96 The five young men: Int. Tom Caplan, Feb. 27, 1993. 96 Allen Ginsberg: The Hoya, Feb. 29, 1968.
96 It was an elegant affair: Ints. Tom Caplan, Feb. 27, 1993; Kit Ashby, Jan. 20, 1993; and Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993.
97 Robert Lowell’s “October and November”: Robert Lowell, Notebook 1967-68, p. 27.
97 Clinton shared the conviction: Ints. Bill Clinton, Aug. 6, 1992, and Lee Williams, May 12, 1993.
97 “To criticize one’s country”: Fulbright, J. William, Arrogance.
98 “Sometimes he’d bring a friend”: Int. David Pryor, June 29, 1993.
98 His closest friend at work: Int. Bertie Bowman, May 26, 1993.
98 His friends would plan: Int. Tom Campbell, Feb. 3, 1993.
99 Clinton not only informed Lowe: Int. Rudiger Lowe, April 8, 1993.
99 Every morning that November: Int. Virginia Kelley, Jan. 13, 1992.
100 “somewhere deep down inside”: Ints. Bill Clinton, Jan. 20, 1992, and Virginia Kelley, Jan. 13, 1992, July 12, 1993.
100 Roger looked pitiful: The account of Roger Clinton’s death is drawn from interviews with , June 9, 1993; Virginia Kelley, Jan. 13, 1992, and July 12, 1993. Also Leading pp. 169-70.
100 The notion that Bill Clinton: Int. Tom Campbell, Feb. 2, 1993.
101 George Butte in the Southwest: Ints George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993, and Robert Reich, April 15, 1993.
101 The interview process: Ints. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993; Strobe Talbott, April 19, 1993 ; Mike Shea, April 6, 1993; Keith Marshall, Feb. 2, 1993; and Daniel Singer, March 5, 1993.
102 Good fortune came to Bill Clinton: Ints. Tom Ward, June 18, 1993, and Kit Ashby, Jan. 20, 1993.
103 At the South regional: Ints. Keith Marshall, Feb. 2, 1993; Walter Pratt, April 28, 1993, and Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993.
103 Some young men: Ints. Walter Pratt, April 28, 1993; Robert Reich, April 15, 1993; and William Fletcher, Nov. 23, 1993.
104 Sobbing, he spoke lovingly: Int. Keith Marshall, Feb. 2, 1993.
104 He finally called: Int. Virginia Kelley, Jan. 13, 1992.
104 The house on Potomac: Ints. Tom Caplan, Feb. 27, 1993, and Kit Ashby, Jan. 20, 1993.
104 Supper at the kitchen table: Int. Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993.
105 He chided Tom Campbell: Ints. Tom Campbell, Feb. 3, 1993; Kit Ashby, Jan. 20, 1993; and Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993
105 On the war in Vietnam: Ints. Jim Moore, Oct. 20, 1992, and Kit Ashby, Jan. 20, 1993.
106 Two weeks after Tet: WP, Feb. 17, 1968, p. 1.
106 now it came up constantly: Ints. Tom Campbell, Feb. 3, 1993; Kit Ashby, Jan. 20, 1993; Tom Caplan, Feb. 27, 1993; and Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993.
107 He often spoke of a high school friend: Int. Tom Campbell, Feb. 3, 1993.
107 In a paper he had written: Clinton describes the paper in a letter to Colonel Holmes, Dec. 3, 1969.
107 On the first day of March: Ints. Tom Campbell, Jan. 22, 1993, and Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993.
108 Within two weeks: Facts on File, March 14-20, 1968.
108 “a sort of never-never-land”: Int. Tom Campbell, Feb. 3, 1993.
