Red Cross, 446, 449, 466
Redfield, William C., 264–65, 327, 664
Red Scare, 670–71
Reed, James A., 316, 653
Reed, John, 412, 495
Reed, Thomas B., 138
Reformation, 25–26
Reid, Edith Gittings, 259, 304, 314
Remington, Frederic, 134
Renick, Edward I., 84–86, 105–6
Reparations, 365, 548, 566, 622
Allied demands for, 527, 531, 545, 559, 570, 599
Republican Party, 204, 221, 245, 259, 286, 292–93, 322, 325, 406, 630, 722, 723, 725
American delegate to Paris Peace Conference from, 18, 517–18, 573, 580, 600, 621
economic policies of, 231, 298, 299, 315–16
grass-root support for League of Nations in, 622–25
in midterm elections, 344–45, 503–6, 713
National Committee, 243
in New Jersey, 181, 190, 196, 200–203, 206, 210, 211, 215–16, 228
opposition to League of Nations and Treaty of Versailles in Senate of, 547–50, 552, 594, 595, 598, 605–9, 611–17, 627, 632, 652–57, 673
in Presidential elections, 9, 70, 129, 146, 163, 230, 236, 237, 240, 397, 404, 406, 410–13, 416, 677, 687, 691–93
Progressives in, 314, 402, 454
during Reconstruction, 41, 70
during Wilson’s recuperation from stroke, 652, 659–60, 681
women’s suffrage supported by, 492
during World War I, 342, 352, 364, 396, 422, 446, 477
Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC), 394
Revenue Act (1916), 407, 412, 477
Revenue Act (1921), 713
Rhenish Republic, 555, 557, 564, 573
Rhoads, James, 98–100, 103, 108
Rickenbacker, Edward, 481
“Road Away from Revolution, The” (Wilson), 726
Robinson, Joseph T., 675
Rockefeller, John D., 243, 298, 669
Rockefeller, John D., Jr., 332
Rockefeller Foundation, 727
Rockwell, Norman, 175
Rogers, Will, 397
Roman Empire, 33, 567
Romania, 514, 537, 574–76, 589
Romanovs, 11, 430
Rome (Georgia), 87–88
Romeo and Juliet (Shakespeare), 62
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 264, 546, 696, 715, 742
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 233, 238, 263–64, 387, 446, 546, 591, 609, 670, 690–92, 714, 715, 724, 734, 743
Roosevelt, Theodore (TR), 122, 137, 294, 325, 406, 410, 412, 488, 516, 612, 629
Bryan denounced by, 260
death of, 522
on Fourteen Points, 471, 504
honorary degrees of, 132
Hughes’s “victory” celebrated by, 414
imperialism of, 322
1912 Presidential campaign of, 6, 9, 206, 213, 230, 236–38, 240, 241, 244, 247, 254, 302
Presidency of, 136, 157, 242, 243, 245, 263, 266, 280, 290, 291, 307, 340, 505, 517, 518, 611, 658
Princeton visit of, 145
reelection of, 171
in Spanish-American War, 130
Taft picked as successor to, 172
Wood and, 463–64
during World War I, 337, 353, 362–63, 378, 386, 395, 403, 404, 411, 424, 457–59, 696
Root, Elihu, 145, 238, 260, 263, 322, 401, 517, 696
Root, Robert K., 144, 145
Roper, Daniel C., 724
Rorer, Sarah Tyson, 105
Rosenwald, Julius, 444, 445
Ruffin, Sterling, 641, 735–46
Russia, 11, 260, 379, 421, 488–89, 523, 526, 544, 548, 562, 563, 580, 585, 589–92, 609, 623, 670
civil war in, 526, 532–33
in World War I, 334, 336–38, 343, 354, 361, 385, 408, 417, 430, 465, 468, 470–73, 490, 498–99, 505, 514, 561, 583
Russian Revolution, 430, 431, 436, 466, 685, 726. See also Bolshevism
Saint-Gaudens, Augustus, 301
St. Mary’s College, 168
St. Mihiel, Battle of, 480
Salmon, Lucy, 104
Samoa, 537
Santayana, George, 127
Sargent, John Singer, 22
Sayre, Eleanor Axson, 417
Sayre, Francis Bowes (Frank), 254–55, 312, 317, 335, 352, 417, 546, 731, 738
