by Greg Malone
18. Harold Horwood, Joey, pp. 9–16.
19. Richard Gwyn, Smallwood: The Unlikely Revolutionary, pp. 5–7.
20. Ibid., p. 34.
21. Horwood, Joey, p. 67.
22. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
23. G. Bradley to B. Dunfield, GN 13/1 Box 233 File 95, Nov. 8, 1935, in Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 282.
24. Perlin, “Wayfarer,” in Hollohan and Baker, Clear Head, pp. 37–39.
25. J.K. Hiller and Michael F. Harrington, eds., Newfoundland National Convention, 1946–1948, vol. 5, pp. 93–96.
26. Scott Macdonald to N.A. Robertson, Nov. 4, 1946, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 316–17
27. Perlin, “Wayfarer,” in Hollohan and Baker, Clear Head, pp. 41–42.
28. Hiller and Harrington, National Convention Debates, 13 Sept.–Dec. 1946, p. 117.
29. Macdonald to Robertson, Nov. 7, 1946, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 322–23.
30. Lester Pearson to Cabinet Committee on Canada Newfoundland Relations, Nov. 16, 1946, ibid., pp. 330–31.
31. Memorandum of a Discussion on Newfoundland between the Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs and the High Commissioner for the United Kingdom in Ottawa, Nov. 19, 1946, ibid., pp. 334–36.
32. Scott Macdonald to Louis St. Laurent, Jan. 8, 1947, ibid., pp. 377–79.
33. Lester B. Pearson to N.A. Robertson, Feb. 28, 1947, ibid., p. 400.
34. Robertson to Pearson, March 4, 1947, ibid., pp. 402–03.
35. Scott Macdonald to Pearson, March 13, 1947, ibid., pp. 408–09.
36. Macdonald to Pearson, April 1, 1947, ibid., p. 437 (initials and first names of delegates added).
37. Memorandum by Second Political Division, April 1947, ibid., pp. 443.
38. Ibid., p. 443.
39. Memorandum by Second Political Division, May 22, 1947, ibid., p. 478.
40. Ibid.
41. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
Chapter Six
1. Extract from Despatch from High Commissioner in Newfoundland to Secretary of State for External Affairs, March 22, 1947, in Paul A. Bridle, ed., Documents on the Relations between Canada and Newfoundland 1940–1949, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 415–16.
2. J.R. Smallwood to Secretary of State for External Affairs, March 21, 1947, ibid., pp. 414–15.
3. Ibid., p. 449.
4. Albert Perlin, “The Wayfarer,” in Francis Hollohan and Melvin Baker, eds., A Clear Head in Tempestuous Times, p. 56.
5. Scott Macdonald to Governor Macdonald, April 19, 1947, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 450–51.
6. A.A. Butt, “Interview with Charlie Granger,” Charles R. Granger Papers, 1979.
7. London Daily Express, May 9, 1947, quoted in Peter Cashin address, J.K. Hiller and M.F. Harrington, eds., The Newfoundland National Convention, 1946–1948, vol. 1, pp. 534–35.
8. Harold Horwood, Joey, p. 85.
9. London Daily Express, June 26, 1947, in Phillip McCann, “British Policy and Confederation” in J.K. Hiller, ed., Newfoundland Studies, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 164.
10. Charles R. Granger interview with W.J. Browne, Aug. 8, 1980, Charles R. Granger Collection, LAC, MG32-C48.
11. Hiller and Harrington, eds., Newfoundland National Convention, May 19, 1947, vol. 1, pp. 533–34.
12. Ibid.
13. Paul A. Bridle to Secretary of State for External Affairs, Minute on Despatch No. 259 of May 21, 1947, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 477.
14. Perlin, “Wayfarer,” May 19, 1947, in Hollohan and Baker, Clear Head, pp. 64–65.
15. Peter Neary and Melvin Baker, eds., “Allan M. Fraser’s ‘History of Participation by Newfoundland in World War II,’ ” pp. 29–30.
16. Ibid., p. 30.
17. Scott Macdonald to Louis St. Laurent, May 26, 1947, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 479–80.
18. Extracts from Memorandum from Head, Second Political Division, to Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs, June 2, 1947, ibid., p. 485–86.
19. Scott Macdonald to Secretary of State for External Affairs, May 30, 1947, ibid., pp. 483–84.
20. “Report on the Legal Procedure Which Might Be Adopted for the Admission of Newfoundland as a Province,” ibid., pp. 490–91.
21. Secret Memorandum by Secretary of Cabinet Committee on Newfoundland Relations to Cabinet, June 16, 1947, ibid., pp. 496–99.
