Buttrick, John, 242, 244–45
Byles, Mather, 113, 154
Byrd, William, 291
Cadwalader, John, 409, 410, 418–19, 420, 464, 467
Caldwell, James, 139, 153, 180
Cambridge, Mass., 117, 164–65, 215, 219
army at, 252–53, 258, 265, 268–69, 304, 307–12, 378
Camden, S.C., 499, 553, 556
Canada, 259, 548
expedition against (1775), 315–22, 342, 373, 378, 442, 474
Carleton, Sir Guy, 319, 320–21, 545–546, 555
Caroline, Queen of George II of Britain, 29
Carr, Maurice, 131, 132, 151
Carr, Patrick, 139, 158–59
Carroll, Charles, 363
Carroll, John, 160
Carter, “King,” 42
“Case of the Salary of the Officers of Excise” (Paine), 336–37
Catherine II the Great, Empress of Russia, 407, 544
Caucus Club, 31, 33, 35, 77–78, 175
Chambly, Canada, 316
Champlain, Lake, 258, 260, 316, 373, 439, 444
Charles I, King of England, 16, 69
Charles II, King of England, 13
Charleston, S.C., 65, 329–33, 364–65, 380, 496, 538, 539, 544
Charlestown, Mass., 227–32, 250, 272–75 passim, 277–81, 284, 331
Charlottesville, Va., 349, 513–16
Charming Nancy (cargo ship), 494, 500
Chase, Samuel, 372
Chaudière River, 318
Chesapeake Bay, 519–25, 526ff.
Choate of Ipswich, 24
Chronicle, London, 126, 254
Church, Benjamin, 34, 115, 214, 217, 267
at Massacre commemorations, 191, 218, 310
in occupied Boston, 225, 229, 253
spying of, 309–12
and tea boycott, 173, 177, 179
Clark, Jonas, 221, 230, 232, 234, 240–41
Clinton, Henry, 472, 476, 494
Albany, advance toward, 447, 452, 453, 454
and André, 504, 505, 507–8
and Arnold, 512–13, 523
at Breed’s Hill, 271–72, 275, 284, 286, 331
at Charleston, 331–33, 380, 496, 538, 539
and Cornwallis/Yorktown debacle, 520–21, 526, 533, 534, 536, 537, 539–40, 543, 544
at Long Island, 378, 380–81, 383
at Newport, 400
and New York capture, 393, 394
and New York ruse of Washington, 519–23
Philadelphia, retreat from, 476–81,485
replaced, 545
seeks vindication, 555
Coke, Sir Edward, 20, 22, 348
Coke upon Littleton, 42
College of New Jersey (later Princeton), 263, 372
Committees of Correspondence, 171, 197, 198, 200–201
Committees of Safety, 217, 227, 252, 253, 258, 262, 272, 273, 279, 286, 311, 314
Commons, House of (Parliament), 20, 23, 28–29, 31, 73–74, 116
and death penalty, 169
and nonimportation agreements, 115–16
and Paine’s petition on salaries, 336–37
peace motions in, 465–66, 545–46
and peace negotiations, 550
Port Act voted by, 189–91, 200
and seizure of American ships, 341
and Stamp Act, 51, 81, 84–86, 92
and Sugar Act, 48–50
and taxation-without-representation issue, 49–51, 71, 84, 86, 99, 216
and tea monopoly, 174
and Townshend Acts, 92–93, 105
Common Sense (Paine), 335, 340–41, 351
Conant, William, 227, 230
Concord, Mass., 170, 219–21, 224, 227, 234, 239, 241–48
Congress, see Continental Congress, First, and Continental Congress, Second
Connecticut, provincial government of, 369, 371
Continental Army, beginnings of, 252–53, 258–59, 265
adopted by Congress, 268–69
at Bunker and Breed’s Hills, 273–287
first manual of, 469
forged into army by Washington, 304, 307–12
Continental Congress, First, 204–16, 220, 378
and Canada, 315
trade boycott voted by, 212–13, 214
Continental Congress, Second, 264–69, 305–7, 311, 524
and John Adams’ diary, 546–47
army adopted by, 268–69
and army crises, 320, 350, 423, 467–68, 512, 518, 557–60
and Arnold, 314, 471, 494
and Canada, 315–16, 342
changes in, 463
commissions major generals, 304, 309, 331, 468, 471