108 One Sunday morning: Ints. Carolyn Yeldell Staley, Jan. 14, 1992, and June 8, 1993.
109 A few days later: Int. Phil Jamison, Feb. 21, 1993.
110 Early on morning of June 5: WP, June 6, 1968.
110 Another senior, who had just: Int. John Dagnon, Feb. 26, 1993.
110 Tommy Caplan learned the news: Int. Tom Caplan, Feb. 27, 1993.
111 The following day: The account of the 1968 Georgetown graduation is drawn from interviews with Kit Ashby, Jan. 20. 1993; Tom Campbell, Jan. 22, 1993; Tom Caplan, Feb. 27, 1993; Dave Kammer Feb. 6, 1993; David Matter, Feb. 5, 1993; and Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993.
111 But one member of the class Int. Jim Moore, Feb. 2. 1993.
112 Clinton and Moore used Little Rock: Int. Jim Moore, Feb. 2, 1993.
114 Clinton went to work full time: Ints. Lee Williams, May 14, 1993, and Jim McDougal, April 23, 1993.
115 “Lately I have returned”: Letter to Denise Hyland, August 1968.
115 The Frays had known Clinton: Ints. Paul and Mary Lee Fray, April 25, 1993.
116 Late in the summer: Ints. Tom Campbell, Feb. 3, 1993, and Sharon Ann Evans, July 13, 1993.
116 Clinton was a cool customer: Ints. Carolyn Yeldell Staley, July 12, 1993, and , July 13, 1993.
117 “From then on Sharon”: Int. Carolyn Yeldell Staley,July 12, 1993.
117 “The woman I marry”: Ibid.
117 When they reached Hot Springs: Int. Phil Jamison, Feb. 21, 1993.
118 Raymond Clinton took it upon himself: Int. Henry Britt, July 14, 1993. Los Angeles Times reporter William C. Rempel was the first to present an account of Raymond Clinton’s efforts, Sept. 2, 1992.
118 He belonged to the local chapter: Int. Henry Britt, July 14, 1993.
118 They were unlikely associates: Ints. Henry Britt, July 14, 1993, and Ray Smith, Jr., April 25, 1994.
119 Raymond paid a visit: Int. Henry Britt, July 14, 1993.
119 The first relief. Int. Henry Britt, July 14, 1993. L.A. Times, Sept. 2, 1992.
119 Britt called draft board: Ibid.
120 The draft board in Alameda: Int. Tom Williamson, April 15, 1993.
120 they strung a banner: Int. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993.
120 Dartmouth scholar John lsaacson: Int. John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
120 University of Iowa scholar: Int. Mike Shea, April 6, 1993.
120 Paul Parish’s mother: Int. Paul Parish, Oct. 23-25, 1993.
120 He cut a deal: Int. Willie Fletcher, Nov. 23, 1993.
120 Vanderbilt’s Walter Pratt: Int. Walter Pratt, April 28, 1993.
120 Clinton was less certain: Int. Denise Hyland, May 14, 1993. Letter to Denise Hyland, September 1968.
Seven: The Great Escape
122 He arrived wearing a gray suit: Int. Denise Hyland, May 14, 1993.
122 She was known as “The Big U”: Kludas, Arnold, Great Passenger Ships, p. 52; S.S. United States, p. 15.
123 “Anybody know what this song?”: lnts. Keith Marshall, Feb. 2, 1992, and Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993.
123 “felt like an outsider”: Int. George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993.
123 “something of the provincial”: Int. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993.
123 “overwhelmed by the intellectual”: Int. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993.
124 “At that age”: Int. John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
124 Clinton was different: lnts. George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993; Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993; Strobe Talbott, April 19, 1993; Rick Stearns, March 4, 1993; and Doug Eakeley, Dec. 19, 1993.
124 The first day at sea: Int. George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993.
124 “What a relief.” Int. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993.
124 stunted by Fairbanks Disease: Int. Robert Reich, Sept. 16, 1994.
124 “you put his size aside”: Int. Tom Williamson, April 15, 1993.
