Nature (magazine), 98, 303
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 150
Neill, Richard, 40
Newman, Paul, 218
New York City Marathon, 119
New York Times, 40; Broyard’s career at, 295
Nietzsche, Friedrich: Thus Spoke Zarathustra, 234
Niger: author as volunteer worker in, 134
Nixon, Richard, 16
Nolen, Stephanie, 42
Obama, Barack, 95, 171, 213
Oklahoma City bombing, 99
Oliver, Percy Lane, 31
Olympic Games, 69, 70, 71, 120; in London, 67, 126, 127; in Seoul, 120
“one-drop” rule, of black identity, 192, 213
Ontario Human Rights Commission, 59
Opie, Robert Frederick, 258
Örvar Odd (legendary warrior), 165
Ottenberg, Reuben, 31
Owens, Jesse, 70, 123
oxygen, 8, 21, 214; anemia and, 46, 67, 126; athletic training and, 72, 126, 138; red blood cells and, 17, 19, 21, 132, 138
Paley, William S., 305
Palmater, Pamela, 208
Paris, Erna, 267
Parmenides, 37
“passing,” 287; from black to Aboriginal, 301; from black to white, 156, 293; as Holocaust survival strategy, 289; from Jewish to Christian, 289; from white to black, 287, 300. See also entry below
“passing” (specific examples): by Broyard, 295; by Grady’s father, 293; by Greene, 295; by Griffin, 300; by Hahn Beer, 289, 293; by Holocaust children, 291; by Johnson, 301; by McBride’s Jewish mother, 287; by Slaney’s ancestors, 156
Passover, 11, 63; and “blood libel,” 265
Pasteur, Louis, 24, 50
Patchett, Ann, 88
Paz, Octavio: Sor Juana; or, The Traps of Faith, 235, 237, 238
Pearl Harbor, Japanese attack on, 102, 174
Pelkey, Arthur, 246
performance-enhancing drugs, 120, 130, 132. See also blood doping
Peterson, Merrill, 305
Phelan, Michael L., 212
Philostratus, 119
phlebotomy. See bloodletting
Pick, Alison: Far to Go, 155
Pierpont Morgan Library (New York), 295
Pizzato, Mark, 76
plasma, 14, 16, 21, 46; and blood doping scandal, 129, 132; and blood segregation policy, 100, 102; donation of, 7, 53, 102, 108; as increased by heat training, 127; and Rh immune serum, 53; storage/transport of, 15, 33, 102; and tainted blood scandal, 108; water content of, 14, 132, 138
platelets, 14, 15, 16, 21, 46
Plutarch: Parallel Lives, 169
poetry/writing: on menstruation, 37; rhythm of, 12, 64, 234; of Sor Juana, 235, 237
polycythaemia, 24
power and public spectacle, as associated with blood, 11, 217; in animal sports, 65, 243, 250; and “blood purity,” 260; and Catholic Church persecution, 225, 235, 265; in executions, 249, 254; in film violence, 219, 242; and forcible blood removal, 222, 227, 228; genocide and, 229, 269; and gladiatorial spectacles, 252; and mob mentality, 219; murder and, 251; rituals of, 241; and senseless killings, 251; and spectators’ call for bloodshed, 219; in sports, 65, 241, 243; and witch hunting, 221; women and, 220, 221, 235, 253, 255, 261, 272. See also specific topics
Powers, David, 79
Powley, Steven and Roddy: hunting rights case of, 203
Presbyterian Hospital (New York), 33
puerperal fever, 50
race, 179; arithmetical quantification of, 179; as artificial concept, 180; Blumenbach’s divisions of, 181; Caucasian, 181; citizenship and, 182. See also mixed-race people, definition/categorization of
Racial Integrity Act (Virginia, 1924), 195
Randolph, Martha Jefferson, 304
rape, 79, 278; DNA proof of, 231, 232; genocide and, 272; of Gentileschi, 85; mob impunity and, 220
Red Bear (Bernie Robinson), 215
red blood cells, 14, 15, 16, 17, 46, 55, 138, 214; athletic activity and, 116, 126, 132, 138; blood doping and, 116, 126, 132, 138; blood transfusions and, 116, 126, 138; body’s replacement of, 18, 21; hemoglobin in, 18, 19, 132; as oxygen carrier, 17, 19, 132, 138; percentage of, 118, 124, 127, 129; and Rh factor, 51
Red Howl Moon (menstrual poetry slam), 37
