by Simon Baatz
170 -72
case against Thomas Fitzgerald, 199,
201
case against Walter Krauser and
Bernard Grant, 359-62, 413-14 Cook County list of men executed,
363, 372
Crowe as proponent for, 197, 213-14,
372, 388-89
Crowe seeks in Leopold and Loeb
case, 161, 233-34, 235, 238, 243,
287-88, 290, 358-59, 371-72,
388-89, 417-18
Dolginoff, Stephen, 451 Donkar, Ed, 255
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, ix Douglas School, 30-31, 309 Doyle, Arthur Conan, 35 Drake, Glenn, 24
Duffy, Tom (Red), 425 Dunham, Charles, 274-75 Durand, James, 341
evolution, 423-24
Ewing Avenue police station, 105 eyeglasses
drop from Leopold's clothes, 87
found at crime scene, 11, 12, 13, 25 -26, 87, 103, 104, 105, 118, 119, 233
Leopold questioned about, 110-11, 112, 113 -15
linked to Leopold, 131
Eagle Harbor (Michigan), 29
Eagle River (Michigan), 29
Eckstein, Frederick, 20
Edfeldt, David, 232, 282
Edgewater Beach Hotel, 391-92, 399 813 (Leblanc), 35
Emory, Elwood, 24
endocrinology, 194, 247-51
adrenal glands, 248-49
endocrine glands and mental health, 249-51
interstitial sex glands, 249
Jones metabolimeter, 251-52
Leopold's pineal gland, 253-54, 331, 334
Loeb's low metabolism, 251, 254 pancreatic glands, 249
pineal gland, 248, 331, 334-38 pituitary gland, 248, 331, 345
plethysmorgraph, 252
testing of Leopold and Loeb, 251-56, 328-34, 335-38
thymus gland, 249
thyroid gland, 248, 249, 331
Victor X-ray machine, 252, 336-38 Englund, Sven, 77-78, 91-93, 127-30, 233
Enright, Maurice (Mossy), 295
Errico, Thomas, 363
Erselen, F. C., 275
Ettelson, Samuel, 6-10, 12-15, 17-18, 240
sexual abuse alleged, 380-83
threats against family of, 21
victim by chance, 81-83, 157
Franks, Flora, 4, 6, 7, 13, 14, 17, 24-25, 89, 290, 394, 405
Franks, Jack, 4
Franks, Jacob, 4, 5-6, 7, 12, 21, 89
appearance, 240
on Caverly decision to allow
psychiatric evidence, 307
in court, 240, 290, 306-7
court testimony, 290-91
ransom payment, 13-14, 95-97, 100
sale of home, 393-94
statement after Leopold and Loeb confessions, 138
testimony before grand jury, 233
threats during Leopold and Loeb case, 393-94
verdict in Leopold and Loeb case and, 404-5
wealth of, 6, 16
Franks, Jacob, Jr., 4-5, 6, 17
Franks, Josephine, 4, 6, 21
Freud, Sigmund, 265, 420-21
Clabaugh, Hinton, 414-15
Cleveland Plain Dealer, 413
Cliff Mines (Michigan), 29
Clinnin, John, 236
Cocoanut Grove Restaurant, 116
Collins, Cornelius, 418
Collins, Morgan, 15-16, 20, 21-22, 25 communism, 183
Communist Labor Party, 183
Compulsion (film), 445-46, 450-51 Compulsion (Levin), 445-46, 450, 451 Cook County Criminal Court, 256,
426
Caverly as chief justice, 241
Darrow in practice before, 170-72,
183 - 84
hearing on mitigation of punishment
for Leopold and Loeb, 284-390 indictment against Leopold and
Loeb, 232-44
insanity commissions, 153
Leopold and Loeb enter plea, 239-42 Prendergast case, 170-72
trial of Communist Labor Party, 183 trial of Emma Simpson, 191-92 trial of Russell Pethick, 187
trial of Thomas Fitzgerald, 200-201 Cook County Criminal Court Building,
Chicago, 141, 142. See also Cook
County Criminal Court
Crowe press conference at, after
confessions, 136
Leopold and Loeb questioned at,
112-17, 122-23, 128-30
spectators at, 143, 239-40, 369-71,
377, 399-400
Cook County jail, 255
Bowman-Hulbert examination of
Leopold and Loeb, 247-55
executions in, 169, 201
jailbreak attempt, 255
Leopold and Loeb in, 228, 232, 247,
Lowhone case precedent, 300-302 Marshall's closing statement, 361-65 mental illness and, 284, 364-69 mitigating factors, 284, 401-2
