Hor Aha (King, 1st Dynasty), 9
Horemheb (King, 18th Dynasty), 81,
Hakor (King, 29th Dynasty), 173
106–108, 110
Hamath, 111, 154, 164
Mortuary Temple, 106
Hammurabi (Babylonian king), 75
Tomb at Saqqara, 81
Hanatun, 103
Hori (King’s son of Kush), 137
Hanigalbat, 76, 117
Hori (King’s son of Kush, son of earlier
Hanun (King of Gaza), 154
Hori), 137
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Index 207
Hurrian, 75–6, 84, 88, 138
Kaau, 14, 22
Huy (King’s son of Kush), 107
Kadashman-Enlil (Babylonian king), 99
Hyksos, 60–1, 65–76, 109
Kalhu see Nimrud
Military technology, 66
Kamose (King, 17th Dynasty), 66, 69–70,
71, 76
Iamani (King of Ashdod), 155
Karnak Temple see Thebes, Temple of Amun
Ibashshi-ilu (Assyrian vizier), 146
(Karnak Temple)
Ibhet, 97
Kaper (Libyan chief), 135
Ikatj, 92
Kashta (Kushite king), 152
Ikayta, 101
Katimala (Kushite queen), 152
Ikhernofret (King, 16th Dynasty), 67– 8
Kawa, 139, 156, 162
Ikkur, 55
Keftiu see Minoans
Inarus (Egyptian rebel leader, 27th Dynasty),
Kenamun (Mayor of Thebes), 99–100
171
Kerma/Kermans, 1, 22, 40, 53, 55, 57, 60–5,
Intef (Overseer of troops), 39
68–70, 72–3, 76–7, 91, 165
Intef I (King, 11th Dynasty), 35–6
Eastern Deffufa, 62
Intef II (King, 11th Dynasty), 36
Kings
Intef III (King, 11th Dynasty), 38
Awawa, 63
Kaa, 63
Intef the Great, 35
Teriahi, 63
Interpreters, 18, 20, 25–6, 47, 107, 146
Utatrerses, 63
Iny (Seal-bearer of the god of the two big
Necropolis, 62–3
ships), 18–19, 31
Tumulus KIII, 63
Ionians, 161, 167
Tumulus KX, 62
Ip-shemu-abi (Mayor of Byblos), 49
Western Deffufa, 62
Iran, 43, 75, 167
Khababash (Egyptian rebel/king, 31st
Irem, 86, 111, 122
Dynasty), 176
Irtjet, 22–5, 39
Khaemwaset (Prince, 19th Dynasty), 112
Israel, 4, 5, 123–4, 147–9
Khafre (King, 4th Dynasty), 15, 19–20
Israel Stele, 124
Khamudi (King, 15th Dynasty), 71
Issus, 176
Kharga Oasis, 27, 161, 170
It-Ibi (Nomarch), 37
Khartoum, 25, 162
Iti-ibi-iqer (Overseer of priests and general),
Khartoum Neolithic Culture, 4
38
Khayan (King, 15th Dynasty), 66
Itj-Tawy, 46, 60
Khenty-she, 18–19, 43
Ituryn, 92–3
Kheti (King, 9th Dynasty), 33, 36
Kheti I (Nomarch), 37
Jaffa, 15, 79, 136
Kheti II (Nomarch), 37–8
Jericho, 10, 59
Khnumhotep I (Nomarch), 41
Jeroboam (King of Northern Kingdom of
Khnumhotep II (Overseer of the eastern
Israel), 148
desert), 44, 48
Jerusalem, 148, 155, 164, 167
Khnumhotep III (Vizier), 47–8
Jordan, 4, 6
Khor Daoud, 7
Josiah (King of Judah), 164
Khor el-Aqiba, 22
Judah, 148, 164, 167
Khufu (King, 4th Dynasty), 15, 18, 30
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208 War and Trade with the Pharaohs
Khufu Hill, 30
Medja, 22
Kizzuwatna, 93, 120
Medjay, 14, 22, 39, 50, 53–5, 63, 70, 142, 172
Knossos see Crete, Knossos
Megabyzus (Persian commander), 171
Kode, 130
Megiddo, 10, 16, 43, 59, 71, 82–4, 90, 92, 113,
Kom el-Hisn, 123
132, 136, 140, 148, 164
Kor, 55
Meir, 49
Kubban, 55
Mektilyn, 92–3
Kufra Oasis, 29
Memphis, 23, 28, 32, 54, 71, 93, 120–1,
Kumma, 55
123–4, 137, 153–4, 156–8, 163, 166,
Kurgus, 61
168–72, 175–7
Kurkh, 149
Temple of Ptah, 137
Kurkur Oasis, 39
Mendes, 33, 158, 172–4
Kush, 61–2, 69, 72, 77, 80, 86, 88, 94, 97, 101, Menkheperre (Priest-king of Thebes), 146
