CHAPTER XXVI
1. R2-1-12, letter to mother, September 4, 1928, Paris.
2. Ibid.
3. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 67.
4. Ibid., pp. 66–67.
5. Petit, Le Corbusier parle, p. 95.
6. Jean-Louis Cohen, Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR: Theories and Projects for Moscow, 1928–1936 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), p. 37. I am grateful to Cohen’s excellent book for much of the information concerning Le Corbusier and the Soviet Union.
7. Ibid., p. 29.
8. R2-1-18, postcard to Marie C. A. Jeanneret, October 13, 1928, Moscow.
9. Cohen, Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR, p. 42.
10. Mogues, “La ville future, la conférence fait par l’architecte Le Corbusier au Musée Polytechnique sur l’architecture et l’urbanisme,” Moscow, October 26, 1928. This document consists of handwritten notes made by Mogues about the lecture Le Corbusier gave in Moscow; cited ibid.
11. Cohen, Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR, p. 44.
12. Ibid., p. 48.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid., p. 54.
15. R1-7-56, letter from mother, October 10, 1928, Vevey.
16. Ibid.
17. R2-1-19, letter to mother, October 16, 1928, Moscow.
18. R1-7-60, letter from mother, October 20, 1928, Vevey.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. El Lissitzky, “Idoli I idolopokonniki,” Stroitelnaia Promyshlennost 7, nos. 11–12, 1929, in Cohen, Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR, p. 108.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid., p. 109.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid., p. 112.
26. Ibid., p. 115.
27. Ibid., pp. 116–17.
CHAPTER XXVII
1. R2-1-23, letter to mother, November 11, 1928, Paris.
2. Ibid.
3. R3-19-417 to 420, letter to Ritter, December 16, 1928, Prague.
CHAPTER XXVIII
1. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 1, p. 186.
2. Ibid., vol. 1, p. 187.
3. R1-7-62, letter from Marie Jeanneret to Albert Jeanneret, February 11, 1929, Vevey.
4. Ibid.
5. R2-1-37, letter to mother, April 10, 1929, Paris.
6. R1-7-62, letter from Marie Jeanneret to Albert Jeanneret, February 11, 1929, Vevey.
7. R2-1-39, letter to mother, May 22, 1929, Bordeaux. Here “D.D.” stands for dodo, the French word for “nap.”
8. R1-12-30, letter to Yvonne, n.d., n.p. (written on trip to give lecture in Zurich and Stuttgart).
9. R1-12-32, letter to Yvonne, June 3, 1929, Moscow.
10. R2-1-43, letter to mother, June 20, 1929, Paris.
11. Ibid.
12. R1-7-66, letter from mother to Le Corbusier and Yvonne, June 20, 1929, Vevey.
13. R1-7-193, letter from Yvonne Gallis to Marie Jeanneret, July 3, 1929, Paris.
14. R2-1-48, letter to mother, August 10, 1929, Paris.
15. Ibid.
16. R2-1-49, letter to mother, August 22, 1929, Paris.
17. R2-1-51, letter to mother, September 12, 1929, Paris.
18. R1-7-194, letter from Yvonne Gallis to Marie Jeanneret, September 3, 1929, Paris.
CHAPTER XXIX
1. R2-1-51, letter from Le Corbusier and Yvonne to mother, September 12, 1929, Paris.
2. R1-12-35, postcard to Yvonne, September 14, 1929, Bordeaux.
3. Ibid.
4. R2-1-54, letter to mother, September 15, 1929, aboard the Massilia.
5. R2-1-55, letter to mother, September 25, 1929, aboard the Massilia.
6. R2-1-58, letter to mother, October 9, 1929, Majestic Hotel, Buenos Aires.
7. Ibid.
8. R2-1-60, letter to mother, October 27, 1929, Majestic Hotel, Buenos Aires.
9. R2-1-63, letter to mother, October 29, 1929, Majestic Hotel, Buenos Aires.
10. Ibid.
11. R2-1-52, letter to mother, November 14, 1929, written aboard the Giulio Cesare. (Garrono is also discussed in R2-1-63, letter to mother, October 29, 1929, Majestic Hotel, Buenos Aires.)
