CHAPTER 3: LANDSLIDE
1. Interview with Ferdinand Mount. 2. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 3. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 4. Ibid. 5. Ibid. 6. Chris Patten interview with David Butler, 13 November 1982, David Butler Archive, Nuffield College, Oxford. 7. Minutes of E Committee, 14 October 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, Industrial Policy, Industrial Relations Legislation, The Employment Bill, Part 9 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 8. Mount to Thatcher, 21 October 1982, TNA: PREM 19/1061 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128164). 9. Mount to Thatcher, 19 November 1982, TNA: PREM 19/1061 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128434). 10. Hansard, HC Deb 19 April 1983, 41/159 (http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1983/apr/19/engagements). 11. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 12. Ingham to Thatcher, 6 May 1983, CAC: THCR 3/5/23. 13. Interview with Lord Jopling. 14. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 15. Britto to Gow, 10 May 1983, THCR 2/6/2/61 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131255). Interview with Keith Britto. 16. David Butler interview with Anthony Shrimsley, 14 June 1983, David Butler Archive. 17. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 18. Ibid. 19. Interview with Lord Jopling. 20. Ferdinand Mount, Cold Cream: My Early Life and Other Mistakes, Bloomsbury, 2008, p. 335. 21. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 22. Ibid. 23. Interview with Peter Cropper. 24. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, HarperCollins, 1993, p. 284. 25. Speech to Wembley Youth Rally, 5 June 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105381). 26. Press conference to launch election manifesto (international press), 18 May 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105320). 27. Press conference to launch election manifesto, 18 May 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105319). 28. Election press conference, 20 May 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105324). 29. Interview with Katharine Ramsay. 30. David Butler memo to self, 24 May 1983, David Butler Archive. 31. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 32. Ibid. 33. Interview with Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury. 34. The Times, 21 May 1983. 35. Ibid. 36. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 37. Ibid. 38. David Butler interview with Keith Britto, 14 June 1983, David Butler Archive. 39. Radio Interview for BBC, 7 June 1983 (Christopher Collins, ed., Complete Public Statements of Margaret Thatcher 1945–90 on CD-ROM, Oxford University Press, 1998/2000). 40. Denis Kavanagh interview with Geoff Bish, 8 June 1983, David Butler Archive. 41. The Times, 26 May 1983. 42. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 424. 43. Speech in Cardiff, 23 May 1983, CAC: THCR 5/1/4/51 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105332). 44. Thatcher to Reagan, 9 May 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/31 Part 1 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131540). 45. Reagan to Thatcher, 10 May 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/31 Part 1 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131541). 46. Wright, telegram 1289, Washington, 10 May 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1008. 47. Armstrong to Thatcher, 14 March 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1007. 48. Walters to Thatcher, 25 April 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1008. 49. Howe to Thatcher, 4 May 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1008. 50. Record of conversation with Meese, 4 May 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1008. 51. Coles to Fall, 17 May 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1008. 52. Reagan to Thatcher, 24 May 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/31 Part 2 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131885). 53. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 299. 54. Note of Meeting on 11:30 am at Williamsburg, 29 May 1983, 1 June 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1009. 55. Ibid. 56. See Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 300. 57. General Election Press Conference, 31 May 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105356). 58. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 59. Reagan to Thatcher, 15 June 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/32 Part 1 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131545). 60. Interview with Lord Owen. 61. Manchester Evening News, 2 June 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105361). 62. BBC TV Interview with John Cole, 3 June 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105159). 63. Ibid. 64. Michael Spicer, The Spicer Diaries, Biteback, 2012, p. 66. 65. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 303. 66. John Campbell, Margaret Thatcher, vol. ii: The Iron Lady, Jonathan Cape, 2003, p. 193. 67. Conservative Party Election Broadcast, 7 June 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105382). 68. David Butler memo attached to his interview with Cecil Parkinson, 27 May 1983, David Butler Archive. 69. Interview with Jeremy Sinclair. 70. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 71. Ibid. 72. Ibid. 73. Speech at Finchley Town Hall, 10 June 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105393). 74. Interview with Peter Cropper.