Committee of Secret Correspondence, 324–25, 432
and confederation, 366–72, 518
and Conway, 460–64, 471
and Deane’s accounts, 488, 491–93
and France, 430, 464, 466, 493
and Gates, 378, 438–40, 556
and independence, 265, 342–45, 359–60, 362–63
and Charles Lee, 304, 309, 402, 487
and loyalists’ property, 550
and New York defense and loss, 373, 399
paper money of, 423, 467–68, 518
peace feelers rejected by, 265–66, 390–93, 476
and peace negotiations, 547–50
relocations of, 401, 438, 440, 478, 560
and Saratoga, 458, 460, 538
state governments, advice on, 268, 341
Washington appointed by, 268–69, 289–91
Washington’s leavetaking of, 561–63
Conway, Thomas, 460–64, 469, 471, 553
Copley, John Singleton, 154, 166
Corner, John, 96
Cornwallis, Charles, Lord, 381–83, 400, 406, 440, 555
outfoxed at Trenton, 425–26, 428
Southern campaign of, 499, 515, 519
and Yorktown, 520–44, 556
Cowboys, 503
Cowpens, battle of, 514
Craig, Captain, 453, 455
Crisis, The (Paine), 401–2, 557
Cromwell, Oliver, 69, 100
Croskie, Captain, 257
Crown Point, N.Y., 316
Cushing, Thomas, 32, 78, 99, 110, 200, 217
as delegate to Congress, 199, 205, 211, 262
as Massachusetts House speaker, 165, 171, 193, 195, 198
Custis, Daniel, 301–2
Custis, Jack, 429, 530, 544
Dalrymple, William, 108, 112, 113–114, 127, 131, 151–57 passim, 161
Dana, Francis, 547
Danbury, Conn., 494
Dandridge, Nathaniel West, 41, 66–67, 553–54
Dartmouth, 175, 177–78, 181
Dartmouth, William Legge, Earl of, 169, 171, 173, 178, 185, 192–96
and Boston Tea Party, 184, 196
and Gage, 191, 201, 215, 217
and Lexington, 254
opposes North policies, 189, 190
Davids, Daniel, 308
Davies, Samuel, 44
Davies, William, 133
Davis, Edward, 126
Davis, Solomon, 75
Davis, William, 119
Dawes, Tom, 77
Dawes, William, 229, 230, 234–35, 241
D’Bernicre, Ensign, 219–20, 228
Deane, Silas, 205, 208, 549, 556
in France, 431–35, 460–61, 465, 466, 468–69, 489, 491–93
and Arthur Lee, 465, 488, 491, 493
recalled, 488, 491–94
Dearborn, Henry, 278
Declaration of Independence, 353–365, 375
proposed, 343–45
Declaratory Act (1766), 86
Delaplace, William, 262
Delaware, 73, 369
Denmark, 544
Diamond, William, 233, 237, 239, 246
Dickinson, John, 101, 207, 209, 305
and confederation, 368–71
“Pennsylvania Farmer,” 175, 207, 355–56
resists independence, 266, 342, 343, 359, 36
0
Dinwiddie, Robert, 295–96, 298, 300, 301
Dolbin, Edward, 183
Dorchester Heights, 272, 273, 328, 332, 375, 439
Dryden, John, 307
Duane, James, 206, 213
Duché, Jacob, 211
Dudingston, William, 166–70
Dumas, Mathieu, 540
Dunkirk, 548
Duquesne, Fort, 299–300, 302–4
Dutch Guiana, 90
Dutch West Indies, 90
Dutton, John, 287
Eagle, H.M.S., 390
East India Company, 173–76, 184–185, 189, 190, 198
Edes, Benjamin, 179
Edes, Peter, 180
Edes and Gill, 171, 179, 217, 310
Eleanor, 175, 177, 181
Emerson, William, 242
Englishtown, N.J., 484
Erskine, Sir William, 426
Eskridge, George, 291
Esopus, N.Y., 453–54
Estaing, Comte d’, 495
Evans, Israel, 534
Evening Post, Boston, 35, 36–37
Evening Post, London, 363
Ewing, James, 409, 418–19
Experiment, H.M.S., 332
Fairfax, George William, 292–93
Fairfax, Lord, 293
Fairfax, Sally Carey, 293–94, 298, 299, 301, 303, 327
Fairfax, William, 301
Faneuil, Benjamin, 175
Fauquier, Francis, 347
Feltham, Jocelyn, 261
Fenton, Colonel, 201–2
Ferriter, Nicholas, 130
Fischer, Friedrich, 414
Fitzgerald, John, 427
Fleeming, John, 126, 311
Forman, David, 481, 486
