———. 1994. How to grow extremists. New York Times, 13 March, Op-Ed.
Sweezy, Paul, ed. [1949] 1975. Karl Marx and the Close of His System. Clifton, N.J.: Augustus M. Kelley.
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Thomas, Paul. 1980. Karl Marx and the Anarchists. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Thomas, William, ed. 2005. The Literary Art of Ayn Rand. Poughkeepsie, N.Y.: Objectivist Center.
Thompson, John B., and David Held, eds. 1982. Habermas: Critical Debates. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Thorslev, Peter L., Jr. 1971. Some dangers of dialectic thinking, with illustrations from Blake and his critics. In Romantic and Victorian: Studies in Memory of William H. Marshall, ed. W. Paul Elledge and Richard L. Hoffman. Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
Tolstaya, Tatyana. 1991. In cannibalistic times: Review of Conquest’s The Greater Terror: A Reassessment. New York Review of Books, 11 April.
Tolstoi, Lyof N. [1899] 1913. What Is Art? What Is Religion? New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Torres, Louis, and Michelle Marder Kamhi. 2000. What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand. Chicago: Open Court.
——, eds. 1982–94. Aristos: The Journal of Esthetics. Vols. 1–6.
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Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. 2012. Vol. 261. Detroit: Gale; Cengage Learning.
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Zenkovsky, V. V. 1953. A History of Russian Philosophy. 2 vols. Translated by George L. Kline. New York: Columbia University Press.
CORRESPONDENCE
Michael David-Fox, 23 November 1998; 29 November 1998.
George Kline, 15 November 1998; 29 November 1998; 24 January 1999; 8 February 1999; 11 February 1999.
Peter Konecny, 24 November 1998; 8 January 1999; 29 January 1999.
Boris Lossky, 21 November 1995; 9 January 1999 (interview).
Helene Sikorski, 3 January 1996; 7 February 1996.
TAPES
Binswanger, Harry. [1987] 1991T. Selected Topics in the Philosophy of Science. 2 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1989T. Consciousness and Identification: The Nature of Cognition and Concept-Formation. 3 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1994T. Ayn Rand’s Life: Highlights and Sidelights. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Blumenthal, Allan. 1992T. Nature, Nurture, and Free Will. Institute of Objectivist Studies Forum, 12 December.
Blumenthal, Allan, and Joan Mitchell Blumenthal. [1974] 1987T. Music: Theory, History, Performance, 12 lectures.
Branden, Barbara. 1962T. Principles of Efficient Thinking. 10 lectures. New York: Nathaniel Branden Institute.
———. 1986T. An Evening with Barbara Branden. New York: Laissez-Faire.
Branden, Nathaniel. 1967T. Basic Principles of Objectivism. 20 lectures. New York: Nathaniel Branden Institute.
———. 1982T. The Benefits and Hazards of the Philosophy of Ayn Rand: A Personal Statement. Washington, D.C.: Biocentric Institute.
———. 1983T. Love and Sex in the Philosophy of Ayn Rand. Washington, D.C.: Biocentric Institute.
———. 1989T. On Ayn Rand. New York: Laissez-Faire.
———. 1991T. The Inside Edge Presents an Edge on the Nineties: The Dynamics of Self-Esteem. Loew’s Hotel, Santa Monica, Calif., 23 March [Video].
———. n.d.T. The Psychology of Individualism: An Informal Discussion of “Honoring the Self.”
Gotthelf, Allan. 1988T. Aristotle as Scientist: A Proper Verdict. 2 lectures. Power of Reason Conference, 1, 3 August. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Kelley, David. 1985aT. The Nature of Free Will. 2 lectures.
———. 1985bT. The Primacy of Existence. 2 lectures.
———. 1985cT. Universals and Induction. 2 lectures.
———, moderator. 1993T. Colloquium on Chris Sciabarra’s Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. Sponsored by the Institute for Objectivist Studies, New York, 6 June.
