150 Max Boot, “Accept the Blackwater Mercenaries,” Los Angeles Times, October 3, 2007.
151 Prepared Statement of Erik D. Prince for the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, October 2, 2007.
152 Sworn statement of “Paul,” September 18, 2007; Ginger Thompson, “From Texas to Iraq, and Center of Blackwater Case,” New York Times, January 19, 2008.
153 Sworn statement of “Paul,” September 18, 2007.
154 Sudarsan Raghavan and Josh White, “Blackwater Guards Fired at Fleeing Cars, Soldiers Say,” Washington Post, October 12, 2007.
155 Sworn statement of “Paul,” September 18, 2007.
156 Prepared Statement of Erik D. Prince for the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, October 2, 2007.
157 Steve Fainaru and Sudarsan Raghavan, “Blackwater Faced Bedlam, Embassy Finds,” Washington Post, September 28, 2007.
158 Sudarsan Raghavan and Josh White, “Blackwater Guards Fired at Fleeing Cars, Soldiers Say,” Washington Post, October 12, 2007.
159 Transcript, interview with Erik Prince, The Charlie Rose Show, PBS, October 15, 2007.
160 David Johnston and John M. Broder, “F.B.I. Says Guards Killed 14 Iraqis Without Cause,” New York Times, November 14, 2007.
161 Sudarsan Raghavan and Josh White, “Blackwater Guards Fired at Fleeing Cars, Soldiers Say,” Washington Post, October 12, 2007.
162 Peter Spiegel, “Gates: U.S., Guards Are at Odds in Iraq,” Los Angeles Times, October 19, 2007.
163 Karen DeYoung, “Security Firms in Iraq Face New Rules,” Washington Post, October 24, 2007.
164 James Risen and David Johnston, “Justice Department Briefed Congress on Legal Obstacles in Blackwater Case,” New York Times, January 16, 2008.
165 Executive Office of the President, “Statement of Administration Policy,” October 3, 2007.
166 Author interview, January 2008.
167 Press Release from Representative Jan Schakowsky, “Schakowsky Condemns State Department for Offering Blackwater Immunity,” October 30, 2007.
168 “Family Members of Slain Iraqis Sue Blackwater USA for Deadly Baghdad Shooting,” Democracy Now!, October 11, 2007.
169 Author copy of the complaint.
170 Author interview, October 2007.
171 Transcript, The Thom Hartmann Show, Air America, January 29, 2008.
172 “Iraqi Shooting Victims’ Families Sue Blackwater,” Virginian-Pilot, October 12, 2007.
173 Transcript, interview with Erik Prince, Late Edition With Wolf Blitzer, CNN, October 14, 2007.
174 J. Michael Waller, “Lawyers for Terror,” New York Post, October 17, 2007.
175 Author interview, January 2008.
176 Author copy of the complaint.
177 “Blackwater Sued Again for Sept. 9th Attack, Five Iraqis Dead, Ten Wounded,” Democracy Now!, December 19, 2007.
178 Eric Schmitt and Paul von Zielbauer, “Accord Tightens Control of Security Contractors in Iraq,” New York Times, December 5, 2007.
179 R.J. Hillhouse, “Blackwater Expanding State Department Contract,” TheSpyWhoBilledMe. com, December 4, 2007.
180 Jeremy Scahill, “Blackwater’s Business,” The Nation, December 24, 2007.
181 Ibid.
182 Ibid.
183 August Cole, “Blackwater Vies for Jobs Beyond Guard Duty,” Wall Street Journal, October 15, 2007.
184 Transcript, Hearing on Iraq Private Contractor Oversight, House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, October 2, 2007.
185 August Cole, “Blackwater Vies for Jobs Beyond Guard Duty,” Wall Street Journal, October 15, 2007.
186 Ibid.
187 Jeremy Scahill, “Blackwater’s Business,” The Nation, December 24, 2007.
188 Senate Lobbying Records. 189. Author interview, February 2008.
190 Donald Bartlett and James Steele, “Washington’s $8 Billion Shadow,” Vanity Fair, March 2007.
191 Naomi Klein, “Outsourcing Government,” Los Angeles Times, October 20, 2007.
192 Author interview, July 2007.
193 Jeremy Scahill, “All Cowboys Out Now,” The Nation, November 26, 2007.
194 Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Majority Staff Report, “Additional Information About Blackwater USA,” October 1, 2007.