107, 118, 122, 125–7, 137, 141–3, 150–2,
Mentor of Rhodes (Greek general), 175
154–5, 157–60, 162, 164–7, 170–2, 177–8
Merenptah (King, 19th Dynasty), 122–5,
129–31
Lachish, 59, 136
Merenre (King, 6th Dynasty), 15, 18, 22, 24
Lahun, 50–1, 54
Merikare (King, 10th Dynasty), 32, 37
Lake of Sobek, 39
Merikare, Cult stele of, 64
Lake Qarun, 2, 3
Merimde Beni-Salame, 2
Lapithos-Vrysi tou Barba see Cyprus,
Merimde Culture, 3
Lapithos-Vrysi tou Barba
Meroe, 162, 172, 178
Lebanon, 12, 18, 43, 88, 111, 147, 156
Meroitic language, 178
Libyan Culture, 4
Meroitic Period, 178
Libyan Groups:
Mersa Gawasis, 25–6, 56–7
Imukehek, 77
Mersa Matruh, 105, 123
Libu, 123–4, 129–30, 135, 139, 150
Meshwesh, 129, 135, 147
Merymose (King’s son of Kush), 97
Qeheq, 123
Mesara see Crete, Mesara
Rebu, 135
Mesehti (Overseer of priests), 37–8
Soped, 129, 135
Mesher (Libyan chief), 135
Tjehenu, 27, 129, 135, 156
Meterti, 22
Tjemehu, 14, 25, 27, 129, 135
Military organisation, 14, 76
Lisht, 46, 51
Military technology:
Lower Egyptian Culture, 4–6, 8, 10
Old Kingdom to Second Intermediate
Luash, Kingdom of, 149
Period, 15–16
New Kingdom, 78–9, 87
Maadi, 5–6
Minoans, 42, 51, 89, 98
Maadi-Buto Culture, 4
Mirgissa, 55–6, 61, 172
Maathorneferure (Queen, 19th Dynasty), 118
Mishken (Libyan chief), 130
Manetho, 33, 154
Mitanni, 75–6, 78, 82, 93–4, 96–9, 101, 109, 117
Mariyu (Libyan chief), 123–4, 130
Moalla, 34–5
Maryannu, 79
Montuemhat (Mayor of Thebes), 160
Masit, 22
Montuhotep I (King, 11th Dynasty), 35
Massawa, 25
Montuhotep II (King, 11th Dynasty), 25,
Mazaces (Persian satrap), 176–7
38–40, 51, 53
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Index 209
Montuhotep III (King, 11th Dynasty), 40, 57
Nitocris (God’s Wife of Amun), 160
Montuhotep IV (King, 11th Dynasty), 40–1
Niuserre (King, 5th Dynasty), 27
&nb
sp; Montuhotepi (King, 16th Dynasty), 67
Niy, 78, 85, 92
Mostagedda, 54
Nubian forts, 54–6, 60–1
Mursilis I (Hittite king), 75–6
Nukhasse, 92
Mursilis II (Hittite king), 107, 109
Nuri, 158, 162, 177
Mursilis III (Hittite king), 116–18
Muwatallis (Hittite king), 109, 115–16
Opet Festival, 153
Mycenae, 132
Orontes, River, 92–3
Mycenaeans, 104–106, 117, 120–1
Osiris of the Sea (God), 57
Osorkon (Prince, 23rd Dynasty), 150
Nabonidus (Babylonian king), 168
Osorkon I (King, 22nd Dynasty), 149
Nabopolassar (Babylonian king), 163
Osorkon II (King, 22nd Dynasty), 149–50
Nabta Playa, 1
Osorkon IV (King, 22nd Dynasty), 155
Naga ed-Deir, 37
Osorkon the Elder (King, 21st Dynasty), 147
Nahal Tillah, 10
Naharin, 76, 78, 94
Palermo Stone, 21, 26–7
Napata, 87, 91, 107, 152, 162, 165–6, 178
Pamiu (King’s son of Kush), 152
Napatan Period, 162, 178
Panehesy (King’s son of Kush), 141–2
Naqada, 4, 6–7, 25
Pan-Grave People, 53–4, 63
Naqada Culture, 4, 6–8, 10
Papyrus Anastasi I, 79, 81
Narmer (King, Dynasty 0), 9–11, 27
Papyrus Anastasi III, 120
Narmer Palette, 11
Papyrus Boulaq 18, 54
Nastasen (Kushite king), 177
Papyrus Brooklyn 35.1446, 50
Naukratis, 167–9
Papyrus Harris I, 127, 135, 137
Nebuchadnezzar (Babylonian king), 164, 177
Papyrus Meyer B, 140
Necho I (Overseer of western Delta), 157–8