CHAPTER 4: JOBS FOR HER BOYS
1. Flesher to Thatcher, 21 June 1983, CAC: THCR 1/11/13 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131086). 2. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 3. Ibid. 4. Ingham to Thatcher, 7 June 1983, CAC: THCR 1/11/15. 5. Interview with Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury. 6. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 7. Interview with Lady Ryder of Wensum. 8. TV Interview for BBC, 10 June 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105176). 9. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 10. Ibid. 11. Interview with William Rickett. 12. Interview with Sir Michael Scholar. 13. Ibid. 14. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 15. Ibid. 16. Interview with Lord Tebbit. 17. Wolfson to Thatcher, 10 June 1983, CAC: THCR 1/11/15 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131085). 18. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3 19. Ibid. 20. Interview with Lord Jopling. 21. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 22. Interview with Jonathan Pym. 23. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 24. Ibid. 25. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, HarperCollins, 1993, p. 307. 26. Ibid. 27. Interview with Lord Jopling. 28. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 29. Interview with Lord Rees. 30. Reported in The Times, 3 April 1986. 31. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 32. Ibid. 33. Alan Clark, Diaries, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1993, p. 8. 34. Interview with Lord Wakeham. 35. Clark, Diaries, p. 11. 36. Interview with Lord Wakeham. 37. Interview with Lord Deben. 38. Interview with Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury. 39. Interview with Tessa Gaisman. 40. Interview with Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury. 41. Interview with Rosie Alison. 42. Matthew Parris, Chance Witness: An Outsider’s Life in Politics, Viking, 2002, p. 350. 43. Interview with Tessa Gaisman. 44. Sparrow to Thatcher, 21 April 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1045. 45. Interview with Sir John Sparrow. 46. Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 16 June 1983 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 47. Interview with Ferdinand Mount. 48. Interview with Lord Tebbit. 49. Interview with Lord Lamont of Lerwick. 50. Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 16 June 1983 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 51. Ibid. 52. Stephen Wall, A Stranger in Europe: Britain and the EU from Thatcher to Blair, Oxford University Press, 2008, p. 22. 53. Thatcher to Kohl, 1 July 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/32 Part 2 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131930). 54. Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 23 June 1983 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 55. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 314. 56. Interview with Lord Weatherill. 57. Ibid. 58. Radio Interview for IRN, 28 July 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105426). 59. TV Interview for BBC, 28 July 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105184). 60. Interview with Thatcher, 5 July 1983, David Butler Archive. 61. Ibid. 62. Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 7 July 1983 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 63. Ibid. 64. Walters to Thatcher, 14 July 1983, TNA: PREM 19/985 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128136). 65. Ingham to Thatcher, 14 July 1983, TNA: PREM 19/985 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128135). 66. Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 21 July 1983 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 67. Interview with Lord Fowler. 68. Nigel Lawson, The View from No. 11, Bantam Press, 1992, pp. 305–6. 69. Thatcher to Lord Bishop of Ely, 16 June 1983, CAC: THCR 3/2/119. 70. Private memoir by John Coles written on leaving Downing Street in 1984, 14 June 1984, CAC: THCR AS 3/24 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/135761). 71. Ibid. 72. Interview with William Rickett. 73. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 74. Interview with Romilly, Lady McAlpine. 75. Thatcher personal minute to Cabinet Ministers, 5 August 1983, CAC: THCR 3/3/5 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131526). 76. Interview with William Rickett. 77. Mount to Thatcher, 5 August 1983, CAC: THCR 2/4/1/22 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/13114
5). 78. Thatcher to Parkinson, 10 August 1983, CAC: THCR 2/4/1/22 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131150). 79. Clark, Diaries, 4 August 1983, pp. 35–6. 80. Ibid. 81. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 82. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 83. Interview with Lord Deben. 84. Interview with Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury. 85. Ibid. 86. Thatcher Memoirs Materials, CAC: THCR 4/3. 87. Interview with Lord Deben. 88. Interview with Amanda Ponsonby. 89. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 90. Private Eye, 7 October 1983. 91. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 92. Ibid. 93. See Cecil Parkinson, Right at the Centre, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1992, pp. 249–50. 94. Ingham to Thatcher, 7 October 1983, CAC: THCR 1/12/16 Part 2 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131096). 95. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 96. Ferdinand Mount, Cold Cream: My Early Life and Other Mistakes, Bloomsbury, 2008, p. 343. 97. