by Max Hastings
75 ‘Moltke told me’ Mombauer p.118
76 ‘We must appear as’ Keith Wilson p.39
76 ‘The Kaiser absolutely’ ibid. p.199
77 ‘There is something crude’ Asquith to VS 30.7.14 p.136
77 ‘Who rules in Berlin’ Mombauer p.205
78 ‘Things are hanging’ Bertie diary 30.7.14
79 ‘It was like a funeral’ Flood, P.J. France 1914–18: Public Opinion and the War Effort Macmillan 1990 p.10
79 ‘As soon as the diplomats’ Recouly p.110
79 ‘Henri de Rothschild’ ibid. p.111
80 ‘Only on 3 August’ Reichsarchiv (ed.) Der Weltkrieg 1914–1918, Vol. I Berlin Mittler 1925 pp.104–5
81 ‘I want to wage’ Mombauer p.223
81 ‘Played in the garden’ Longerich, Peter Heinrich Himmler: A Life OUP 2011 p.19
81 ‘It was a warm, sunny’ Verhey p.59
81 ‘The mood is brilliant’ Keith Wilson p.39
81 ‘it is dreadful’ Mombauer 14.6.15
81 ‘Gottlieb Jagow’ Keith Wilson p.28
82 ‘We were reconciled’ Wolff diary 17.2.15
82 ‘most people were’ Verhey p.58
82 ‘We were half happy’ Schädla diary 1.8.14
82 ‘Now all our fears’ ibid. 19.8.14
83 ‘In a highly nervous state’ Bertie diary 31.7.14
83 ‘like all Parisian drivers’ Rioux, Jean-Pierre La Dernière journée de paix p.66
83 ‘just at the moment’ ibid. p.68
83 ‘As I came out’ Recouly p.114
84 ‘Mobilisation is not war’ ibid. p.116
84 ‘no one believed him’ ibid.
84 ‘The populace is very calm’ Bertie diary 1.8.14
84 ‘everything seemed strange’ Wharton, Edith A Backward Glance NY Appleton-Century 1934 p.336
4 THE BRITISH DECIDE
85 ‘a civilised people’ Jay, John Freud: A Life Little Books 2006 p.347
85 ‘one feels bitter’ Stumpf, Richard Erinnerungen aus dem deutsch-englischen Seekriege auf S.M.S. Helgoland, in: Die Ursachen des Deutschen Zusammenbruches im Jahre 1918, 4th Series, Vol. X, 2, Berlin Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft für Politik und Geschichte 1928 p.11 2.8.14
85 ‘no one who was not in Paris’ Guard, William J. The Soul of Paris: Two Months in the French Capital During the War of 1914 Sun Co. 1914 p.12
86 ‘At a dinner on 31 July’ Baring, Maurice Flying Corps Headquarters 1914–18 Buchan & Enright 1985 p.6
87 ‘or rather, lack of it’ Recouly p.51
87 ‘The Economist warned’ Economist 1.8.14
87 ‘I can honestly say’ Asquith to VS 1.8.14 p.139
88 ‘this was the decision’ Recouly p.55
88 ‘Lloyd George sent back’ Keith Wilson p.179
88 ‘At 3 p.m. on 2 August’ Recouly p.130
88 ‘Let us go to mass’ ibid. p.128
89 ‘small countries, such as Belgium’ Albert, King of the Belgians Le Roi Albert à travers de ses lettres inédites 1882–1916 ed. Thielemans and Vandevoude Brussels 1982 p.85
89 ‘The response was very’ Recouly p.137
89 ‘Oh, the poor fools’ Gibson, Hugh A Journal from Our Legation NY 1917 p.43
90 ‘British and French soldiers’ see Keith Wilson p.155
91 ‘the nightmare of’ l’Express 24.7.14
91 ‘looked very pale and anxious’ IWM 05/63/1 papers of N Macleod
92 ‘Felt very unhappy’ ibid.
