by Dan Hampton
Councill, Bill, 190, 192, 193
Craw, Demas “Nick,” 90n
Craw Field, 90
critical angle of attack, 280
critical Mach number, 116, 118–19, 272
Crocco, Gaetano Arturo, 118
Crosby, Bing, 174
Crossfield, Scott, 253
cross-licensing of patents, 51n
Curtiss, Glenn, 47–49, 51, 66, 287–88n
Curtiss Aeroplane Company, 48, 51, 58
Curtiss NC-4, 39
Curtiss P-40B/C Kittyhawks, 91, 91n, 159, 181
Curtiss P-40 Warhawks, 82–83, 90, 91–92, 91n, 94, 155
Dachau concentration camp, 70
Daimler-Benz, 137
Darlan, François, 89–90
Daughtery Field, 190
da Vinci, Leonardo, 287n, 300n
Day, Doris, 174
Dayton Tattler, 30
“Dear John” letters, 176
de Havilland Goblin, 124
de Havilland Mosquito, 134
delta wing, 114
De Motu Animalium (Borelli), 18
Derham, William, 16
Design A-150 battleships, 122, 122n
Deutsch de la Meurthe prize, 46
Deutsche Reichsban, 140
Dewoitine D.520s, 89
dihedral, 170, 170n, 272
Dilley, Bruno, 78
Dirschau Bridge, 78
Dirty Thirties, 65
Dittmar, Heini, 125–26
dogfighting, 41, 126, 145
Donaldson, Edward “Teddy,” 199–200
Doolittle, Jimmy, 70–71, 94, 96, 192, 220, 221n, 222
Dornberger, Walter Robert, 5–6
Dornier Do 217s, 107
Dornier Do 335s, 168
“double surface airfoil,” 277
Douglas A-20 Havocs, 122, 169
Douglas C-54 Skymasters, 233, 239
Douglas D-558-2 Skyrockets, 253
Dow Jones Industrial Average, 58
drag, 19, 24, 25–26, 28, 41–42, 115, 186–87, 272, 278–80
Dryden, Hugh, 117–18, 172, 293n
Duke University, 192, 193
Dunne, J. W., 114
Dupont Chemicals, 54
Dust Bowl, 65
Eberstadt, Ferdinand, 206
Edison, Thomas, 19
Edwards, Glen, 167–68, 169, 191, 192, 244, 257–58, 265
Edwards Air Force Base, 258
Egyptian Middle Kingdom, 15
Eiffel, Gustav, 50
Eiffel Tower (Paris), 50
80th Fighter Squadron, 86
816th Bombardment Squadron, 208
Eighteenth Amendment, 37
Eilmer of Malmesbury, 17
Eisenhower, Dwight, 90, 153, 233, 255
ejection seats, 126, 169
Elbe River, 162
11th Airborne Division, 86, 233
elevons, 3, 170–71
empennage, 188–89, 283–84
Empire State Building (New York City), 66
Enabling Act of 1933, 69
Engineering Flight Test School, 169
engine technology, 41–43, 72–78
Enola Gay, 163n
Enterprise, USS, 85
Esnault-Pelterie, Robert, 44–45, 48n
Esnault-Pelterie R.E.P. 1, 45
European Recovery Program (ERP), 178–80
Expanding the Envelope (Gorn), 50–51
Experimental (X) Supersonic (S) One (XS-1). See Bell X-1
Experimental Test Pilot School, 256, 258
Experiments and Observations on Electricity (Franklin), 19
experten, 6, 139, 143, 156, 272
Explorer 1, 255
Fairey III, 75
Falk & Partners, 76n
Fall, Albert Bacon, 38
familiarization flights (“fam flights”), 224–25
Far East Air Force (FEAF), 265
Farewell to Arms, A (Hemingway), 57
Farman, Henri, 45
Farman IIIs, 45
“fast” wings, 28
Faulkner, William, 57
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), 67
Federal Reserve, 57, 58, 64, 67
Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, 46, 190, 250–51, 256n
Fedorov, Ivan, 253
Fell, A. M., 196
fighter aircraft design, 40–43, 113–29
1st Fighter Group Shooting Stars, 193–96
first recorded human flight, 17
Fitzgerald, Ella, 174
flight airspeed records, 199–200, 250–51
flintlock firearms, 16, 16n
flow separation, 50, 92–93
Floyd Bennett Field, 68
“Fluid Flow in Very Little Friction” (Prandtl), 50
Focke-Wulf Fw 190s, 138n, 144, 145, 147, 154, 157, 169
Focke-Wulf Ta 183s, 170–71, 183, 253