124 “He was a cartoonist”: Int. John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
125 They were quite a pair: lnts. John Isaacson, March 5, 1993, and Robert Reich, April 15, 1993.
125 Time magazine cover story: Time, June 7, 1968.
125 By the second morning: lnts. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993; George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993; Daniel Singer, March 5, 1993; and Darryl Gless, March 10,1993. Also, American Oxonian(October 1978).
126 “It’s wrong for me to be scared”: Clinton radio interview by Christopher Matthews, May 29, 1993, simulcast on KCBS Newsradio, San Francisco. 126 “A lot of us”: Int.Doug Eakeley, Dec. 19, 1993.
126 “all the boys were scared:” Int. Hannah Achtenberg, June 1, 1993.
127 Talbott was the cautious: Int. Strobe Talbott, June 2, 1993. Also Talbott Class Day Speech, Yale University, 1987, reprinted in Yale Alumni Magazine (Summer 1987).
127 “Reich saw nothing but forests”: Int. John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
127 He and his best friend: Int. Derek Shearer, Jan. 5, 1994.
127 “Many of us simply”: Strobe Talbott Class Day Speech, June 1968.
128 “The whole scene was bizarre”: Int. John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
129 “raw political talent”: lnts. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993, and Strobe Talbott, June 2, 1993.
129 “Look at him!”: Int. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993.
129 Singer lost the caravan: Int. Daniel Singer, March 5, 1993.
129 Four of them: Ints. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993, and Doug Eakeley, Dec. 19, 1993.
130 “They told me”: lnts. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993, and John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
Eight: The Dreaming Spires
131 He had a sitting room: Int. Doug Eakeley, Dec. 19, 1993.
132 Every morning during his first week: lnts. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993; Doug Eakeley, December 1993; and Rick Stearns, March 4, 1993.
132 “Sore and exhilarated”: Bill Clinton interview by John Pagan, Merton College Postmaster, 1992.
132 “We were suddenly within ruins!”: Int. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993.
132 It turned out that this boast: John R. Thackrah, The University and Colleges at Oxford, pp. 67-69.
132 “I am happy if lonely”: Letter to Denise Hyland, Oct. 14, 1968.
133 America seemed very far away: lnts. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993, and John Isaacson, March 5, 1993. Also Aldon D. Bell, London Impressions, and The American Oxonian (1968).
133 “the wind that blows”: From Peter Snow, Oxford Observed, p. 10.
133 “our cities were burning”: Int. Tom Williamson, May 26, 1993.
133 “always the character”: Int. Doug Paschal, March 3, 1994.
133 The cultural gap: lnts. George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993; Tom Williamson, May 26, 1993; and John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
134 “People were starting:” Int. Nick Browne, April 16, 1993.
134 “We knew about the barricades”: Int. Wilf Stevenson, March 29, 1993.
134 The protests at Oxford: Martin Amis, My Oxford, p. 206; Report of the Committee on Relations with Junior Members, Appendix A: Student Radicalism in Oxford, May 1969.
134 The most ferocious Oxford Union: Cherwell, Oct. 30, 1968.
135 “They assumed that because”: Int. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993.
135 Clinton’s reaction was similar: Int. Martin Walker, Feb. 19, 1993.
135 “Got results at Rhodes House”: Telegram to J. William Fulbright, Nov. 6, 1968. Note from Fulbright to Clinton, Dec. 3, 1968. From J. William Fulbright Papers, Special Collections Division, University of Arkansas Libraries.
136 British students at Oxford: Cherwell, Oct. 23, Oct. 30, 1968.
136 “It was easy for us”: Int. Martin Walker, Feb. 19, 1993.
136 Later in his life: In the 1992 interview with John Pagan, an American who had studied at Merton College, Clinton said: “I started off studying PPE….” Merton College Postmaster, 1992.
136 He began in what was called B. Litt.: Clinton’s records at Oxford as described by his former tutor, Zbigniew Pelczynski.