Parahu (Great one of Punt), 80
Necho II (King, 26th Dynasty), 161, 164–5
Pa-Ramessu see Ramesses I
Nectanebo I (King, 30th Dynasty), 173
Pas-Baal (Chief draughtsman in the Temple
Nectanebo II (King, 30th Dynasty), 174–6
of Amun), 88
Neferhotep I (King, 13th Dynasty), 59–61
Paser (King’s son of Kush), 122
Nefertiti (Queen, 18th Dynasty), 105, 108
Pelusium, 164, 169, 175–7
Neferusy, 70
Pentaweret (Prince, 20th Dynasty), 139
Nehesy (Chancellor), 80, 88
Pepi I (King, 6th Dynasty), 13–15, 18, 21
Nehesy (King, 14th Dynasty), 65
Pepi II (King, 6th Dynasty), 17–19, 23–5, 27, 32
Nehri (Nomarch), 41
Pepinakht called Heqaib (Overseer of
Neo-Babylonian Empire, 163
foreigners), 17, 23, 26
Neo-Hittite kingdoms, 147
Persian, 27, 161, 167–77
Nepherites I (King, 29th Dynasty), 172–3
Peru-nefer, 88
Nepherites II (King, 29th Dynasty), 173
Phanes of Halicarnassus (Mercenary), 168–9
Nesibanebdjedet see Smendes
Pharanabazos (Persian satrap of Syria), 173
Nesikhons (King’s son of Kush), 151
Philae Island, 78
Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep (Royal
Philistines, 147
manicurists), 24
Phoenicians, 166, 168, 173
Nimrud, 150
Phourni Cemetery see Crete, Phourni
Nineveh, 151, 155, 158–9, 163
Cemetery
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Piankh (High priest of Amun and general), 141–3
Nubian campaign, 128
Pinudjem I (Priest-king of Thebes), 146
Second Libyan campaign, 135–6
Pi-Ramesses, 103, 112, 118, 120–1, 144
War against the Sea Peoples, 133–5
Horse stables and workshop, 121
Ramesses IV (King, 20th Dynasty), 127, 137,
Piye (Kushite king), 152–4, 160
139
Port Sudan, 25
Ramesses V (King, 20th Dynasty), 139
Potasimto (Commander of foreign mercenar-
Ramesses VI (King, 20th Dynasty), 140
ies), 166
Ramesses VII (King, 20th Dynasty), 140
Priene, 161
Ramesses VIII (King, 20th Dynasty), 140
Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions, 47
Ramesses IX (King, 20th Dynasty), 140
Psamtik I (King, 26th Dynasty), 159–64, 171
Ramesses XI (King, 20th Dynasty), 140, 143
Psamtik II (King, 26th Dynasty), 161, 165–67
Raphia, 155
Psamtik III (King, 26th Dynasty), 168–9
Ras Budran, 17, 31
Pseudo-hieroglyphic script, 48
Redjedef ’s Water Mountain, 30
Psusennes I (King, 21st Dynasty), 146
Rehoboam (King of the Kingdom of Judah),
Ptolemy I (King, Ptolemaic Period), 177
148
Pudukhepa (Hittite queen), 118
Rekhmire (Vizier), 89–90
Punt, 17, 25–6, 31, 56–7, 63, 80–1, 89, 104,
Reshef (God), 121
106, 136–7
Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, 66
Ribaddi (King of Byblos), 98, 102
Qaa (King, 1st Dynasty), 12
Romans, 56, 174, 178
Qadesh, 81–2, 101–102, 106–108, 111, 113,
Rudamun (King, 23rd Dynasty), 152
115–19, 121
Qadesh (Goddess), 121
Sabaces (Persian satrap), 176
Qantir see Pi-Ramesses
Sabni (Governor of Aswan), 23
Qarqar see Tell Qarqur
Sahure (King, 5th Dynasty), 18, 20, 26–7,
Qasr es-Sagha, 30
31, 156
Qasr Ibrim, 151
Sai, 73, 77, 111
Qatna, 71, 92, 102
Sais, 150, 153–4, 157–60, 163, 165, 168–9,
Qau el-Kebir, 36
171, 176
Qedem, 45
Samaria, 148–9
Qubbet el-Hawa, 51
Sardinia, 112
Qustul, 9, 12
Sargon II (Assyrian king), 155
Sat-Mesuty(?) (Servant from Punt), 57
