Americans in Paris: Life & Death Under Nazi Occupation

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Americans in Paris: Life & Death Under Nazi Occupation Page 56

by Charles Glass


  Chambrun, Josée Laval de

  Chambrun, Margaret de

  Chambrun, Pierre, Marquis de

  Chambrun, René de; Britain’s attitudes towards ; Britain’s power to stand fast against German advance, belief in ; collaborator claims ; family see also under individual family member name; final battle for Paris and ; first love ; French Information Center, New York, founds ; I Saw France Fall ; Laval and ; marriage ; Nazis and ; occupied France, returns to; Pétain and ; prisoners, helps Allied ; quality of life in occupied Paris ; US humanitarian aide for Free Zone, seeks ; US military aid to France, attempts to encourage ; US press campaign against ; Vichy and

  Chambrun, Suzanne de

  Champs-Elysées

  Chapel of American War Heroes, Suresnes cemetery

  Chardonne, Jacques

  Charles Bedaux Company

  Chase National Bank

  Château de Candé

  Château de Châteldon

  Château de Vineuil-Saint-Firmin

  Château des Brosses

  Château l’Empery-Carrières

  Chevalier, Maurice

  Chicago Daily Tribune

  Choltitz, General Dietrich von

  Christian Science Church

  Christy, Jim

  Churchill, Randolph

  Churchill, Winston

  Claudel, Paul

  Clement, John

  Close, Edward B.

  Cohen, Kadmi

  Cole, General Felix

  Coles, Mickey

  Colette, Paul

  collaborators: assassination of; definition of see also Laval, Pierre and Pétain, Marshal Henri-Philippe; within elite of Paris ; Life list of ; literary circle of ; Paris police ; release of prisoners and; Vichy and see Vichy France see also under individual name

  College de France

  Collier’s Weekly

  Combeau, Georges

  Comédie Française

  Comet Resistance network

  Comité Franco-Allemand

  Commissariat Général des Prisonniers de Guerre Rapatriés (General Commission for Repatriated Prisoners of War)

  Compiègne internment camp

  Comte, Elisabeth

  concentration camps see prisoners and prison camps

  Connelly, Cyril

  Coolridge, Calvin

  Cooper, Harry

  Copland, Aaron

  Coster, Donald

  Cowles, Virginia

  Cowley, Malcolm

  Craig, Edward Gordon

  Crampton, William Dewitt

  Crawford, Pauline Avery

  Crawford, Roberta Dodd

  Cromwell, William Nelson

  Cross of Lorraine

  Crowder, Henry

  Crowninshield, Frank

  Cunard, Nancy

  Curie, Eve

  d’Albert-Lake, Virginia

  D-Day

  Dada movement

  Darlan, Admiral Jean-François

  Darnard, Joseph

  Dautry, Raoul

  Déat, Marcel

  Deegan, Elizabeth

  Delmar, Eugénie

  Delmass, Gladys

  Delteil, Joseph

  Dennis, Frederic

  Dentz, General Henri-Fernand

  Desvignes, Yvonne

  Deux Magots café

  Deuxième Bureau

  Devouges, Major

  Dickson, Mary

  Dix, Marion

  Dixon, Lucienne

  Dohnanyi, Hans

  Donovan, General William J.

  Doriot, Jacques

  Dorsal

  Dos Passos, John

  Downs, Ken

  Dubonnet, André

  Dubonnet, Ruth

  Duclos, Maurice

  Dudley, Caroline

  Dudley, Helen

  Dudley, Katherine

  Duhamel, Georges

  Dulles, Allen

  Dulles, John Foster

  Duncan, Isadora

  Duncan, Raymond

  Dunkirk

  Dupré, Ferevies

  Dupré, François

  Dupré, Marcel

  Editions de Minuit

  Edward, Duke of Windsor

  Eisenhower, General Dwight D.

  Eizenzweig, Gutta

  El Alamein

  Eliot, T. S.

  el-Krim, Abd

  Elliot, John

  Eluard, Paul

  Enfière, André

  Epting, Dr Karl

  Épuation (purge)

  ‘equivalism’

  Europe, James Reese

  Fabien, Pierre

  Faus, Keeler

  Fay, Bernard

  FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

  Feneyrol, Paul

  Fernandez, Ramon

  F.F.I. (Forces Françaises de l’Intérieure) 387

  Finnegans Wake (Joyce)

  First World War

  Fitzgerald, F. Scott

  Fitzgerald, Zelda

  Flanner, Janet

  Flore café

  Foch, Maréchal Ferdinand

  food, shortages of

  Forrest, Georges

  Fortune

  Foxworth, Percy E.

