E.R. Punshon
TEN STAR CLUES
“I’ll have breakfast ready before you’re dressed,” Olive said, her mind full of bacon and eggs, tea, toast.
“Can’t stop,” Bobby told her. “I’ve to be at Castle Wych at once.”
“What’s happened there?”
“Murder,” Bobby answered as he made for the door.
Bobby Owen has left London and is now a policeman in the bucolic county of Wychshire. The local community is stunned when a missing heir returns to Castle Wych, determined to claim his inheritance. But following the ensuing dispute over his identity, Castle Wych plays host to murder. There are ten “star clues” investigated by the resourceful Bobby, with help from his wife Olive, in this delightful and classic example of the golden age mystery novel.
Ten Star Clues, originally published in 1941, is the fifteenth novel in the Bobby Owen mystery series. This new edition features an introduction by crime fiction historian Curtis Evans.
“Mr E.R. Punshon is one of the most entertaining and readable of our sensational novelists because his characters really live and are not merely pegs from which a mystery depends.” Punch
To
THE SIREN
Whose irresistible song so often lured
away the writer from his work.
LONDON. September—October 1940.
INTRODUCTION
The tale of the alleged lost heir who has returned home to claim his patrimony in the face of strenuous denials of his identity has proven a perennially popular one in English crime fiction. Probably the most well-known example of the plot today is found in Josephine Tey’s much-admired suspense novel Brat Farrar (1949), although with The Traveller Returns (1945) (in the US, She Came Back), the popular Golden Age crime writer Patricia Wentworth preceded Tey into print by four years with a feminine variation on the theme. However, E.R. Punshon anticipated both women on the subject with his fifteenth Bobby Owen detective novel, Ten Star Clues (1941), a classic British stately home mystery wherein Bobby, in his first investigation carried out entirely in the Midlands county of Wychshire in his capacity as detective-inspector and private secretary to Chief Constable Glynne, tries his best to solve the baffling problem of just which Wych is Wych. Confused? Read on!
Somewhat unusually for an E.R. Punshon detective novel, Ten Star Clues starts with an extended section devoted to detailing the rising tensions among the novel’s cast of characters, with Inspector Owen not making his first appearance until a quarter of the story has elapsed, after murder has finally struck. In this opening section of the novel, Punshon introduces the individuals connected to Castle Wych, located near the village of Brimsbury Wych. (“One of England’s show places and not without its niche in history,” Punshon observes of the castle, “open to the public on Saturdays and holidays on payment of one shilling, for the benefit of the funds of the Midwych General Hospital.”) These individuals are the elderly Earl and Countess Wych; Anne Hoyle, their masterful granddaughter, debarred by her sex, much to her irritation, from inheriting the Wych title and estates; Ralph Hoyle, their plainspoken great-nephew, estate manager and heir presumptive; Arthur Hoyle, another great-nephew, next in the line of succession after Ralph and a wealthy, smooth-talking company director who resides, Punshon wryly notes, “in some style in an imposing mansion known as The Thatched Cottage, presumably because it was neither thatched nor a cottage”; the absentminded Reverend Louis Longden, vicar of Brimsbury Wych, and his demure daughter, Sophy, companion to the ailing Countess Wych; Clinton Wells, “youngest partner in the old established firm of Wells, Clinton, Wells and Blacklock that for many years had been in charge of all the legal side of the Hoyle estates”; and Martin, the odious new butler at Castle Wych, “[p]lump, soft-footed, complacent—too complacent.”
Into this mix of vintage English mystery characters comes a highly disturbing element: a bumptious individual from the United States claiming to be Bertram Hoyle, grandson of Earl and Countess Wych. The family had presumed that Bertram met his demise a decade ago in the United States, yet Earl and Countess Wych quickly embrace the young man as Bertram, displacing Ralph Hoyle as heir presumptive to the Wych title and estates. Deeply disgruntled by this development, Ralph proclaims loudly to all and sundry that his “cousin” Bertram is a scoundrel and fake, and that he, Ralph, will prove him such. Not long afterward someone is shot dead in the library at Castle Wych, leaving Inspector Bobby Owen and Chief Constable Glynne tasked with unmasking a wily murderer. Late in the novel Bobby lists ten clues, dubbed by him “star” clues, which he believes are the keys to solving the crime—can you, in contrast with the flummoxed Colonel Glynne, beat Bobby to the solution?