opposing philosophies of crime and
punishment and, 162
prosecution team, 290
prosecution witnesses, 291, 300,
342-57
psychiatric testimony, 292-93, 303,
307-11, 315-18, 323-34, 342-46 ransom as aggravating factor, 364-65,
385-88
security instituted, 398-99
sentencing date set, 390
spectators, 369-71, 377, 399-400 state's cross-examination, 312-15,
318 -19, 326 -38
testimony of Jacob Franks, 290-91 threats of lynching, 398-99
Couzens, James, 55
Cowles, Edward S., 420
Cox, Benjamin, 275
Crapo, Leonard, 363
Cravens, J. B., 66
crime and punishment. See also death
penalty
as consequence of economic and
social conditions, 215
Darrow's philosophy, 161, 165,
174-75, 183-85, 192-96, 245,
250-51, 374-76
determinism and, 161, 174-75,
185-86, 195-96, 216, 374-76, 455 endocrinology and, 250-51
free will and, 174, 215-16, 245, 266,
455
Glueck's theory, 263
medicalizing ideology, 266-67 mental derangement and, 185-89,
262, 263
organized crime, 216
case of Frank Lowhone and,
300-302
case against Fred Lundin, 220-24 case against Thomas Fitzgerald,
197-201, 206, 209, 372
case of Eugene Geary and, 295-99 characterization of crime, 3
confessions of Leopold and Loeb,
131-43, 235-36
cross-examination of Glueck, 326-37 cross-examination of Healy, 318-19 cross-examination of Hulbert,
334 -38
cross-examination of White, 312-15 crusade against illegal gambling,
217-18
Darrow's cross-examination of state's
psychiatrists and, 352
death of, 447
death penalty and, 197, 206, 209 death penalty in Leopold and Loeb
case sought, 161, 233-34, 235, 238,
243, 270-72, 287-88, 290, 358-59,
371-72, 388-89, 417-18
early theory of crime, 22-23
E. G. Marshall plays in Compulsion,
450
election of 1920 and, 206-9
enmity toward Darrow, 161, 165 evidence mounts against Leopold and
Loeb, 119-26
fame of, 214
fights habeas corpus for Leopold and
Loeb, 231-32
fights hearing on mitigation in
Leopold and Loeb case, 286-304 grand jury proceedings, Leopold and
Loeb case, 232-35
gray Winton automobile sought by,
20
guilty plea by Leopold and Loeb and,
283-84
Dailey, James (Bull), 208
Daly's Restaurant, 145
Danielson, O. A., 273, 274
Dargan, Preston, 72-74
Darnell, Carl, 252, 336
Darrow, Amirus, 174, 192
Darrow, Clarence, 165-96
<
br /> aftermath of Leopold and Loeb case, 422-24
at Allegheny College, 192
appeal in Leopold and Loeb case readied, 396-97
appearance of, 144, 168, 228-29, 230, 242, 246, 289, 292, 324, 370, 377
in Ashtabula, Ohio, 166, 168, 174
as attorney for labor movement, 166, 176, 177-78, 179 - 82
autobiography of, 464
Bowman-Hulbert examination of Leopold and Loeb, 246-56
calendar in Leopold and Loeb case and, 242-44
case of Charles Healey, 183
case of Communist Labor Party, 183
case of Edward Hettinger, 188-89
case of Emma Simpson, 190-92
case of Eugene Debs, 177-78
case of Eugene Prendergast, 167-68, 170 -72
case of the Haymarket prisoners, 169 -70
case of McNamara brothers,
180 - 82
case of Mont Tennes, 182
case of Oscar DePriest, 182-83
case of Russell Pethick, 185-88
insanity defense, 189-92, 269-70,
277, 278
on judicial system, 170
jury tampering scandal, 182
Leopold and Loeb enter plea, 239-42 loopholes in legal code and, 171-72,
173
loss of renown, 180-82
mental derangement (diminished
capacity) as defense, 185-89 mitigation of punishment in Leopold
and Loeb case, 280-304
motions considered in Leopold and
Loeb case, 277-78
motive for taking Leopold and Loeb
case, 196