12. R2-1-63, letter to mother, October 29, 1929, Majestic Hotel, Buenos Aires.
13. R2-1-66 to 68, letter to mother, November 2–4, 1929, Buenos Aires.
14. R1-7-68, letter from mother, October 15, 1929, Vevey.
15. Ibid.
16. Alistair Horne, Seven Ages of Paris (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002), p. 334.
17. Ibid., p. 335.
18. All of the Baker biographies say that Baker and Le Corbusier first met on board the Lutétia when they were sailing from Rio to France on a crossing that began on December 9. In fact, they met more than a month earlier. Le Corbusier first wrote his mother about Baker on November 2.
19. R2-1-66 to 68, letter to mother, November 2–4, 1929, Buenos Aires.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. R2-1-52 to 53, letter to mother, November 14, 1929, aboard the Giulio Cesare. N.b. This letter is incorrectly dated in the transcript of the Fondation Le Corbusier, where the date is given as September 14.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 1, p. 32.
30. R2-1-52 to 53, letter to mother, November 14, 1929, aboard the Giulio Cesare.
31. R2-1-69 to 70, letter to mother, November 22, 1929, São Paulo.
32. Ibid.
33. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 68.
34. Ibid.
35. Joséphine Baker and Jo Bouillon, Joséphine (Paris: Editions Robert Laffont, 1976), p. 109.
36. Interview with Jean-Claude Baker, March 12, 2003.
37. R1-7-198, Yvonne Gallis to Mme. Jeanneret, November 29, 1929, Paris.
38. R1-7-200, Yvonne Gallis to Mme. Jeanneret, December 10, 1929, Paris.
39. Perriand, Une vie de création, p. 38.
CHAPTER XXX
1. John Richardson, Sacred Monsters, Sacred Masters (New York: Random House, 2001), p. 5. I am grateful to Richardson for additional information on the Errázurizes.
2. Ibid., pp. 5, 4.
3. Ibid., p. 11.
4. Ibid.
5. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 2: 1929–1934 (Zurich: Les Editions d’Architecture, 1977), p. 52.
6. E. B. White, “Dusk in Fierce Pajamas,” The New Yorker, January 27, 1934.
7. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 2, p. 52.
8. Le Corbusier, Précisions sur un état présent de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme (Paris: Crès, 1930).
9. R2-1-80, letter to mother, March 1930, Moscow.
10. R2-1-81, letter to mother, April 25, 1930, Paris.
11. R2-1-79, letter to mother, March 30, 1930, Paris.
12. R2-1-83, letter to mother, May 15, 1930, Paris.
13. Ibid.
14. R2-1-86, letter to mother, July 18, 1930, Paris.
15. R2-1-92 to 93, letter to mother, September 28, 1930, Paris.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid.
19. R2-1-97, letter to mother, October 12, 1930, Paris.
20. Ibid.
21. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 2, p. 161.
22. Le Corbusier to M. Titulescu, September 18, 1930, in Schweizerische Bauzeitung 23, December 6, 1930.
23. R2-1-97, letter to mother, October 12, 1930, Paris.
24. R2-1-99, letter to mother, October 29, 1930, Paris.
25. R2-1-97, letter to mother, October 12, 1930, Paris.
26. Ibid.
27. R2-1-100, letter to mother, November 9, 1930, Paris.
28. Ibid.
CHAPTER XXXI
1. Alice Goldfarb Marquis, Alfred H. Barr, Jr.: Missionary for the Modern (Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1989), p. 107.
2. Petit,
Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 74.
3. Cohen, Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR, p. 184.
4. R2-1-138, letter to mother, December 15, 1931, Paris.
5. E2-12-400, letter to Hélène de Mandrot, June 28, 1930, Paris.
6. R2-1-112 to 113, letter to mother, n.d. (ca. April 4, 1931), Toulon.
7. Ibid.
8. R2-1-117, letter to mother, April 19, 1931, Paris.
9. Interview with Lucien Hervé, May 29, 2002; my thanks to Agnès B. for setting this up.
10. Ibid.
11. R2-1-117, letter to mother, April 19, 1931, Paris.
12. R2-1-115, letter to mother, April 2, 1931, Algiers.
13. R2-1-117, letter to mother, April 19, 1931, Paris.
14. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 2, p. 73.
15. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 67.
16. R2-1-108, letter to mother, February 25, 1931, Paris.
17. Alexandre de Senger, Le Cheval de Troie du Bolchévisme (Bienne: Editions du Chandelier, 1931). This book was in Le Corbusier’s personal library.