Sayre, Francis Bowes, Jr., 352, 731, 742
Sayre, Jessie Wilson, 6, 204, 207, 254, 313, 329, 637, 650
bequest to, 440
in Bermuda, 255
birth of, 107
children of, 352, 417, 546, 551
childhood and adolescence of, 109, 114, 120, 135, 137, 144
correspondence with, 165, 167, 355, 406, 501, 694, 723
courtship of, 254–55
education of, 168
in England, 152
Edith and, 374, 389
and father’s death, 735, 738
and father’s illnesses, 150, 636, 642
during gubernatorial campaign, 196, 200
and inauguration, 271, 273–75
life in White House of, 277, 280, 316, 348
and mother’s death, 334, 335
and Mrs. Peck’s visit to Sea Girt, 219
and Presidential elections, 232, 247
in Siam, 731
at State of the Union address, 293
wedding of, 317, 318, 328
Sayre, Woodrow Wilson, 546, 551
Scheidemann, Philipp, 595, 597
Schenck v. United States (1918), 496
Schiff, Jacob, 264
Schlieffen Plan, 336
Schmedeman, Albert G., 696
Scopes “Monkey Trial,” 214
Scotland, 28
Church of, 26, 53
Scott, Isaac, 704, 715, 737
Scott, Mary, 704
Scott, Walter, 27, 35, 43, 49, 730
Scribner’s Magazine, 68
Seattle Daily Times, The, 218
Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 628
Sectionalism, 257, 270, 305
Secret Service, 5, 293, 304, 377, 389, 429, 432, 661, 693, 696, 704, 740
and assassination threats, 323, 388, 426–27, 429, 669
during courtship of Edith, 359, 362, 372
on cross-country League of Nations tour, 620
in Ellen’s funeral cortege, 335
President-elect Wilson guarded by, 254, 255, 261, 272
with Wilsons in Europe, 521, 565, 570
and Woodrow and Edith’s wedding, 380, 381
during women’s suffrage demonstrations, 489
Sedgwick, Ellery, 727
Sedition Act (1798), 453, 455, 494
Sedition Act (1918), 455, 494–95
Seeger, Alan, 417
Segregation, 12, 33, 42, 262, 309–10, 481, 578
of Army, 486
in Civil Service, 409
in higher education, 155, 401
protests against, 312, 345–47, 481–82
in Washington, D.C., 12, 306–12, 345, 671
Selective Service Act (1917), 457–59
“Self-Government in France” (Wilson), 75
Senate, U.S., 70, 114, 191, 292, 293, 435, 514, 518, 601, 623, 664, 684, 701, 725, 739
Banking and Currency Committee, 299, 315–16
confirmation of Supreme Court nominees by, 400–402
declarations of war approved by, 429, 462–63
delegation at Ellen’s funeral, 335
Democratic control of, 275, 397
/> direct election of members of, 344, 411, 416
election by state legislatures of members of, 153, 182, 204–6, 208, 251
Espionage and Sedition Acts passed by, 453–55
Finance Committee, 199, 295, 296, 475
Foreign Relations Committee, 394, 517, 540, 546, 549, 556, 605, 613, 615–18, 626, 627, 667
Judiciary Committee, 401
League of Nations debate in, 612–20, 652–53, 672–78, 680, 721, 724
during Mexican crisis, 322
Military Affairs Committee, 458
oil company investigations in, 712, 729
Panama Canal Act repeal vote in, 325, 595
during Paris Peace Conference, 537, 549–51, 558, 578, 591
peace plan presented to, 421–23
Prohibition legislation in, 627, 648
Republican control of, 506, 519, 693, 713, 723
Secretary of, 283
tariff legislation in, 190, 314
treaty approval power of, 96, 350, 386
Vice President as President of, 405
wartime shipping legislation in, 341–42, 425–26
Wilson’s aspirations for election to, 68, 79, 106, 111
and Wilson’s stroke, 644, 660, 681
and women’s suffrage, 492–94, 687
Serbia, 333, 334, 336, 421, 462, 470, 526, 529, 537, 575, 577, 589