religion: and bloodletting, 26; and human sacrifice, 75; and menstruation, 38, 234; and “passing,” 287; as secret revealed by blood, 287; and significance of blood, 11, 63, 142, 233. See also Islam; Jews; Judaism; Roman Catholic Church
Rely tampons, 45
Rembrandt van Rijn, 77, 78
residential school system, 160, 215, 273
Rh disease, 51
Rhesus (Rh) factor of blood, 21, 33, 51
Ridley, Matt, 97
Riel, Louis, 201, 203
rituals, as governing bloodshed, 241; in animal slaughter, 248; in animal sports, 65, 243, 250; and “blood libel,” 265; in duelling, 241; in executions, 249, 254; and “first blood,” 242; in gladiatorial spectacles, 252; in human sacrifice/suicide, 76; for men, 35; in sports, 65, 241, 244; in war, 79, 84; and witchcraft/witch hunting, 224
Robert, Marie-Pierre, 81
Robertson, Oswald, 32
Robespierre, Maximilien de, 255
Rodgers, Bill, 119
Rodríguez Juárez, Juan, 189
Roman Catholic Church: author’s grandmother and, 276; and Holocaust, 291; Holy Eucharist of, 11, 142; and Jews/Muslims by, 225, 265, 313; and Sor Juana, 235, 238; Spanish Inquisition of, 225, 265, 268, 288, 313; and witches, 226
Romulus and Remus, 169
Rosner, Fred, 26
Ross, Sir Ronald, 48
Roth, Philip: The Human Stain, 298
Rowling, J. K.: Harry Potter books of, 260, 262, 265
Rubens, Peter Paul: The Bacchanal, 223
Ruiz, Rosie, 119
Russell, Jeffrey B., and Brooks Alexander, 222, 224, 227
Rwanda: genocide in, 270, 272
sacrifices to God/deities: animals as, 78, 234; humans as, 75; of Sor Juana, 235
Salem witch trials, 224, 227
Sanchez, Aida, 297
Sanson, Charles-Louis, 257
Santiago de Compostela (Spain), 269
Schmeling, Max, 70
Schuessler, Michael, 236
Science (magazine), 93
Scott, Duncan Campbell, 211
secrets, as revealed by blood, 11, 276; in author’s family, 276; black ancestry, 293; evidence of murder, 283, 285; forensic analysis of, 285; genetic research and, 308; guilt over murder, 282, 285; and racial passing, 156, 293; religion, 287; women’s virginity, 142, . See also “passing,” and entry following
Seinfeld, Jerry, 45
Semmelweis, Ignaz, 50
seppuku (Japanese ritual suicide), 79
September 11 terrorist attacks, 99, 175, 179
Shabdeen, Sabreena, 167
Shakespeare, William, 12; Macbeth, 282; The Merchant of Venice, 63
Shankman, Steven, 77
sickle-cell anemia, 46, 90
Simpson, Nicole Brown, 286
Simpson, O. J., 286
Sisyphus, 19
“Sixties Scoop,” of Aboriginal children, 159
Skelton, Martha Wayles, 306
Sky, Amy, 149
Sky Jordan, Zoe, 149
Slaney, Catherine, 156
slaughterhouses, 248
slavery: and black ancestry, 135, 146, 191, 195, 213; in Canada, 154, 293; as Cherokee practice, 197, 198; Jefferson and, 303; rape and, 272; and Southern planter society, 48, 306
Smith, Tommie, 69
Spanish Civil War, 32
Spanish Inquisition, 225, 265, 268, 288, 313
sports, 67, 115; author’s experiences in, 69; Fi
ndlay’s Olympic debacle, 67, 126; history of cheating in, 119; Johnson’s steroid scandal, 120, 130, 132; legal training methods for, 126; Tour de France blood doping scandal, 20, 116, 121, 124, 132; as violent spectacle, 65, 241, 243; widespread cheating in, 122, 124. See also blood doping; Olympic Games; specific athletes
Springsteen, Bruce: “Born in the U.S.A.,” 172
Stallone, Sylvester, 242
Staples, Brent, 296
Steen, David, 72
Steinem, Gloria: and criticism of Artemsia (film), 86; “If Men Could Menstruate,” 44
Stellingwerff, Hilary, 127
Stellingwerff, Trent, 127
stem cells, 89; adult, 96; in bone marrow, 89, 98; human embryonic, 92; induced pluripotency of, 96; proof of existence of, 94; from umbilical cord blood, 90, 96
stem cells, human embryonic, 92; adult cells as alternative to, 96; discovery of, 92; ethical issues over use of, 89, 94; pluripotency of, 92, 96
stem cells, research on, 74, 89; and bone marrow transplants, 89; as legacy of atomic bomb, 91, 94; U.S. funding restrictions on, 93, 95