92 ‘Capt. Maurice Festing’ Festing MS p.4
93 ‘Grey’s speech … was splendid’ Bertie diary 4.8.14
93 ‘We were extraordinarily’ Recouly p.25
94 ‘Are you going to go’ Clark pp.63–4
94 ‘L’Angleterre se dégage!’ Strong p.21
95 ‘an extraordinary change’ IWM 05/63/1 papers of N Macleod
95 ‘Commence hostilities’ Festing MS p.11
96 ‘What a real piece of luck’ Herwig War p.31
97 ‘Am I surrounded by dolts?’ Andrew, Christopher The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5 Allen Lane 2005 p.52
97 ‘Well it’s come!’ Holroyd p.448 4.8.14
98 ‘he was glad that the Anglichanka’ Knox p.xxxv
98 ‘Now you will give thanks’ Šuklje, Fran Iz mojih spominov II Ljubljana 1995
98 ‘On the night of 4 August’ Baring p.9
100 ‘The aim of the war’ Soutou, Georges-Henri p.22
100 ‘Georges-Henri Soutou’ ibid. p.22 and passim
101 ‘it is well understood’ ibid. p.30
Chapter 3 – ‘The Superb Spectacle of the World Bursting Into Flames’
1 MIGRATIONS
103 ‘Maurice Hankey’ BNA CAB15/5
104 ‘because it is a Serb custom’ Tadija Pejović, ‘Dvadesetšesti juli 1914’ in Đurič and Stevanović pp.31–2
104 ‘Only ignorance can’ Oman, J. The War and its Issues CUP 1915 p.91
105 ‘I am sorry’ Krafft-Krivanec, Johnanna Niedergeschrieben für euch. Ein Kriegstagebuch aus kulturanthropologischer Perspektive Vienna Passagen Verlag 2005 pp.59–60
105 ‘Omnium Gallorum fortissimi’ IWM 91/3/1 Edouard Beer MS
105 ‘The omnipotent state’ Kondurashkin, S.S. Vsled za voinoi [In the Footsteps of War] Petrograd 1915 p.9
105 ‘OK boys’ Samborn Mobilization p.272
106 ‘The schoolmaster shouted’ Prévost, Alain Paysan français Ephraim Grenadou Éditions du Seuil 1966 p.76
106 ‘it seemed that suddenly’ Flood p.7
106 ‘God gave me strength’ ibid. p.12
107 ‘Papa must go’ ibid. p.13
107 ‘People smiled’ Gide p.51
107 ‘all along the valley’ ibid. p.34
107 ‘Captain the Hon. Lionel Tennyson’ IWM 76/21/1 Ms Tennyson
108 ‘Early casualty lists’ Überegger, Oswald (ed.) Heimatfronten. Dokumente zur Erfahrungsgeschichte der Tiroler Kriegsgesellschaft im Ersten Weltkrieg Innsbruck UP Wagner 2006 pp.24–5
108 ‘The call-up of doctors’ ibid. pp.405–6
108 ‘The same was said’ Schneider, Constantin Die Kriegserinnerungen 1914–1919 ed. Oskar Dohle Vienna Böhlau 2003 pp.22–3
108 ‘Geoffrey Clarke’ The Times letters 5.8.14
109 ‘Don’t worry too much’ GW files G. Galpin letter to the author 7.5.64
109 ‘talking excitedly about’ Egremont, Max Forgotten Land: Journeys Among the Ghosts of East Prussia Picador 2011 p.75
109 ‘Where the devil’ Recouly p.36
2 PASSIONS
110 ‘We have never lost’ Mihaly p.15 2.8.14
110 ‘We eat white rolls’ ibid. p.16 2.8.14
112 ‘The mock warfare’ Clarke p.64
113 ‘[The people of Britain] feel and know’ The Times 6.8.14
114 ‘Norddeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung’ NAZ 22.8.14
114 ‘In Paris knitwear shops’ Rioux pp.63–4
114 ‘Bernard Shaw found himself’ Holroyd p.449
115 ‘Shaw remained impenitent’ ibid. p.453
115 ‘Many German restaurants’ Berliner Geschichtswerkstatt p.161
115 ‘In Münster, a notably’ Nubel p.80
116 ‘In Belgrade several men’ Slavka Mihajlovic 17.9.14 in Đurič and Stevanović p.140