Seward, William, 267
Seymour, Charles, 481, 537, 580
Shakespeare, William, 62, 77, 125, 315, 473, 571
Sharp, William Graves, 269
Shaw, Anna Howard, 409, 487, 489
Sheldon, Edward W., 67
Sherman, James S., 243, 519–20
Sherman, Lawrence, 652
Sherman, Gen. William Tecumseh, 34, 40, 531
Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890), 326, 443
Shipping Board, 447, 664, 681
Short Ballot Organization, 183
Short History of the English People (Green), 69, 75
Siam, 585, 731
Siddons, Sarah, 65
Silzer, George, 193, 195
Simmons, Furnifold McLendel, 296, 315
Sims, Adm. William Sowden, 463
Sinclair, Upton, 616
Sinclair Consolidated Oil Corporation, 712
Sinn Féin, 608
Slavery, 30, 32–33, 79, 84, 121, 229, 347, 356
abolition of, 41, 59, 77, 305
debates on justifiability of, 46, 55
segregation equated with, 346
Smith, Adam, 26, 95
Smith, Hoke, 214, 308, 327–28
Smith, James, Jr. “Sugar Jim,” 153, 181–82, 186, 190–93, 197–200, 202–210, 212, 225, 229, 344
Smith, Lucy, 383
Smith, Mary, 383
Smith College, 99
Smithers, Edward, 619
Smith-Lever Act (1913), 328
Smuts, Gen. Jan, 535, 585, 600, 705
Smyrna, 537
Snies, Joseph F., 44
Social Gospel, 258, 301
Socialist Party, 237, 409, 412, 416, 495, 670, 693
Socialists, 111, 136, 412, 424, 459, 513, 617, 686
Somme, Battle of the, 417, 480
Sonnino, Baron Sidney, 526, 530, 576, 601
Sorbonne, 20
Southall, Stephen O., 76
South Carolina, 70, 88, 157
South-Western Presbyterian University, 96
Spain, 285
Spanish-American War, 130, 290, 403, 464, 606, 616
Spanish flu, 474–75, 505–6, 568
Spargo, John, 617
Spring-Rice, Cecil, 468
Standard Oil of New Jersey, 189
Stanford University, 99, 447
Starling, Edmund W., 5, 359, 376, 377, 381, 521, 633–35, 661, 693, 704, 740
State, The (Wilson), 104, 107, 110, 111, 113, 211
State Department, U.S., 260–61, 343, 366–67, 385, 424, 522, 665–69, 738. See also names of Secretaries of State
States’ rights, 77, 290, 487, 492, 494
Staunton (Virginia), 29–30, 80–81, 258–59, 268, 270
Steffens, Lincoln, 471, 544, 563
Stengel, Alfred, 151
Stettinius, E. R., 446
Stitt, Adm. E. R., 641
Stockbridge, Frank P., 213, 217
Stone, William J., 394–96
Storey, Moorfield, 309
Stovall, Cecilia, 34
Stovall, Pleasant, 38–39
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 347
Strikes, 237, 332, 621, 626, 670, 682, 685
in Germany, 578
miners’, 332, 650, 665
railroad, 237, 399, 616
Stroheim, Erich von, 452
Stroud, Elizabeth, 687
Stroud, Robert, 687
Students’ Army Training Corps, 459–50
Suffrage, 72
white male, 41–42
for women. See Women’s suffrage
Suffragist Conference of the Allied Countries and the United States, 573–74
Sugar Trust, 200
Sun Yat-sen, 289, 350
Supreme Court, U.S., 10, 38, 70, 106, 146, 237, 335, 434, 723
income tax ruled unconstitutional by, 297
Princeton alumni on, 54–55, 67
slaves declared non-citizens by, 32
Wilson’s appointments to, 9, 338–39, 400–402, 404–5, 721
World War I curtailment of civil liberties upheld by, 495–97
Supreme War Council, 517, 523, 526, 544, 558
Sutherland, George, 712
Swann, Josephine Thomson, 158, 174, 178, 185
Swanson, Claude A., 617
Swarthmore College, 103
Sweden, 379
Swem, Charles, 255, 256, 281, 339, 363, 389, 617, 691, 692, 696
Switzerland, 515
Swope, Herbert Bayard, 527
Sykes, Mark, 561
Sykes-Picot Agreement, 561–62, 589
Syria, 260, 536, 561, 562, 589
Taft, Helen Herron, 273