  Foyer International des Etudiantes

  Françaises de l’Intérieur (FFI)

  France: armistice signed with Germany; Assemblée Nationale ; Battle of France ; Chambres des Députés ; Constitution, 1875 abolishes ; Gaullist movement see Gaulle, General Charles de; Germany invades ; prison camps within see prisoners and prison camps; refugees, movement of within ; Resistance movement see Resistance movement; Senate ; shortages of food and power within ; US humanitarian aid to ; Vichy government see Vichy France; Zones, partitioned into see also Paris

  France au Travail

  Franco, Francisco

  Francs Tireurs et Partisans (FTP)

  Franklin, Benjamin

  Fraysse, Jean

  Free French

  Freemasons

  French Armed Forces see also Free French

  French Committee of National Liberation

  French Information Centre, New York

  French Institute for the Study of Human Problems

  Fresnes prison, Paris

  Freud, Sigmund

  Freund, Gisèle

  Frikart, Florence

  Frikart, Hilda

  Front Jeune (Youth Front)

  FrontstalagCompiègne (Royallieu Camp)

  Frontstalag, Vittel

  Fuchs, Dr Hermann

  Fuller, Colonel Horace H.

  Fullerton, Hugh

  Gallaix, Gertrude de

  Gallaix, Marcel de

  Gamelin, General

  Gardner, Mabel

  Gartz, R. Crane

  Gaulle, General Charles de

  Gazette des Amis des Livres

  Gazogene

  Georgios Patamianos

  German Armistice Commission

  German Armed Forces; Abwehr (military intelligence) ; Armistice Commission ; arrival in Paris ; Battle of France ; bomb refugee columns ; 87th Infantry Division ; Gestapo ; Green Heart Division, 185th Infantry ; handover of Paris ; invade France ; liberation of Paris and ; North Africa and Middle East ; orders to destroy Paris ; parade through Paris ; prisoners and prison camps see prisoners and prison camps; plot against Hitler ; Sicherheitsdienst (SD) ; SS ; US, relations with see United States; Vichy and see Vichy France; weekly report of Parisian citizens to ; Wehrmacht see Luftwaffe

  German Institute, Paris

  Gestapo

  Gibraltar

  Gide, André

  Gillet, Edmond

  Gilroy, Dudley

  Gilroy, Frances

  Giran, Albert

  Giraud, General Henri Honoré

  Glarum, Kathryn

  Gobillard, Jeannie

  Goebbels, Joseph

  Goélette-Frégate Resistance network

  Goering, Hermann

  Goetz, Major

  Gort, Lord

  Gould, Florence
Jay

  Gouraud, General Henri

  Green, Julien

  Greenough, Marion

  Gresser, Otto

  Griffiths, Squadron Leader

  Gripsholm

  Grolleau, Marcel

  Gros, Dr Edmund

  Groupe de Protection

  Guaranty Trust

  Guggenheim, Peggy

  Guillon, André

  Guitry, Sacha

  Haberfield, Harold

  Haffell, Edward

  Hagerman, Worthington E.

  Halder, General Franz

  Halifax, Lord

  Hanesse, General

  Harriman, Averell

  Harrison, Leland

  Hart, Alexandra Ter

  Harvard Club

  Harvey, Anne

  Hassell, Ulrich von

  Heap, Jane

  Hearst, Randolph

  Heinzen, Ralph

  Heller, Gerhard

  Hemingway, Ernest

  Hemisphere Intelligence Conference

  Henry-Haye, Gaston

  Herrick, Myron T.

  Herriot, Edouard

  Heydrich, Reinhard

  Hilaire, Georges

  Hill, Lovering

  Hillenkoetter, Commander Roscoe

  Hills, Laurence

  Himmler, Heinrich

  History of the American Army during the European Conflict, The (de Marenches/de Chambrun)

  Hitler, Adolf

  Hoefken-Hempel, Annie

  Hollard, Michel

  Holmes, Carroll W.