116 ‘there will be a good many’ Bertie diary 7.8.14
116 ‘During the last’ The Times 22.8.14
116 ‘Asta Nielsen’ Verhey p.84
116 ‘Austrian soldiers in Mostar’ ASA MS Matija Malešić, War Diary 1914 p.44
116 ‘Animals!’ Stahl und Steckrüben. Beiträge und Quellen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens im Ersten Weltkrieg (1914–1918) Vol. I Hamelin Niemeyer 1993 p.75 3.8.14
117 ‘one was delighted’ Kondurashkin p.8
117 ‘When two days’ newspapers’ ibid. p.10
117 ‘To be sure, some clashes’ Stahl und Steckrüben p.117 19.8.14
117 ‘This 1905 work’ Gudehus-Schomerus
118 ‘the grandeur of the times’ Krafft-K
rivanec p.59
118 ‘war, war, the Volk has arisen’ Thompson p.96
118 ‘Gertrud Bäumer’ Verhey p.128
118 ‘feeling of confidence’ IWM 05/63/1 papers of N Macleod
119 ‘The Economist asserted’ The Economist 8.8.14
119 ‘A.P. Herbert’ Turner, E.S. Dear Old Blighty Michael Joseph 1980 p.26
120 ‘England was innocent’ Tomalin, Claire Thomas Hardy Penguin 2006 p.332
120 ‘I’ve often known’ Wallace, Stuart War and the Image of Germany John Donald 1988 p.74
120 ‘who worked themselves’ Emmet MS, family collection, lent to the author
121 ‘The haste with which’ Berliner Geschichtswerkstatt pp.165–6
121 ‘issued an abrupt’ Bonham-Carter, Violet Champion Redoubtable: The Diaries and Letters of Violet Bonham-Carter 1914–45 ed. Mark Pottle Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1998 p.7
121 ‘a stronghold of penury’ Playne, Caroline Society At War Allen & Unwin 1931 p.100
121 ‘Gustav Mayer’ Niedhart, Gottfried (ed.) Gustav Mayer. Als deutsch-jüdischer Historiker in Krieg und Revolution 1914–1920. Tagebücher, Aufzeichnungen, Briefe, Munich Oldenbourg 2009 pp.314–15
122 ‘In the German countryside’ Verhey p.92
122 ‘This war ought to’ IWM 07/63/1 GCF Harcourt-Vernon papers 6.8.14
122 ‘By 8 p.m. on 5 August’ Mallinson, Allan The Times 10.9.2011
123 ‘Hello, pastor’ Verhey p.75
123 ‘We have to learn’ Palmer, Svetlana and Wallis, Sarah (eds) The War in Words Simon & Schuster 2003 p.44
123 ‘It was an undignified’ Muggeridge, Kitty and Adam, Ruth Beatrice Webb Secker & Warburg 1967 p.206
124 ‘This is the greatest fight’ Holroyd p.447
124 ‘The Catholic Archbishop of Freiburg’ Chickering Urban Life p.73
124 ‘Germania delenda’ Ransome, Arthur Autobiography Cape 1976 p.169
124 ‘Long live the Tsar’ ibid. p.273
124 ‘a fruitless venture’ Neiburg, Michael Dance of the Furies: Europe and the Outbreak of World War 1 Belknap 2011 p.132
124 ‘There isn’t nowadays’ Lieven p.21
124 ‘Reservists are producing’ Samborn, Joshua The Mobilization of 1914 p.275
125 ‘Will I be able to’ Wittgenstein, Ludwig Geheime Tagebücher 1914–1916 Vienna Turia & Kant 1991 p.13
125 ‘Dispatched to serve’ ibid. p.17 15.8.14
125 ‘Please keep my washing’ Palmer and Wallis p.19
126 ‘The plan of invasion’ Boyle, Andrew The Riddle of Erskine Childers Hutchinson 1977 p.198
126 ‘The atmosphere on board’ ibid. p.201
3 DEPARTURES
127 ‘loud staccato voice’ Lloyd George p.83
127 ‘walk through them’ ibid. p.63
127 ‘my inability to stomach’ Palmer and Wallis p.20
128 ‘What a cosmopolitan’ ibid. p.21
128 ‘The Times published’ The Times 22.8.14
