Stone, John Hurford (1763–1818), political refugee: 599 n. a
Stopford, Hon. Edward (1732–94), Major-General: 462
Stow, Richard, of Aspley Guise: 94 n. b
Stowell, Baron, see Scott, Dr
Strahan, Andrew (1750–1831), printer; son of William Strahan; MP (1796–1820); inherited his father’s business: 970
Strahan, Margaret Penelope (1719–85), wife of William Strahan; sister of James Elphinston: 118, 819, 842
Strahan, Revd George (1744–1824), Church of England clergyman; son of William Strahan; fellow of University College, Oxford (1768); vicar of St Mary’s, Islington, London (1772); spiritual counsellor to S.J., who entrusted him with the papers that became Prayers and Meditations (1785): 17, 129, 130, 283 n. a, 789, 913, 973, 989 n. a, 997, 998 n. a
Strahan, William (1715–85), printer; manager of the King’s printing house (1770); expanded enterprises to holding copyright shares in over 400 books and running one of the largest printing firms in London; close friend of Hume, Benjamin Franklin and S.J.; master of the Stationers’ Company (by 1774); member of the Essex Head Club (until 1784): 133, 157, 182, 192, 282 n. a, 332–3, 380, 412, 416, 428–9, 434, 435, 495, 570, 571, 580, 643, 646, 663, 678, 702, 720, 721, 739, 740, 755, 759, 941, 970
Strahan Jr, William (d. 1781), eldest son of William Strahan, and London printer: 818
Stratico, Simone (1733–1824), professor of medicine, mathematics, etc., at Padua: 198
Strickland, Mrs (Cecilia Townley) (1741–1814), friend of Mrs Thrale: 584 n. d
Stuart, Andrew (d. 1801), lawyer and politician; member of the Select Society and the Poker Club; fought a bloodless duel with Lord Thurlow; King’s remembrancer (1771–86); keeper of the signet (1777-9); member of Dundas’s ‘Scotch ministry’; on the Board of Trade (from 1779): 382
Stuart, Hon. and Revd William (1755–1822), Archbishop of Armagh: 873
Stuart, Lieutenant Colonel, Hon. James Archibald (later Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie) (1747–1818), 2nd son of 3rd Earl of Bute: 738, 745, 746, 748
Stuart, Revd James (1700–89), minister of Killin: 278 n. a
Suckling, Sir John (1609–42), poet; gallant and gamester; monarchist; author of the tragedy Aglaura (1637); gentleman of the Privy Chamber in Extraordinary (1638); wit and courtier to Charles I: 695 n. b
Suetonius, Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (c. ad 70– c. 160); historian and antiquarian; biographer of the Roman emperors from Julius Caesar to Domitian: 1027 n. 139, 1029 n. 189
Sully, Maximilien de Bethune, Duke of (1560–1641): 14, 167
Sunderland, Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of (1674–1722), Whig politician; Secretary for the South (1706–10); leader of the Whigs in opposition; Privy Councillor (1714); appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714) but avoided the exile when he took up the new vacancy as Lord Privy Seal (1715); Secretary for the North (1717); switched back to Secretary for the South (1718) and assumed the post of Lord President of the Council; had joint control of the ministry with Stanhope (1718–21); endured a battle for power with Walpole during his final years; a devious, pragmatic and subtle politician: 93
Swan, Dr John (fl. 1742), MD: 11, 88
Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745), writer and dean of St Patrick’s Cathedral, Dublin (1713); secretary and amanuensis to Sir William Temple; author of A Tale of a Tub (1696) and Gulliver’s Travels (1726); editor of the Tory weekly The Examiner (1710–11) and, at that time, the leading Tory propagandist; member of the Scriblerus Club and close associate of Pope, Gay, Arbuthnot and Parnell; exiled to Ireland with the accession of George I and the dominance of Walpole and the Whigs; the finest satirist in English literature: 77, 83, 115, 206, 229, 238, 295, 305, 330, 361, 388, 433 and n. b, 434, 658, 692, 797–8, 862, 921, 1029 n. 198, 1032 n. 256, 1035 n. 327, 1067 n. 1160
