Dal Corso, J. et al. 2012. Discovery of a major negative δ13C spike in the Carnian (Late Triassic) linked to the eruption of Wrangellia flood basalts. Geology 40, 79–82
Dzik, J. 2003. A beaked herbivorous archosaur with dinosaur affinities from the early Late Triassic of Poland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23, 556–74
Nesbitt, S. J., Sidor, C. A., Irmis, R. B., Angielczyk, K. D., Smith, R. M. H., and Tsuji, L. A. 2010. Ecologically distinct dinosaurian sister group shows early diversification of Ornithodira. Nature 464, 95–98 Announcement of the Middle Triassic silesaurid, which confirms an early date for dinosaur origins.
Simms, M. J., and Ruffell, A. H. 1989. Synchroneity of climatic change and extinctions in the late Triassic. Geology 17, 265–68
Sookias, R. B., Butler, R. J., and Benson, R. B. J. 2012. Rise of dinosaurs reveals major body-size transitions are driven by passive processes of trait evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 279, 2180–87
Chapter 2
Making the Tree
(pp. 52–84)
Bakker, R. T., and Galton, P. M. 1974. Dinosaur monophyly and a new class of vertebrates. Nature 248, 168–72
Baron, M. G., Norman, D. B., and Barrett, P. M. 2017. A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution. Nature 543, 501–6
Benton, M. J. 1984. The relationships and early evolution of the Diapsida. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London 52, 575–96
*Brusatte, S. L. 2012. Dinosaur paleobiology. Wiley, New York and Oxford The best student textbook about dinosaurs.
Gauthier, J. 1986. Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds. Memoirs of the California Academy of Science 8, 1–55
*Gee, H. 2008. Deep time: Cladistics, the revolution in evolution. Fourth Estate, London A great introduction to cladistics and all the squabbles.
Hennig, W. 1950. Grundzüge einer Theorie der phylogenetischen Systematik. Deutscher Zentralverlag, Berlin
Hennig, W. 1966. Phylogenetic systematics, translated by D. Davis and R. Zangerl. University of Illinois Press, Urbana
Lloyd, G. T., Davis, K. E., Pisani, D., Tarver, J. E., Ruta, M., Sakamoto, M., Hone, D. W. E., Jennings, R., and Benton, M. J. 2008. Dinosaurs and the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B 275, 2483–90 Our second dinosaur supertree.
*Naish, D., and Barrett, P. 2016. Dinosaurs: How they lived and evolved. Natural History Museum, London; Smithsonian Books, Washington DC An excellent and colourful introduction to the latest dinosaur finds.
Norman, D. B. 1984. A systematic reappraisal of the reptile order Ornithischia. In W.-E. Reif and F. Westphal (eds), Third Symposium on Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems, short papers, Attempto Verlag, Tübingen, pp. 157–62
Owen, R. 1842. Report on British fossil reptiles. Part II. Report of the Eleventh Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science; held at Plymouth in July 1841 60–204 The classic paper in which Richard Owen named the Dinosauria (see p. 103).
Pisani, D., Yates, A. M., Langer, M. C., and Benton, M. J. 2002. A genus-level supertree of the Dinosauria. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269, 915–21 Our first dinosaur supertree.
Seeley, H. G. 1887. On the classification of the fossil animals commonly named Dinosauria. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London 43, 165–71
Sereno, P. C. 1986. Phylogeny of the bird-hipped dinosaurs (order Ornithischia). National Geographic Research 2, 234–56
Sweetman, S. C. 2016. A comparison of Barremian–early Aptian vertebrate assemblages from the Jehol Group, north-east China and the Wealden Group, southern Britain: The value of microvertebrate studies in adverse preservational settings. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 96, 149–68
Chapter 3
Digging Up Dinosaurs
(pp. 85–105)
*Benton, M. J., Schouten, R., Drewitt, E. J. A., and Viegas, P. 2012. The Bristol Dinosaur Project. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 123, 210–25 The full story of Thecodontosaurus and how we have built an educational and engagement programme around this dinosaur.
*Currie, P. J., and Koppelhus, E. B. (eds). 2005. Dinosaur Provincial Park: A spectacular ancient ecosystem revealed. Indiana University Press, Bloomington The whole story – everything about the Dinosaur Park Formation: its geology, plants, animals, and dinosaurs.
Chapter 4
Breathing, Brains and Behaviour
(pp. 106–32)
Bakker, R. T. 1972. Anatomical and ecological evidence of endothermy in dinosaurs. Nature 238, 81–85 The paper that kicked off the ‘warm-blooded dinosaurs’ debate.
*Bakker, R. T. 1986. The dinosaur heresies: New theories unlocking the mystery of the dinosaurs and their extinction. W. Morrow, New York; Longman, Harlow The title says it all.