128 ‘The young females’ GW files Lt. Col. G.B. Hamley to the author 16.5.64
128 ‘Nineteen?’ GW files Stephen Lang to the author 1964
131 ‘What is this’ Clarke p.65
131 ‘I trembled at the’ Haig, Douglas War Diaries and Letters ed. Gary Sheffield and John Bourne Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2005 p.54
133 ‘I know that French’ ibid. p.56
134 ‘Quick, Monsieur l’Abbé’ Painter, George Marcel Proust Pimlico 1996 p.217
134 ‘Within the echoing’ ibid. p.217
135 ‘Suddenly a cheer’ Chickering Urban Life p.67
135 ‘Behind the army’ Hirschfeld, Gerhard et al. (eds) Kriegserfahrungen. Studien zur Sozial - und Mentalitätsgeschichte des Ersten Weltkriegs, Essen Klartext 1997 p.41
135 ‘Leb wohl!’ Mihaly pp.24–5 4.8.14
135 ‘Women bade them’ Kondurashkin p.13
135 ‘As the horses and men’ Littauer p.129
135 ‘They would simply’ ibid. p.128
136 ‘Among the Irish Guards’ officers’ Thomson p.83
136 ‘We’ll die hearty!’ Strong p.128
136 ‘At 5 a.m. on 3 August’ Stein MS IWM 86/30/1
136 ‘Jože Cvelbar’ NUK/R, J. Cvelbar, Ms 1774
136 ‘Goodbye, my rooms’ Lacouture, Jean De Gaulle: The Rebel 1890–1944 Collins Harvill 1990 p.29
136 ‘unknown adventure’ ibid. p.26
137 ‘If there is any justice’ Mombauer p.233
137 ‘I can only think about’ Palmer and Wallis p.53
137 ‘so small and thin’ Farmborough, Florence Nurse at the Russian Front: A Diary 1914–18 London 1977 p.17
Chapter 4 – Disaster on the Drina
138 ‘The sound of gunfire’ Đurič and Stevanović pp.35, 37
138 ‘The war that Austria-Hungary’ ibid. p.45 et seq.
139 ‘is dear to every Serbian’ Vivian p.198
139 ‘More than America’ Kronenbitter pp.484–5
139 ‘Perhaps for the first time’ Jay p.346
140 ‘to play with absolutely’ Herwig War p.52
140 ‘Commanders neglected’ Kronenbitter p.87
141 ‘waging war means’ ibid. p.107
141 ‘not to be despised’ The Times 27.7.14
142 ‘We are all peasants’ Reed p.47
142 ‘Živan Živanović’ Živanović in Đurič and Stevanović p.50
142 ‘These are to bury’ ibid. p.32
143 ‘Once ensconced’ Strandman p.323
143 ‘We were still oblivious’ Stojadinović p.72
143 ‘Many seized what’ Milutinović, Sveta Kako se u Beogradu živelo prvim danima svetskog rata p.39
143 ‘I felt how much the Old’ Đurič and Stevanović p.52
143 ‘As soon as the gunfire’ ibid. pp.121–2
145 ‘Jovan Žujović’ Žujović diary p.246
145 ‘On Monday we marched’ ASA MS Matija Malešič War Diary 1914
145 ‘If we go on like’ ASA B 1600/6: Alexander Koloman Maria Pallavicini The Serbian Campaign 1914 6.8.14
145 ‘If this story is true’ Kisch p.31 10.8.14
146 ‘big, buzzing flies’ ibid. p.33
146 ‘Herrgott!’ ibid. pp.34–5 12.8.1
146 ‘The whole horizon’ ASA Pallavicini, Alexander Markgraf Pallavicini B 1600
146 ‘Though the enemy was’ Kisch p.40 14.8.14
146 ‘Alex Pallavicini reported’ ASA B1600/6 AKM Pallavicini 14/15.8.14
147 ‘apparently contented’ Kisch p.36
147 ‘our moral and numerical’ Gumz, Jonathan The Resurrection and Collapse of Empire in Habsburg Serbia 1914–18 CUP 2009 p.46
147 ‘On 16 August, for instance’ Kisch p.46
148 ‘An hour later’ ASA Pallavicini MS diary B 1600/6
148 ‘Hangmen presented’ Holzer, Anton Das Lächeln der Henker. Der unbekannte Krieg gegen die Zivilbevölkerung 1914–1918 Darmstadt Primus 2008 p.101