  Holtzer, Lieutenant

  Hoover, Herbert

  Hoover, J. Edgar

  Hôpital Châteaudun, Amiens

  Hôpital des Invalides

  Hopkins, Harry

  Hoppenot, Hélène

  Hoppenot, Henri

  Hoppenot, Violaine

  Horizon

  Hôtel Alleti

  Hôtel Bristol

  Hôtel Central

  Hôtel Crillon

  Hôtel de Beauharnais

  Hôtel du Parc, Vichy

  Hôtel Majestic

  Hughes, Langston

  Hull, Cordell

  Hunt, Leigh

  Huntziger, Charles

  Hyde, James Hazen

  IBM

  International News Service

  Iran

  Iraq

  Ironside, General

  It’s Not Done (Bullitt)

  Italy

  Jackson, Charlotte (Toquette)

  Jackson, Phillip

  Jackson, Dr Sumner; Allied soldiers, aides escape of ; American Hospital, role within ; arrested by Milice ; arrives in Paris ; Battle of France, work in ; Compiègne prison ; death ; Donald Coster, aides escape of ; finances ; first arrest and imprisonment ; First World War ; German advance on Paris, watches ; health ; Hitler, attitude towards ; interrogation and imprisonment by Gestapo ; interrogation and imprisonment by Milice ; Moulins prison ; Neuengamme prison camp ; operates Resistance operation from avenue Foch flat ; pre-war life ; release from prison ; religion and ; Resistance ; staying in Paris, reasons for ; vacation house, Enghien

  James, June Jewett

  Jammet, Hippolyte

  Janville, Count Roger de Martel de

  Jardin d’Acclimatation

  Jay Gould, Frank

  Jay, Anne Augustine

  Jay, John

  Jay, Nelson Dean

  jazz clubs

  Jeanneney, Jules

  Jefferson, Maceo

  Jefferson, Thomas

  Jewish people: as agents; Americans aide ; American citizens; American consulate attitude towards ; anti-Semitic violence in Paris ; sent to concentration camps ; étoile juune (yellow star badge) ; ‘honorary Aryan’/’special Jew’ ‘honorary Aryan’/‘special Jew’ status ; Jewish American prisoners ; la rafle du Vel d’Hiv ; Medicus, treatment of ; newspapers, anti-Semitism in Paris ; Oberg’s treatment of ; prisoners, treatment of ; restrictions upon ; round-ups ; smuggled to freedom ; Vichy treatment of ; Warsaw Ghetto

  Jodl, General Alfred

  Johnson, Andrew

  Jones, Edmund

  Jouhandeau, Marcel

  Joyce, James

  Joyce, Lucie

  Jucker, Ninetta

  Julian, Hubert Fauntleroy

  Jump, Lawrence

  Jünger, Ernst

  Keaney

  Keller, Dr

  Kenadsa mines, Algeria

  Kennan, George

  Kennedy, Joseph

  Kernan, Thomas

  Kerr, Walter

  Kinderfreund, Paulsee also Renaudot ‘R’

  King John

  King, George

  Knickerbocker, H.R.

  Knight, Charles

  Knocken, Colonel Helmut

  Koestler, Arthur

  Kristallnacht

  Küchler, General Georg von

  La Bagousse, Erika

  La Chapelle

  la dénonciation

  L’Escadrille

  La Rochelle, Pierre Drieu

  La Salle du Roc, Bourré

  Ladd, D. M.

  Lafargue, Léon-Paul

  Lafayette Escadrille

  Lafayette, Marquis de

  Lahey, Edwin A.

  Lamballe

  Lamy, Marthe

  Landhauser, Captain Otto

  Landis, Helen

  Langeron, Roger

  Lannois, General

  Larbaud, Valery

  ‘The Last Time I Saw Paris’ (Kern/Hammerstein)

  Laurencie, General Léon de la

  Lattre, General de

  Lavagne, André

  Laval, Jeanne

  Laval, Pierre: American attitudes towards; armistice and ; arrest ; Charles Bedaux and ; collaboration, idea of ; Constitution 1875, role in abolition of ; de Chambrun family, friendship with ; dismissal from Pétain’s government and arrest ; Foreign Minister ; Gaullists and ; Hitler and ; Jews, collusion in Nazi treatment of ; Nazis and ; North Africa, reaction to invasion of ; Pétain and ; pre-war life ; relief scheme exchanging French workers for prisoners of war ; return to Pétain’s government ; shot

  Le Bagousse, Marcelle

  Le Grand Duc

  Le Matin

  Leahy, Admiral William D.