195 Jennifer Parker, “Iraq Disputes Blackwater’s Account of Baghdad Killings,” ABC News, September 19, 2007.
196 T. Christian Miller, “Private Contractors Outnumber US Troops in Iraq,” Los Angeles Times, July 4, 2007.
197 Ibid. and Jeremy Scahill, “A Very Private War,” The Guardian, August 1, 2007.
198 Thom Shanker and Steven Lee Myers, “U.S. Asking Iraq for Wider Rights in Fighting War,” New York Times, January 25, 2008.
199 White House Press Release, “President Bush Signs H.R. 4986, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 into Law,” January 28, 2008.
200 Jeremy Scahill, “All Cowboys Out Now,” The Nation, November 26, 2007.
201 Transcript, interview with Erik Prince, The Charlie Rose Show, PBS, October 15, 2007.
202 Author interview, October 2007.
203 Interview in Private Armies, Journeyman Pictures.
CHAPTER 1 1 Transcript, “Remarks as Delivered by Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld,” The Pentagon, September 10, 2001.
2 Donald H. Rumsfeld, “Transforming the Military,” Foreign Affairs, May/June, 2002.
3 Erik Prince on The O’Reilly Factor, September 27, 2001.
4 Both Cheney and Rumsfeld were original signers of PNAC’s “Statement of Principles,” www.newamericancentury.org/statementofprinciples.htm, June 3, 1997.
5 Rebuilding America’s Defenses: Strategy, Forces and Resources for a New Century, The Project for the New American Century, September 2000.
6 Ibid.
7 Renae Merle, “Census Counts 100,000 Contractors in Iraq,” Washington Post, December 5, 2006.
8 Quadrennial Defense Review Report, Department of Defense, February 6, 2006.
9 Erik Prince speaking at West 2006 conference, January 11, 2006.
10 John Helyar, “Fortunes of War,” Fortune, July 26, 2004, as posted at http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/07/26/377180/index.htm.
11 James Hider, “Soldiers of Fortune Rush to Cash in on Unrest in Baghdad,” The Times of London, March 31, 2004.
12 Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 17, signed by L. Paul Bremer, June 27, 2004.
13 Transcript, “Hearing of the National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations Subcommittee of the House Government Reform Committee,” June 13, 2006.
14 Blackwater appellate brief, filed October 31, 2005.
15 Erik Prince speaking at West 2006 conference, January 11, 2006.
16 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007.
17 Report to Congressional Committees, “Military Operations: High-Level DOD Action Needed to Address Long-standing Problems with Management and Oversight of Contractors Supporting Deployed Forces,” Government Accountability Office, December 2006.
18 Transcript, Face the Nation, CBS, December 17, 2006.
19 Nathan Hodge, “Washington Urged to Save Money by Raising Private Military ‘Contractor Brigade,’ “ Financial Times, February 10, 2005.
20 Author copy of Prince Group memo from Erik Prince dated September 16, 2005.
21 Author copy, Central Contractor registration documents for Greystone Limited.
22 Jonathan Franklin, “US Contractor Recruits Guards for Iraq in Chile,” Guardian (London), March 5, 2004.
23 E-mail to author, January 2007.
24 Author copy of contracts and government pay records.
25 Joanne Kimberlin and Bill Sizemore, “Blackwater: On American Soil,” Virginian-Pilot, July 27, 2006.
26 Ibid.
27 See Chapter 1.
28 Joseph E. Schmitz official biography, Department of Defense, February 10, 2005.
> 29 As stated on the website of the Order of Malta Federal Association, USA, www.smom.org/worldwide-history.php, captured December 4, 2006.
30 Ibid.
CHAPTER 2 1 “The Early History of Holland,” www.holland.org/index.pl?paID=6, accessed November 14, 2006.
2 “Albertus Christiaan Van Raalte Papers,” hope.edu/jointarchives/collections/registers/wts/vanraalt.html, accessed November 14, 2006.
