by Dylan Tomine
CLOSER
TO THE
GROUND
An outdoor family’s year on the water,
in the woods and at the table
DYLAN TOMINE
Foreword by Thomas McGuane
Illustrations by Nikki McClure
CONTENTS
Foreword
Introduction
SPRING
Let’s Get This Party Started
The Food Starts Here
The Significance of Birds
Springers
Conversation with a Six-Year-Old
Firewood I: Inventory
Off the Deep End
SUMMER
Digging Deep
Give and Take
The Significance of Birds II
Summer, Eventually
Firewood II: Product Management
You Can’t Eat Dahlias
Kings of Summer
AUTUMN
Something Bright and Shiny
Blackberries
Light in the Forest
Conversation with a Three-Year-Old
Last Chance
The Significance of Birds III
Firewood III: Procurement
Another World
WINTER
Going Coastal: Guns and Shovels
Prius Envy
The Significance of Birds IV
On the Road
Deep Freeze
Conversation with Stacy
Firewood IV: Production
Crab for Christmas
Gratitude
About The Author
About The Illustrator
The Responsible Company
Paddling North
The Voyage Of The Cormorant
Copyright Page
For Stacy, Skyla, and Weston
FOREWORD
Thomas McGuane
Surely, sustainable must be among the most abused words in today’s lifestyle vocabulary. For many, it imagines only two classes of people: the thoughtful and the stupid; the biodegradable versus the carbon footprint. For others, it suggests a mandate to live in a manner that, while not impossible, is uninviting to all but frowning zealots. Most writing on sustainability is aimed at those who enjoy being lectured, but the subject is too important to be framed so unattractively. People are baffled at having to choose between the gangplows of industrial farming and a two-man goat cheese operation. The real issue is that the condescension and finger pointing of too much environmental writing is not helping our most important cause.
Tomine’s book is different. It does not castigate city dwellers and suburbanites for living in the dark. Dylan Tomine and his wife have lived that way themselves and found plenty to like about it. But they missed a greater connection with the earth – not so much disappearing from the grid as noticing weather, noticing seasons and animal migrations, tracking tides and enduring often hard physical contact in bringing part of their subsistence to hand. They wanted to do this without ignoring the intrusions and vicissitudes inherent to family life in the 21st century, and with the skyline of a major city in sight. It must be a satisfying life, because Tomine does not seem to feel called upon to cast aspersions on anyone else. How badly and greedily many of his countrymen live is for someone else to worry about.
The life he describes validates family values – but not the “family values” that we associate with the vassalage of organized religion. There’s plenty of religion in this book, but it’s embedded in the ceremonies of the Tomines, and in the wonder of a father and mother at the things their children do. It’s the circuitry of a devoted family that absorbs the adults and makes the children feel important. They share the challenge and fulfillment offered by the natural world because they find, gather, and catch so much of it. Is this subsistence living? No. They also go to the store, whenever they feel like it. It’s just that they shop with a little less urgency.
So many stories of this kind are about healing, but the Tomine family is not wounded. No sense looking into this book for food gathering as healing. These are buoyant people, and it’s remarkable how absorbed the children are in foraging and how proud they are to eat and share the results. Nor has this life let them be easily bored, though they have seen plenty of bored children, made frantic and impatient by texting and social media.
This author is leading by example, and the quiet message is to learn to live with the things that really matter, the eternal things about the earth, and about each other.
McLeod, Montana
INTRODUCTION
Neck deep in salal and black huckleberry, covered with spiderwebs and dripping sweat, I stop to rest on an ancient windfall fir. It’s too early for chanterelles to be showing in abundance, but I’m determined. So far, that determination has paid off with three tiny mushrooms and the creeping realization that I have no idea which way the trail lies. In short, I’m lost. Not catastrophically so – there are trails throughout the woods here, and I’m only about a mile from the house – but still, it makes you think. As I try to decide if that huge cedar stump looks familiar or not, I’m struck by a strange sense of nostalgia. Not a specific memory, but rather a feeling of what it was like to be a small kid in the woods searching for something I could eat.
Now that I think about it, I’ve always been a hunter-gatherer. Maybe it’s some latent genetic code we all share, but for me, it goes back to my mom’s “If you pick ’em, I’ll bake it” blackberry pie policy. The thought of those fragrant pies, with their sweet-tart filling and savory lattice crust, was enough to send the neighborhood kids and me on nearly constant searches for the first, best, and last berries of the season. There was also a magnetic draw to poaching the neighbor’s apples, pears, and raspberries; to the six-inch trout caught on the way to school and roasted over a twig fire; to the quail I sluiced with my trusty Daisy BB gun and triumphantly cooked for the family. That most of these activities were vaguely illegal only added to the allure. For a 10-year-old boy, it was delicious freedom knowing that I could find and eat my own wild food, even if I was limited to bicycle range and rarely left the confines of the small Oregon town where I grew up.