22. Ibid., pp. 499–500.
23. Hunt, C.E., “What of the Future,” Dec. 31, 1946, St. John’s Daily News, quoted in Bridle, Documents, pp. 511–12.
Chapter Seven
1. Bren Walsh, More Than a Poor Majority, p. 137.
2. Extracts from a Memorandum by Second Political Division on Speech by the Prime Minister at the Dinner in Honour of the Delegation from the National Convention of Newfoundland on June 24th, in Paul Bridle, ed., Documents on Relations Between Canada and Newfoundland, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 520.
3. Memorandum by Second Political Division, March 8, 1947, ibid., p. 404.
4. Extracts from Memorandum from Head, Second Political Division, to Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs. Ottawa, July 4, 1947, ibid., p. 553.
5. Richard Gwyn, Smallwood: The Unlikely Revolutionary, p. 87.
6. Ibid., p. 88.
7. Memorandum by Second Political Division, August 19, 1947, Minute on Despatch no. 399 from the Office of the High Commissioner for Canada, St. John’s, dated Aug. 19, 1947 in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2 pt. 1, pp. 622–23.
8. Memorandum by Department of External Affiars, Aug. 25, 1947, ibid., p. 623.
9. Memorandum by Second Political Division, Minute on two Clippings from the Montreal Gazette dated Aug. 27, 1947, ibid., p. 625.
10. J. Harrington to A. Foster, 23 June 1947, NRC RG 84, file 800, in Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 304.
11. St. John’s Daily News, Oct. 9, 1948, “Duplessis Opposes Annexation of Newfoundland,” in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 2, pp. 1337–38.
12. Memorandum by Second Political Division: G.L. Magann to D.M. Johnson, Dec. 8, 1947, ibid., vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 750–51.
13. Ibid.
14. Extract from the MacKenzie King Record, vol. 4, p. 80, Sept. 11, 1947, ibid., p. 630.
15. Extracts from Despatch from High Commissioner in Newfoundland to Secretary of State for External Affairs, Oct. 11, 1947, ibid., p. 672.
16. Harold Horwood, Joey, p. 91.
17. St. John’s Daily News, editorial, Dec. 12, 1947.
18. Prime Minister [of Canada] to Governor of Newfoundland, October 29, 1947, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2 pt. 1, pp. 682–83. Emphasis added.
19. Ibid., p. 730–31.
20. J.R. Baldwin to St. Laurent, Ottawa, Dec. 3, 1947, ibid., p. 744–45.
21. J.S. Macdonald to St. Laurent, Nov. 26, 1947, ibid., p. 740.
22. St. John’s Daily News, Nov. 25, 1945, ibid., p. 740.
23. St. John Chadwick, Newfoundland: Island into Province, p. 74.
24. J.S. Macdonald to Secretary of State for External Affairs, November 7, 1947, in Bridle, Docments, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 726–28.
25. This was the budget worked out with MacKay and Pickersgill in Ottawa.
26. J.S. Macdonald to Secretary of State for External Affairs, Dec. 13, 1947, ibid., pp. 758–59.
27. Ibid., Dec. 9, 1947, p. 754.
28. Ibid., Jan. 6, 1948, p. 767.
29. Ibid., Jan. 10, 1948, p. 773.
30. Ibid., Jan. 10, 1948, pp. 773–74.
31. Ibid., Jan. 28, 1948, pp. 786–87.
32. N.A. Robertson to L.B. Pearson, Jan. 20, 1948, ibid., p. 781–82.
33. Lord Addison to Prime Minister Clement Attlee, Feb. 3, 1948, ibid., pp. 808–09.
34. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
35. Wainwright Abbot to Secretary of State for War, Feb. 5, 1948, LAC, RG 59, 843.00/20548, in Peter Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 312.
Chapter Eight
&
nbsp; 1. St. John’s Daily News, Feb. 10, 1948, in Paul A. Bridle, ed., Documents on Relations between Canada and Newfoundland, 1940–1949, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 819.
2. Hiller and Harrington, National Convention Debates, Jan. 22, 1948, pp.1347–49
3. House of Lords Parliamentary Debates, vol. 90, no. 15, Dec. 20, 1933, in John FitzGerald, Newfoundland at the Crossroads, p. 19.
4. Bren Walsh, More Than a Poor Majority, p. 94.
5. Extracts from the MacKenzie King Record, vol. 4, p. 343, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 812.
6. J.W. Pickersgill to Mackenzie King, April 25, 1947, LAC, quoted in Richard Gwyn, Smallwood: The Unlikely Revolutionary, p. 78.
7. Memorandum by Department External Affairs, Feb. 13, 1948, Bridle, Documents, vol. 2 pt. 1, p. 821.
8. See H.G.J. Aitken, “Defensive Expansionism: The State of Economic Growth in Canada,” Oct. 11–13, 1956, pp. 79–113.
9. Sir Eric Machtig to Sir Alexander Clutterbuck, Feb. 14, 1948, in Bridle, Documents vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 822.