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 98. Interview with Lady Wakeham. 99. Interview with Amanda Ponsonby. 100. Interview with Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury. 101. Interview with Lady Ryder of Wensum. 102. Interview with Lord Parkinson. 103. Interviews with Lord McAlpine of West Green, Lord Sherbourne of Didsbury, Lord Young of Graffham. 104. Interview with Lord Deben. 105. Interview with Lord Tebbit. 106. Ibid. 107. Ingham, press digest, 17 October 1983, CAC: THCR 1/7/37 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/130980). 108. Interview with Ferdinand Mount. 109. Washington Post, 28 September 1983. 110. Millar to Thatcher, 15 June 1983, CAC: THCR 1/3/10 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131026). 111. Interview with Ferdinand Mount. 112. David Young, ‘The First Fifteen Months’, with Mount to Thatcher, 8 June 1983, Papers of Sir Alan Walters, CAC: WTRS 1/81. 113. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The German Ideology, Progress Publishers, 1976, p. 620. 114. Mount to Thatcher, 24 June 1983, CAC: THCR 1/15/9 Part 2 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131107). 115. Cockfield to Thatcher, 1 July 1983, Papers of Sir Alan Walters, CAC: WTRS 1/74. 116. Scholar to Walters, 5 July 1983, Papers of Sir Alan Walters, CAC: WTRS 1/74. 117. Ibid. 118. Ibid. 119. Ibid. 120. ‘Unemployment Seminar’ Note by Sir Alan Walters, Papers of Sir Alan Walters, CAC: WTRS 1/74. 121. Speech to Party Conference, 14 October 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105454). 122. Interview with Ferdinand Mount. 123. Redwood to Thatcher, 23 December 1983, CAC: THCR 5/1/5/241 Part 4 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/136300). 124. Ibid. 125. Interview with Ferdinand Mount. 126. Redwood to Thatcher, 23 December 1983, CAC: THCR 5/1/5/241 Part 4 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/136300). 127. Coles, Record of a discussion, 15 June 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1055 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139124). 128. Coles, Record of a Conversation, 24 June 1983. Ibid. 129. Interviews with Charles Freeman, Burton Levin. 130. Cradock telegram 580, Peking, 23 June 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1055 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139114). 131. Interview with Lord Howe of Aberavon. 132. Percy Cradock, Experiences of China, John Murray, 1994, pp. 202–3. 133. Interview with Sir Percy Cradock. 134. Interview with Lord Powell of Bayswater. 135. Ibid. 136. Private information. 137. Howe draft statement for Luce for Hong Kong media, 23 September 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1057 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139249). 138. Cradock, telegram 1325, 9 December 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1059 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139361). 139. Coles, Record of a Discussion, 16 January 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1262 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139864). 140. Howe to Thatcher, 29 March 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1263 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139894). 141. Youde, telegram 859, Hong Kong, 29 March 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1263 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139893). 142. Cradock telegram 1154, Peking, 7 November 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1059 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139275). 143. Cradock to Howe, 12 December 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1059 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139414). 144. Coles, Record of a Discussion, 6 April 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1264 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139742). 145. Foreign policy in the 1980s: an event in honour of Sir John Boyd KCMG (outgoing Master of Churchill College), Churchill Archives Centre, 6 February 2006. 146. Evans, telegram 739, Peking, 13 April 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1264 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139737). 147. Coles, Record of a Discussion, 15 May 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1265 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139698). 148. Draft letter from Thatcher to Zhao Ziyang, 10 July 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1266 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140351). 149. Cradock, Experiences of China, p. 201. 150. Ibid., p. 202. 151. Youde, telegram 2176, Hong Kong, 31 July 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1266 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140307). 152. Cradock to Thatcher, 3 August 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1267 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140010). 153. Powell, Record of a Meeting, 19 September 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1267 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/139963). 154. Interview with Lord Powell of Bayswater. 155. Ibid. 156. Telegram 3047, Peking, 19 December 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1502. 157. Interview with Lord Powell of Bayswater. 158. Speech Signing the Joint Declaration, 19 December 1984 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105817). 159. Interview with Lord Howe of Aberavon. 160. Interview with Lord Powell of Bayswater. 161. Interview with Lady Dunn. 162. Telegram 2202, Hong Kong, 2 August 1984, TNA: PREM 19/1267 (http:/www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140011).