Swinfen, or Swynfen, Dr Samuel (c. 1679–1736), physician; lecturer in grammar at Oxford University; godfather to S.J.; grandson of John Swynfen, politician: 41, 48, 49, 644 n. a
Swinfen, or Swynfen, Richard (d. 1726), MP for Tamworth and Dr Swinfen’s elder brother: 48
Swinny, Owen Mac (d. 1754), playwright: 556–7
Swinton, Revd John (1703–77), historian and antiquary: 148
Sydenham, Dr Thomas (1624–89), physician; licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians (1663); author of Methodus curandi febres (1666), revised and greatly expanded as Observationes medicae (1676), the book that made him famous; knighted (1678) after curing Charles II of a bout of illness; close associate of Locke; stressed the importance of keen clinical observation and the development of new, successful methods of treatment: 11, 26, 84, 88
Sydney, Algernon, see Sidney, Algernon
Sydney, Lord, see Townshend, Thomas, 1st Viscount Sydney
Sylvanus, Georgius, Homeric scholar: 743
‘Sylvanus Urban’, pseudonym of Edward Cave: 66
Taaf (fl. 1775): 476
Tacitus, Publius Cornelius (c. ad 55– c. 117), Roman soldier, statesman and historian of great insight and prose stylist of lapidary power: 360
Talbot, Catherine (1721–70), author and scholar; edited Richardson’s Sir Charles Grandison; contributor to The Rambler; most of her substantial works published posthumously –Reflections on the Seven Days of the Week (1770) and Essays on Various Subjects (1772); rational moralist with a particular interest in female instruction: 113
Tasker, Revd William (1740–1800), poet and antiquary; translated Pindar and Horace’s Carmen Seculare (1779–80); met with S.J. in 1779; friend of William Hunter; very moderate success as a writer included the tragedy Arviragus (1796), performed twice at the Exeter Theatre: 725
Tasso, Torquato (1544–95), Italian epic poet whose works exerted a powerful influence on English poetry of the seventeenth century: 702
Taylor, Dr Jeremy (1613–67), Church of Ireland bishop of Down and Connor and religious writer (1660); royalist; Arminian in theology; denied the doctrine of original sin; proponent of religious toleration and a founding father of English casuistry; author of The Liberty of Prophesying (1647) and Ductor dubitantium, or, The Rule of Conscience (1660): 926–7
Taylor, Dr John (1704–66), classical scholar and Church of England clergyman; librarian (1732) then registrar (1734–51) of Cambridge University; published an edition of Demosthenes contra Leptinem (1741); chancellor of the diocese of Lincoln (1744–66); archdeacon of Buckingham (1753); author of Elements of the Civil Law (1755): 695
Taylor, Dr John (1711–88), friend of S.J.; chaplain to the Duke of Devonshire, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1737–45); prebend at Westminster (1746–88); mediated between S.J. and Garrick in the quarrel over Irene (1749); read the service at S.J.’s funeral: 17, 29, 38, 40, 46, 49, 96, 97 and n. a, 105, 110, 131, 132, 493, 512, 515, 518, 519, 544, 577, 590, 592, 595, 596, 597, 603, 604, 605, 606 and n. b, 607, 609, 611, 614, 618, 621, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 631, 635, 644, 652, 653, 888, 889, 912, 973, 974 and n. a, 989 n. a, 999
Taylor, John (1703–72), itinerant occultist; published his journeys and associations in the History of the Travels and Adventures of the Chevalier John Taylor (1761-2); one of the principal medical entrepreneurs of the day; treated Handel (1758); subject of many satires due to the charlatan nature of his self promotion: 733