10. Clutterbuck to Machtig, Feb. 1948, Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 823–24.
11. Lord Addison to Governor Macdonald, Feb. 24, 1948, ibid., p. 827.
12. Machtig to Clutterbuck, Feb. 17, 1948, ibid., p. 823.
13. Louis St. Laurent to Sir Alexander Clutterbuck, March 3, 1948, ibid., p. 830.
14. J.S. Macdonald to St. Laurent, March 3, 1948, ibid., p. 831.
15. Extracts from Telegram from Sir Eric Machtig to Acting High Commissioner of Great Britain, March 5, 1948, ibid., p. 832–33.
16. Secretary of State for External Affairs to High Commissioner in Great Britain, March 2, 1948, ibid., p. 834.
17. Sir Eric Machtig to Governor Macdonald, March 2, 1948, ibid., p. 841.
18. J.S. Macdonald to Louis St. Laurent, March 11, 1948, ibid., p. 838–39.
19. R.A MacKay to J.S. Macdonald, March 12, 1948, ibid., pp. 844–46.
20. J.S. Macdonald to R.A. MacKay, March 15, 1948, ibid., pp. 846–47.
21. Ibid., p. 848.
Chapter Nine
1. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
2. J.S. Macdonald to Louis St. Laurent, Feb. 5, 1948, in Paul A. Bridle, ed., Documents on Relations between Canada and Newfoundland 1940–1949, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 812–14.
3. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
4. J.S. Macdonald, Minute on Despatch No. 132 of March 22, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 849–50.
5. J.S. Macdonald, April 8, 1948, Minute on Despatch No. 155, ibid., vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 855.
6. J.S. Macdonald, April 22, 1948, Minute on Despatch No. 177, ibid., vol. 2 pt. 1, pp. 859–60.
7. Ibid.
8. St. John’s Evening Telegram, April 8, 1941, p. 5.
9. Memorandum by Penson, 25 April, 1941, GN 38/54-2-5, file 2, “Discussions in Washington,” April 7–12, 1941, in Peter Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 150.
10. J.S. Macdonald to R.A. MacKay, May 12, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 866–68.
11. Extract from the Mackenzie King Record, ibid., p. 872.
12. Paul A. Bridle to St. Laurent, May 26, 1948, ibid., p. 879.
13. Harold Horwood, Joey, p. 117.
14. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
15. Horwood, Joey, pp. 113–15.
16. Extract from the Mackenzie King Record, June 3, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 885.
17. Bridle to St. Laurent, June 8, 1948, ibid., pp. 886–87.
18. Ibid., p. 890.
19. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
20. J.B. McEvoy, K.C., LL.B., Letters of June 5 and June 7 to R.A. MacKay, June 9, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 892.
21. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
22. Don Jamieson, No Place for Fools, p. 101.
23. Mr. J.B. McEvoy, K.C., LL.B., letters of June 9, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, pp. 891–93.
Chapter Ten
1. John FitzGerald, “The Confederation of Newfoundland with Canada, 1946–1949,” p. 225.
2. N.A. Robertson to Louis St. Laurent, July 2, 1948, in Paul A. Bridle, ed., Documents on Relations between Canada and Newfoundland, 1940–1949, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 916.
3. Ibid. Emphasis added.
4. Ibid.
5. N.A. Robertson to Louis St. Laurent, July 2, 1948 (#2), ibid., p. 918.
6. Sir Eric Machtig to Sir Alexander Clutterbuck, July 1, 1948, PRO DO 35 34/58, quoted in John FitzGerald, “Confederation of Newfoundland with Canada,” p. 225.
7. N.A. Robertson to Louis St. Laurent, July 2, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 919.
8. Bren Walsh, More Than a Poor Majority, p. 33.
9. Memorandum by Department of External Affairs, June 22, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 911.
10. N.A. Robertson to Louis St. Laurent, July 2, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 918–19.
11. Lester B. Pearson to N.A. Robertson, July 16, 1948, ibid., p. 928.
12. Philip Noel-Baker to Governor Macdonald, July 12, 1948, MA PRO DO 35/3460, quoted in FitzGerald, “Confederation of Newfoundland with Canada,” p. 228.