But as the years passed, new interests replaced childhood passions. Girls, sports, cars, school, and eventually, work, took priority, as they typically do with boys everywhere. Mucking around the woods or rivers became uncool and, more than that, detrimental to success at “real life” activities. The skinny kid riding his bike with a fly rod in one hand and half a dozen trout dangling from the handlebars discovers a larger world, and the purple-stained fingers of a hardcore berry picker fade.
There was a time when I found myself waking before dawn on winter mornings, riding an elevator down to the underground parking garage of my big-city high-rise apartment, driving through streets lit by neon to another underground parking lot, and riding yet another elevator up to my office. Nine hours later, in darkness again, I would reverse the process and end my day having never breathed a single breath of outside air. This was, and I suppose still is, considered “real life,” by many of my colleagues.
During that time, I spent every weekend fishing and my allotted two-week vacation traveling to various outdoor destinations. But no matter how hard I tried, I could never quite shake the sensation of being a tourist in the activities that meant the most to me. It was unsatisfying, like coming into a theater in the middle of a movie and leaving before the end. Somehow, in pursuit of “real life” I had lost touch with the real world and its day-to-day rhythms of tide, weather, and season. Its one thing to look outside and say, “Better take an umbrella”; its something else entirely when early autumn rain carries the significance of salmon migrating to river mouths and chanterelles emerging in the woods. It was this kin
d of meaning that I was missing.
But this is not a story of radical escape from city life, fraught with harrowing adventures of wilderness survival. We are neither yurt-dwelling back-to-the-landers nor flag-waving bunker separatists. We aren’t off the grid, in the dark, or way out there. A failed crop or lousy fishing season simply means we’ll go to the store a little more often. If I don’t cut enough wood, we turn on the heat. We have electricity and plumbing, high-speed Internet, cable TV, DVD players, cell phones, laptops and all the rest of the usual suburban accoutrements. Most of our food still comes from the grocery store and we’re not necessarily strangers at the mall or Costco.
In other words, I have nothing against the city. I can’t even imagine living without it. Or, more precisely, I can’t imagine living without its food: sushi, dim sum, proveletta, chile verde, laksa. Grinders from Grand Central Bakery. Various cured meats from Salumi. Handmade corn tortillas at El Puerco Lloron. A slice of pepperoni pizza from Pagliacci… These are just a few of the reasons that keep us from a true subsistence life in deep wilderness.
When it comes to living off the land, we are amateurs – recreationists, really – who’ve learned just enough to recognize how little we know. Luck still plays a major role in all our outdoor activities, with stumbles, setbacks, and miscalculations a familiar part of most days. Which is to say, if you’re looking for any kind of expert, “howto” advice, I would suggest you’ll have much better luck elsewhere. In fact, the only subject I can reasonably claim to be an authority on is…well, it escapes me at the moment.
During our first years living together in Seattle, Stacy and I were dedicated urbanites, working, eating, and sleeping downtown and taking full advantage of everything the city had to offer. But gradually, we found ourselves shifting to a strange, part-time rural existence, motivated by a taste for wild foods we could only find in the country. The life of a city-based dilettante hunter-gatherer, though, is not easy. Try parking a drift boat in a crowded underground garage or finding a place to dump crab guts in a high-rise apartment. Step into an elevator stinking of tidal mud and lugging a bucket of geoducks, and your neighbors press against the back wall with fear in their eyes.
Then we had Skyla. If we were already feeling the gravitational pull of a life more connected to the earth, our baby daughter was the catalyst. It wasn’t long before we packed up and moved to this house in the woods on an island in Puget Sound, although that probably sounds more romantic than it really is. This particular island is merely a suburb of the big city we left, and many who live here commute daily by ferry to the high-rise office buildings we can see from our shores. Suburban sprawl, with its Nouveau Craftsman home clusters and manicured lawns, is rapidly consuming the old farms and open forest. But the Island has also managed to retain a deeply rooted sense of community, and at least for now, there’s still plenty to keep us busy in the woods and on the water near home.
Clearly, our life here isn’t about survival – at least not in the usual sense. For us, I think it’s more about living and raising our children in a way that keeps us in touch with our surroundings. Our constant search for firewood, oysters, and mushrooms brings a heightened awareness to even the most mundane activities: Driving to the store for milk, we scan the roadside for windfall madrona trees, new tide flats, good places for chanterelles. Walking to the mailbox, we glance at the treetops for a reading on the wind. A dog-eared tide book hangs on the wall by the phone, and there’s another in the car. The weather means more than just what shoes to wear or whether to pack an umbrella. This day-to-day, season-to-season awareness has become a vital part of our lives.
As parents, Stacy and I are just starting to understand how active participation in food gathering and production affects our children. When six-year-old Skyla and three-year-old Weston eat the tomatoes they grew, fish they caught, or berries they picked, we can see the pride that comes from contributing to family meals. When the kids serve these same foods to guests, their pride grows exponentially. The biggest surprise, though, is that our children have come to view healthy food – salmon, oysters, homegrown broccoli – as delicious treats. It could be their involvement in bringing these foods to the table, but it also might be the simple fact that fresh and wild foods taste better than what’s available at the supermarket.