Taylor, John (1711–75), button manufacturer; co-founder of Birmingham’s first bank (1765), growing to become Lloyds Bank in 1852; a ‘valuable acquaintance’ to S.J.; pioneered several lucrative and ingenious methods in button-manufacturing: 51
Taylor, Mrs (Mary Tuckfield), second wife of the above: 131
Taylor, John (1732–1806), amateur landscape-painter of Bath: 752
Temple, Revd William Johnson (1739–96), Church of England clergyman and essayist; Whig; lifelong friend of Boswell; acquaintance and admirer of Gray; account of Gray appropriated by the biographies of Mason and S.J.; vicar of St Gluvias near Penryn in Cornwall (1776); author of Moral and Historical Memoirs (1779); famed only through association: 231, 266, 393, 432, 460, 850 n. b
Temple, Sir William
(1628–99), diplomat and author; special ambassador to the Netherlands (1667-8), returning as resident ambassador (1668–70); partly responsible for arranging the marriage between William of Orange and Mary; Master of the Rolls in Ireland (1677); MP for Cambridge University (1679); reputation has been secured by the admiration of Swift and S.J., the former publishing many of his letters and miscellanea and making him the hero of The Battle of the Books: 122, 173, 385, 489, 663, 702, 975, 1070 n. 1248
Terence, Publius Terentius Afer (c. 195–159 bc), Roman comic playwright: 59, 772
‘Tetty’, or ‘Tetsey’, S.J.’s affectionate contraction of his wife’s name: 58
Themiseul de Saint-Hyacinthe (1684–1746); French author of the Histoire du Prince Titi: 471
Theobald, Lewis (1688–1744), literary editor and writer; attacked Pope’s editing abilities with Shakespeare Restored (1726) before publishing his own Shakespeare (1733); ridiculed thoroughly in The Dunciad; reputation recovered by the success of his own editorship; denigrated in S.J.’s preface to his own Shakespeare (1765): 177
Theocritus (fl. c. 270 BC), ancient Greek pastoral poet: 45, 59, 764
Thicknesse, Philip (1719–92), travel writer; author of A Year’s Journey through France, and Part of Spain (2 vols., 1777) and The Valetudinarian’s Bath Guide (1780); contributor to the Gentleman’s Magazine; engaged in a feud with Smollett and irascible nature led to many quarrels, most publicly with his sons: 651
Thirlby, Dr Styan (c. 1692–1753), textual critic and theologian; fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge (1712); published a folio edition of St Justin Martyr’s Apologiae duae et dialogus cum Tryphone Judaeo cum notis et emendationibus (1722); projected edition of Shakespeare unpublished but marginalia consulted by Theobold and S.J. for their editions: 854
Thomas, Nathaniel (1731–95), editor and proprietor of The St. James’s Chronicle: 569 n. a
Thomson, Elizabeth (d. c. 1746), sister of the poet and wife of the Revd Robert Bell: 718
Thomson, James (1700–48), poet; author of the cycle of poems The Seasons (1730) and the long blank verse poem Liberty (1735-6); achieved success as an opposition dramatist with Agamemnon (Drury Lane, 1738) before falling foul of the Licensing Act and shifting towards the melodramatic and sentimental with Tancred and Sigismunda (Drury Lane, 1745); Surveyor-General of Customs for the Leeward Islands (1746): 57, 192, 238, 294, 458, 538, 578, 583, 584, 594, 718, 790 n. b, 883 n. a, 1022 n. 45, 1041 n. 489
Thomson, Mary, youngest sister of Thomson the poet and wife of William Craig: 718
Thomson, Mrs (d. 1781), wife of Robert Thomson: 718
Thomson, Revd James (1699–1790), minister of Dumfermline: 548, 551–2
Thomson, Robert, master of the Grammar School, Lanark; brother-in-law of the poet: 295, 583, 718