Foggia Airfield Complex, 160, 208
Ford Motors, 137–38
foreign military ranks, xi
Forever Flying (Hoover), 70–71
Forrestal, James, 206
Four Freedoms speech, 162
4th Fighter Squadron, 106
41st Bombardment Group, 122
47th Pursuit Squadron, 81
412th Fighter Group, 125, 183
France
post-war period, 174, 179, 197
during World War II, 88–90, 110–11, 143–44, 152–53
Franklin, Benjamin, 19
Fredendall, Lloyd, 89
Freedom 7 (Mercury-Redstone 3), 256
French Resistance, 144
Fritz X, 107, 107n
Frost, Dick, 213, 219–20, 224–25, 241
fuel and engines, 42–43
fuselage, 282–83
Gabreski, Francis “Gabby,” 157n, 173, 191, 200
Gagarin, Yuri, 256
Galileo Galilei, 18–19
Galland, Adolf, 128
gasoline, 32, 43n
Gatty, Harold, 66–67
GEMA-Werke, 132
General Electric, 117, 119, 120, 124–25, 191
General Electric/Allison J33, 191
General Electric I-16, 123, 125, 191
General Electric I-40, 125, 191
General Electric I-A, 120
General Motors, 138, 138n
Gentile, Don, 191
German Sixth Army, 87, 148–49, 292n
Germany. See also Nazi Germany aftermath of World War II, 168, 169, 177–80
Marshall Plan and, 178–80
World War I reparations, 52–53, 53n
g-force, 195, 272
G.I. Bill, 176–77
Gilmore Oil Company, 69
Gilruth, Bob, 185
Gleanings in Bee Culture (Root), 45–46
Glenn, John, 255
gliding, 16–18, 20, 24
glossary of terms, 271–74
Gloster E.28/39, 124
Gloster Meteor, 127, 134, 135, 171, 199–200
Goddard, Robert, 67
Goodlin, Chalmers Hubert “Slick,” 243
background of, 194
birth of, 38
at National Air Races, 194–95
update on, 259
X-1 test flights, 194, 198–99, 207–8, 210, 219–20, 224
Göring, Hermann, 141, 162
Gorn, Michael, 50–51
Gosslau, Fritz, 133
Grand Ole Opry (Nashville), 54n
Great Bull Market of 1924-29, 56–58, 63
Great Depression, 63–66, 67, 222, 288–89n
Great War. See World War I
Greene, Larry, 188–89, 230, 234
Greening, Charles, 157n
Griffith, Alan Arnold, 74–75
Grissom, Gus, 255–56
Grumman F4F Wildcats, 85, 90
Grumman F9F Panthers, 171
Guadalcanal Campaign, 84–85, 87, 120
Guado Air Base, 111
Halford H-B, 124
Halsey, William “Bull,” 61, 85
Hannibal Bridge (Kansas City), 26–27
Happy Bottom Riding Club, 221, 230, 231–34, 240, 243
Happy Bottom Riding Club, The (Kessler), 216, 218
Harald-Mors, Otto, 110, 294n
Harding, Warren G., 37–38
Hawker Hurricanes, 76
Hawker Tempests, 134, 135, 135n, 144
Heinkel, Ernst, 77–78, 126–27
Heinkel He 178, 77–78, 126–27
Heinkel He 280, 126
Heinkel HeS 1, 77–78
Hemingway, Ernest, 57
Henson, William, 22
Herring, Augustus Moore, 27
Heuberg Military Training Area, 1
Himmler, Heinrich, 162
Hispano-Suiza 8, 41
Hitler, Adolf, 247
rise to power, 69, 76
suicide of, 162
during World War II, 79–80, 87, 89, 100, 101–2, 104, 109, 112, 128, 132, 141, 144, 146, 149, 152–53, 160, 162, 182
Holocaust, 80
Hoover, Herbert, 56, 64
Hoover, Robert “Bob,” 94
birth of, 53
on Doolittle, 70–71
early life of, 68
during World War II, 106, 145, 157–58, 174
at Wright Field, 173–74, 191, 209, 210, 211, 219–20
X-1 and Yeager, 209, 210, 211, 219–20, 241, 244
Hope, Bob, 102, 293–94n
Horkey, Ed, 230
Hornet, USS, 66n
housing allowance, for veterans, 177
Huston, Dean, 155
hypersonic speed, 251n
IAS (indicated air speed), defined, 272
Ibn Firnas, Abbas, 17, 26
incompressible flow, 116–17
Indochina, 83, 197
induced drag, 279
Industrial Revolution, 19
inertia coupling, 253–54, 262
interference, 278–79