Forrest, James, 148–49
Fosdick, Nathaniel, 136
Fox, Charles, 441, 442, 551
France
alliance with U. S., 466, 469, 476
secret dealings leading to, 323–326, 430, 431–35, 464–65
in French and Indian War, 26, 297–300, 302–4
peace treaty ending (1763), 30, 35, 315
military cooperation with U. S., see Rochambeau, Comte de
naval activities against British, 521–33 passim, 539, 544, 556
and peace negotiations (1781, 547–51
Western claims of, 295–300, 302–4
Francis I, King of France, 393
Franklin, Benjamin, 51, 145, 207, 264–65, 361–62, 470
and Canada expedition, 342
and confederation, 368–69, 372
and Declaration, 344, 359, 363
as envoy to France, 430–31, 433–437, 465, 466, 474, 489, 490–491, 546–51
and French agent, 324–25
and Hessians, 379
at Howe peace meeting, 391–93
in London, 50, 86, 92, 115, 171–72, 185–87, 193–95
and Paine, 337–38, 557
personal rules of, 325
Poor Richard’s Almanack of, 361, 436, 490
as scientist, 436
Franklin, William, 207, 433, 436
Franklin William Temple, 433, 466
Fraser, Simon, 450–52
Frederick, Prince of Wales, 29
Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, 407, 470
Freeman’s Farm, 444–45, 448
French and Indian War, 15, 28, 180, 226, 330, 438–39
British national debt from, 37, 48, 51
Ticonderoga battle in, 256, 259–260
treaty ending, 30, 35, 315
Washington and, 203, 208, 297–300, 302, 304, 331, 409, 413, 439
Friendship, H.M.S., 332
Gadsden, Christopher, 65, 74, 207, 208, 212, 347, 438
Gage, Thomas, 97, 116, 188–89, 258, 305
and Bernard’s request for troops, 107–8, 112, 113, 119, 189
and Boston Massacre, 151, 154, 157
Boston under rule of, 91, 192, 196–99, 201–2, 214, 217, 231
and Breed’s Hill, 271–72, 275–77, 286, 312
Cambridge raided by, 211, 215
and Church, 253, 311
and Concord, 219–20, 224, 227–29, 238–39, 241, 243, 247, 250, 254, 259
encircled in Boston, 252, 268, 307
pardons rebels, 267
relieved of command, 312
Galloway, Joseph, 207, 208, 209, 212, 213–14, 265
Gardner, Henry, 243
Garrick, David, 273
Garrick, Edward, 133, 135
Gaspee, 166–70, 181
Gaspee (namesake of first Gaspee), 323
Gates, Horatio, 401, 404, 406, 438–440, 558
and Burgoyne campaign and surrender, 442–47, 449–52, 452–460, 538
at Camden, 499, 553, 556
and Canadian campaign, 378, 439
and Conway, 460–64 passim
Trenton, absence from, 410, 417, 439
Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser, London, 364
Gentleman’s Magazine, 119
George, Lake, 258, 260, 261, 452
George I, King of Great Britain, 29
George II, King of Great Britain, 29, 40, 41, 46, 298, 368
George III, King of Great Britain, 14, 28–30, 37, 83, 90, 336
abdication message of, 545–46
and boycotts, 115, 197
and Burgoyne, 441
and Bute, 29, 30, 53, 83
and Canada, 315, 316
and Gage, 189, 312
German soldiers hired by, 377
and Hancock, 80, 89, 195
Henry on, 69
and Howe, 389, 473
Hutchinson, meeting with, 192–96
Jefferson and, 202, 338, 354, 356–358, 364
Lee, interview with, 330
Lexington, reaction to, 254
and North, 99, 189, 545
and peace treaty, 551
and Port Act, 189–90
reluctant to end war, 544–46
and right to tax, 26–27, 84, 174
statue of, 206, 375
and Townshend, 93, 189
Georgia, 64, 209, 358, 369, 371
Germain, George, Lord, 428, 440–442, 452, 520–21, 545
German mercenaries, see Hessians
Germantown, Pa., 441, 461, 467, 473, 476
Gerrish, Samuel, 276, 279, 284, 308
Gerry, Elbridge, 279, 342
Gibbon, Edward, 190, 436–37
Gibbons, Mary, 374