Thornton, Bonnell (1724–68), writer; governor of St Luke’s Hospital for Lunatics (1751); co-founder and co-writer of The Connoisseur (1754-6); co-founder of and substantial contributor to the St James’s Chronicle (1761), along with Garrick, Colman and others; translated Plautus (2 vols., 1767): 117, 122 n. a, 210, 222
Thou, J. A. de, see Thuanus, Jacques Auguste de
Thrale, Henrietta Sophia (1778–83), Thrale’s twelfth child: 720
Thrale, Henry (1728/9-81), brewer and politician; husband of Hester Thrale (later Piozzi); MP for Southwark (1765–80); friend of S.J. from 1764; S.J. an executor on his death, occasionally helping with the trade of the brewery while Thrale was still alive: 16, 257–60, 276, 297, 301, 332, 339 n. a, 372, 380, 383, 384, 392, 402, 412, 414, 415 and n. a, 429, 437, 443, 448, 466–7, 474, 478, 480, 481, 490, 493, 515–16, 522, 528, 530–31, 533, 541–2, 546, 565, 567, 571, 577–8, 585–6, 589, 591, 593, 644, 645, 654–5, 657, 701, 710, 720, 725, 735, 738, 749, 751, 752 and n. c, 753, 758–9, 762–3, 804, 809, 811, 813, 818, 845, 853, 864, 902, 906, 916, 937, 950, 951–3, 955
Thrale, Henry Salusbury (1767–76), elder son of the above: 521
Thrale, Hester Lynch (afterwards Mrs Piozzi) (1741–1821), friend of S.J., writer; worked with S.J. on the translation of Boethius; amanuensis for The Lives of the English Poets; accused of shortening S.J.’s life by her marriage to Gabriel Mario Piozzi; author of Anecdotes of the Late Samuel Johnson (1786), a tremendous success; innovative writer admired by S.J. and willing to experiment with genre: 17 and n. a, 102, 259–60, 276, 285 n. a, 297, 301–2, 335, 337, 339 n. a, 370, 372, 381, 401, 403 n. a, 406, 411, 414, 415 and n. a, 424, 426, 437–8, 440 n. b, 448, 463, 465, 466–7, 474, 481, 493–4, 515–16, 519, 522, 528, 533–4, 536, 541–2, 543, 567, 570, 578, 585, 589, 591, 593, 594 n. a, 623, 636, 637, 639, 646–7, 658, 677 n. a, 694, 699, 705, 710–14, 720, 722, 725, 735, 738, 741, 751, 752, 754, 757, 761 n. a, 783, 795 and n. a, 804, 806, 809–10, 814, 828, 837, 843, 846, 853, 855, 856, 857, 858, 874, 888 and n. a, 896, 897, 898, 916, 936 n. a, 937 and n. a, 939, 946, 950 and n. a, 951–3, 954 and n. a, 972, 979 n. a, 981, 985 n. b, 986 n. a, 995
Thrale, Hester Maria (Viscountess Keith) (1764–1857), Thrale’s eldest child; protegee of S.J.; called ‘Queeney’ by S.J.; educated by S.J.; prominent in London and Edinburgh society after her marriage to Viscount Keith: 467 n. a, 481, 522
Thrale, Sophia (Mrs Hoare) (1771–1824), Thrale’s seventh child: 897
Thrale, Susanna Arabella (1770–1858), Thrale’s sixth child: 897
Thuanus, or Thou, Jacques Auguste de (1553–1617), French statesman, bibliophile and historiographer whose detached, impartial approach to the events of his own period made him a pioneer in the scientific approach to history: 22, 116 n. a, 994–5
Thucydides (c. 400–c. 460 bc), historian of the Peloponnesian War: 702
Thurlow, Edward Thurlow,1st Baron (1731–1806), Lord Chancellor (1778–92); Solicitor-General (1770); Attorney General (1771); Privy Councillor (1778); teller of the Exchequer (1786); presided over the opening years of the Hastings impeachment; personally kind to the ageing S.J. in 1784; exploited his role as an outsider, acting as the King’s man rather than according to party; eventually ousted by wrangles with Pitt, who insisted on his removal from office: 107, 446, 530, 552 and n. a, 762–3, 863, 935, 944 and n. a, 948
Thurot, Franc¸ois (1727–60), French naval officer: 819
Tibullus, Albius (c.60–19 bc), Roman elegiac poet; friend of Horace: 506, 1071 n. 1278
Tickell, Richard (1751–93), playwright and satirist; member of Brooks’s Club (1785); employed, via his brother-in-law R. B. Sheridan, as a propagandist for Charles James Fox; committed suicide after financial difficulties; limited success as a dramatist included Anticipation (1778) and The Wreath of Fashion(1778): 695 n. a