internal combustion engine, 20, 42, 72, 75
Invasion of Normandy, 143–44
invasion of Poland, 78, 80
invasion of Soviet Union, 79–80, 132
Iran, Abadan oil fields, 80, 197
Iran crisis of 1946, 196–97
Iron Curtain, 181
Italian Campaign of World War II, 88–90, 95–112, 143–44
invasion of Sicily, 95–96, 99–103, 104–6
Italy, and the Marshall Plan, 178–80
Jacobs, Eastman, 93, 118
Jägernotprogramm, 140–41, 169–70
Janos, Leo, 260
Japan during World War II, 81–85, 87, 122, 233
atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 9, 163–64, 163n
attack on Pearl Harbor, 72n, 76, 81–83
February 26 Incident, 76
surrender and occupation, 174, 197–98
J.C. Penney’s, 65
Jean Bart, 90
jet engines, 72–78
jet fighter designs, 40–43, 113–29
Johnson, Bob, 250
Johnson, Clarence “Kelly,” 124–25
Jones, Bob, 172
joysticks, 44–45
Junkers Ju 52s (“Iron Annie”), 111, 111n
Junkers Ju 87s (“Stukas”), 78, 132
Kampfgeschwader 51s, 127, 141, 143
Kampfgeschwader 100s, 107, 107n
Kármán, Theodore von, 114, 118, 119, 172, 185, 230, 234, 261
Kawasaki Ki-61s “Tony,” 86
Kesselring, Albert, 104
Kessler, Lauren, 216, 218
Kila Airfield, 86
Kill Devil Hills, 32–33
Kindelberger, James “Dutch,” 92, 234–35, 248, 250
kites, 17
Kitty Hawk, xii, xiii, 32–33, 46
Korba Airfield, 95, 96, 97, 99
Korean Peninsula, 198
Kotcher, Ezra, 187, 188
Kozhedub, Ivan, 182n
Kühnold, Rudolph, 70
LaClare, Ed, 161
laminar flow, 92–94, 202
land boom of the 1920s, 55–56
Langley, Samuel Pierpont, 27–29, 51
Langley Aerodrome, 27–29, 28n
Lansdowne, Zach, 40, 40n
Laplace, Pierre-Simon, 16
Lavochkin La-168, 253
League of Nations, 69
Lebanon, 197
Lemke, Siegfried, 145
Lemoine, Gustave, 68
Lend-Lease, 180–81
LeVier, Tony, 169
Lexington, USS, 84
Leyte Gulf, USS, 264
Liberty L-12, 42, 52n
Life (magazine), 175
lift, 20–21, 24, 25–26, 272, 276, 277–78
lift over drag, 279–80
Lilienthal, Otto, 25–26, 32
Lincoln Memorial, 38
Lindbergh, Charles, 40, 49, 50n, 55, 58, 58n, 66, 67, 190n, 208
Lindbergh, Charles Augustus, Jr., 67
Lippisch, Alexander, 113–14, 172, 200–201
load factor, defined, 272
Lockheed Advanced Development Projects, 124–25
Lockheed P-38 Lightnings, 85–86, 122, 135, 136, 159, 173
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Stars, 171
Councill’s speed record, 190
design and development, 124–25
at National Air Races, 193, 195–96
operational history, 160–61, 183–84
Lockheed Vega Winnie Mae, 66–67
London Blitz, 135–36n
Lowe, Florence Leontine “Pancho
Barnes,” 215–19, 221–24, 231–32, 237, 240, 299n
Lowe, Thaddeus Sobieski, 215–16
Luftfahrtforschungsanstalt, 183
Lufthansa, 70
Luftwaffe
aircraft losses, 79, 128, 132, 155, 156
Allied bombing campaign and, 132–33, 139, 140–44, 145
formation of, 71, 76
invasion of Soviet Union, 79, 87
jet program, 76–77, 125, 135–36
Operation Bodenplatte, 146–49, 152–57
Luke, Frank, 85n
Lundquist, Gus, 244
during World War II, 145, 157, 173, 174
at Wright Field, 167–68, 173, 191, 192, 193, 196, 200–201
MacArthur, Douglas, 205
Mach, Ernst Waldfried, 115–16, 118, 136–37
Mach effect, 237, 238
machine guns, 23, 40–41
Mach number, 115–16, 118–19, 272
MacKaye, Benton, 37
Mackay Trophy, 71
McNamee, Graham, 55
magnitude of lift, 277–78
Malmesbury Abbey, 17n
Mammoth Oil Company, 38
Manly, Charles, 28–29
Manly-Balzer engine, 28, 41
Mannock, Edward “Mick,” 40
Manteuffel, Hasso von, 149, 151–52, 162