Taft, William Howard, 172, 203, 264–66, 291, 324, 398, 517–18
Brandeis’s nomination to Supreme Court opposed by, 400, 401
as Chief Justice of Supreme Court, 729
foreign policy of, 287–90
helpfulness of, during Wilson’s transition period, 271, 273–74
and League of Nations, 551, 614, 675
in 1912 Presidential election, 9, 213, 230, 237, 242, 243, 247
oval office created by, 280
judicial appoinments of, 278, 307, 338
recession under, 332
segregation under, 307
tariffs under, 199, 295
and Wilson’s inauguration, 274–75
during World War I, 365, 446
Talcott, Charles, 68, 69, 72, 79, 204, 278
Tammany Hall, 181, 220, 230, 263, 268, 344, 689–90
Tannenberg, Battle of, 336
Taoists, 579
Tarbell, Ida, 11, 412, 451, 717
Tariff Commission, 86, 662
Tariffs, 85–86, 190, 261, 265, 340
as campaign issue, 231, 235, 238, 242, 245, 410
legislation reducing, 9, 262, 294–97, 300, 314, 316, 407
protective, 63, 85, 129, 199, 203, 217, 295, 713, 724
Tarkington, Booth, 116, 118, 451
Taylor, James, 740
Teapot Dome scandal, 712, 729, 740
Tennent, William, 52
Tennyson, A
lfred, Lord, 146
Terrell, Robert H., 307, 311
Thomas, Martha Carey, 98, 102–4, 108
Thomas, Norman, 157–58
Thomas Woodrow Wilson: A Psychological Study (Freud), 591
Thompson, Henry B., 164
Tilden, Samuel J., 70
Tillman, Benjamin R. “Pitchfork Ben,” 245, 308, 422
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 146
Tolstoy, Leo, 260
Toy, Nancy Saunders, 339, 352, 488
Treasury Department, U.S., 106, 262, 280, 297, 298, 300, 307–8, 312, 345, 444, 447, 476, 516, 663, 681
Register’s Division, 311
Trenton, Battle of, 131
Trinity College, 59, 128, 133
Triple Entente, 334, 575
Trotsky, Leon, 532
Trotter, William Monroe, 245–46, 345–47, 349, 481–82, 484, 616
Truman, Harry, 10, 480–81
Trusts, 163, 169, 170, 190, 237–42, 257, 265
tariffs and, 295, 410
Tulane University, 132
Tumulty, Joseph Patrick, 220, 256, 282, 303, 305, 331, 317, 426, 517, 619, 689, 706, 737, 740
in Cabinet appointment process, 259, 265, 268, 550
in conspiracy to keep Wilson’s stroke secret, 644–45, 648
on cross-country campaign for League of Nations, 627–29, 633–37
and Debs pardon request, 686–87
Edith’s opinion of, 373, 442
Ellen’s friendship with, 215
at first press conference, 291
during Mexican crisis, 287, 391–93
during midterm elections, 344, 345, 504
in New Jersey politics, 195, 199, 203, 204, 207, 208
opponents of League of Nations identified by, 603–5
during Paris Peace Conference, 546, 547, 557, 572, 579
during Presidential campaigns, 225, 232, 234, 246–48, 406, 409, 414, 691, 692
and screening of Birth of a Nation, 348–50
as secretary and adviser to President, 267, 283–84
Wilson’s break with, 718–21, 737
at Wilson’s funeral, 737
during Wilson’s recuperation, 650, 653–54, 658–59, 662, 667, 668, 672, 673, 675, 677–78, 684, 689
during World War I, 365, 385, 417–18, 423, 433, 434, 438, 455, 457, 458
Tunisia, 269
Turkey, 1, 260, 470, 514, 585, 589. See also Ottoman Empire
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 111–13, 122, 131–32, 136, 204
Tuskegee Institute, 138, 155
Twain, Mark, 132, 138, 160, 168, 181, 410, 630
Uganda, 537
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe), 347
Underwood, Oscar, 219, 229, 230, 232, 262, 270, 295, 296, 315, 344, 657, 695
Underwood-Simmons Revenue Act (1913), 296–97
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