Stephens, Thomas M.: Dictionary of Latin American Racial and Ethnic Terminology, 192
steroid use, in athletics, 120, 123. See also Johnson, Ben
stigmata, 12
Stoker, Bram: Dracula, 261
Sturm, Circe, 197
Sunahara, Ann Gomer, 175
Sutherland, George, 182
Tahrir Square (Cairo), 220
tainted blood scandal, 74, 107, 314; Arkansas prisoners and, 107; and gay blood donor ban, 109; Krever Commission on, 108; new agencies created under, 109, 111
Talmud, 26, 55
Talos (mythological figure), 82
Tassi, Agostino, 85
Teillet, Jean, 201, 212
Terrell, Ernie, 247
Thevis, Mario, 119
Thind, Bhagat Singh, 182, 185
Thomas, E. Donnall, 91, 94
Thomson, James, 94
Thurmond, Strom, 95, 194
Till, James, 94
Toronto Labour Committee for Human Rights, 185, 187
Tour de France, 20, 132; Armstrong’s cheating in, 20, 116, 121, 124, 132
Trémaudan, Auguste Henri de, 202
Trudeau, Justin, 150
Trudeau, Pierre Elliott, 150
Trump, Donald, 172
truth and honour, as associated with blood, 67; blood donation policies and, 74, 98; blood doping scandal and, 20, 116, 121, 124, 132; in Gentileschi’s story, 84; honour killings and, 80; and modifications to blood, 74, 87, 115; in mythology, 82; in ritual suicide, 79; in sacrifices to deities, 75, 234; in sports, 67, 115; stem cell research and, 74, 89; steroid use scandal and, 120, 130, 132; tainted blood scandal and, 74, 107. See also specific topics
Turner, John, 171
Turner, Tina, 309
Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 100
Tutsis, as murdered in Rwanda, 270
Twilight books (Meyer), 260
Tyson, Mike, 247
ultimate fighting, 245, 248
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 163
UN Human Rights Committee, 178
United States Anti-Doping Agency, 118, 124
United States Army: author’s grandfather as officer in, 276, 277; and blood segregation policy, 102; early blood depot of, 32; MASH units of, 33
United States Constitution: Fourteenth Amendment, 170; Fourth Amendment, 232; Second Amendment, 254
United States Health Service, 100
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 291
United States Navy, 102
Uranus (Greek god), 82
vampires, in popular culture, 260
Vetter, Werner, 289
von Willebrand disease, 9, 46
Walker, James, 183, 186
War Measures Act, 175
Warsame, Jama, 176
Washington, George, 27
Washington-Williams, Essie Mae, 194
Wayles, John, 306
Weil, Patrick, 169
Whipple, Allen O., 101
white blood cells, 14, 15, 17, 21, 46, 138; multiplication of, 8, 55, 90
Winfrey, Oprah, 116, 130, 309
Winge, Mårten Eskil: Parting from Orvar Odd after the Fight on Samsö, 166
Winnipeg Children’s Hospital, 52
WinRho SDF (immune serum for Rh disease), 54
witches, 221; ancient precursors of, 221; Catholic Church and, 225; as lacking blood, 222, 227; literary portrayals of, 227; persecution of, 224; sexual deviancy of, 222, 225, 226; treatises on, 225; water as harmful to, 228
wolverines, 251
women: as athletes, 67, 119, 126, 127, 130; execution of, 255; honour killings of, 80; Indian Act status of, 209; and life of letters, 235; as rape victims, 85, 220, 272, 278; sexuality of, 222, 225, 226, ; in Southern planter society, 303; as spillers of blood, 82; spousal homicide of, 81; as targets, 253; virginity of, 85, 142, 260, ; as witches, 221. See also specific women; entry below
women, African-American: genetic analysis of, 309; as impregnated/raped by upper-class white men, 194, 272, 278, 303; “passing” by, 295
Wong Kim Ark, 170, 174
Wong-Rieger, Durhane, 113
World Anti-Doping Agency, 126, 128
World Health Organization, 48, 99
World University Service of Canada, 164
Wright, Thomas, 29
Yamanaka, Shinya, 96
Yana (people), 273
Yugoslavia, former: genocide in, 271, 272
Zenobia, 26
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