by Alan Smale
Triplex acies: Three-line battle formation.
Trireme: Heavy Roman warship with three banks of oarsmen, one above the other.
Tumen: Unit of ten thousand warriors, or ten mingghans (Mongol).
Turma: Squadron of cavalry, subunit of an ala. One turma consists of thirty troopers and two officers (a decurion and a duplicarius) (plural: turmae).
Urbs: City.
Vexillation: Large detachment of legionaries that form a temporary task force with a specific strategic purpose.
Virtus: Valor.
APPENDIX VII
FURTHER READING
In addition to the books listed in the Further Reading sections of Clash of Eagles and Eagle in Exile, I found the following useful in researching and writing Eagle and Empire.
Kenneth M. Ames and Herbert D. G. Maschner, Peoples of the Northwest Coast: Their Archeology and Prehistory, 2000.
Anthony Aveni, Empires of Time: Calendars, Clocks, and Culture, 2002.
Duncan B. Campbell and Brian Delf, Roman Auxiliary Forts 27 BC–AD 378, 2009.
Lawrence W. Cheek, A.D. 1250: Ancient Peoples of the Southwest, 1994.
Craig Childs, House of Rain: Tracking a Vanished Civilization Across the American Southwest, 2008.
Clayton Chun, US Army in the Plains Indian Wars 1865–1891, 2013.
Ross Cowan, Roman Guardsmen 62 BC–AD 324, 2014.
Ross Cowan and Sean O’Brogain, Roman Legionary AD 284–337: The Age of Diocletian and Constantine the Great, 2015.
Thomas J. Craughwell, The Rise and Fall of the Second Largest Empire in History: How Genghis Khan’s Mongols Almost Conquered the World, 2010.
Raffaele D’Amato and Graham Sumner, Imperial Roman Naval Forces 31 BC–AD 500, 2009.
Louis A. DiMarco, War Horse: A History of the Military Horse and Rider, 2012.
Daniela Dueck, Geography in Classical Antiquity, 2012.
Elizabeth A. Fenn, Encounters at the Heart of the World: A History of the Mandan People, 2015.
Nic Fields and Adam Hook, Roman Auxiliary Cavalryman: AD 14–193, 2006.
Nic Fields and Donato Spedaliere, Rome’s Northern Frontier AD 70–235: Beyond Hadrian’s Wall, 2003.
Horace Greeley, An Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco in the Summer of 1859, 1860.
Valerie Hansen, The Silk Road: A New History, 2012.
Michael Johnson and Jonathan Smith, American Indian Tribes of the Southwest, 2013.
John Keegan, A History of Warfare, 1994.
D. Lindholm, D. Nicolle, and A. McBride, Medieval Scandinavian Armies (1), 1100–1300, 2003.
Randolph Barnes Marcy, The Prairie Traveler: A Handbook for Overland Expeditions, 1859.
Randolph B. Marcy and George B. McClellan, Exploration of the Red River of Louisiana in the Year 1852, 1854.
Timothy May, The Mongol Art of War, 2007.
Sean McLachlan, Medieval Handgonnes: The First Black Powder Infantry Weapons, 2010.
Frank McLynn, Genghis Khan: His Conquests, His Empire, His Legacy, 2015.
David Nicolle and Adam Hook, European Medieval Tactics (1): The Fall and Rise of Cavalry 450–1260, 2011.
David Nicolle and Adam Hook, European Medieval Tactics (2): The Revival of Infantry 1260–1500, 2012.
David Nicolle and Victor Korolkov, Kalka River 1223: Genghiz Khan’s Mongols Invade Russia, 2001.
David Nicolle and Angus McBride, Attila and the Nomad Hordes, 1990.
David Nicolle and Angus McBride, Armies of Medieval Russia 750–1250, 1999.
Lincoln Paine, The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World, 2015.
Timothy R. Pauketat and Susan M. Alt, Medieval Mississippians: The Cahokian World, 2015.
Timothy R. Pauketat and Diana DiPaolo Loren, North American Archaeology, 2005.
C. J. Peers, Soldiers of the Dragon: Chinese Armies 1500 BC–AD 1840, 2006.
Stephen Plog, Ancient Peoples of the American Southwest, 1997.
Marco Polo, The Travels, edited R. E. Latham, 1958.
Charles M. Robinson, The Plains Wars 1757–1900, 2003.
Gordon L. Rottman and Peter Dennis, World War II Glider Assault Tactics, 2014.
Paula L. Sabloff, Modern Mongolia: Reclaiming Genghis Khan, 2001.
Sarangerel, Riding Windhorses: A Journey into the Heart of Mongolian Shamanism, 2000.
Si Sheppard and Christa Hook, Actium 31 B.C.: Downfall of Antony and Cleopatra, 2009.
Stephen Turnbull, Genghis Khan and the Mongol Conquests 1190–1400, 2003.
Stephen Turnbull and Wayne Reynolds, Siege Weapons of the Far East (1), 2001.
Stephen Turnbull and Wayne Reynolds, Siege Weapons of the Far East (2), 2002.
Stephen Turnbull and Wayne Reynolds, Fighting Ships of the Far East (1): China and Southeast Asia 202 BC–AD 1419, 2002.
Stephen Turnbull and Wayne Reynolds, Fighting Ships of the Far East (2): Japan and Korea, AD 612–1639, 2003.
Stephen Turnbull and Wayne Reynolds, Mongol Warrior 1200–1350, 2003.
Jack Weatherford, Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World, 2004.
Jack Weatherford, The Secret History of the Mongol Queens, 2010.
By Alan Smale
Clash of Eagles
Eagle in Exile
Eagle and Empire
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
ALAN SMALE grew up in Yorkshire, England, but now lives in the Washington, D.C., area. By day he works as a professional astronomer, studying black holes, neutron stars, and other bizarre celestial objects. However, too many family vacations at Hadrian’s Wall in his formative years plus a couple of degrees from Oxford took their toll, steering his writing toward alternate, secret, and generally twisted history. He has sold numerous short stories to magazines, including Asimov’s and Realms of Fantasy, and won the 2010 Sidewise Award for Best Short-Form Alternate History.
alansmale.com
Facebook.com/alan.smale
@AlanSmale
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