At several points in Ten Star Clues characters reference the famous Victorian case of the Tichborne Claimant, in which an Australian butcher named Thomas Castro appeared in England in 1866 to claim that he was Roger Tichborne, the missing heir to the Tichborne baronetcy, who was widely believed to have expired in a shipwreck off the coast of Brazil a dozen years earlier. The case--of which it has been stated that “[n]o detective novel has a more complex and absorbing plot”--became one of the great causes célèbres in Victorian England, and has since stimulated the imaginations of English writers of both crime fiction and criminal history. In 1936, Frederic Herbert Maugham, elder brother of author Somerset Maugham and a prominent lawyer who had been recently ennobled as Baron Maugham, published The Tichborne Case, a classic account of the affair, while two years later the great locked room mystery writer John Dickson Carr drew on the Tichborne imbroglio for his acclaimed detective novel The Crooked Hinge (1938).
While not as singular a production as Carr’s fantastically eerie and unnerving mystery, Punshon’s Ten Star Clues is composed in the author’s very best vein. Simultaneously intriguing and charming and peopled by a splendid gallery of keenly observed characters, the novel is a model of Golden Age English mystery. In his review of Ten Star Clues in the Spectator, Punshon’s Detection Club colleague Nicholas Blake (the poet Cecil Day Lewis) allowed that Ten Star Clues has a “traditional atmosphere of Earls, libraries and sinister butlers,” but he nevertheless declared that the novel rose above convention “by soundness of characterization and the personality of Mr. Punshon’s detective.” He also deemed Bobby’s solutions to the dual puzzles concerning the identities of the claimant and the killer “not only exciting but plausible.”
Another interesting facet of Ten Star Clues is its setting in England during the so-called “Phoney War,” the early phase of relative inactivity in the Second World War that fell between the German-Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the German attack on the Low Countries that commenced in May 1940. Bobby’s newly-wedded wife, Olive--formerly Olive Farrar, owner of the chic shop “Olive, Hats”— dutifully attends ARP (Air Raid Precautions) lectures, where she incidentally meets Sophie Longden. (“I liked Miss Owen,” Sophy girlishly gushes to Countess Wych. “She seemed very nice, only rather awfully stylish. Oh, and her hats….Each time she had a different one, and each time it was nothing really and yet perfectly wonderful. She used to have a hat shop before she married, someone said.”) After England’s declaration of war on Germany, Bobby for his part handed in his resignation from the police force in order to enlist in the armed forces, but his resignation, we learn, was “instantly rejected.” County martial preparations ultimately play a key role in Bobby’s solution of one of the novel’s central mysteries.
War was much on E.R. Punshon’s mind when he wrote Ten Star Clues, in a two-month period over September-October 1940. With his gently wry humor the author tellingly dedicated the novel to “THE SIREN”, “Whose irresistible song so often lured away the writer from his work.” He of course refers ironically to the air raid siren, whi
ch after the Germans commenced the Blitz sounded many times throughout those months on Nimrod Road, Streatham, where Punshon resided in London with Sarah Punshon, his wife of thirty-five years. Presciently the author had evacuated Bobby Owen and his wife Olive from London to comparative safety in Wychshire, a rural Midlands county of his splendidly fertile imagination, but both Punshon and his wife themselves steadfastly remained in London to face the horrors of German air bombardment. In my introduction to the next set of Dean Street Press reissues of Bobby Owen detective novels, I will discuss more about the matter of E.R. Punshon and the Second World War, while continuing the chronicle of Inspector Owen’s battles with crime in Wychshire.