18. Gauthier, Le Corbusier ou l’architecture au service de l’homme, p. 183.
19. Ibid., p. 187.
20. Ibid., p. 190.
21. Ibid., p. 174.
22. R2-1-140, letter to mother, March 29, 1931, Hotel St. Georges, Algiers.
23. R2-1-118, letter to mother, n.d. (ca. April 26, 1931), Paris.
24. Ibid.
25. R2-1-122, letter to mother, July 30, 1931, Paris.
26. Ibid.
27. R2-1-123, letter to mother, July 1931, Paris.
28. R2-1-130, letter to mother, August 10, 1931, between Taragonne and Valencia.
29. R2-1-128, postcard to mother, August 30, 1931, Ghardaïa.
30. R2-1-131, letter to mother, September 1, 1931, Algiers.
31. R2-1-132, letter to mother, October 7, 1931, Paris.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. R2-1-134, letter to mother, October 21, 1931, Paris.
35. R2-1-139, letter to mother, December 25, 1931, Paris.
36. Cohen, Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR, p. 188.
37. Ibid., p. 192.
38. Ibid., pp. 193–94.
39. Ibid., p. 195.
40. Ibid., p. 199.
41. Perriand, Une vie de création, p. 54.
42. Ibid.
43. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 2, p. 75.
44. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 75.
45. Petit, Le Corbusier parle, p. 83.
46. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 2, p. 144.
47. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 146.
48. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 78.
49. Ibid.
50. Sylvia Kahan, Une Muse de la musique moderne: Une Vie de Winnaretta Singer, princess de Polignac (1865–1943) (Paris: Les Presses de Réel, 2007), p. 150.
51. Ibid., p. 223.
52. Brian Brace Taylor, Le Corbusier: The City of Refuge, Paris, 1929–1933 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), p. 111.
53. Ibid., p. 107.
54. Le Corbusier, My Work (London: Architectural Press, 1960), p. 106.
55. T1-18-14, Le Corbusier to M. Jourdain, December 8, 1933, Paris.
56. T1-18-16, Le Corbusier to Anatole de Monzie, December 16, 1933, Paris.
CHAPTER XXXII
1. Mardges Bacon, Le Corbusier in America: Travels in the Land of the Timid (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2001), p. 32. Here, as throughout, for details concerning Le Corbusier in America, I am extremely grateful to Bacon’s thorough and excellent book.
2. New York Herald Tribune, October 22, 1935.
3. New York Times, October 22, 1935.
4. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, voyage au pays des timides (Paris: Plon, 1937), p. 77.
5. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, p. 40.
6. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 84.
7. Ibid.
8. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, p. 37.
9. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 49.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid., p. 50.
14. Ibid.
15. E3-10-4, Mrs. Harris to Le Corbusier, April 25, 1932, Blonay.
16. Ibid.
17. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, p. 52.
18. Ibid.
19. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 105.
20. Ibid., pp. 59–60.
21. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, p. 72.
22. Ibid.
23. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 203.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. Ibid., p. 205.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid., p. 206.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid., pp. 206–7.
34. Ibid., p. 207.
35. Ibid., p. 266.
36. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, pp. 95, 96.
37. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 155.
38. Ibid., pp. 155–56.
39. Ibid., p. 156.
40. Ibid., p. 157.
41. Ibid., p. 248.
42. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, p. 73.
43. E2-9-12, Frank Lloyd Wright to Leo Weissenborg, November 8, 1935.
44. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 223.
45. Ibid., p. 215.
46. Ibid., pp. 217–19.
47. Ibid., p. 220.
48. Ibid., p. 308.
49. Ibid., pp. 232, 233.
50. Ibid., p. 234.
51. Ibid., p. 235.
52. Ibid., pp. 235–37.
53. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 79.
54. E3-10-12, letter to Mrs. Harris, December 14, 1935, aboard the Lafayette.
55. Ibid.
56. Ibid.
57. Ibid.
58. Ibid.
59. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America, p. 56.
60. Ibid.
61. Le Corbusier, Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches, p. 309.
CHAPTER XXXIII
1. Le Corbusier and Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 3: 1934–1938 (Zurich: Les Editions d’Architecture, 1977), p. 42.