3 Ibid.
4 “The Early History of Holland,” www.holland.org/index.pl?paID=6, accessed November 14, 2006.
5 Peter Prince obituary, Holland area newspaper, May 21, 1943.
6 Michael Lozon, Vision on Main Street: Downtown Holland’s Resurgence as the Heart of the Community , Lumir Corporation, 1994, p. 59.
7 Peter Prince obituary.
8 Michael Lozon, Vision on Main Street: Downtown Holland’s Resurgence as the Heart of the Community , Lumir Corporation, 1994, p. 59.
9 Jim Timmerman, “Holland’s Home-Grown Prince Corp. Has Big Role in Community,” Holland Sentinel, July 19, 1996.
10 “Prince Manufacturing Co. Builds Diecast Machines,” Holland Sentinel, June 5, 1969.
11 Ibid.
12 “Prince Corp. Constantly Expanding,” Holland Sentinel, May 16, 1973.
13 Caroline Vernia, “Prince’s Jewel: Production of Illuminated Visors,” Holland Sentinel, January 26, 1980.
14 Letter from Family Research Council president Gary Bauer, April 13, 1995.
15 Ibid.
16 Caroline Vernia, “Prince’s Jewel: Production of Illuminated Visors,” Holland Sentinel, January 26, 1980.
17 Ibid.
18 “Blackwater’s Founder on the Record,” Virginian-Pilot, July 24, 2006.
19 Ibid.
20 Prince Corporation brochure, undated.
21 Katherine Sanderson, “Prince Expanding, Building New Office,” Holland and Golden Sentinel, January 29, 1983.
22 Diane Carmony, “Prince Corp. Plans Functional, Aesthetically Pleasing Facilities,” Grand Rapids Press, August 31, 1987.
23 Ibid.
24 “Edgar Prince: Spirit of Giving Defined a Giant,” Grand Rapids Press, March 3, 1995.
25 Katherine Sanderson, “Prince Expanding, Building New Office,” Holland and Gold Sentinel, January 23, 1983.
26 Robert Young Pelton, Licensed to Kill: Hired Guns in the War on Terror, Crown, New York, 2006, p. 3.
27 Letter from Family Research Council president Gary Bauer, April 13, 1995.
28 “Orlando Magic, NBA Team Valuations,” Forbes, www.forbes.com/lists/2005/32/324583.html, accessed November 30, 2006.
29 Rachel Burstein and Kerry Lauerman, “She Did It Amway,” Mother Jones, September/ October 1996.
30 Ibid.
31 Ibid.
32 Ibid.
33 Ibid.
34 Author copy of Holland, Michigan, Polk directories.
35 Letter from Family Research Council president Gary Bauer, April 13, 1995.
36 Ibid.
37 Rachel Burstein and Kerry Lauerman, “She Did It Amway,” Mother Jones, September/October 1996.
38 Ibid.
39 June Kronholz, “Big Test: In Michigan, Vouchers Get Money and Savvy and a Broad Coalition—Amway Chief and Wife Give Program Higher Profile, Better Shot at Success,” Wall Street Journal, October 25, 2000; “Biographical Information About Betsy DeVos,” Associated Press, October 21, 2006.
40 Ward Harkavy, “The Bush-Cheney Gazillions Tour,” The Village Voice, October 22, 2003.
41 Gordon Trowbridge, Charlie Cain, and Mark Hornbeck, “Granholm Wins Second Term,” Detroit News, November 8, 2006.
42 Ted Roelofs, “(Mostly) Conservative to the Core; Dutch Values Made Us This Way, But a Large Group Has Never Fit the Mold,” Grand Rapids Press, October 31, 2004.
43 Russ Bellant, The Religious Right in Michigan Politics, Americans for Religious Liberty, Silver Spring, Maryland, 1996, pp. 52-55, 63.
44 Ibid., p. 61.
45 Ibid., p. 33.
46 Ibid., p. 32.
47 Ibid., pp. 34-35.
48 Ibid., p. 35.
49 “Elsa Prince, DeVos Give Calvin College $10 Million Each,” Holland Sentinel, July 27, 1998; author copy of Edgar and Elsa Prince Foundation records.