March Field, 122, 193
Marienehe Airfield, 77
Marine Corps, U.S., 205–6
Marine Corps Air Station Ewa, 83
marriage rates, post-World War II, 176
Marshall, George C., 95–96, 178, 206
Marshall Plan, 178–80, 297n
Massachusetts, USS, 88, 90
Material Center Flight Test Site, 122–23
Matthau, Walter, 68n
Maurya Empire, 15
Maxim, Hiram, 23–24, 32
Maxim Gun Company, 23
Means, James Howard, 31
Meehan, Michael, 57
Mendel, Gregor, 18
Menlo Park Laboratory, 19
Mercury-Redstone 3, 256
Mersenne, Marin, 16
Messerschmitt Bf 109, 136, 139, 144, 145, 155, 201–2
Messerschmitt Bf 110, 6
Messerschmitt Me 163 Komets, 125–27, 168, 199, 201
Messerschmitt Me 262 (“Swallow”), 126–28, 168, 170, 189, 201
design and development, 6–7, 119, 126–28, 160
operational history, 127–28, 132, 134, 157
production, 141n, 142
speed of sou
nd and, 6–8, 199, 230
Messerschmitt P.1101, 119, 169–70, 171
Meyer, John, 154, 154n
Miami hurricane of 1926, 55
Mikoyan-Gurevich (MiG)
Experimental Design Bureau, 183
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9, 183, 202
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, 171, 261–62
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19, 253
Milch, Erhard, 139
Miles M.52, 171
Miss America Pageant, 37
Missouri, USS, 197, 202
MISS Program (Man in Space Soonest), 255
Mitchell, Charles, 57
Mitchum, Robert, 68n
Mohammed V International Airport, 91n
monocoque, 283
monoplanes, 45, 48, 76, 273
Monroe, James, 63
Montgomery, Bernard, 106
Montreux Convention (1936), 202–3
Morrison, Marion Robert (“John Wayne”), 218–19, 218n
Mors, Harald, 110, 294n
Multhopp, Hans, 170
Muroc Army Air Field, 122–23, 213, 219–21, 227
Muroc Lake, 122, 125
Musial, Stan, 68n
Mussolini, Benito, 88, 95, 101, 103, 105, 110–11n
Mustangs. See North American F-82 Twin Mustangs; North American P-51 Mustangs
Mutke, Hans, 6–8, 6n, 157
Nakijima 97-3, 81–82
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), 51–52, 93, 188, 255, 273
National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, 255
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 255–56, 273
National Air Races (1946), 192–96
National Bureau of Standards, 117
National City Bank New York, 57
National Geographic, 198
National Prohibition Act, 37, 69
National Security Act of 1947, 206, 228
National Security Council (NSC), 206
Naval Air Station Anacostia, 66
Naval Air Station Rockaway, 39
Naval Battle of Casablanca, 88–91
Navy, U.S., unity of command, 205–7
Nazi Germany. See also Luftwaffe collapse of, 143–44
conquest of Europe, 87, 89–90, 101, 103–12
invasion of Poland, 78, 80
jet and weapons programs, 71–72, 76–77, 113–19, 123–29, 131–32, 133–35, 169–72
militaristic foreign policy, 71–72, 76–77, 78
Operation Bodenplatte, 146–49, 152–57
Operation Nordwind, 152–53
Operation Sealion, 132–33
Operation Wacht am Rhein, 149–52
outbreak of war, 79–80, 291n
seizure of power, 64–65, 69, 70
strategic bombing of resources, 137–45
surrender, 162
turning point and collapse, 152–58, 161, 162
New Deal, 67–68
New Guinea campaign, 83–84, 86
Newton, Dorr, 158
Newton, Isaac, 15–16
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 13
Night of the Long Knives, 70
Nimonic 80, 171
Nineteenth Amendment, 37
North African Campaign, 87–91, 293n
North American Aviation (NAA), 92, 159–60, 173, 184, 212, 226–27, 250, 251, 252, 299n