Curtis Evans
CHAPTER I
AFTERNOON TEA
Tea was ready on the great south terrace of Castle Wych, one of England’s show places and not without its niche in history, open to the public on Saturdays and holidays on payment of one shilling, for the benefit of the funds of the Midwych General Hospital. Plump, soft-footed, complacent—too complacent—Martin, the new butler, was putting the finishing touches to the tea things. Somehow, correctly conventional as he was in movement and appearance, he yet managed to give an impression of a secret, gloating satisfaction. Ralph Hoyle, leaning against the parapet, found himself reminded of a vulture, a filthy, obscene vulture, hovering over a dying man. Ralph knew this was absurd. It was his own imagination, he was well aware, a result of the tension of the moment. Nevertheless the impression remained. He glanced at his cousin and fiancée, Anne Hoyle, wondering if she felt the same. Apparently not, for she was absorbed in twisting his engagement ring round and round upon her finger. But then Anne seldom noticed servants, not, that is, so long as they carried out their duties satisfactorily. She said abruptly:—
“I can’t think why grand-dad doesn’t just send for the police.”
“Well, I don’t like the chap myself,” Ralph agreed, “but why the police? Sack him. I don’t know why you ever let Uncle Ralph take him on. Of course, it’s no end of a job, getting decent butlers these days.”
“Don’t be a fool,” snapped Anne. “You know I didn’t mean Martin.”
“No, I suppose not,” agreed Ralph. “I expect I was trying to be funny. I always do when I’m a bit nervy.”
“Nothing to be nervy about, is there?” Anne asked.
Ralph did not answer. She knew as well as he did how much or how little there was to be nervy about. It was the length of the interview in the study from which they had been excluded that was troubling them, that was giving to Martin his air of a secret and malicious satisfaction. They had both thought it would have ended long ago, and it still went on. Neither of them could imagine why. But it meant that both were becoming conscious of a vague and increasing unease.
Anne was still absorbed in apparent contemplation of the engagement ring on her finger. It was a nice ring. It had cost a hundred pounds. She knew the exact figure, because her grandfather, old Earl Wych, had told her as a great secret. But it hadn’t been Ralph’s hundred pounds. For one thing Ralph hadn’t a hundred pounds, hardly a hundred pence for that matter. Her grandfather—who was also Ralph’s great-uncle—had provided the money for this ring. That was a proof of how greatly the formal engagement had pleased him. Because he was not an old man who parted very easily with his money. Not a miser, of course, but his dislike of drawing cheques had always been marked, and had increased with age. All the same it was a nice ring. Turning it round and round upon her finger, Anne thought:—
“Suppose it’s true. If it is... but it can’t be... it can’t.”
She looked up at Ralph. He was tall, well built, with the fair hair, blue eyes, dominant nose of the Hoyles, who for some hundreds of years had lived and flourished at Castle Wych and owned most—but less now than formerly—of the surrounding country. In accordance with the present fashion, he was clean shaven, so that one could see the big mouth with the thin, straight lips that were also a characteristic of the Hoyles. His big, square chin stuck out, too, in a way reminiscent rather of the earlier than of the later Hoyles, who had generally owed their continued success to a certain nimble suppleness of mind rather than to that thrusting energy of which such a chin is supposed to be a sign. It was certainly a sign very apparent in the effigy of the founder of the family, the first Baron Hoyle, who had undoubtedly been a bit in the traditional robber-baron line.
Since those far-off days, however, the Hoyles had generally preferred to be lawyers, politicians, high ecclesiastics— place holders, in brief—rather than soldiers or adventurers. So they had flourished exceedingly, adding acre to acre, sedately progressing from baron to earl, sending out many off-shoots, destined, they, too, to reap where they had not sown and gather where they had not strewn. Then when place holding became a depressed industry the family took to finance, since holding directorships and drawing fat fees therefor, seemed almost the same thing as holding a sinecure or two. Unhappily, it hadn’t worked out quite like that. More than once unscrupulous persons had taken advantage of the Hoyle aristocratic indifference to detail that they expected subordinates to attend to. Also, the trade, profession, or occupation of landlord had in its turn become something of a depressed industry. True, as in the days of Carlyle, if a tenant plucked two nettles to make soup, then of those nettles the landlord could still claim one for himself. But to-day there wasn’t always a tenant to do the required plucking. Alternatively, as the lawyers say, the market for plucked vegetation of all kinds was sometimes so bad that even transport costs could not be covered.