Another factor here is our search for ways to deal with the onslaught of electronic communication that seems to define modern life. It’s not that I’m against technology. In fact, last year I learned text messaging so I could stay connected with our small fleet of anglers who share on-the-water reports. But not long ago, Stacy and I were at a barbecue hosted by friends with teenage kids. When I came inside to grab some fish for the grill, I saw two kids sitting at opposite ends of the couch, furiously texting away. It was sunny and warm outside, and here they were in a dark room, staring at cell phones. I asked with whom they were communicating, and without even glancing up, they pointed to each other. I couldn’t help but feel this wasn’t the future I wanted for my children. Perhaps in vain, Stacy and I hope that outdoor pursuits might balance the inevitable technological “advances” that are sure to be a part of their lives.
The process of finding or growing food with our kids provides learning opportunities for all of us. Of course, there are specific skills and knowledge, which accumulate over time, leading to better results and more consistent success. But there’s something beyond that as well. Any student of Zen Buddhism can find valuable lessons while following a three-year-old as he moves through the woods searching for mushrooms. Everything – and I mean everything – along the way is significant, interesting, and fun. The actual picking of mushrooms is almost beside the point.
One of my false assumptions about outdoor activities with children was that achieving your stated goal – finding, catching, picking, harvesting – is crucial. I based this belief, in part, on my own goal-oriented approach to most things, but also on consistent input from friends, acquaintances, and media sources. I can’t count the times I’d heard or read that children have short attention spans, so if you want them to enjoy fishing, make sure they catch fish quickly and often. It made sense and I bought into it. But on many occasions, I have found the opposite to be true.
For example, while salmon fishing last summer with the kids, we spent the day trolling, a technique where rods are placed in holders and left there until a fish is hooked. It increases the odds of catching fish by allowing you to cover a lot of water at specific depths. I figured we’d hook more salmon and the kids would be free to fidget, watch for wildlife, eat snacks, etc. We had a good day, but the kids seemed unusually subdued. I chalked it up to fatigue from our early start.
When it was time to quit, I cut off our fishing gear and ran the lines out behind the boat to untwist as we motored in. “Dad, can we hold the rods?” Skyla asked. I told her there weren’t any hooks on the lines, that they wouldn’t catch anything. “I know,” she said, “but what we really like about fishing is holding the rods.” Oh. I handed them each a rod with empty line trailing in our wake and both kids sparked to life – smiling, chattering, and cooking up fantastic make- believe fishing stories. I’m learning to redefine my understanding of the word “success.”
People often ask about the financial benefits of wild food, and I always pause before answering. In light of recent economic conditions, foraging looks better and better all the time. In a 2008 survey of Washington State residents, a surprising percentage of our rural population said they actually looked forward to an economic collapse. Their reasoning? They could survive with hunting, fishing, and foraging skills. Hard times would validate their way of life. I admit, there was at least a little of this kind of thinking going on in our household as well. But the truth is, when you factor in time and equipment costs, it’s probably cheaper to buy your beets or salmon at the store.
The value of eating from the land and sea, though, can’t be calculated in simple fiscal terms. Salmon fishing, clam digging, gardening, and berry p
icking are all recreational activities that benefit our family, both on the dinner table and through the process of sharing time together outside. If we come out ahead in the capital expenditure column from time to time, we consider it a bonus.
Compared with other recreation I’ve enjoyed over the years, such as golf or catch-and-release fly-fishing, our current activities just seem to work better for the family. This wasn’t an easy conclusion for me to reach, though. In fact, I came to it after years of releasing every fish I caught and working as a fishing guide and conservation advocate. To many of my friends in these circles, killing and eating fish you catch is considered something worse than sin.
But after a lot of thought, I don’t believe the life we live conflicts with the ethics of conservation. I’m still deeply involved in conservation work and spend more than my share of time with a fly rod in hand, releasing the wild fish I catch. The fish we kill and eat today are only from hatchery origins or the rare healthy, sustainable wild stocks. Our firewood comes from windfall or trees felled for reasons other than burning. We grow our vegetables without pesticides or other chemicals. If anything, the process of harvesting food from nature has only increased our awareness of how human activity affects the environment. Are we “carbon neutral” or impact free? Not by a long shot. But we consciously do the best we can to minimize our footprints on the land and water.
Finally, there is this: Hunting, gathering, growing, fishing, processing, and cooking are all time consuming, labor intensive, and, at times, enormously frustrating. It would be a hell of a lot easier to just toss something in the microwave, sit on the couch, and flip on the TV. Add young children into the mix and I assure you, there will be times when parental forehead veins bulge and blood pressure soars. What always amazes me, though, are the small, unexpected moments of grace and beauty that rise from the chaos.
As I sit here, lost in the woods, the gathering dusk reminds me that I need to find the trail home. A few more chanterelles to go with the deer steaks I traded for last week wouldn’t hurt, either. Now I’m pretty sure that cedar stump is the one that marks the mushroom bonanza we stumbled into last season. In which case, the trail lies just to the west. Or maybe it doesn’t. But it occurs to me that this is really what it’s all about: looking closely at the ground ahead, trying to find our place in the natural world.