  Lebanon

  Leclerc, General Jacques

  Ledebur, Count Friedrich/Frederic von

  Ledebur, Count Joseph von, Ledebur, Count Joseph von

  Ledoux, Henri

  Left Bank

  Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism

  Lehand, Marguerite

  Lemaigre-Dubreuil, Jacques

  Lend Lease Act

  Leplanquais, Georges

  Les Maison des Amis des Livres

  Lesieur, Huiles

  Lesieur, Simone

  Levy, Charlie

  Lévy, Dr Jean

  Ley, Dr Robert

  Leyton, Drue see Tartière, Drue

  Libération

  Libya

  Liebling, A. J.

  Lifar, Serge

  Life

  Lincoln, Abraham

  Lindbergh, Charles

  literary life: anti-Semitic press; anti-Semitic writers ; censorship collaborator circle ; Shakespeare and Company, circle of writers involved with ; Sylvia Beach and see Beach, Sylvia; theatre see also American Library of Paris and under individual author name

  Little Review

  Lloyd, Craig

  Longuet, Maurice

  Longworth, Nicholas

  Longworth, Alice Roosevelt

  Lothian, Lord

  Lowrie, Dr Donald

  Lubowski, Alexandre

  Luce, Henry

  Luchaire, Jean

  Luftwaffe

  Luxembourg Gardens

  MacArthur, Douglas

  MacLeish, Archibald

  MacVane, John

  Maginot Line

  Mallarmé, André

  Man Ray

  Man Who Saved London, The (Martelli)
>
  Mandel, Georges

  Manhattan

  Manos, Joe

  Marchal, Gladys

  Marenches, Alexandre de

  Marenches, Captain Charles de

  Martel, Dr Thierry de

  Mask

  Masson, André

  Matthews, H. Freeman

  Mauriac, Claude

  Mauriac, François

  Maurois, André

  Maxim’s

  Mayer, Ernst

  McAlmon, Robert

  McAuliffe, Jack

  McBride, Tom

  McCurdy, Joseph P

  McWilliams, Roy

  Medicus, Dr Franz.

  Memorial Building

  Mencken, H. L.

  Ménétral, Dr Bernard

  Mers-el-Kébir naval base, Algeria

  Metro

  Meyer, Eugene

  Meyer, Florence

  Meyer, Katharine

  Milice

  Miller, Gething C.

  Miller, Henry

  Mirabeau, Sybille de

  Mittre, Simone

  Moats, Alice-Leone

  Mon Faust (Ebauches) (Valéry)

  Monahan, François

  Monnier, Adrienne: ‘A Letter to Friends in the Free Zone’; appearance ; Armistice and ; arrives in Paris ; Arthur Koestler and ; on cold weather in Paris, 1942 ; depression on invasion of German troops ; family ; Gazette des Amis des Livres ; Gisèle Freund and ; Hemingway and ; Les Maison des Amis des Livres xiii; love of food and the sensual ; post-war life ; prepares to leave Paris ; quest for food during occupation ; Resistance, attitude towards ; Sylvia Beach, relationship with ; on Valéry ; Walter Benjamin and ; watches Nazis enter Paris

  Monnier, Clovis

  Monnier, Marie

  Monroe, James

  Montgomery, Robert

  Montmartre

  Morgan & Cie

  Morgan, Anne

  Morgan, Claude

  Morgan, J. P.

  Morgenthau, Hans

  Morison, Samuel Eliot

  Morocco

  Morrini, A. M.

  Morris, Gouverneur

  Mott, Colonel Bentley

  Moulin, Jean

  Moulins prison

  Mouvements Unis de la Résistance

  Moveable Feast, A (Hemingway)

  Muir, Peter

  Munich agreement, 1938

  Murat, Princess

  Murphy, Gerald

  Murphy, Noel

  Murphy, Robert; awaits arrival in Paris of invading German forces ; Charles Bedaux and ; Château de Candé ; Eisenhower, British meeting with ; Jacques Simon, role in release of ; North Africa, role in ; on German preparation for occupation ; post–war life ; Vichy and ; von Studnitz, negotiations with ; Weygand and

 

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