Ramesses I (King, 19th Dynasty), 108–10
Saww see Mersa Gawasis
Ramesses II (King, 19th Dynasty), 43, 81,
Scythians, 162
96–7, 112–23, 125, 128, 141
Sea Peoples, 112, 123–4, 128–35, 137, 144,
Battle of Qadesh, 81, 113–16, 118
147
Diplomatic Marriage, 118–19
Aqaiwasha, 123
Peace Treaty with the Hittites, 117
Danuna, 131
Ramesseum, 113, 115, 117, 141
Lukku, 123
Ramesses III (King, 20th Dynasty), 45, 128–39
Peleset, 131, 134, 137, 147
Assassination, 45, 139
Shekelesh, 123, 131
First Libyan campaign, 128–30
Sherden, 112–13, 123, 134–5, 137, 139,
Mortuary Temple at Medinet Habu,
142
128–30, 134–6, 141
Tjekeru, 131, 137, 144–5
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Index 211
Tursha, 123
Sidon, 102–104, 120, 127, 147, 166–7, 174
Washash, 131
Siege ladders, 16–17, 39, 106
Sedeinga, 97
Sikri-haddu (King, 15th Dynasty), 65
Sekhemib (King, 2nd Dynasty), 12
Sile, 110
Seleucid
Empire, 177–8
Sinsharishkun (Assyrian king), 163
Seleucus, 177
Siptah (King, 19th Dynasty), 125–7, 137
Semna, 53, 55–6, 60, 97, 152, 156
Sisi (Position unknown), 21
Semna Dispatches, 55–6
Siwa Oasis, 27, 161, 177
Senenmut (High Steward), 89
Temple of Amun, 161, 177
Sennacherib (Assyrian king), 155
Smendes (King, 21st Dynasty), 143, 145–6
Sennar, 162
Sneferu (King, 4th Dynasty), 16, 18, 21, 27,
Senwosret I (King, 12th Dynasty), 44–6, 50,
120
52, 54–5, 57, 62–3
Sobekhotep IV (King, 13th Dynasty), 59–60
Senwosret II (King, 12th Dynasty), 44, 50,
Sobek-Khu (Soldier), 47
57, 71
Sobekneferu (King, 13th Dynasty), 59, 71
Senwosret III (King, 12th Dynasty), 47, 53–5, Soleb, 86, 97, 137
57, 62
Solomon (King of United Kingdom of Israel),
Seqenenre Tao II (King, 17th Dynasty), 68–9,
147–8
71
Somalia, 25
Serabit el-Khadim, 17, 47, 140
Sopedhor (Commander of Buhen), 61
Serra West, 60
Soteraja (Queen, 19th Dynasty), 125
Setau (King’s son of Kush), 122
Spartans, 168, 173–4
Sethnakht (King, 20th Dynasty), 127–8
Sumur, 103
Seti I (King, 19th Dynasty), 110–12, 115, 123, Suppiluliuma I (Hittite king), 101–102, 128
107–109
Seti II (King, 19th Dynasty), 125, 127–8
Suppiluliuma II (Hittite king), 131
Seti (King’s son of Kush), 126–7
Susa, 170, 172, 174
Shabaka (King, 25th Dynasty), 154–5
Shabataka (King, 25th Dynasty), 155
Tadukhepa (Queen, 18th Dynasty), 97
Shabtuna, 113–14
Taharka (King, 25th Dynasty), 27, 155–8
Shalmaneser III (Assyrian king), 149–50
Takelot II (King, 23rd Dynasty), 150
Shamash-Edom, 92
Takhsy, 91
Sharuhen, 72
Tamos (Persian admiral), 172–3
Shasu-Bedouin, 110, 113, 122–3, 143
Tanis, 143–6, 166
Shattiwaza (Mitanni king, Hittite vassal), 101
Tanutamun (King, 25th Dynasty),
Shechem, 47
158–9, 162
Sheikh Muftah Culture, 4, 28
Tarhuntassa, 109, 116
Shellal, 20–1, 165
Taweret (Goddess), 51
Shepenwepet II (God’s wife of Amun), 160
Tawosret (King, 19th Dynasty), 125–7
Sheshi (King, 14th Dynasty), 65
Tefnakht (King, 24th Dynasty), 153–4, 157
Shishak see Shoshenk I
Tel Erani, 10
Shoshenk I (King, 22nd Dynasty), 147–9, 161
Tel Ikhbeineh, 10
Shoshenk V (King, 22nd Dynasty), 150
Tel Maahaz, 10
Shutatarra (King of Qadesh), 101–102
Tell el-Ajjul, 59, 65
Sicily, 105
Tell el-Amarna, 98, 100, 103–104
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