th Duke of

  Blenheim Palace

  Blood, Colonel Edmund

  Blood, Gertrude. See Campbell, Gertrude (née Blood), Lady Colin

  Blumenfeld, Ralph. D.

  ‘Bonanza Queen’ (Louise Mackay)

  Boni de Castellane. See de Castellane, ‘Boni,’ Comte

  Bonynge, Charles William: background; ‘Balaclava Charlie’; broker; and George Deerhurst; Truth magazine; and Virginia

  Bonynge family

  Bonynge, Rodie (née Stephens, formerly Daniel)

  Bonynge, Virginia. See Deerhurst, Lady Virginia (née Bonynge)

  Boston Evening Transcript

  Boston Symphony Orchestra

  Bouguereau, William-Adolphe

  Bowmont, Marquess of

  Bradley-Martin Ball

  Bradley-Martin, Cornelia. See Craven, Lady Cornelia (née Bradley-Martin)

  Bradley-Martin, Cornelia (née Sherman)

  Bradley-Martin family

  Bradley-Martin, Mr

  Bradley-Martin, Sherman

  Brady, ‘Diamond Jim’

  Brann, William Cowper

  Bretagne (ship)

  Brett, Sylvia

  Bridge (game)

  Britannia (yacht)

  British Raj

  Broadway

  Bruce, General Robert

  Brunswick Hotel, New York

  Bryant, Edmond

  Bryant, (Marie-)Louise. See Mackay, Louise (née Hungerford, formerly Bryant)

  Buccaneers, The (Wharton)

  Buckingham Gate, London

  Buckingham Palace

  Bulwer-Lytton, Lady, Emily

  Burden, Jay

  Burdett-Coutts, Angela

  Burdett-Coutts, William Lehman Ashmead Bartlett

  Burke family

  Burke, James

  Burke, Maud. See Cunard, Lady Maud (née Burke)

  Butler, William Allen

  Byron, Lord

  Café de la Mort, Paris

  Café Royal, London

  Cairns, Arthur William, Earl. See Garmoyle, Arthur, Lord

  Calvary Church, New York

  Cameron, Elizabeth

  Campbell, Gertrude (née Blood), Lady Colin

  Campbell, Lord Colin

  Canterbury, Archbishop of (John Morton)

  Capell, George, 7th Earl of Essex. See Essex, George, 7th Earl of

  Capell, Lady Iris Mary

  Carlile, Richard

  Carpentier, Horace

  carriages

  Cassiobury Park, Hertfordshire

  Castellane, Anna, (née Gould) Comtesse de

  Castellane, ‘Boni,’ Comte de

  Castellane, Marquis de

  Castlereagh, Lord

  Cavendish, Lady Moyra

  C
avendish, Richard

  Central Park, New York

  Chamberlain, Joseph

  champagne

  Charlecote Park, Warwickshire

  Charlton Park, Wiltshire

  Charteris, Evan

  Château de Compiègne, Picardy

  Chatsworth, Derbyshire

  Chicago Sunday Sun

  Chicago Tribune

  Childe Harold (Byron)

  Christian, Princess

  church attendance

  Churchill, Jennie, Lady Randolph (née Jerome): background; at Blenheim; and fashion; on society

  Churchill, Lord Randolph

  Churchill, Winston

  Civil War, American (1861–5)

  Claflin family

  Claflin, Reuben Buckman (Buck)

  Claflin, Roxanna (née Hummel)

  Claflin, Tennie. See Cook, Lady Tennie (née Claflin, formerly Bartels)

  Claflin, Victoria. See Woodhull, Victoria (née Claflin)

  ‘Cliff Cottages,’ Newport

  Cliveden House, Berkshire

  clubs, New York

  Coaching Club, New York

  coats of arms

  Collier, Price

  Collier’s (magazine)

  coming-out balls

  Commercial Cable Company

  Commissioners’ Plan (1811)

  Connaught, Prince Arthur, Duke of

  conversation

  Cook, Francis, 1st Viscount of Monserrate

  Cook, Lady Tennie (née Claflin, formerly Bartels)

  Coombe Abbey, Warwickshire

  Corelli, Marie

  Cornwallis-West, George

  Cornwallis-West, Jennie. See Churchill, Jennie, Lady Randolph (née Jerome)

  country house weekends

  courtesans

  Cowes, Isle of Wight

  Cowles, Virginia

  Craven, Emily Countess of

  Craven, Lady Cornelia (née Bradley-Martin)

  Craven, William, 4th Earl of

  Crawford, Frank. See Vanderbilt, Frank (née Crawford)

  Cruger, Mrs Van Rensselaer

  Cunard, Lady Maud (née Burke)

  Cunard, Nancy

  Cunard, Sir Bache

 

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