137 He also changed supervisors: Int. Zbigniew Pelczynski, March 23, 1993.
138 First was the Totalitarian school: “Political Pluralism in the USSR” by William J. Clinton.
139 Oxford, he later wrote: Amis, My Oxford, p. 203.
139 Clinton lingering: Int. Doug Eakeley, Dec. 19, 1993.
140 The informal club: Int. George Cawkwell, March 24, 1993.
140 The floating seminar: Int. Maurice Shock, March 24, 1993.
140 “quite fanatically political”: Int. Doug Paschal, March 3, 1994.
140 He intimidated everyone: lnts. Wilf Stevenson, March 29, 1993; Nick Browne, April 16, 1993; and John Isaacson, March 5, 1993.
141 Clinton “wasn’t very good”: Int. Chris McCooey, April 2, 1993.
142 He was partial to the shandy: Int. Strobe Talbott, June 2, 1993.
142 Rick Stearns had soft spot: Int. Rick Stearns, March 4, 1993.
142 “ Oh, no thank you’”: Int. Jarnes Shellar, Feb. 26, 1994.
142 He was an actor. Int. Robert Reich, April 15, 1993.
142 “Small and twinkly”. Int. John Albery, March 25, 1993.
142 Reich and Clinton were viewed: lnts. Chris McCooey, April 2, 1993, and Wilf Stevenson, March 29, 1993.
143 They hitchhiked everywhere: Int. Mike Shea, April 6, 1993.
143 At Clinton’s suggestion: Int. Tom Williamson, April 15, 1993.
143 Clinton talked to him: Int. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993.
144 Clinton had a fascination: Ints. Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993, and John lsaacson, March 5, 1993.
144 Clinton pondered that question: Letter to Denise Hyland, Dec. 13, 1968.
145 it had been damp and cold: Ints. Wilf Stevenson, March 29, 1993; Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993; and Daniel Singer, March 5, 1993.
145 Strobe Talbott ventured the other way: Int. Strobe Talbott, June 2, 1993.
146 Clinton made the longest journey: Ints. Hannah Achtenberg, June 1, 1993, and Virginia Kelley,July 12, 1993.
146 Dwire, in fact: Ints. Inez Cline, Sept. 15, 1992, and Virginia Kelley, July 12, 1993. Also Leading, p. 178.
146 “The surprise came off”: Letter to Denise Hyland, Jan. 1, 1969.
146 “I had no earthly idea”: Int. Virginia Kelley, July 12, 1993.
147 “Bill, you are still really interested”: Int. Carolyn Yaldell Staley, July 12, 1993.
147 “Thank you for having me”: Letter to Winthrop Rockefeller, Jan. 8, 1969. Winthrop Rockefeller Archives, University of Arkansas-Little Rock Library.
147 Few of the boys: Ints. David Leopoulos, June 9, 1993; Ron Cecil, Jan. 3, 1994; Herman Thomas, May 3, 1993; A. B. Jeffries, May 3, 1993; and Duke Watts, May 6, 1993.
Nine: Feeling the Draft
149 “Looks like I will finish”: Letter to Denise Hyland, Jan. 1, 1969.
149 On January 13: Letter to Denise Hyland, Jan. 27, 1969.
150 For Frank Aller: Ints. Hannah Achtenberg, June 1, 1993; Strobe Talbott, June 2, 1993; and Brooke Shearer, July 1, 1993.
150 “I believe there are times”: Quoted in NYT Magazine, Nov. 22, 1992, by Alessandra Stanley.
150 “When I decided to refuse”: Letter to Brooke Shearer, Nov. 3, 1970.
150 His friends held a party: Ints. Willie Fletcher, Nov. 23, 1993; Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993; Hannah Achtenberg, June 1, 1993; and John lsaacson, March 5, 1993.
151 “I remember it was drizzling”:American Oxonian (October 1978).
151 “We all knew how”: Int. Daniel Singer, March 5, 1993.