Locke, Edwin A. 1991T. The Nature of Human Intelligence. 2 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Packer, Edith. 1985T. The Language of Emotions and Introspection. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1986T. The Role of Philosophy in Psychotherapy. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1988T. Toward a Lasting Romantic Relationship, Part One. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1990T. Toward a Lasting Romantic Relationship, Part Two. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Peikoff, Leonard. 1970T. Modern Philosophy: Kant to the Present. 12 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1972T. Founders of Western Philosophy: Thales to Hume. 12 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1974T. Introduction to Logic. 10 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1976T. The Philosophy of Objectivism. 12 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1980T. Objective Communication. 10 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1982aT. Principles of Grammar. 8 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1982bT. The Sanction of the Victims. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1983T. Understanding Objectivism. 12 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1984T. The Role of Philosophy and Psychology in History. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1985T. Philosophy of Education. 6 lectures. La Jolla, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1987aT. My Thirty Years with Ayn Rand: An Intellectual Memoir. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1987bT. Objectivism: The State of the Art. 6 lectures. 2 question periods. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1988aT. Why Should One Act on Prin
ciple? Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1988bT. Certainty and Happiness. Conceptual conferences. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1989T. Moral Virtue. 3 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1990T. Philosophy and the Real World Out There. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1990–91T. Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand. 15 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1997T. Objectivism Through Induction. 12 lectures. Alpine, Calif.: Ayn Rand Institute.
Peikoff, Leonard, and Duncan Scott. 1988T. Benefit Screening for “We the Living.” Ocean-side, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Rand, Ayn. [1958] 1986T. Lectures on Fiction-Writing. 12 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Lectures on Objectivism.
———. 1961T. Faith and Force: The Destroyers of the Modern World. Purdue University, April. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. [1961] 1992T. Ayn Rand and the ‘New Intellectual’: Interview with James McConnell. University of Michigan Television [Video].
———. 1962aT. Questions and Answers on Objectivism. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1962bT. Foreign Policy of a Mixed Economy. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. [1964] 1993aT. Nineteenth-century Capitalism. WKCR Interview. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. [1964] 1993bT. Objectivism and Romantic Literature. WKCR Interview. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. [1964] 1993cT. Conservatism vs. Objectivism. WKCR Interview. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. [1964] 1993dT. The Role of Education. WKCR Interview. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1966T. Ethics in Education. New York: Nathaniel Branden Institute.
———. 1969T. Apollo and Dionysus. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1971T. The Moratorium on Brains. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1972T. Interview with Edwin Newman. Speaking Freely. New York: NBC-TV, 4 March.
———. 1973T. Censorship: Local and Express. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1974aT. Interview with James Day—Ayn Rand speaks for herself. Day at Night. New York: WNET-TV, 30 April [Video].
———. 1974bT. Philosophy: Who Needs It. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1974cT. Egalitarianism and Inflation, Q&A. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1976T. The Moral Factor. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. [1976] 1992T. Interview with Ayn Rand. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1977T. Global Balkanization. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1978T. Cultural Update. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1979aT. Interview with Phil Donahue: The Phil Donahue Show. New York: NBC-TV, 15 May.
———. 1979bT. Interview with Tom Snyder: The Tomorrow Show. New York: NBC-TV, 2 July.
———. 1981T. The Sanction of the Victims. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1983T. Objectivism in Brief. 2 interviews. The Raymond Newman Journal. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Reisman, George. 1986T. Toward the Establishment of a Capitalist Society. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1990T. Education and the Racist Road to Barbarism. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Ridpath, John. 1983T. The Raymond Newman Journal: History of the Concept of Rights. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1987T. Lenin: 19th Century Origins and 20th Century Impact. 2 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Schwartz, Peter. 1990T. The Altruist Connection. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
———. 1994T. The Threats to Freedom: A Philosophic Dissection. 7 lectures. Oceanside, Calif.: Second Renaissance Books.
Walker, Jeff. 1992T. The Legacy of Ayn Rand. Narrated by Lester Sinclair. San Francisco: Laissez-Faire.
Walsh, George. [1985] 1990T. Marxism: Philosophy and Political Ideology. 4 lectures. San Francisco: Laissez-Faire.
———. 1988T. The Role of Religion in Human History. 4 lectures. San Francisco: Laissez-faire.