move to Chicago, 166, 168
opposition to death penalty, 170,
173-74, 376-78, 404, 422-23 Orson Welles plays in Compulsion,
450-51
partner in Darrow, Sissman, Holly,
and Carlin, 182
personality and character, 168
philosophy of crime and punishment,
161, 165, 174-75, 183-88, 192-96,
245, 250-51
plan for defense of Leopold and Loeb,
256, 267-68, 269-70, 276-79 politics, centrist, 183
politics, radical and progressive,
168-69, 179, 182, 424
on practicing law, 165-66
press and, 272, 289
on public opinion in Leopold and
Loeb, 237-38, 323
public speaking/oration of, 168, 176,
223, 376-78
questioning of William Healy, 315-18 radio broadcast of Leopold and Loeb
trial opposed, 276
scientism and, 192-96, 245
Darrow's campaign against, 422-23 Darrow's opposition to, 170, 173-74,
189, 376-78, 404, 422-23
as deterrent, 216, 417-18
diminished-capacity defense, 186-88 executions in Cook County jail, 169,
201
guilty plea and, 372
hanging as means of, 167, 169
Haymarket bombing case, 169 Hoyne seeks in Pethick case, 186 Illinois law on, 358
Judge Caverly and, 240
juveniles executed, 362-63
mitigating factors, 361-63, 391 public demand for, Leopold and Loeb
case, 319-23, 392-93
sanity necessary for execution,
296-97, 396-97
Debs, Eugene, 177-78, 379
Degnan, Suzanne, 436
Democratic Party (Chicago), 6
Chicago Daily Journal and, 218, 464 Darrow and, 168
Denby, Edwin C., 55
Deneen, Charles, 204, 219
DePriest, Oscar, 182-83
Detective Story Magazine, 71
determinism, 161, 174-75, 184-85,
195-96, 216, 374-76
Detroit Free Press, 413
Deutsch, Armand, 78
Dever, William, 15, 140, 219-20
Devoorde, Philip Van, 19
Dew Drop Inn (Leopold and Loeb stop
at), 84-85, 133
Dewey, John, 36
DeYoung, Frederic Robert, 18, 240 Dick, Paul, 251
Dickens, Charles, 34
Dix, Dorothea, 257
Doherty, Jim, 425
Fabre, Jean-Henri, 195
Fennessy, Mike, 207
Ferry, Asa, 275
First Principles (Spencer), 192
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 321, 449
Fitzgerald, Thomas, 197-201, 206, 209, 372
Fitzmorris, Charles, 217-18
Ford, Henry, 55
Foreman, Gerhart (Leopold's maternal grandfather), 30
Francis Parker School, 33
Franks, Bobby. See also murder of
Bobby Franks
body discovered, 10-12, 96
cause of death, 11, 12, 234
collection of poems in his memory, 4 discoloration on body, 11, 12, 17, 86 Ellis Avenue as site of abduction, 19,
23
funeral service, 24-25
at Harvard School, 4, 5, 102
home (Ellis Avenue), 4, 6, 12, 24, 81,
393-94
identification of body, 13-14
kidnapping of, 4-26, 81-83, 85 as Loeb's second cousin, 81, 83, 102,
142, 157
personality, 5
police protection of family, 21 reward offered by family, 20
Gaensslen, Bessie, 417-18
Geary, Eugene, 295-99, 396
General Managers' Association, 177, 178 George, Henry, 169
Gertz, Elmer
attorney for Leopold's parole
hearings, 439-43
lawsuit against movie Compulsion, 445-46
Gibbs, Charles, 301
Gill, John B., 171
Glenn, Otis, 18
Glueck, Bernard, 262-64, 265, 420
psychiatric examination of Leopold and Loeb, 263-64
testimony, 306, 323-27
Goettge, Frank, 55
Goldstein, Alvin, 101-2, 103, 120, 463 Gore, Edward, 320
Gorman, Al, 207
Gortland, James, 111
Grand Jury proceedings, Leopold and Loeb case, 232-35
foreman of jury, 235
recommends no bail, 237
Grant, Bernard, 359-62, 413-14 Grant, Mary, 414
Great Northern Railroad, 177
Greshan, Edwin, 13, 14, 120, 291, 399-400
Grimm, Herman, 35
Groesbeck, Alex, 55
Grogan, Bernard (Barney), 208-9 Guenther, George, 212
Guggenheimer, Untermyer, & Marshall law firm, 418