Gibraltar, 548, 549
Gill, John, 119
Gillespie, John, 132–33
Glorious Revolution, 23
Gloucester, Mass., 14
Gloucester, Va., 523, 536–37
Goldfinch, John, 133, 134
Goldsmith, Oliver, 337
Grand Union flag, 457
Grasse, Comte François-Joseph-Paul de, 521–33 passim, 537, 539, 544, 556
Graves, Thomas, 526–29, 530, 533
Gray, John, 130–31
Gray, Samuel, 138, 140, 153
Gray, Thomas, 319
Great Awakening, 31–32, 44
Great Meadows, 296–98, 304
Green, William, 130–32
Greene, Kitty, 497–98
Greene, Nathanael, 289, 331, 378, 401, 478, 495, 497–98, 499
and Arnold, André conspiracy, 505, 507
in Carolinas, 519, 544
at Germantown, 440–41
and New York defense, 393–95, 399–400, 402
in Trenton raid, 412, 415, 418
Greenleaf, Stephen, 32, 49, 54–56, 63, 64, 110, 129, 161, 176
Green Mountain Boys, 259, 260–62
Greer, Mrs., 317
Grenville, George, 37–38, 48–51, 64–65, 73, 81, 83–85
Grey, Charles, 474–75
Gridley, Jeremiah, 18, 20, 21–22, 80, 145–46
Gridley, John, 122–23
Gridley, Richard, 274–75
Griffith, Dorcas, 221
Guilford, N.C., 519
Guines, Comte de, 323–24, 325
Gunpo
wder Plot, 20
Hale, Nathan, 390, 397–98, 507
Hale, Samuel, 398
Half-King (Tanacharison), 296–98
Halifax, Nova Scotia, 108, 110, 119, 476
Hallowell, Benjamin, 59, 97, 122
Hamilton, Alexander, 123–24, 470, 478, 497, 499, 507, 517–19
and Arnold-André conspiracy, 502, 505–9, 517
in Congress, 558
and Lee, at Monmouth, 482–84, 486–87
as regimental commander, 519, 522, 535–36
in Trenton raid, 412, 415
Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 517, 519
Hamilton, James, 124
Hancock, Dorothy, see Quincy, Dorothy
Hancock, John, 69, 102, 495
and Samuel Adams—
cultivated by Adams, 87–88, 95, 126, 164, 166, 191–92, 212, 268
their fallings-out, 164–66, 462–463, 491, 553
and Boston Massacre, 151, 155, 191, 218
as delegate to Continental Congress, 220, 262–64, 331, 342, 393, 491
as its president, 267, 305–6, 431
signs Declaration, 363
and Washington’s appointment, 269, 291
early life of, 88–89, 221
and Gage, 196, 217, 220, 268
and George III, 80, 89, 195
and governorship, 463, 551, 552
Lexington trap escaped by, 227, 229, 230, 232–33, 234–35, 237–238
and Liberty customs violation, 95–98, 150
marriage of, see Quincy, Dorothy as Massachusetts House member, 88, 90, 164–65, 172
and nonimportation agreement on tea, 128, 173, 174–75, 179, 183, 212
as president of Provincial Congress, 217, 220
and Stamp Act, 86–88, 105
treason accusation against, 116
Hancock, John George Washington, 553
Hancock, Lydia, 88, 89, 217, 220–221, 235, 238, 240–41, 263–64
Hancock, Thomas, 88–90
Hand, Israel, 388–89
Hannah’s Cowpens, 514
Harlem Heights, 394, 395–96, 399, 402
Harris, George, 284
Harrison, Benjamin, 203, 267, 306, 342, 344, 372, 516
Harrison, Joseph, 96–97, 178
Harrison, Richard, 96
Harrison, Robert, 482, 483
Hartigan, James, 160
Harvard College, 15, 20, 31, 117, 118, 144, 274, 329, 436
Hatfield, Mass., 102, 110
Hawley, Joseph, 99
Haynes, Josiah, 246, 248
Hays, Mary, 484
Hayward, James, 248
Heath, William, 249, 250, 252
Heister, Leopold von, 381, 385
Helvétius, Anne-Catherine, 491
Hemings, Elizabeth, 357–58
Hemings, Martin, 515
Hemings, Sally, 358
Henderson, Thomas, 481–82
Henry VIII, King of England, 115, 201
Henry, Dorothea Dandridge, 553–54
Henry, John, Judge, 41, 45, 46
Henry, Patrick, 41–47, 329, 553–54
and Conway affair, 463, 553
as delegate to Congress, 203, 208–210, 213–14
Patriots Page 68