INDEX
abortion, 259, 330
abstraction
art and, 192–93, 195–97
awareness and, 156–61
conception and, 157–61
concepts and, 162
consciousness and, 157–61, 178, 196–97, 213
dialectics and, xi–xii
differentiation and, 160–61
efficacy and, 213
emotions and, 178
empiricism and, 204–5
entity and, 162
epistemology and, 157–61, 162, 196–97
existence and, 126
integration and, 159–61
literature and, 192–93, 195–97
Lossky and, 51–53, 60–61, 159
measurement and, 160–61
ontology and, 126, 162
organicism and, 60–61
perception and, 161
racism and, 326
radicalism and, 159–60
rationalism and, 204–5, 213
reason and, 213
reification and, 159
relations and, 162
sense of life and, 178
values and, 99–100
academia, 24, 69–72, 73, 81–82, 85–87, 111. See also scholarship
action
art and, 195–97
articulation and, 198, 200–201
awareness and, 170–71
capitalism and, 155–56
conception and, 170–71
consciousness and, 149, 170–71, 198, 200–201, 214, 240, 253–54, 340
creativity and, 170–71
culture and, 298
emotions and, 170–71, 340
epistemology and, 155–56, 170–71, 198, 214
ethics and, 220–21, 222, 224–27
freedom and, 344–45
humankind and, 298
life and, 222, 224–27, 256
literature and, 195–97
mind-body dichotomy and, 155–56
productive work and, 230–32, 253–54
rationalism and, 214
rationality and, 228
reason and, 155–56, 170–71, 214
relations and, 156, 222
rights and, 256, 257
self-esteem and, 234
society and, 298
statism and, 344–45
values and, 222, 224–27
Adorno, Theodor, 131
aesthetics. See art
affirmative action, 326–27
aging, 128
agriculture, 253
Agursky, Mikhail, 388
Alexander, Ruth, 105, 266
Alexeev, Sergei Alexeevich, 78
alienation, 278, 286–87, 289, 441n. 28
altruism
capitalism and, 265–66
dialectics and, 27
egalitarianism and, 300
egoism and, 216–21, 235–36
ethics and, 30, 216–21, 227, 235–36, 279–80
fact-value dichotomy and, 216–21
history and, 343
life and, 227
Russian philosophy and, 27
selfishness and, 216–21, 235–36
We the Living (Rand) and, 96–97
ambition, 299–300
Ambrose, 342
anarchism, 248, 260–64, 307
Anderson, Martin, 1
Andreas, Antonias, 422n. 29
animals, 164, 168, 259, 426n. 23
Anthem (Rand), 37–38, 73, 104–5, 110
anti-concepts
egalitarianism and, 300
ideology and, 295, 305
isolationism as, 316
race and, 325, 326, 327
statism and, 294–96, 297, 304, 323
systemics and, 323
antitrust laws, 311
Apollo, 31, 32, 77, 219, 334
appearance, 141
a priori vs. a posteriori, 51, 147
Aquinas, Saint Thomas, 11, 122, 158, 448n. 75
archetypes, 333–37. See also Apollo; Dionysus
Arendt, Hannah, 288
Aristotle
art and, 60
atomism and, 48
contradiction and, 26, 129
dialectics and, xii, 14, 17, 26, 45–46, 405n. 42
dualism and, 48, 122
education and, 39, 79
entity and, 133
epistemology and, 46, 129
ethics and, 444n. 10
eudaemonia and, 242–43
on humankind, 164, 168, 251
ideal-realism and, 46, 47, 58
identity and, 45–50, 129, 131
on infinity, 134
intuition and, 46–50
logic and, 48, 126–27, 129
Lossky and, 39, 45–50, 58, 79
monism and, 48
Objectivism and, 114
ontology and, 120, 129, 139, 140, 410n. 25, 423n. 33
organicism and, 48–50
perception and, 46–47, 48
philosophy and, 335
on pride, 233
Rand and generally, xii, 11, 17, 78
realism and, 46
reason and, 155, 355
reification and, 48
relations and, 49, 57, 281
Russian philosophy and, 26
soul and, 218
subjectivism and, 46–47
art
abstraction and, 192–93, 195–97
action and, 195–97
Atlas Shrugged (Rand) and, 110
conception and, 191–93, 195–97
consciousness and, 181, 191–93, 196–97, 238
creativity and, 192–93, 194–97, 238
culture and, 191, 193–95, 298, 302
definitions and, 191
education and, 366, 371–72
emotions and, 192
epistemology and, 191–93, 196–97
ethics and, 110, 193–94
function of, 191–97
government and, 455n. 126
individualism and, 194
integration and, 192–93
literature as, 192–97
Lossky and, 60, 432n. 7
Objectivism and, 347
Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical Page 73