50 Michael Lozon, Vision on Main Street: Downtown Holland’s Resurgence as the Heart of the Community , Lumir Corporation, 1994, pp. 101-115, 136-140.
51 Ibid., pp. 102-103.
52 Ibid., pp. 86-87.
53 Ibid.
54 Letter from Family Research Council president Gary Bauer, April 13, 1995.
55 Ibid.
56 “Major Auto Suppliers in West Michigan,” Grand Rapids Business Journal, May 26, 1992.
57 “The Prince Legacy,” Grand Rapids Press, March 3, 1995.
58 Michael Lozon, Vision on Main Street, p. 101; “Edgar Prince: Spirit of Giving Defined a Giant,” Grand Rapids Press, March 3, 1995.
59 “Edgar Prince: Spirit of Giving Defined a Giant,” Grand Rapids Press, March 3, 1995; Jim Harger, “Prince Corp. Will Continue to Prosper,” Grand Rapids Press, March 4, 1995.
60 Jim Harger, “Prince Corp. Will Continue to Prosper,” Grand Rapids Press, March 4, 1995.
61 “Edgar Prince: Spirit of Giving Defined a Giant,” Grand Rapids Press, March 3, 1995.
62 Ibid.
63 Jim Harger, “Prince Corp. Will Continue to Prosper,” Grand Rapids Press, March 4, 1995.
64 Ibid.
65 John Agar and John Burdick, “Eulogies Focus on Religious Side of Prince,” Holland Sentinel, March 6, 1995; Letter from Family Research Council president Gary Bauer, April 13, 1995.
66 John Agar and John Burdick, “Eulogies Focus on Religious Side of Prince,” Holland Sentinel, March 6, 1995.
67 “A Christian Man; Holland Philanthropist, Industrialist Edgar D. Prince Leaves Many Hometown Legacies,” Grand Rapids Press (Lakeshore supplement), March 3, 1995.
68 John Burdick, “Bil Mar Cofounder, Downtown Supporter Honored,” Holland Sentinel, October 19, 2002.
69 “Blackwater’s Founder on the Record,” Virginian-Pilot, July 24, 2006.
70 John Agar, “Family Says He Always Put Them First,” Holland Sentinel, March 3, 1995.
71 John Agar and John Burdick, “Eulogies Focus on Religious Side of Prince,” Holland Sentinel, March 6, 1995.
72 John Agar, “Family Says He Always Put Them First,” Holland Sentinel, March 3, 1995.
73 Ibid.
74 Letter from Family Research Council president Gary Bauer, April 13, 1995.
75 Joseph Neff and Jay Price, “A Business Gets a Start,” News & Observer (Raleigh, North Carolina), July 29, 2004.
76 Ibid.
77 Author copy of Federal Election Commission records.
78 Ibid.
79 Erik Prince’s official Prince Manufacturing biography.
80 Ted Roelofs, “Neither Party Well Off Here as Primary Nears,” Grand Rapids Press, February 23, 1992.
81 Ibid.
82 Author copy of Erik Prince’s military records; Interviews 2006.
83 Interviews 2006.
84 Michael Lozon, “New Era Begins at Prince,” Holland Sentinel, October 2, 1996.
85 Ibid.
86 Ibid.
87 Richard Harrold, “City Officials Talked With Governor About Job Loss,” Holland Sentinel, March 31, 2004.
88 Mark Sanchez, “A Prince, by Any Other Name,” Holland Sentinel, October 16, 1998; Patrick Revere, “Analysts: Area Hit Hardest by JCI,” Holland Sentinel, June 2, 2006.
89 Ted Roelofs, “(Mostly) Conservative to the Core; Dutch Values Made Us This Way, But a Large Group Has Never Fit the Mold,” Grand Rapids Press, October 31, 2004.
90 John Burdick, “Bil Mar Cofounder, Downtown Supporter Honored,” Holland Sentinel, October 19, 2002; Russ Bellant, The Religious Right in Michigan Politics, p. 13.
91 John Burdick, “Bil Mar Cofounder, Downtown Supporter Honored,” Holland Sentinel, October 19, 2002.
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