Bakker, R. T., and Galton, P. M. 1974. Dinosaur monophyly and a new class of vertebrates. Nature 248, 168–72
Benton, M. J. 1979. Ectothermy and the success of the dinosaurs. Evolution 33, 983–97 My paper about the ‘warm-blooded dinosaurs’ controversy.
*Benton, M. J., Zhou, Z., Orr, P. J., Zhang F., and Kearns, S. L. 2008. The remarkable fossils from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of China and how they have changed our knowledge of Mesozoic life. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 119, 209–28 An overview of the Chinese feathered dinosaur fossils and their occurrence.
Chen, P., Dong, Z., and Zhen, S. 1998. An exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of China. Nature 391, 147–52 The first description of a feathered dinosaur, in English, presenting Sinosauropteryx to the world.
*Chiappe, L. M., and Meng, Q. J. 2016. Birds of stone: Chinese avian fossils from the age of dinosaurs. Johns Hopkins University Press, Pittsburgh All the amazing fossil birds.
Colbert, E. H., Cowles, R. B., and Bogert, C. M. 1946. Temperature tolerances in the American alligator and their bearing on the habits, evolution, and extinction of the dinosaurs. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 86, 327–74 Those great experiments where Colbert and colleagues found that being large can help you keep a more or less constant body temperature.
Huxley, T. H. 1870. Further evidence of the affinity between the dinosaurian reptiles and birds. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 26, 12–31 Huxley shows that dinosaurs and birds share much of their anatomy.
Jerison, H. J. 1969. Brain evolution and dinosaur brains. American Naturalist 103, 575–88
Knell, R. J., and Sampson, S. 2011. Bizarre structures in dinosaurs: Species recognition or sexual selection? A response to Padian and Horner. Journal of Zoology 283, 18–22 Argues that horns and crests are for sexual display, not species recognition.
Li, Q., Gao, K.-Q., Vinther, J., Shawkey, M. D., Clarke, J. A., D’Alba, L., Meng, Q., Briggs, D. E. G., Miao, L., and Prum, R. O. 2010. Plumage color patterns of an extinct dinosaur. Science 327, 1369–72 The Yale group show the colours and patterns of feathers in the Jurassic dinosaur Anchiornis.
*Long, J., and Schouten, P. 2009. Feathered dinosaurs: The origin of birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York Spectacular illustrations and the importance of the new fossils from China.
Ostrom, J. H. 1969. Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana. Bulletin, Peabody Museum of Natural History 30, 1–165 The classic description of Deinonychus, and the paper that showed birds evolved from dinosaurs.
Padian, K., and Horner, J. 2011. The evolution of ‘bizarre structures’ in dinosaurs: Biomechanics, sexual selection, social selection, or species recognition? Journal of Zoology 283, 3–17 Argues that horns and crests are for species recognition, not sexual display.
Vinther, J., Briggs, D. E. G., Prum, R. O., and Saranathan, V. 2008. The colour of fossil feathers. Biology Letters 4, 522–25 The case for melanosomes in fossil feathers.
Xing, L., McKellar, R. C., Xu, X., Li, G., Bai, M., Persons, W. S. IV, Miyashita, T., Benton, M. J., Zhang, J. P., Wolfe, A. P., Yi, Q. R.
, Tseng, K. W., Ran, H., and Currie, P. J. 2016. A feathered dinosaur tail with primitive plumage trapped in mid-Cretaceous amber. Current Biology 26, 3352–60
Zhang, F., Kearns, S. L, Orr, P. J., Benton, M. J., Zhou, Z., Johnson, D., Xu, X., and Wang, X. 2010. Fossilized melanosomes and the colour of Cretaceous dinosaurs and birds. Nature 463, 1075–78 Our paper in which we show Sinosauropteryx had a ginger and white stripy tail.
Chapter 5
Jurassic Park? (Or Not…)
(pp. 133–53)
Quotations from Mary Schweitzer come from M. Schweitzer and T. Staedter, The real Jurassic Park. Earth June 1997, 55–57
*Briggs, D. E. G., and Summons, R. E. 2014. Ancient biomolecules: Their origins, fossilization, and role in revealing the history of life. BioEssays 36, 482–90 A clear account of which biological molecules are likely to survive for millions of years, and which are not.
Buckley, M., Warwood, S., van Dongen, B., Kitchener, A. C., and Manning, P. L. 2017. A fossil protein chimera: Difficulties in discriminating dinosaur peptide sequences from modern cross-contamination. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 284, 20170544 Rejection of reported blood vessels in dinosaur bone as bacterial biofilms.