Harvard School, Chicago (continued) Leopold takes boys birding, 105 Putthammer at, 107
search for Bobby Franks and, 6-7 teachers questioned, 16-18
Harvard University, 26, 105-6
Haymarket bombing case, 169-70, 175 -76
Haywood, William (Big Bill), 180, 181
Healey, Charles, 183
Healy, William, 260-62, 265, 374, 420 psychiatric examination of Leopold and Loeb, 261-62
testimony in court hearing, 305
Hearst, William Randolph, 463
Hegewisch police station, 12
Heirens, William, 436
Heredia, Jose Maria de, 73
Herndon, William, 67
Hessv i l le, 146, 147, 149
Heth, Lloyd, 214
Hettinger, Edward, 188-89
Hickson, William, 214, 253
Hirsch, Emil, 139
History of French Literature from the Earliest times to the Great War, A (Dargan and Nitze), 73
Hitchcock, Alfred, 450
Hoffman, Frederick, 235
Hoffman, Peter, 239-42, 244, 282, 290, 397-98, 399
Hohley, Louise, 230, 231
Holgate, Thomas, 275
Hopkins, Jacob, 277
Hotel LaSalle, Chicago, 111-12
Hoyne, Maclay, 182, 186, 208
Hubinger, Albert, 142
Hughes, Michael, 8, 129, 132, 136, 141, 145, 146-47, 155, 233-34, 399
Hulbert, Harold, 246-56,
374
psychiatric examination of Leopold and Loeb, 251-56
report, 312, 345-46, 354, 384, 385, 387
testimony in court hearing, 327-34
threats against, 398
Hunt, Bernard, 90
Hyde Lake, 68-69, 113
Hyde Park State Bank, 65-66, 67 McNaughten rule, 154
Stanford White murder and, 268-69
temporary insanity in Leopold and Loeb case, 154
William Alanson White and concept of insanity, 266-67
intelligence tests, 262
International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers, 181 I Ragionamenti (Aretino), 125-26
habeas corpus for Leopold and Loeb, 118, 120, 128, 143, 151, 230, 231-32
Hall, James Whitney, 214, 253, 270, 278
Halldorson, P. J., 273
Hamilton, Patrick, 449-50
Hancock (Michigan), 29
Hansen, Mary, 167
Harding, Warren, 209, 218
Harris, Adele, 139
Harris, Samuel, 79, 139
Harrison, Carter, 166-68
Hart, Pearl, 275
Hartman, Irving, 19, 21
Hartnett, Charles (Gabby), 395
Harvard School, Chicago, 32-33, 34, 78, 99
Bobby Franks at, 4, 5, 102
boys targeted by Leopold and Loeb, 68, 78-81
gray Winton automobile at, 19 Leopold attends, 32-33
Igoe, Michael, 208-9
Illinois Central Railroad, 155
Illinois Northern Hospital for the Insane, 155, 192, 392
indictment against Leopold and Loeb, 232-44
defense table, 240-41
eleven counts, murder charge, 234 prosecution table, 240
sixteen counts, kidnapping charge, 235
spectators at hearings, 239-40
Individual Delinquent, The (Healy), 261, 305
Insanity and the Law: A Treatise on Forensic Psychiatry (Krohn and Singer), 153, 355-57, 366, 367, 368
insanity defense
admission of responsibility by Leopold and Loeb, 158-61
case of Carl Wanderer, 212-13, 214 case of Edward Hettinger, 189
case of Emma Simpson, 190-92 case of Eugene Geary, 295-99, 396-97 case of Eugene Prendergast, 167-68 case of Frank Lowhone, 300-302 case of Warren Lincoln, 271
Crowe investigation of, 271-72 Crowe moves to block use in Leopold and Loeb case, 151-61, 236
Darrow rejects in Leopold and Loeb case, 278
Darrow's use of, 189-92
Illinois law and, 154, 270, 284, 294-95
Jacobs, Walter, 141
Jarecki, Edmund, 237
Jeffrey, Bert, 24
Jewish Daily News, 419
Jewish People's Institute, 221
Johnson, Frank, 109-10, 111, 142 Johnson, Jack, 241-42
Joliet Prison, 184, 189, 407, 427
Leopold and Loeb incarcerated in, 426-28
Leopold and Loeb sent to, 403, 406-9
warden, 408
Jones, Horry, 335
Jones metabolimeter, 251-52, 335-36
Kansas City Post , 411
Kaub, Arthur, 319-20