Tickell, Thomas (1686–1740), poet and government official; member of Addison’s Whig circle; rival to Pope in translations of The Iliad and The Odyssey; under-secretary to Addison as secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714) then Secretary of State for the Southern Department (1717); author of the ballad Lucy and Colin (1725) and the anti-Jacobite epistle From a Lady in England to a Gentleman at Avignon (1717); admired variously by S.J., Goldsmith and Gray: 316, 794
Tillotson, Dr John (1630–94), Archbishop of Canterbury (1691–4); preacher to the Society of Lincoln’s Inn (1663); prebendary at Canterbury (1670–72); dean of Canterbury (1672–89); fellow of the Royal Society (1672); dean of St Paul’s (1689); author of The Rule of Faith (1666); outspoken critic variously of atheism, Catholicism, Socinianism and Unitarianism; presided over a divided Church at a crucial juncture in the history of British faith: 657
Toland, John (1670–1722), freethinker and philosopher; author of Christianity not Mysterious (1695), denying that any tenets of Christianity could be contrary to or above human reason, and Anglia libera (1701), justifying the Protestant succession; propagandist for Harley; fusion of republican and classical ideals helped found a Whig intellectual tradition that influenced Robespierre, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson: 20
Tonson, Jacob (1656?–1736), bookseller; exclusive publisher of Dryden; first to publish a work by Pope, in one of his highly successful
anthologies or miscellanies; bought the rights to Paradise Lost and in large part secured Milton’s reputation with his 1688 edition; a founding member of the Kit-Cat Club: 542
Tonson, Jacob (d. 1767), publisher, great-nephew of the above: 143 n. b,
Tooke, John Horne (at first Revd John Horne) (1736–1812), radical and philologist; supporter of Wilkes and later the American revolutionaries; burgess of Brentford (1769); author of The Diversions of Purley (1786), an attempt to democratize language; organized the distribution of Thomas Paine’s The Rights of Man; central figure in the eighteenth-century reform movement and a man who greatly divided public opinion: 715 and n. a
Topham, Edward (1751–1820), journalist and playwright; acquaintance of Wilkes, Pitt, Colman and Sheridan; founder of the daily newspaper the World and Fashionable Advertiser (1787); author of the farces The Fool (1785), Small Talk, or, The Westminster Boy (1786) and Bonds without Judgement (1787); member of the exclusive Lion Club; man of fashion and womanizer: 526 n. b
Toplady, Revd Augustus Montague (1740–78), Church of England clergyman and hymn writer; Calvinist preacher; vicar of Broad Hembury, Devon (1768–78); author of The Doctrine of Absolute Predestination Stated and Asserted (1769); engaged in a protracted controversy with John Wesley regarding predestination; wrote the hymn ‘Rock of Ages’: 393, 396–7
Topsell, Revd Edward (d. 1638?), Church of England clergyman and author; author of The Historie of Foure-Footed Beastes (1607) and The Historie of Serpents (1608); early but unoriginal contributor to natural history: 81
Torre, ‘Signor’ (fl. 1772–4), print-seller and pyrotechnist: 942
Towers, Dr Joseph (1737–99), Dissenting minister and miscellaneous writer: 432, 785
Townley, Charles (1737–1805), collector of antiquities; fellow of the Society of Antiquaries (1786); fellow of the Royal Society (1791); trustee of the British Museum (1791); collection became one of the sights of London, containing the finest Roman collection outside of Italy: 584 n. d
The Life of Samuel Johnson Page 177