148 ‘I met a column’ ASA B 1600/6: Alexander Koloman Maria Pallavicini MS diary, ‘The Serbian Campaign 1914’
149 ‘Lütgendorf without further’ Holzer pp.133–7, 141–4
149 ‘the population, among them’ Gumz p.47
150 ‘such a way of fighting’ ASA Pallavicini MS 18.8.14
150 ‘resembling a strongly-struck’ ASA B609 Bachmann MS
150 ‘The Austrian commissariat’ Kisch p.50 16.8.14
150 ‘as if they wanted’ ibid. pp.41–2
150 ‘I looked wistfully’ ibid. p.43
150 ‘Hirtenberger Patronen-’ ibid. pp.127–8 19.9.14
152 ‘amid horrendous heat’ ASA Matija Malešič, War Diary 1914
152 ‘The army is beaten’ Kisch pp.59–61
152 ‘The road is strewn’ ASA B1600/6 AKM Pallavicini
153 ‘The army is beaten’ Mitrovic p.69
153 ‘We feel heartache’ Krafft-Krivanec p.63 17.8.14
153 ‘Wonderful!’ ibid. pp.75–6
153 ‘thirty Serb battalions’ ibid. pp.77–8 23.8.14
153 ‘O
ne said that 8,000’ ibid. p.84
153 ‘our generals are inept’ Kisch p.64 20.8.14
154 ‘This represented 71 per cent’ ibid. pp.69–70
154 ‘[our men] suffer terribly’ Lampe p.51
154 ‘The heart stops’ Krafft-Krivanec p.85 24.8.14
154 ‘The impression made’ Lampe p.50
154 ‘Everyone lapsed from’ Kisch pp.77–9 29.8.14
154 ‘Austrian officers responded’ ibid. p.79 29.8.14
154 ‘is indeed the best’ ibid. pp.92–3
155 ‘welcomed Serbian troops’ Đurič and Stevanović pp.250–1
155 ‘Sir E. Grey presents’ SSA, Belgrade 10-7-419
155 ‘Every unit was provided’ Kisch p.73
155 ‘Water doesn’t feel’ ibid. p.94 7.9.14
155 ‘Of Kisch’s platoon’ ibid. pp.98–9
156 ‘How hungry I am’ ASA MS Matija Malešič, War Diary 1914
157 ‘Our Serbs fight’ Mitrovic p.75
157 ‘Such an order’ ASA B 609 Bachmann MS
157 ‘because they too can’ ibid.
158 ‘first came a strong guard’ ibid. 15.10
Chapter 5 – Death with Flags and Trumpets
1 THE EXECUTION OF PLAN XVII
159 ‘The dust clung’ Lintier, Paul My Seventy-Five: The Journal of a French Gunner Peter Davies 1929 p.28
160 ‘It is critical that’ Herwig, Holger The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914–18 Arnold 1997 p.35
161 ‘As line after line’ Herwig, Holger The Marne Random House 2009 p.111
162 ‘Next day schoolchildren’ Kuhr, Elfriede There We’ll Meet Again: The First World War Diary of a Young German Girl Gloucester 1998 p.31 7.8.14
162 ‘stupor and tranquillity’ Gudenhus-Schomerus pp.53–4
162 ‘But then I shan’t’ ibid. p.61 20.8.14
162 ‘You cannot think’ IWM 99/41/1 MS Letters Madame Jeanne van Bleyenberghe
163 ‘When the local burgomaster’ Horne, John and Kramer, Alan German Atrocities 1914: A History of Denial Yale 2001 passim
163 ‘It doesn’t matter’ ibid. p.17
163 ‘Graf Harry Kessler’ Kessler, Harry Graf Das Tagebuch Vol. V 1914–1916 ed. Günter Riederer and Ulrich Ott Cotta Stuttgart 2008 p.87
164 ‘Ruthless destruction’ Schwarte, Max (ed.), Technik des Kriegswesens Leipzig Berlin B.G. Teubner 1913 p.115
165 ‘That’s what happened’ Blond, Georges La Marne Presses de la Cité 1962 p.23
165 ‘Pte. Charles Stein’ IWM papers of C Stein 86/30/1
165 ‘A company of German reservists’ Mahnke, Dietrich Kriegstaten und Schicksale des Res.-Inf.-Regiments 75 1914/18 Bremen 1932 p.17