This is known as agricultural depression, and Ralph, as heir to his great-uncle, the present aged but still vigorous earl, had long ago decided that when he inherited title and estates Castle Wych would have to go. Possibly it might be presented to the nation or to the Wychshire County Council, if either nation or county council could be cajoled or persuaded or otherwise induced to accept the sprawling white elephant of a place. Some of the outlying property would have to be disposed of, too, and the rest managed on very different lines from those followed at present. There was still money to be made in agriculture, Ralph was persuaded, if one had capital and adopted modern and scientific methods. Unfortunately in his present position as agent to his great-uncle he had command of no capital, nor was he permitted to employ or introduce those new methods for which he yearned. Indeed these suggestions that he had more than once urged upon the old earl had led to somewhat strained relations between them, and to one really gorgeous row when Ralph had let slip his intention of somehow or another getting rid of the castle, the ancient seat of the family.
“But for the entail,” Ralph had remarked afterwards to Anne, “poor old Uncle Ralph would have booted me out then and there. He told me I was a degenerate Hoyle and a disgrace to the family name. I suppose it is hard luck on him he has no direct heir now.”
Anne had made no comment. Her common sense told her some such step as Ralph proposed might very well be necessary. But she meant to make very sure that it was necessary. Countess Wych, presiding over ancient and historic Castle Wych, would be a much more imposing person than a Countess Wych in a London flat or occupying the dower house which was as old and inconvenient as the castle itself, and very much less magnificent; in fact, not magnificent at all. Besides, she had a genuine sense of the historic significance of the old place, where news had come of Agincourt, from whose towers beacons had blazed to tell of the coming of the Armada, where Charles the First had first raised his standard even before flying it at Nottingham, where galloping messengers had brought so often news of peace and war, of triumph and disaster, where three times over in the war of 1914-18, telegraph boys had come cycling up the long avenue with the tidings that once again the heir had died in battle; Mesopotamia, Gallipoli, France, all taking their toll in grim succession.
Turning now her ring round and round upon her finger, she was telling herself that things would have to be very bad indeed before she would consent to parting with the old historic
dwelling, for so long the seat of the family. Certainly not merely to raise money for agricultural experiments. Always she had been accustomed to getting her own way, and she meant to have it about the old house, too. Only, somehow, glancing up at Ralph, as he leaned moodily against the stone parapet, she was aware of an uncomfortable feeling that that square, stuck-out chin, those clear and steady eyes, suggested a will as decided as her own.
Then, too, there was this new development, though that, it appeared, need not be taken too seriously. Ralph himself, at any rate, who had seen and talked to the fellow, had waved him aside as an obvious, almost bare-faced impostor. And Mr. Clinton Wells, the family lawyer, was very much of the same opinion.
Only why were they all three, earl, lawyer, claimant, closeted so long in the library? Or perhaps the police had been sent for and the delay was merely till they arrived?
Bitterly she reflected, with the sense of grievance that never left her, that the claim now made would not have mattered but for the absurd and unfair sex disability under which her natural rights were disallowed. She felt herself as competent as any man to look after the estate or to take part in those activities that in England are part and parcel of an ancient title. Indeed, her clear-cut features; her chin, smaller and rounder no doubt than Ralph’s, but sticking out in much the same manner; the firm lines of her mouth, too big, like that of all the Hoyles; the direct and haughty gaze of her clear eyes so ready to show disdain or anger; all spoke of much the same reversion to the original bold-baron type whereof Ralph also seemed an example. She was a handsome rather than a pretty girl, largely made, fond of all outdoor sports, a good rider to hounds, an excellent shot, inclined to despise tennis to which she sometimes referred as ‘pat ball,’ but almost in the championship class at golf. Not that she ever really enjoyed any game so much as she enjoyed a day’s shooting—deer stalking in the Highlands for example—or a good run to hounds ending with a kill in the open. The very first thrill in her life had been the old ceremony of blooding she had gone through at the age of five, after one of the best runs the Wychshire hounds had ever known. Nor probably had Castle Wych, in all its long history, ever been so well run as since Countess Wych’s increasing age and infirmities had confined her to her room and caused the reins of management to fall into Anne’s hands. The domestic staff held her in wholesome awe, though, like the schoolboy in the story, they would probably have admitted that if she was a beast, at any rate she was a just beast.
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