CHAPTER 5: REAGAN PLAYS HER FALSE
1. Record of Conversation, Thatcher and Bush, 24 June 1983, TNA: PREM 19/979 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128131). 2. Memorandum of Telephone Conversation, Reagan and Thatcher, 10 June 1983, United Kingdom – 1983 – 06/03/1983–06/15/1983, Box 90424, Peter Sommer Files, Reagan Library. 3. Coles to Fall, 10 June 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1404 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140750). 4. Cited in Jonathan Aitken, Margaret Thatcher: Power and Personality, Bloomsbury, 2013, p. 474. 5. Thatcher to Reagan, 12 November 1982, CAC: THCR 3/1/26 Part 2 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/123549). 6. Interview with Sir Malcolm Rifkind. 7. Interview with Sir Nigel Broomfield. 8. Wright telegram 1989, 15 July 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1404 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140751). 9. Interview with Peter Robinson. 10. Address to the Nation on Defense and National Security, 23 March 1983, Public Papers of the Presidents, American Presidency Project (http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=41093&st=&st1=). 11. Lord Heseltine, in ‘The British Response to SDI’, seminar, held 9 July 2003, Centre for Contemporary British History, p. 30 (http://www.kcl.ac.uk/sspp/departments/icbh/witness/PDFfiles/SDI.pdf). 12. Reagan to Thatcher, 23 March 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/29 Part 2 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131533). 13. Ibid. 14. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, HarperCollins, 1993, p. 463. 15. Interview with Lord Armstrong of Ilminster. 16. Interview with Sir John Weston. 17. Hansard, HC Deb 29 March 1983, 40/178 (http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1983/mar/29/engagements). 18. Interview with Lord Howe of Aberavon. 19. Cited in Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 451. 20. Cited in Archie Brown, ‘The Change to Engagement in Britain’s Cold War Policy: The Origins of the Thatcher–Gorbachev Relationship’, Journal of Cold War Studies, vol. 10, no. 3, Summer 2008, pp. 7–8. 21. Ibid. 22. Thatcher to Reagan, 15 September 1983, NSA Head of State file, UK PM Thatcher Cables (3), Box 35, Reagan Library. 23. Ibid. 24. Strategy Meetings on Foreign Affairs and Defence, Howe to Thatcher, 5 September 1983, Freedom of information request to FCO by the Machiavelli Center, University of Pavia, 2007 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/111072). 25. Meeting at Chequers on 8 September 1983, Contemporary notes by Archie Brown, kindly made available to the author. 26. 8 September 1983, untitled handwritten note, CAC: THCR 1/10/53 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/130942). 27. Meeting at Chequers on 8 September 1983, Contemporary notes by Archie Brown. 28. Cited in Brown, ‘The Change to Engagement in Britain’s Cold War Policy’, p. 13. 29. Archie Brown, ‘Leader of the Prologue’, in Ferdinand Mount, ed., Communism, Harvill, 1992, p. 297. 30. Colquhoun to Neville-Jones, 12 September 1983, FCO papers, RSO13/1, cited in Brown, ‘The Change to Engagement in Britain’s Cold War Policy’, p. 30. 31. Interview with Sir Malcolm Rifkind. 32. Ibid. 33. Interview with Sir John Coles. 34. Ibid. 35. Ibid. 36. Coles to Fall, 12 September 1983, FCO FOI request by the Machiavelli Center, Universi
ty of Pavia (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/111075). 37. Ibid. 38. Ibid. 39. Interview with Lord Powell of Bayswater. 40. Interview with Michael Deaver. 41. Ibid. 42. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 321. 43. Interview with Sir John Coles. 44. Diary of Ronald Reagan, 29 September 1983, The Reagan Diaries, HarperCollins, 2007, p. 183. 45. Memorandum of Conversation, The President and British Prime Minister Thatcher, 29 September 1983, Box 90424, Peter Sommer Files, Reagan Library. 46. Speech at the Winston Churchill Foundation Award dinner, 29 September 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105450). 