Burroughs, E. R. 1918. The Land that Time Forgot. A. C. McClurg, Chicago
Cano, R. J., Poinar, H. N., Pieniazek, N. J., Acra, A., and Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1993. Amplification and sequencing of DNA from a 120–135-million-year-old weevil. Nature 363, 536–38
Cano, R. J., Poinar, H. N., Roubik, D. W., and Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Enzymatic amplification and nucleotide sequencing of portions of the 18s rRNA gene of the bee Proplebeia dominicana (Apidae: Hymenoptera) isolated from 25–40-million-year-old Dominican amber. Medical Science Research 20, 619–22
Chinsamy, A., Chiappe, L. M., Marugan-Lobon, J., Gao, C. L., and Zhang, F. J. 2013. Gender identification of the Mesozoic bird Confuciusornis sanctus. Nature Communications 4, 1381 Medullary bone identifies a female fossil bird.
*Crichton, M. 1990. Jurassic Park. Alfred A. Knopf, New York The book that started it all.
Doyle, A. C. 1912. The Lost World. Hodder & Stoughton, London
Kaye, T. G., Gaugler, G., and Sawlowicz, Z. 2008. Dinosaurian soft tissues interpreted as bacterial biofilms. PLoS ONE 3, e2808 Rejection of reported blood vessels in dinosaur bone as bacterial biofilms.
Kupferschmidt, K. 2014. Can cloning revive Spain’s extinct mountain goat? Science 344, 137–38
Lindahl, T. 1993. Instability and decay of the primary structure of DNA. Nature 362, 709–15 Evidence, from the start, that ancient DNA was unlikely to survive for millions of years.
Muyzer, G., Sandberg, P., Knapen, M. H. J., Vermeer, C., Collins, M., and Westbroek, P. 1992. Preservation of the bone protein osteocalcin in dinosaurs. Geology 20, 871–74
O’Connor, R. E., Romanov, M. N., Kiazim, L. G., Barrett, P. M., Farré, M., Damas, J., Ferguson-Smith, M., Valenzuela, N., Larkin, D. M., and Griffin, D. K. 2018. Reconstruction of the diapsid ancestral genome permits chromosome evolution tracing in avian and non-avian dinosaurs. Nature Communications 9, 1883 Reconstructing the dinosaur genome.
Prondvai, E. 2017. Medullary bone in fossils: Function, evolution and significance in growth curve reconstructions of extinct vertebrates. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 30, 440–60. Where medullary bone occurs, and where it does not occur.
Schweitzer, M., Marshall, M., Carron, K., Bohle, D. S., Busse, S. C., Arnold, E. V., Barnard, D., Horner, J. R., and Starkley, J. R. 1997. Heme compounds in dinosaur trabecular bone. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 94, 6291–96 The first report of dinosaur blood.
Schweitzer, M. H., Wittmeyer, J. L., and Horner, J. R. 2005. Gender-specific reproductive tissue in ratites and Tyrannosaurus rex. Nature 308, 1456–60 Report of medullary bone in a giant dinosaur.
Schweitzer, M. H., Wittmeyer, J. L., Horner, J. R., and Toporski, J. K. 2005. Soft-tissue vessels and cellular preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex. Science 307, 1952–55
*Shapiro, B. 2015. How to clone a mammoth: The science of de-extinction. Princeton University Press, Princeton A great overview of the whole topic, from Dolly to cloning, and future plans with mammoths.
*Thomas, M., Gilbert, M. T. P., Bandlet, H.-J., Hofreiter, M., and Barnes, I. 2005. Assessing ancient DNA studies. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20, 541–44 A practical overview of the topic.
Wiemann, J., Fabbri, M., Yang, T.-R., Stein, K., Sander, P. M., Norell, M. A., and Briggs, D. E. G. 2018. Fossilization transforms vertebrate hard tissue proteins into N-heterocyclic polymers. Nature Communications 9, 4741
Woodward, S. R., Weyand, N. J., and Bunnell, M. 1994. DNA sequence from Cretaceous period bone fragments. Science 266, 1229–32 The report of supposed dinosaur DNA.
Chapter 6
From Baby to Giant
(pp. 154–85)
Benton, M. J., Csiki, Z., Grigorescu, D., Redelstorff, R., Sander, P. M., Stein, K., and Weishampel, D. B. 2010. Dinosaurs and the island rule: The dwarfed dinosaurs from Hațeg Island. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 293, 438–54 The dwarf dinosaurs of Transylvania.
*Carpenter, K., Hirsch, K. F., and Horner, J. R. (eds). 1996. Dinosaur eggs and babies. Indiana University Press, Bloomington; Cambridge University Press, Cambridge A series of articles on different examples of dinosaur eggs and babies.
Chapelle, K., and Choiniere, J. N. 2018. A revised cranial description of Massospondylus carinatus Owen (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) based on computed tomographic scans and a review of cranial characters for basal Sauropodomorpha. PeerJ 6, e4224
*Erickson, G. M. 2005. Assessing dinosaur growth patterns: a microscopic revolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20, 677–84 A review of the whole topic.