151 “there was very much the feeling”: Int. Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993.
151 “All of us”: Int. Willie Fletcher, Nov. 23, 1993.
152 he “failed to fail”: Int. Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993.
152 Butte even got permission: Int. George Butte, Feb. 24, 1993.
152 But every local board: Ints. Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993, and Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993.
152 Late at night: Int. Paul Parish, Oct. 25, 1993.
153 at Oxford she began rebelling. Int. Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993.
153 “by how well they all spoke”: Bill Clinton interview by John Pagan, Merton College Postmaster, 1992.
153 “It was a very good way”: Int. Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993.
153 They often discussed books: Ints. Strobe Talbott, June 2, 1993; Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993; and Paul Parish, Oct. 23, 1993.
153 “a very enthusiastic dancer”: Int. Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993.
154 Cannabis was “incredibly easy”: Cherwell, Jan. 29, 1969.
154 “We would scramble it”: Int. Martin Walker, Feb. 19, 1993.
154 blacked out on the way: Int. Paul Parish, Sept. 6, 1994.
154 “We spent enormous amounts of time”: Int. Sara Maitland, May 11, 1993. (Clinton’s marijuana use at Oxford became an issue during the 1992 presidential campaign largely because of the way he acknowledged it after previously refusing to answer questions about drug use or answering in technically correct bu
t elusive ways. On March 29, 1992, in a debate at WCBS-TV in New York, Clinton said: “I’ve never broken any state laws and when I was in England I experimented with marijuana a time or two and I didn’t like it. And I didn’t inhale and I didn’t try it again.” Typical of his answers before that was one he gave to Fox television on March 2, 1992: “I said I’ve never violated the drug laws of our country, and I haven’t.”) 154 “He was technically correct”: Int. Martin Walker, Feb. 19, 1993.
154 “this delightful, cheery”: Int. Charlene Prickelt, June 24, 1993.
155 Jackson knew Clinton: Int. Cliff Jackson, June 7, 1993.
155 “I was toddling to the train station”: Int. Charlene Prickelt, June 24, 1993.
155 All three British women: Int. Charlene Prickelt, June 24, 1993.
155 Waugh was in a singular position: Int. Jim Waugh, June 25, 1993.
155 Jackson had sailed: Int. Cliff Jackson, June 7, 1993.
156 “I am an ambitious person”: Letter to Leslie Campbell, May 8, 1969.
156 Those were the questions: Int. Cliff Jackson, June 7, 1993.
156 When Jackson got back to Oxford: Int. Cliff Jackson, June 7, 1993.
156 “Cliff had a personality”: Int. Jim Waugh, June 25, 1993.
157 Waugh spent many evenings: Int. Jim Waugh, June 25, 1993.
157 “I was scared and anxious”: Int. Cliff Jackson, June 7, 1993, Nov. 1, 1993.
158 “over a hundred politically inspired”: Gitlin, The Sixties, p. 342.
158 “I was naive”: Int. Darryl Gless, March 10, 1993.
159 Clinton would open: Int. Strobe Talbott, April 19, 1993.
159 “an end in itself”: Ronald Steel, Pax Americana, p. 13.
159 “What we need”: Ibid., p. 353.
159 Another scholar at Oxford; Int. Rick Stearns. March 4, 1993.
160 When the middle term at Oxford ended: Ints. Rick Slearns, March 4, 1993, and Rudiger Lowe, April 23, 1993.
160 “Have been in Bavaria”: Poslcard to Denise Hyland, March 27, 1969.
160 He had been speed-skating: Int. Rick Stearns, March 4, 1993.
161 Then the tempestuous relationship: Int. Rick Stearns, March 4, 1993- (Markesun declined interview requests.)
161 Clinton headed north: Int. Rudiger Lowe, April 23, 1993.
161 She landed at Heathrow: Int. Sharon Ann Evans, July 13, 1993.
First In His Class Page 67