47. Ibid. 48. Thatcher interview for Daily Mail, 4 November 1983, CAC: THCR 5/1/1E/46 Part 1 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105212). 49. George Urban, Diplomacy and Disillusion at the Court of Margaret Thatcher, I. B. Tauris, 1996, p. 57. 50. Interview with George Shultz. 51. Speech to Conservative Party Conference, 14 October 1983 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/105454). 52. Interview with Oleg Gordievsky. 53. Ibid. 54. Ibid. 55. Interview with Sir John Scarlett. 56. Interview with Sir Colin McColl. 57. Geoffrey Howe, Conflict of Loyalty, Macmillan, 1994, p. 350. 58. Gordon Barrass, The Great Cold War: A Journey through the Hall of Mirrors, Stanford University Press, 2009, p. 299. 59. Ibid., p. 301. 60. Gordon Barrass offers perhaps the best account of this in ibid., pp. 298–305; see also Nate Jones, ‘Countdown to Declassification: Finding Answers to a 1983 Nuclear War Scare’, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 69, no. 6, 2013, pp. 47–57. 61. ‘Soviet Union: Concern about a Surprise NATO Attack’, 8 May 1984, see Peter Burt, ‘Thirty years Ago: The Nuclear Crisis which Frightened Thatcher and Reagan into Ending the Cold War’, Nuclear Information Service, 3 November 2013 (http://nuclearinfo.org/blog/peter-burt/2013/11/thirty-years-ago-nuclear-crisis-which-frightened-thatcher-and-reagan-ending). 62. Interview with Sir Rodric Braithwaite. 63. See Christopher Andrew, The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5, Allen Lane, 2009, p. 709. 64. ‘Soviet Concern about a Surprise NATO Attack’, 10 April 1984, see Burt, ‘Thirty years ago: the nuclear crisis which frightened Thatcher and Reagan into ending the Cold War’. 65. Interview with Sir John Scarlett. 66. 241847z Oct 83, Reagan to Thatcher, NSC: Country File, UK Vol. V (3 of 3), Box 91331, Reagan Library. 67. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, pp. 330–31. 68. Interview with Josephine Louis. 69. Reagan to Thatcher, 2200 Zulu, 24 October 1983, CAC: THCR 3/1/33 Part 3 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131575). 70. Howe, Conflict of Loyalty, p. 329. 71. Interview with Lawrence Eagleburger. 72. Interview with Bud McFarlane. 73. Interview with Lord Howe of Aberavon. 74. Interview with Bud McFarlane. 75. ‘G. P. Shultz – Turmoil Draft’, Great Britain, Box 61, Papers of Charles Hill, Hoover Institution, Stanford, CA. 76. Interview with Sir Derek Thomas. 77. Interview with Lord Renwick of Clifton. 78. Robin Renwick, A Journey with Margaret Thatcher, Biteback, 2013, p. 144. 79. Report, 21 October 1983, Prime Minister’s Papers, Grenada, Part 1 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 80. Coles to Thatcher, 21 October 1983. Ibid. 81. Ibid. 82. Interview with John Poindexter. 83. See Duane Clarridge, A Spy for All Seasons: My Life in the CIA, Scribner, 2002, p. 252. 84. Hill to McFarlane, Grenada SSG, 22 October 1983, Exec Sec, NSC: Records of National Security Planning Group, ‘NSPG0075 23 Oct 1983’, Box 91306, Reagan Library. 85. Interview with Duane Clarridge. 86. Interview with Kenneth Adelman. 87. Interview with Jack Matlock. 88. Interview with Lord Howe of Aberavon. 89. Cited in H. W. Brands, Reagan: The Life, Doubleday, 2015, p. 401. 90. Wright telegram 3084, 22 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128213). 91. Interview and correspondence with Jonathan Howe. 92. Interview with Lord Luce. 93. Ibid. 94. Ibid. 95. Howe telegram 291, 22 October 1983, CAC: THCR 1/10/61 Part 1 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/131318). 96. Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 330. 97. Renwick, A Journey with Margaret Thatcher, p. 144. 98. Interview with Lord Renwick of Clifton. 99. Howe, Conflict of Loyalty, p. 328. 100. Record of a conversation between Thatcher and Dam, 7 November 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1151 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128198). 101. Hansard, HC Deb 24 October 1983, 47/30 (http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1983/oct/24/grenada). 