2. E3-10-15, letter to Mrs. Harris, July 31, 1936, Rio de Janeiro, Collection CCA Montréal DR 1984–1904.
3. Ibid.
4. E3-10-16, letter to Mrs. Harris, August 4, 1936, Rio de Janeiro.
5. Ibid.
6. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 82.
7. Le Corbusier, “Des canons, des munitions? Merci, des logis…SVP,” (Boulogne sur Seine: Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, 1938), p. 128.
8. Ibid.
9. R2-1-150, letter to mother, April 20, 1937, Paris.
10. Ibid.
11. Le Corbusier, “Des canons, des munitions?,” p. 129.
12. Ibid., p. 131.
13. Interview with Balthus, January 14, 1991.
14. Le Corbusier, “Des canons, des munitions?,” p. 135.
15. E3-10-26, letter to Mrs. Harris, December 8, 1937, Paris.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. E3-10-29, letter to Mrs. Harris, January 25, 1938, Paris.
19. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 84.
20. Le Corbusier, letter to Dr. Valensi, secretary of 19 Juin, June 11, 1938.
21. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 84.
22. Ibid.
23. Peter Adam, Eileen Gray, Architect/Designer (New York: HarryN. Abrams, 1987), p. 174.
24. Ibid., pp. 309–10.
25. Ibid., p. 311.
26. Ibid.
27. R2-1-264, letter to mother, September 21, 1938, Saint-Tropez.
28. Ibid.
29. E3-10-33, letter to Mrs. Harris, December 8, 1938, Paris.
; 30. R2-1-264, letter to mother, September 21, 1938, Saint-Tropez.
31. R2-1-263, letter to mother, August 23, 1938, Saint-Tropez.
32. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 84.
33. R1-7-84, letter from mother, September 11, 1938, Villa Le Lac, Vevey.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. R1-7-86, letter from Albert and mother, September 28, 1938, Vevey.
37. Ibid.
38. E3-10-34, letter to Mrs. Harris, March 21, 1939, Paris.
39. Ibid.
40. E3-10-35, letter from Mrs. Harris to Le Corbusier, March 21, 1939, Paris.
41. R2-1-185, letter to mother, March 8, 1939, Paris.
42. R2-1-152, letter to mother, March 26, 1930, Paris.
43. R2-1-153, letter to mother, June 3, 1939, London.
44. R2-1-156, letter to mother, September 3, 1939, Paris.
45. R2-1-157, letter to mother, September 9, 1939, Vézelay.
46. R2-1-158 to 159, letter to mother and brother, September 27, 1939, Vézelay.
47. Ibid.
48. Quoted in Julian Jackson, France: The Dark Years, 1940–1944 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 95.
49. R1-1-165, letter to mother, December 18, 1939, Vézelay.
50. R2-1-160, letter to mother, October 14, 1939, Vézelay.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid.
53. Ibid.
54. Quoted in Jackson, France, p. 111.
55. Ibid.
56. R2-1-165, letter to mother, December 18, 1939, Vézelay.
57. R2-1-163 to 164, letter to mother, November 20, 1939, Vézelay.
58. Ibid.
59. E3-10-37, letter to Mrs. Tjader Harris, November 22, 1939, Vézelay.
60. R2-1-165, letter to mother, December 18, 1939, Vézelay.
61. Alexis Carrel, Man, the Unknown (New York and London: Harper & Brothers, 1935), pp. 314, 315.
CHAPTER XXXIV
1. R2-4-3, letter to mother, January 29, 1940, Paris.
2. Jackson, France, p. 95.
3. R2-4-4, letter to mother, February 14, 1940, Paris.
4. Ibid.
5. R2-4-5, letter to mother, March 19, 1940, Paris.
6. R2-4-8T, letter to mother, May 10, 1940, Paris.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. R2-4-9, letter to mother, May 21, 1940, Paris.
10. R2-1-161, letter to mother, October 28, 1939, Vézelay.
11. R2-4-9, letter to mother, May 21, 1940, Paris.
12. Jackson, France, p. 126.
13. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même, p. 86.
14. Roger Price, A Concise History of France (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 253, 254.
15. R2-4-10, letter to mother, July 3, 1940, Vichy.
16. Ibid.
17. Jackson, France, pp. 178, 179.
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