13. Governor Macdonald to Sir Eric Machtig, 13 July, 1948, MA.PRP PREM 8/1043, ibid., p. 227.
14. Paul A. Bridle to R.A. MacKay, June 21, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 906–09.
15. N.A. Robertson to Louis St. Laurent, July 2, 1948, ibid., p. 915.
16. Extract from St. John’s Evening Telegram, Feb. 9, 1948, ibid., p. 815.
17. Paul A. Bridle to Louis St. Laurent, July 17, 1948, ibid., p. 931.
18. J.B. McEvoy to C.D. Howe, June 21, 1948, ibid., p. 911. Emphasis added.
19. H. Porter to F.M. O’Leary, July 29, 1948, in FitzGerald, “Confederation,” pp. 253–54.
20. Ibid., p. 255.
21. Ibid., p. 220.
22. Ibid., p. 277.
23. Harold Horwood, “How We Got Confederation,” St. John’s Evening Telegram, March 28, 1969, p. 37.
24. Gordon Higgins to Leo Jackman, Aug. 26, 1948, J.G. Higgins Papers, in FitzGerald, “Confederation of Newfoundland with Canada,” p. 208.
25. Peter Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 323.
26. A.B. Butt, Interview, Jan. 11, 1980, Charles R. Granger Collection, LAC, MG32-C48.
27. FitzGerald, “Confederation of Newfoundland with Canada,” p. 174.
28. Bridle to Secretary of State External Affairs, July 19, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 936.
29. St. John’s Evening Telegram, June 28, 1948, ibid., p. 930.
30. Bridle to St. Laurent, July 20, 1948, ibid., p. 937.
31. Extract from Mackenzie King Record, July 20, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 940.
32. Bridle to Governor Macdonald, July 30, 1948, ibid., p. 977.
33. Wainwright Abbot to Secretary of State for War, 2 Aug. 1948, LAC, RG 59, 843.00/8–248, quoted in Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 324.
34. Bridle to St. Laurent, July 24, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 953.
35. FitzGerald, “Confederation of Newfoundland with Canada,” p. 227.
36. Noel-Baker to Lord Hall, 3 July, 1948, ibid., p. 227.
37. Secretary, Responsible Government League to Prime Minister, July 25, 1948, ibid., p. 955.
38. Prime Minister to Secretary, Responsible Government League of Newfoundland, July 30, 1948, ibid., p. 978.
39. Sir Eric Machtig to Sir Alexander Clutterbuck, July 26, 1948, ibid., pp. 961–62
40. Draft Statement by Prime Minister, July 30, 1948, ibid., p. 975.
41. Ibid.
Chapter Eleven
1. Second Conversation with Governor and Commissioners Pottle, Quinton and Walsh, July 27, 1948, in Paul A. Bridle, ed., Documents on Relations between Canada and Newfoundland, 1940–1949, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 991.
2. Memorandum from Head, British Commonwealth Division
to Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs, July 29, 1948, ibid., p. 981.
3. Extract from St. John’s Daily News, July 31, 1948, ibid., p. 994.
4. Jim Halley, Personal Interviews, 2008.
5. Acting High Commissioner in Newfoundland to Secretary of State for External Affairs, August 26, 1948, Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 1010.
6. Extracts from Minutes of a Meeting of the Delegation of Newfoundland to the Negotiations of the Terms of Union, Sept. 13, 1948, ibid., p. 1064.
7. Memorandum by Director Economic Policy Division, Department of Finance, Sept. 13, 1948, ibid., p. 1070.
8. Report by Sub-Committee on Finance and Economic Policy, Interdepartmental Committee on Newfoundland. A Background On Financial Terms Contained In Proposed Arrangements for the Entry of Newfoundland into Confederation, Sept. 30, 1948, ibid., p. 1107.
9. Extracts from Memorandum by Delegation of Newfoundland to Meeting with Cabinet Committee, Oct. 13, 1948, ibid., p. 1130.
10. Harold Horwood, Joey, p. 135.
11. Extracts from memorandum by Director, Economic Policy Division, Department of Finance, to Deputy Minister of Finance, Oct. 29, 1948, ibid., p. 1163.
12. Ray Atherton to Secretary of State in Washington, Dec. 22, 1947, in FitzGerald, Newfoundland at the Crossroads, pp. 101–04.
13. Extract from Mackenzie King Record, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 371.
14. Memorandum from Director General, Economic Research Branch, Department of Reconstruction and Supply, to Minister of Reconstruction and Supply, Nov. 2, 1948, ibid., vol. 2, pt. 2, pp. 1174–78.
15. Don Jamieson, No Place for Fools, p. 369.
16. Peter Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 327.
17. Sir Alexander Clutterbuck telegram, 15 Oct. 1948, DO 114/103 1, pp. 200–1, in Neary, Newfoundland in the North Atlantic World, p. 327.
18. Jamieson, No Place for Fools, pp. 131–32.
19. Privy Council Office to Cabinet Comitteee on Newfoundland, Report by Sub-Committee on Finance and Economic Policy, Interdepartmental Committee on Newfoundland. A. Background On Financial Terms Contained In Proposed Arrangements For The Entry Of Newfoundland Into Confederation, Oct. 1, 1948, in Bridle, Documents, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 1107.