102. Thatcher annotation on House of Commons Statement by the Foreign Secretary, 24 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128146). 103. Bridgetown telegram 342, 23 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128217). 104. Washington telegram 3099, 24 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048. 105. Interview with Sir John Coles. 106. Thatcher to Reagan, 25 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128147). 107. Ibid. 108. Interview with Lord Butler of Brockwell. 109. Ibid. 110. Ibid. 111. Coles to Fall, 25 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128329). 112. Interview with Michael Deaver. 113. 250656z Oct 83, Reagan to Thatcher, 25 October 1983, Exec Sec, NSC: Country File, UK Vol. V (3 of 3), Box 91331, Reagan Library. 114. Ronald Reagan, An American Life: The Autobiography, Simon & Schuster, 1990, p. 454. 115. Coles to Ricketts, 26 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128224). 116. Ibid. 117. Kingston telegram 304, 26 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1048 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128225). 118. Interview with Lord Fellowes. 119. Interview with Sir John Ure. 120. Interview with James Baker. 121. Memorandum of telephone conversation, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, 26 October 1983, Exec Sec, NSC: Country File, UK Vol. V (3 of 3), Box 91331, Reagan Library. The Library has also released a tape of the call (RAC Box 53, White House Situation Room Records). 122. Ibid. 123. ‘Memcon of conversation between President Reagan and Prime Minister Hawke re Grenada’, 26 October 1983, Exec Sec, NSC: Country File, Australia (2/16/84–1/31/85), Box 6, Reagan Library. 124. 281444z Oct 83, ‘President’s call to Thatcher had a very favorable impact’, State Department Archives, released under FOIA Case #200605058. 125. Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 27 October 1983 (document consulted in the Cabinet Office). 126. Ibid. 127. Hansard, HC Deb 27 October 1983, 47/423 (http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1983/oct/27/engagements). 128. Radio interview for BBC World Service, 30 October 1983 (Christopher Collins, ed., Complete Public Statements of Margaret Thatcher 1945–90 on CD-ROM, Oxford University Press, 1998/2000). 129. Interview with John Lehman. 130. Interview with George Shultz. 131. 071453z Nov 83, McFarlane to Armstrong, 7 November 1983, Exec Sec, NSC: Country File, UK Vol. V (3 of 3), Box 91331, Reagan Library. 132. McFarlane to Armstrong, 2 November 1983, UK, Box 90762, Donald Fortier Files, Reagan Library. 133. Coles to Armstrong, 11 November 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1404 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140752). 134. The Times, 7 November 1983. 135. Renwick to Ure, 28 October 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1404. 136. Interview with Sir John Ure. 137. Diary of Kenneth Dam, 6–9 November 1983, State Department Archives, released under FOIA Case #200807054. 138. Correspondence with Kenneth Dam. 139. 081312z Nov 83, ‘Deputy Secretary Dam’s Meeting November 7 with Prime Minister Thatcher’, State Department Archives, released under FOIA Case #200601766. 140. Record of a conversation between the Prime Minister and Mr. Dam of the US State Department, 7 November 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1151 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/128198). 141. Interview with Kenneth Dam. 142. 101656z ‘Thatcher and the US: Where we are, what to do’, 10 November 1983, UK-1983-11/7/83–11/19/83, Box 90424, Sommer Files, Reagan Library. 143. Interview with Edward Streator. 144. Cobb to Poindexter, undated, UK-1983-12/4/83–12/10/83, Sommer Files, Reagan Library. 145. Bush to Thatcher, 9 December 1983, CO 167: 207639, WHORM File, Reagan Library. 146. Thomas to Thatcher, 15 December 1983, TNA: PREM 19/1404 (http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/140753). 147. Ibid.
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