Erickson, G. M., Curry Rogers, K., and Yerby, S. A. 2001. Dinosaurian growth patterns and rapid avian growth rates. Nature 412, 429–33
Erickson, G. M., Makovicky, P. J., Currie, P. J., Norell, M. A., Yerby, S. A., and Brochu, C. A. 2004. Gigantism and comparative life history of Tyrannosaurus rex. Nature 430, 772–75
Erickson, G. M., Rauhut, O. W. M., Zhou, Z., Turner, A. H., Inouye, B. D., Hu, D., and Norell, M. A. 2009. Was dinosaurian physiology inherited by birds? Reconciling slow growth in Archaeopteryx. PLoS ONE 4, e7390
Norell, M. A., Clark, J. M., Chiappe, L. M., and Dashzeveg, D. 1995. A nesting dinosaur. Nature 378, 774–76 Evidence that Oviraptor was the mummy, and that she incubated her eggs.
Reisz, R. R., Scott, D., Sues, H.-D., Evans, D. C., and Raath, M. A. 2005. Embryos of an Early Jurassic prosauropod dinosaur and their evolutionary significance. Science 309, 761–64 The Massospondylus embryos.
Sander, P. M., Christian, A., Clauss, M., Fechner, R., Gee, C. T., Griebeler, E.-M., Gunga, H.-C., Hummel, J., Mallison, H., Perry, S. F., Preuschoft, H., Rauhut, O. W. M., Remes, K., Tutken, T., Wings, O., and Witzel, U. 2010. Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: the evolution of gigantism. Biological Reviews 86, 117–55
Zhao, Q., Benton, M. J., Sullivan, C., Sander, P. M., and Xu, X. 2013. Histology and postural change during the growth of the ceratopsian dinosaur Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis. Nature Communications 4, 2079
Chapter 7
How Did Dinosaurs Eat?
(pp. 186–214)
*Barrett, P. M., and Rayfield, E. J. 2006. Ecological and evolutionary implications of dinosaur feeding behaviour. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 21, 217–24 A review of how palaeontologists determine dinosaur feeding behaviour.
Bates, K. T., and Falkingham, P. L. 2012. Estimating maximum bite performance in Tyrannosaurus rex using multi-body dynamics. Biology Letters 8, 660–64
Button, D. J., Rayfield, E. J., and Barrett, P. M. 2014. Cranial biomechanics underpins high sauropod diversity in resource-poor environments. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281, 20142114 Resource partitioning among the Morrison sauropods.
Chin, K., and Gill, B. D. 1996. Dinosaurs, dung beetles, and conifers: Participants in a Cretaceous food web. Palaios 11, 280–85
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sp; Chin, K., Tokaryk, T. T., Erickson, G. M., and Calk, L. 1998. A king-sized theropod coprolite. Nature 393, 680–82
Erickson, G. M., Krick, B. A., Hamilton, M., Bourne, G. R., Norell, M. A., Lilleodden, E., et al. 2012. Complex dental structure and wear biomechanics in hadrosaurid dinosaurs. Science 338, 98–101
Gill, P. G., Purnell, M. A., Crumpton, N., Brown, K. R., Gostling, N. J., Stampanoni, M., and Rayfield, E. J. 2014. Dietary specializations and diversity in feeding ecology of the earliest stem mammals. Nature 591, 303–5
Godoy, P. L., Montefeltro, F. C., Norell, M. A., and Langer, M. C. 2014. An additional baurusuchid from the Cretaceous of Brazil with evidence of interspecific predation among Crocodyliformes. PLoS ONE 9(5), e97138 The crocodilian-dominated foodweb of the Adamantina Formation.
Mitchell, J. S., Roopnarine, P. D., and Angielczyk, K. D. 2012. Late Cretaceous restructuring of terrestrial communities facilitated the end-Cretaceous mass extinction in North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 109, 18857–61
Rayfield, E. J. 2004. Cranial mechanics and feeding in Tyrannosaurus rex. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 271, 1451–59
Rayfield, E. J. 2005. Aspects of comparative cranial mechanics in the theropod dinosaurs Coelophysis, Allosaurus and Tyrannosaurus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144, 309–16
*Rayfield, E. J. 2007. Finite element analysis and understanding the biomechanics and evolution of living and fossil organisms. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 35, 541–76 A review of the FEA method as applied to dinosaurs and other fossil animals.
Rayfield, E. J., Milner, A. C., Xuan, V. B., and Young, P. G. 2007. Functional morphology of spinosaur ‘crocodile-mimic’ dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27, 892–901
Rayfield, E. J., Norman, D. B., Horner, C. C., Horner, J. R., May Smith, P., et al. 2001. Cranial design and function in a large theropod dinosaur. Nature 409, 1033–37
Chapter 8
How Did They Move and Run?
Dinosaurs Rediscovered Page 26
